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Tomassetti M, Marini F, Pezzilli R, Castrucci M, Di Natale C, Campanella L. Improvement of Qualitative Analyses of Aliphatic Alcohols Using Direct Catalytic Fuel Cell and Chemometric Analysis Format. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:3209. [PMID: 38794063 PMCID: PMC11124824 DOI: 10.3390/s24103209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Direct catalytic methanol fuel cells (DCMFCs) have been studied for several years for energy conversion. Less extensive is the investigation of their analytical properties. In this paper, we demonstrate that the behavior of both the discharge and charger curves of DCMFCs depends on the chemical composition of the solution injected in the fuel cell. Their discharge and charge curves, analyzed using a chemometric data fusion method named ComDim, enable the identification of various types of aliphatic alcohols diluted in water. The results also show that the identification of alcohols can be obtained from the first portion of the discharge and charge curves. To this end, the curves have been described by a set of features related to the slope and intercept of the initial portion of the curves. The ComDim analysis of this set of features shows that the identification of alcohols can be obtained in a time that is about thirty times shorter than the time taken to achieve steady-state voltage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Tomassetti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome, “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Federico Marini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome, “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Riccardo Pezzilli
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Mauro Castrucci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome, “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Corrado Di Natale
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Luigi Campanella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome, “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (L.C.)
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Tomassetti M, Pezzilli R, Leonardi C, Prestopino G, Di Natale C, Campanella L, Medaglia PG. A Direct Catalytic Ethanol Fuel Cell (DCEFC) Modified by LDHs, or by Catalase-LDHs, and Improvement in Its Kinetic Performance: Applications for Human Saliva and Disinfectant Products for COVID-19. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13040441. [PMID: 37185517 PMCID: PMC10136279 DOI: 10.3390/bios13040441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In this work, it has been experimentally proven that the kinetic performance of a common Direct Catalytic Ethanol Fuel Cell (DCEFC) can be increased by introducing nanostructured (ZnII,AlIII(OH)2)+NO3-·H2O Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs) into the anode compartment. Carrying out the measurements with the open-circuit voltage method and using a kinetic format, it has been shown that the introduction of LDHs in the anodic compartment implies a 1.3-fold increase in the calibration sensitivity of the method. This improvement becomes even greater in the presence of hydrogen peroxide in a solution. Furthermore, we show that the calibration sensitivity increased by 8-times, when the fuel cell is modified by the enzyme catalase, crosslinked on LDHs and in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The fuel cell, thus modified (with or without enzyme), has been used for analytical applications on real samples, such as biological (human saliva) and hand disinfectant samples, commonly used for the prevention of COVID-19, obtaining very positive results from both analytical and kinetic points of view on ethanol detection. Moreover, if the increase in the calibration sensitivity is of great importance from the point of view of analytical applications, it must be remarked that the increase in the speed of the ethanol oxidation process in the fuel cell can also be extremely useful for the purposes of improving the energy performance of a DCEFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Tomassetti
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Pezzilli
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Leonardi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Prestopino
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Corrado Di Natale
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Campanella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Pier Gianni Medaglia
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Mehrpooya M, Ganjali MR, Mousavi SA, Hedayat N, Allahyarzadeh A. Comprehensive Review of Fuel-Cell-Type Sensors for Gas Detection. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Mehrpooya
- Department of Renewable Energies and Environment, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran1439957131, Iran
- Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Laboratory, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran1439957131, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ganjali
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran1417614411, Iran
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran1439957131, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Mousavi
- Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Laboratory, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran1439957131, Iran
| | - Nader Hedayat
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio44325, United States
| | - Ali Allahyarzadeh
- Department of Renewable Energies and Environment, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran1439957131, Iran
- Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo68503, Brazil
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Introducing Graphene–Indium Oxide Electrochemical Sensor for Detecting Ethanol in Aqueous Samples with CCD-RSM Optimization. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10020042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There is significant demand for portable sensors that can deliver selective and sensitive measurement of ethanol on-site. Such sensors have application across many industries, including clinical and forensic work as well as agricultural and environmental analysis. Here, we report a new graphene–indium oxide electrochemical sensor for the determination of ethanol in aqueous samples. Graphene layers were functionalised by anchoring In2O3 to its surface and the developed composite was used as a selective electrochemical sensor for sensing ethanol through cyclic voltammetry. The detection limit of the sensor was 0.068 mol/L and it showed a linear response to increasing ethanol in the environment up to 1.2 mol/L. The most significant parameters involved and their interactions in the response of the sensor and optimization procedures were studied using a four-factor central composite design (CCD) combined with response surface modelling (RSM). The sensor was applied in the detection of ethanol in authentic samples.
