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Zhang Z, Deng W, Wang Y, Qi C. Visual analysis of trustworthiness studies: based on the Web of Science database. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1351425. [PMID: 38855302 PMCID: PMC11157118 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1351425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Trustworthiness is the most significant predictor of trust and has a significant impact on people's levels of trust. Most trustworthiness-related research is empirical, and while it has a long history, it is challenging for academics to get insights that are applicable to their fields of study and to successfully transfer fragmented results into practice. In order to grasp their dynamic development processes through the mapping of network knowledge graphs, this paper is based on the Web of Science database and uses CiteSpace (6.2.R4) software to compile and visualize the 1,463 publications on trustworthy studies over the past 10 years. This paper aims to provide valuable references to theoretical research and the practice of Trustworthiness. The findings demonstrate that: over the past 10 years, trustworthiness-related research has generally increased in volume; trustworthiness research is concentrated in industrialized Europe and America, with American research findings having a bigger global impact; The University of California System, Harvard University, and Yale University are among the high-production institutions; the leading figures are represented by Alexander Todorov, Marco Brambilla, Bastian Jaeger, and others; the core authors are distinguished university scholars; however, the level of cooperation of the core author needs to be improved. The primary journal for publishing research on trustworthiness is the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology and Biology Letters. In addition, the study focuses on three distinct domains, involving social perception, facial clues, and artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Faculty of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
- Faculty of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wenqing Deng
- Faculty of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Faculty of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chunhui Qi
- Faculty of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
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2
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Li M, Guo F, Li Z, Ma H, Duffy VG. Interactive effects of users' openness and robot reliability on trust: evidence from psychological intentions, task performance, visual behaviours, and cerebral activations. ERGONOMICS 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38635303 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2024.2343954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Although trust plays a vital role in human-robot interaction, there is currently a dearth of literature examining the effect of users' openness personality on trust in actual interaction. This study aims to investigate the interaction effects of users' openness and robot reliability on trust. We designed a voice-based walking task and collected subjective trust ratings, task metrics, eye-tracking data, and fNIRS signals from users with different openness to unravel the psychological intentions, task performance, visual behaviours, and cerebral activations underlying trust. The results showed significant interaction effects. Users with low openness exhibited lower subjective trust, more fixations, and higher activation of rTPJ in the highly reliable condition than those with high openness. The results suggested that users with low openness might be more cautious and suspicious about the highly reliable robot and allocate more visual attention and neural processing to monitor and infer robot status than users with high openness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Li
- Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Management Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, China
- Department of Industrial Engineering, School of Business Administration, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fu Guo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, School of Business Administration, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhixing Li
- Department of Industrial Engineering, School of Business Administration, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haiyang Ma
- Department of Industrial Engineering, School of Business Administration, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Vincent G Duffy
- School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Wang J, Chen Y, Huo S, Mai L, Jia F. Research Hotspots and Trends of Social Robot Interaction Design: A Bibliometric Analysis. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:9369. [PMID: 38067743 PMCID: PMC10708843 DOI: 10.3390/s23239369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Social robot interaction design is crucial for determining user acceptance and experience. However, few studies have systematically discussed the current focus and future research directions of social robot interaction design from a bibliometric perspective. Therefore, we conducted this study in order to identify the latest research progress and evolution trajectory of research hotspots in social robot interaction design over the last decade. (2) Methods: We conducted a comprehensive review based on 2416 papers related to social robot interaction design obtained from the Web of Science (WOS) database. Our review utilized bibliometric techniques and integrated VOSviewer and CiteSpace to construct a knowledge map. (3) Conclusions: The current research hotspots of social robot interaction design mainly focus on #1 the study of human-robot relationships in social robots, #2 research on the emotional design of social robots, #3 research on social robots for children's psychotherapy, #4 research on companion robots for elderly rehabilitation, and #5 research on educational social robots. The reference co-citation analysis identifies the classic literature that forms the basis of the current research, which provides theoretical guidance and methods for the current research. Finally, we discuss several future research directions and challenges in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Wang
- College of Arts and Media, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Yongkang Chen
- College of Design and Innovation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (Y.C.)
| | - Siguang Huo
- College of Design and Innovation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (Y.C.)
| | - Liya Mai
- College of Design and Innovation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (Y.C.)
| | - Fusheng Jia
- College of Design and Innovation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (Y.C.)
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Vouloutsi V, Cominelli L, Dogar M, Lepora N, Zito C, Martinez-Hernandez U. Towards Living Machines: current and future trends of tactile sensing, grasping, and social robotics. BIOINSPIRATION & BIOMIMETICS 2023; 18:025002. [PMID: 36720166 DOI: 10.1088/1748-3190/acb7b9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of future technologies can be highly influenced by our deeper understanding of the principles that underlie living organisms. The Living Machines conference aims at presenting (among others) the interdisciplinary work of behaving systems based on such principles. Celebrating the 10 years of the conference, we present the progress and future challenges of some of the key themes presented in the robotics workshop of the Living Machines conference. More specifically, in this perspective paper, we focus on the advances in the field of biomimetics and robotics for the creation of artificial systems that can robustly interact with their environment, ranging from tactile sensing, grasping, and manipulation to the creation of psychologically plausible agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mehmet Dogar
- University of Leeds, School of Computing, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Nathan Lepora
- Department of Engineering Mathematics, Faculty of Engineering, University of Bristol and Bristol Robotics Laboratory, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Claudio Zito
- Technology Innovation Institute (TII), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Uriel Martinez-Hernandez
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Design, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
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Saßmannshausen T, Burggräf P, Hassenzahl M, Wagner J. Human trust in otherware - a systematic literature review bringing all antecedents together. ERGONOMICS 2022:1-23. [PMID: 36062352 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2022.2120634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Technological systems are becoming increasingly smarter, which causes a shift in the way they are seen: from tools used to execute specific tasks to social counterparts with whom to cooperate. To ensure that these interactions are successful, trust has proven to be the most important driver. We conducted an extensive and structured review with the goal to reveal all previously researched antecedents influencing the human trust in technology-based counterparts. In doing so, we synthesised 179 papers and uncovered 479 trust antecedents. We assigned these antecedents to four main groups. Three of them have been explored before: environment, trustee, and trustor. Within this paper, we argue for a fourth group, the interaction. This quadripartition allows the inclusion of antecedents that were not considered previously. Moreover, we critically question the practice of uncovering more and more trust antecedents, which already led to an opaque plethora and thus becomes increasingly complex for practitioners. Practitioner summary: Future designers of intelligent and interactive technology will have to consider trust to a greater extent. We emphasise that there are far more trust antecedents - and interdependencies - to consider than the ethically motivated discussions about "Trustworthy AI" suggest. For this purpose, we derived a trust map as a sound basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Saßmannshausen
- Chair of International Production Engineering and Management, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Peter Burggräf
- Chair of International Production Engineering and Management, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Marc Hassenzahl
- Chair of Ubiquitous Design, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Johannes Wagner
- Chair of International Production Engineering and Management, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
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Kraus J, Babel F, Hock P, Hauber K, Baumann M. The trustworthy and acceptable HRI checklist (TA-HRI): questions and design recommendations to support a trust-worthy and acceptable design of human-robot interaction. GIO-GRUPPE-INTERAKTION-ORGANISATION-ZEITSCHRIFT FUER ANGEWANDTE ORGANISATIONSPSYCHOLOGIE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11612-022-00643-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis contribution to the journal Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. (GIO) presents a checklist of questions and design recommendations for designing acceptable and trustworthy human-robot interaction (HRI). In order to extend the application scope of robots towards more complex contexts in the public domain and in private households, robots have to fulfill requirements regarding social interaction between humans and robots in addition to safety and efficiency. In particular, this results in recommendations for the design of the appearance, behavior, and interaction strategies of robots that can contribute to acceptance and appropriate trust. The presented checklist was derived from existing guidelines of associated fields of application, the current state of research on HRI, and the results of the BMBF-funded project RobotKoop. The trustworthy and acceptable HRI checklist (TA-HRI) contains 60 design topics with questions and design recommendations for the development and design of acceptable and trustworthy robots. The TA-HRI Checklist provides a basis for discussion of the design of service robots for use in public and private environments and will be continuously refined based on feedback from the community.