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Comparison between Mid-Infrared (ATR-FTIR) Spectroscopy and Official Analysis Methods for Determination of the Concentrations of Alcohol, SO2, and Total Acids in Wine. SEPARATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/separations8100191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The determination of alcohol, SO2, and total acids in wine through conventional laboratory techniques have some limitations related to the amount of the samples, analytical preparation of laboratory staff, and time to carry out the analysis. In recent years, spectroscopic and chromatographic methods have been proposed to determinate simultaneously multiple analytical parameters. The new methods claim the speed of analysis and easy execution. However, they need a validation process that guarantees the reliability of the results to be used in official determinations. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of FT-infrared reflectance (FT-IR) to quantify total acid, alcohol, and SO2 concentration in the wines. For this purpose, 156 DOC Italian wines were tested with IR technology, and results were compared to those obtained by official analysis methods. The comparison was performed using two non-parametric statistical methods: the Bland & Altman test and Passing & Bablok regression. Our results showed that the spectrophotometric methods make errors due to interfering contaminants in the sample that can be corrected by blank determination. Therefore, the spectrophotometric methods that use the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum can be used by the wine industry and regulators for the wine routine as an alternative to official methodologies.
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Li W, Yang G, Terzis A, Mukherjee S, He C, An X, Wu J, Weigand B, Fischer RA. In Situ Tracking of Wetting-Front Transient Heat Release on a Surface-Mounted Metal-Organic Framework. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2006980. [PMID: 33624896 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202006980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Transient heat generation during guest adsorption and host-guest interactions is a natural phenomenon in metal-organic framework (MOF) chemistry. However, in situ tracking of such MOF released heat is an insufficiently researched field due to the fast heat dissipation to the surroundings. Herein, a facile capillary-driven liquid-imbibition approach is developed for in situ tracking of transient heat release at the wetting front of surface-mounted MOFs (SURMOFs) on cellulosic fiber substrates. Spatiotemporal temperature distributions are obtained with infrared thermal imaging for a range of MOF-based substrates and imbibed liquids. Temperature rises at the wetting front of water and binary mixtures with organic solvents are found to be over 10 K with an ultrafast and distinguishable thermal signal response (<1 s) with a detectable concentration limit ≤1 wt%. As an advancement to the state-of-the-art in trace-solvent detection technologies, this study shows great prospects for the integration of SURMOFs in future sensor devices. Inspired by this prototypal study, SURMOF-based transient heat signal transduction is likely to be extended to an ever-expanding library of SURMOFs and other classes of surface-grafted porous materials, translating into a wide range of convenient, portable, and ubiquitous sensor devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijin Li
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Ernst-Otto-Fischer Straße 1 and Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching bei München, 85748, Germany
| | - Guang Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Alexandros Terzis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Soumya Mukherjee
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Ernst-Otto-Fischer Straße 1 and Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching bei München, 85748, Germany
| | - Chao He
- School of Sciences, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Yuxiang Street 26, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China
| | - Xingtao An
- School of Sciences, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Yuxiang Street 26, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China
| | - Jingyi Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Bernhard Weigand
- Institute of Aerospace Thermodynamics, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 31, Stuttgart, 70569, Germany
| | - Roland A Fischer
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Ernst-Otto-Fischer Straße 1 and Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching bei München, 85748, Germany