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Enhancing the Sense of Attention from an Assistance Mobile Robot by Improving Eye-Gaze Contact from Its Iconic Face Displayed on a Flat Screen. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22114282. [PMID: 35684903 PMCID: PMC9185237 DOI: 10.3390/s22114282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
One direct way to express the sense of attention in a human interaction is through the gaze. This paper presents the enhancement of the sense of attention from the face of a human-sized mobile robot during an interaction. This mobile robot was designed as an assistance mobile robot and uses a flat screen at the top of the robot to display an iconic (simplified) face with big round eyes and a single line as a mouth. The implementation of eye-gaze contact from this iconic face is a problem because of the difficulty of simulating real 3D spherical eyes in a 2D image considering the perspective of the person interacting with the mobile robot. The perception of eye-gaze contact has been improved by manually calibrating the gaze of the robot relative to the location of the face of the person interacting with the robot. The sense of attention has been further enhanced by implementing cyclic face explorations with saccades in the gaze and by performing blinking and small movements of the mouth.
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Would You Trust Driverless Service? Formation of Pedestrian's Trust and Attitude Using Non-Verbal Social Cues. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22072809. [PMID: 35408424 PMCID: PMC9002600 DOI: 10.3390/s22072809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite the widespread application of Autonomous Vehicles (AV) to various services, there has been relatively little research carried out on pedestrian–AV interaction and trust within the context of service provided by AV. This study explores the communication design strategy promoting a pedestrian’s trust and positive attitude to driverless services within the context of pedestrian–AV interaction using non-verbal social cues. An empirical study was conducted with an experimental VR environment to measure participants’ intimacy, trust, and brand attitude toward AV. Further understanding of their social interaction experiences was explored through semi-structured interviews. As a result of the study, the interaction effect of social cues was found, and it was revealed that brand attitude was formed by the direct effects of intimacy and trust as well as the indirect effects of intimacy through trust’s mediation. Furthermore, ‘Conceptual Definition of Space’ was identified to generate differences in the interplay among intimacy, trust, and brand attitude according to social cues. Quantitative and qualitative results were synthesized to discuss implications considering the service context. Practical implications were also addressed suggesting specific design strategies for utilizing the sociality of AV.
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Jermutus E, Kneale D, Thomas J, Michie S. Influences on User Trust in Healthcare Artificial Intelligence: A Systematic Review. Wellcome Open Res 2022. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17550.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly prominent in domains such as healthcare. It is argued to be transformative through altering the way in which healthcare data is used. The realisation and success of AI depend heavily on people’s trust in its applications. Yet, influences on trust in healthcare AI (HAI) applications so far have been underexplored. The objective of this study was to identify aspects related to users, AI applications and the wider context influencing trust in HAI. Methods: We performed a systematic review to map out influences on user trust in HAI. To identify relevant studies, we searched seven electronic databases in November 2019 (ACM digital library, IEEE Explore, NHS Evidence, ProQuest Dissertations & Thesis Global, PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection). Searches were restricted to publications available in English and German. To be included studies had to be empirical; focus on an AI application (excluding robotics) in a health-related setting; and evaluate applications with regards to users. Results: Three studies, one mixed-method and two qualitative studies in English were included. Influences on trust fell into three broad categories: human-related (knowledge, expectation, mental model, self-efficacy, type of user, age, gender), AI-related (data privacy and safety, operational safety, transparency, design, customizability, trialability, explainability, understandability, power-control-balance, benevolence) and context-related (AI company, media, users’ social network). The factors resulted in an updated logic model illustrating the relationship between these aspects. Conclusion: Trust in HAI depends on a variety of factors, both external and internal to AI applications. This study contributes to our understanding of what influences trust in HAI by highlighting key influences, as well as pointing to gaps and issues in existing research on trust and AI. In so doing, it offers a starting point for further investigation of trust environments as well as trustworthy AI applications.
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Simeoni R, Colonnelli F, Eutizi V, Marchetti M, Paolini E, Papalini V, Punturo A, Salvò A, Scipinotti N, Serpente C, Barbini E, Troscia R, Maccioni G, Giansanti D. The Social Robot and the Digital Physiotherapist: Are We Ready for the Team Play? Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:1454. [PMID: 34828501 PMCID: PMC8618922 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9111454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation: We are witnessing two phenomena. The first is that the physiotherapist is increasingly becoming a figure that must interact with Digital Health. On the other hand, social robots through research are improving more and more in the aspects of social interaction thanks also to artificial intelligence and becoming useful in rehabilitation processes. It begins to become strategic to investigate the intersections between these two phenomena. Objective: Therefore, we set ourselves the goal of investigating the consensus and opinion of physiotherapists around the introduction of social robots in clinical practice both in rehabilitation and assistance. Procedure: An electronic survey has been developed focused on social robot-based rehabilitation and assistance and has been submitted to subjects focused on physiotherapy sciences to investigate their opinion and their level of consent regarding the use of the social robot in rehabilitation and assistance. Two samples of subjects were recruited: the first group (156 participating subjects, 79 males, 77 females, mean age 24.3 years) was in the training phase, and the second (167 participating subjects, 86 males, 81 females, mean age 42.4 years) group was involved in the work processes. An electronic feedback form was also submitted to investigate the acceptance of the proposed methodology. Results: The survey showed a consistency of the results between the two samples from which interesting considerations emerge. Contrary to stereotypes that report how AI-based devices put jobs at risk, physiotherapists are not afraid of these devices. The subjects involved in the study believe the following: (a) social robots can be reliable co-workers but will remain a complementary device; (b) their role will be of the utmost importance as an operational manager in their use and in performance monitoring; (c) these devices will allow an increase in working capacity and facilitate integration. All those involved in the study believe that the proposed electronic survey has proved to be a useful and effective tool that can be useful as a periodic monitoring tool and useful for scientific societies. Conclusions: The evolution of social robots represents an unstoppable process as does the increase in the aging of the population. Stakeholders must not look with suspicion toward these devices, which can represent an important resource, but rather invest in monitoring and consensus training initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Simeoni
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, San Martino al Cimino, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (R.S.); (F.C.); (V.E.); (M.M.); (E.P.); (V.P.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (C.S.); (E.B.); (R.T.)
| | - Federico Colonnelli
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, San Martino al Cimino, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (R.S.); (F.C.); (V.E.); (M.M.); (E.P.); (V.P.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (C.S.); (E.B.); (R.T.)
| | - Veronica Eutizi
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, San Martino al Cimino, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (R.S.); (F.C.); (V.E.); (M.M.); (E.P.); (V.P.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (C.S.); (E.B.); (R.T.)
| | - Matteo Marchetti
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, San Martino al Cimino, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (R.S.); (F.C.); (V.E.); (M.M.); (E.P.); (V.P.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (C.S.); (E.B.); (R.T.)
| | - Elena Paolini
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, San Martino al Cimino, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (R.S.); (F.C.); (V.E.); (M.M.); (E.P.); (V.P.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (C.S.); (E.B.); (R.T.)
| | - Valentina Papalini
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, San Martino al Cimino, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (R.S.); (F.C.); (V.E.); (M.M.); (E.P.); (V.P.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (C.S.); (E.B.); (R.T.)
| | - Alessio Punturo
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, San Martino al Cimino, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (R.S.); (F.C.); (V.E.); (M.M.); (E.P.); (V.P.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (C.S.); (E.B.); (R.T.)
| | - Alice Salvò
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, San Martino al Cimino, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (R.S.); (F.C.); (V.E.); (M.M.); (E.P.); (V.P.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (C.S.); (E.B.); (R.T.)
| | - Nicoletta Scipinotti
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, San Martino al Cimino, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (R.S.); (F.C.); (V.E.); (M.M.); (E.P.); (V.P.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (C.S.); (E.B.); (R.T.)
| | - Christian Serpente
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, San Martino al Cimino, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (R.S.); (F.C.); (V.E.); (M.M.); (E.P.); (V.P.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (C.S.); (E.B.); (R.T.)
| | - Emanuele Barbini
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, San Martino al Cimino, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (R.S.); (F.C.); (V.E.); (M.M.); (E.P.); (V.P.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (C.S.); (E.B.); (R.T.)
| | - Riccardo Troscia
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, San Martino al Cimino, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (R.S.); (F.C.); (V.E.); (M.M.); (E.P.); (V.P.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (N.S.); (C.S.); (E.B.); (R.T.)