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Direct Catalytic Fuel Cell Device Coupled to Chemometric Methods to Detect Organic Compounds of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Interest. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20133615. [PMID: 32605007 PMCID: PMC7374455 DOI: 10.3390/s20133615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Making use of a small direct methanol fuel cell device (DMFC), used as an analytical sensor, chemometric methods, organic compounds very different from one another, can be determined qualitatively and quantitatively. In this research, the following seven different organic compounds of pharmaceutical and biomedical interest, having in common only one –OH group, were considered: chloramphenicol, imipenem, methanol, ethanol, propanol, atropine and cortisone. From a quantitative point of view, the traditional approach, involving the building of individual calibration curves, which allow the quantitative determination of the corresponding organic compounds, even if with different sensitivities, was followed. For the qualitative analysis of each compound, this approach has been much more innovative. In fact, by processing the data from each of the individual response curves, obtained through the fuel cell, using chemometric methods, it is possible to directly identify and recognize each of the seven organic compounds. Since the study is a proof of concept to show the potential of this innovative methodological approach, based on the combination of direct methanol fuel cell with advanced chemometric tools, at this stage, concentration ranges that may not be the ones found in some real situations were investigated. The three methods adopted are all explorative methods with very limited computation costs, which have different characteristics and, therefore, may provide complementary information on the analyzed data. Indeed, while PCA (principal components analysis) provides the most parsimonious summary of the variability observed in the current response matrix, the analysis of the current response behavior was performed by the “slicing” method, in order to transform the current response profiles into numerical matrices, while PARAFAC (Parallel Factor Analysis) allows to obtain a finer deconvolution of the exponential curves. On the other hand, the multiblock nature of “ComDim” (Common Components and Specific Weight Analysis) has been the basis to relate the variability observed in the current response behavior with the parameters of the linear calibrations.
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Yáñez-Sedeño P, Agüí L, Campuzano S, Pingarrón JM. What Electrochemical Biosensors Can Do for Forensic Science? Unique Features and Applications. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2019; 9:bios9040127. [PMID: 31671772 PMCID: PMC6956127 DOI: 10.3390/bios9040127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This article critically discusses the latest advances in the use of voltammetric, amperometric, potentiometric, and impedimetric biosensors for forensic analysis. Highlighted examples that show the advantages of these tools to develop methods capable of detecting very small concentrations of analytes and provide selective determinations through analytical responses, without significant interferences from other components of the samples, are presented and discussed, thus stressing the great versatility and utility of electrochemical biosensors in this growing research field. To illustrate this, the determination of substances with forensic relevance by using electrochemical biosensors reported in the last five years (2015–2019) are reviewed. The different configurations of enzyme or affinity biosensors used to solve analytical problems related to forensic practice, with special attention to applications in complex samples, are considered. Main prospects, challenges to focus, such as the fabrication of devices for rapid analysis of target analytes directly on-site at the crime scene, or their widespread use and successful applications to complex samples of interest in forensic analysis, and future efforts, are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Yáñez-Sedeño
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Lourdes Agüí
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Susana Campuzano
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - José Manuel Pingarrón
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
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The Applications of Sensors and Biosensors in Investigating Drugs, Foods, and Nutraceuticals. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19153395. [PMID: 31382422 PMCID: PMC6696136 DOI: 10.3390/s19153395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The present Special Issue is focused on developing and applying several sensors, biosensor devices, and actuators for the analysis of drugs, foods, and nutraceuticals. Some applications concern classical topics, such as clostridium determination in dairy products, flavouring material in foods like ethylvanillin, or the antioxidant properties of fruit juices, while other applications are more innovative, such as food safety analysis, artificial human senses (electronic nose, or tongue) development, or ethanol determination in pharmaceutical drugs, or forensic purposes using catalytic fuel cell; and lastly, new studies devoted to intelligent food packaging. Therefore, this Special Issue should interest both specialists in the sector and readers who are simply curious, or are simply interested in innovations in the field of food and drug analysis.
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