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The Influence of Academic Emotions on Learning Effects: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189678. [PMID: 34574602 PMCID: PMC8472431 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Academic emotions can have different influences on learning effects, but these have not been systematically studied. In this paper, we objectively evaluate the influence of various academic emotions on learning effects and studied the relationship between positive and negative academic emotions and learning effects by using five electronic databases, including WOS, EMBASE, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. According to established standards, a total of 14 articles from 506 articles were included in the analysis. We divided the 14 studies into nine intervention studies and five observational studies; five of the nine intervention studies found that students who used active learning materials performed better and had higher mental loads than those who used neutral learning materials. Positive academic emotions promoted the learning effect. Four of the five observational studies with high school, college, and postgraduate participants reported that regulating academic emotions can improve learning effects. In conclusion, this paper holds that positive academic emotions are better than negative academic emotions at improving academic performance. In future research, a new method combining multichannel video observation, physiological data, and facial expression data is proposed to capture learners’ learning behavior in various learning environments.
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Song Y, Luximon A, Luximon Y. The effect of facial features on facial anthropomorphic trustworthiness in social robots. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2021; 94:103420. [PMID: 33823378 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2021.103420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As the nature of human-robot relationships have become increasingly bound to shift from supervisor-machine to friend-companion, people have exhibited an increasing interest in making social judgments toward such anthropomorphic objects, such as trustworthiness. However, the facial features of social robots and their potential effect on anthropomorphic trustworthiness are seldom analyzed and discussed comprehensively. This study examined whether the trustworthiness perception toward a social robot shared similarity with baby schema features on the human face. It also explored the effects of different combinations of baby schema facial features, especially the positions and sizes of the eyes and mouth, on facial anthropomorphic trustworthiness. A 5-way mixed experiment (N = 270) was conducted accordingly. The results indicated that people would experience a high level of facial anthropomorphic trustworthiness toward robots with baby schema features (i.e., large eyes, with medium vertical and horizontal positions of the eyes and mouth). This paper contributes to the literature on facial anthropomorphic trustworthiness in human-robot interaction and provides suggestions for social robot design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Song
- School of Design, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.
| | | | - Yan Luximon
- School of Design, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.
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13
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An empirical investigation of trust in AI in a Chinese petrochemical enterprise based on institutional theory. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13564. [PMID: 34193907 PMCID: PMC8245589 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92904-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its considerable potential in the manufacturing industry, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the industry still faces the challenge of insufficient trust. Since AI is a black box with operations that ordinary users have difficulty understanding, users in organizations rely on institutional cues to make decisions about their trust in AI. Therefore, this study investigates trust in AI in the manufacturing industry from an institutional perspective. We identify three institutional dimensions from institutional theory and conceptualize them as management commitment (regulative dimension at the organizational level), authoritarian leadership (normative dimension at the group level), and trust in the AI promoter (cognitive dimension at the individual level). We hypothesize that all three institutional dimensions have positive effects on trust in AI. In addition, we propose hypotheses regarding the moderating effects of AI self-efficacy on these three institutional dimensions. A survey was conducted in a large petrochemical enterprise in eastern China just after the company had launched an AI-based diagnostics system for fault detection and isolation in process equipment service. The results indicate that management commitment, authoritarian leadership, and trust in the AI promoter are all positively related to trust in AI. Moreover, the effect of management commitment and trust in the AI promoter are strengthened when users have high AI self-efficacy. The findings of this study provide suggestions for academics and managers with respect to promoting users’ trust in AI in the manufacturing industry.
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14
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Lee JG, Lee J, Lee D. Cheerful encouragement or careful listening: The dynamics of robot etiquette at Children's different developmental stages. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.106697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Belmonte LM, García AS, Morales R, de la Vara JL, López de la Rosa F, Fernández-Caballero A. Feeling of Safety and Comfort towards a Socially Assistive Unmanned Aerial Vehicle That Monitors People in a Virtual Home. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21030908. [PMID: 33572833 PMCID: PMC7866270 DOI: 10.3390/s21030908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) represent a new model of social robots for home care of dependent persons. In this regard, this article introduces a study on people’s feeling of safety and comfort while watching the monitoring trajectory of a quadrotor dedicated to determining their condition. Three main parameters are evaluated: the relative monitoring altitude, the monitoring velocity and the shape of the monitoring path around the person (ellipsoidal or circular). For this purpose, a new trajectory generator based on a state machine, which is successfully implemented and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink®, is described. The study is carried out with 37 participants using a virtual reality (VR) platform based on two modules, UAV simulator and VR Visualiser, both communicating through the MQTT protocol. The participants’ preferences have been a high relative monitoring altitude, a high monitoring velocity and a circular path. These choices are a starting point for the design of trustworthy socially assistive UAVs flying in real homes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia M. Belmonte
- Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica, Automática y Comunicaciones, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (L.M.B.); (R.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.S.G.); (J.L.d.l.V.); (F.L.d.l.R.)
| | - Arturo S. García
- Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.S.G.); (J.L.d.l.V.); (F.L.d.l.R.)
- Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Rafael Morales
- Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica, Automática y Comunicaciones, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (L.M.B.); (R.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.S.G.); (J.L.d.l.V.); (F.L.d.l.R.)
| | - Jose Luis de la Vara
- Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.S.G.); (J.L.d.l.V.); (F.L.d.l.R.)
- Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Francisco López de la Rosa
- Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.S.G.); (J.L.d.l.V.); (F.L.d.l.R.)
| | - Antonio Fernández-Caballero
- Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.S.G.); (J.L.d.l.V.); (F.L.d.l.R.)
- Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 28016 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-967599200
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Egido-García V, Estévez D, Corrales-Paredes A, Terrón-López MJ, Velasco-Quintana PJ. Integration of a Social Robot in a Pedagogical and Logopedic Intervention with Children: A Case Study. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E6483. [PMID: 33202827 PMCID: PMC7697257 DOI: 10.3390/s20226483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of social robots such as NAO in pedagogical therapies presents a challenge. There is abundant literature focused on therapies using robots with children with autism, but there is a gap to be filled in other educational different needs. This paper describes an experience of using a NAO as an assistant in a logopedic and pedagogical therapy with children with different needs. Even if the initial robot architecture is based on genericbehaviors, the loading and execution time for each specific requirement and the needs of each child in therapy, made it necessary to develop "Adaptive Behaviors". These evolve into an adaptive architecture, appliedto the engineer-therapist-child interaction, requiring the engineer-programmer to be always present during the sessions. Benefits from the point of view of the therapist and the children and the acceptance of NAO in therapy are shown. A robot in speech-therapy sessions can play a positive role in several logopedic aspectsserving as a motivating factor for the children.Future works should be oriented in developing intelligent algorithms so as to eliminate the presence of the engineer-programmer in the sessions. Additional work proposals should consider deepening the psychological aspects of using humanoid robots in educational therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Egido-García
- Vicedean Architecture, Engineering and Design Degree Programs, School of Architecture, Engineering and Design, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain;
| | - David Estévez
- Aerospace and Industrial Engineering Department, School of Architecture, Engineering and Design, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain;
| | - Ana Corrales-Paredes
- Science, Computation and Technology Department, School of Architecture, Engineering and Design, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain;
| | - María-José Terrón-López
- Aerospace and Industrial Engineering Department, School of Architecture, Engineering and Design, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain;
| | - Paloma-Julia Velasco-Quintana
- Academic Model and Digital Transformation, School of Architecture, Engineering and Design, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain
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