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Dahlan NA, Thiha A, Ibrahim F, Milić L, Muniandy S, Jamaluddin NF, Petrović B, Kojić S, Stojanović GM. Role of Nanomaterials in the Fabrication of bioNEMS/MEMS for Biomedical Applications and towards Pioneering Food Waste Utilisation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12224025. [PMID: 36432311 PMCID: PMC9692896 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
bioNEMS/MEMS has emerged as an innovative technology for the miniaturisation of biomedical devices with high precision and rapid processing since its first R&D breakthrough in the 1980s. To date, several organic including food waste derived nanomaterials and inorganic nanomaterials (e.g., carbon nanotubes, graphene, silica, gold, and magnetic nanoparticles) have steered the development of high-throughput and sensitive bioNEMS/MEMS-based biosensors, actuator systems, drug delivery systems and implantable/wearable sensors with desirable biomedical properties. Turning food waste into valuable nanomaterials is potential groundbreaking research in this growing field of bioMEMS/NEMS. This review aspires to communicate recent progress in organic and inorganic nanomaterials based bioNEMS/MEMS for biomedical applications, comprehensively discussing nanomaterials criteria and their prospects as ideal tools for biomedical devices. We discuss clinical applications for diagnostic, monitoring, and therapeutic applications as well as the technological potential for cell manipulation (i.e., sorting, separation, and patterning technology). In addition, current in vitro and in vivo assessments of promising nanomaterials-based biomedical devices will be discussed in this review. Finally, this review also looked at the most recent state-of-the-art knowledge on Internet of Things (IoT) applications such as nanosensors, nanoantennas, nanoprocessors, and nanobattery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuraina Anisa Dahlan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering (CIME), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Aung Thiha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering (CIME), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Fatimah Ibrahim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering (CIME), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Centre for Printable Electronics, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Lazar Milić
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, T. Dositeja Obradovića 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Shalini Muniandy
- Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering (CIME), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Fauzani Jamaluddin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering (CIME), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Bojan Petrović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Sanja Kojić
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, T. Dositeja Obradovića 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Goran M. Stojanović
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, T. Dositeja Obradovića 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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Merle G, Miclau T, Parent-Harvey A, Harvey EJ. Sensor technology usage in orthopedic trauma. Injury 2022; 53 Suppl 3:S59-S63. [PMID: 36182592 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2022.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Medicine in general is quickly transitioning to a digital presence. Orthopaedic surgery is also being impacted by the tenets of digital health but there are also direct efforts with trauma surgery. Sensors are the pen and paper of the next wave of data acquisition. Orthopaedic trauma can and will be part of this new wave of medicine. Early sensor products that are now coming to market, or are in early development, will directly change the way we think about surgical diagnosis and outcomes. Sensor development for biometrics is already here. Wellness devices, pressure, temperature, and other parameters are already being measured. Data acquisition and analysis is going to be a fruitful addition to our research armamentarium with the volume of information now available. A combination of broadband internet, micro electrical machine systems (MEMS), and new wireless communication standards is driving this new wave of medicine. The Internet of Things (IoT) [1] now has a subset which is the Internet of Medical Devices [2-5] permitting a much more in-depth dive into patient procedures and outcomes. IoT devices are now being used to enable remote health monitoring, in hospital treatment, and guide therapies. This article reviews current sensor technology that looks to impact trauma care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Merle
- École Polytechnique de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Theodore Miclau
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, University of Calfornia, School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, San Francisco, USA
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Kim SJ, Wang T, Pelletier MH, Walsh WR. 'SMART' implantable devices for spinal implants: a systematic review on current and future trends. JOURNAL OF SPINE SURGERY (HONG KONG) 2022; 8:117-131. [PMID: 35441100 DOI: 10.21037/jss-21-100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background 'SMART' implants refer to modified orthopedic implants that combine the biomechanical safety and efficacy of traditional devices with the intelligence of data-logging sensors. This review aims to systematically assess the available literature on SMART spinal implants and present these findings in a clinically relevant manner. Methods A search of PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases was conducted by two separate reviewers. Information including sensor type, intended application, and sample size, was extracted from included studies. Risk of bias assessment was conducted using the Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) risk of bias tool. Results Eighteen studies were included for analysis. Eight studies involved SMART rods and ten studies used SMART vertebral body replacements (VBR). No more than 20 patients are reported to have received a SMART spinal implant. Including non-primary evidence, seven unique designs for SMART spinal implants were found. The majority of these used strain gauges with recent designs including thermometers and accelerometers. Discussion At present, SMART spinal implants have primarily focused on utilising strain gauges to report loading on the implant itself. This is a logical first step as it allows quantification of real-world requirements of an implant, detection of catastrophic failure, while also allowing researchers and clinicians to estimate changes in load sharing between newly forming bone and the implant itself, providing real-time information on the progression of healing and fusion. Future work includes documenting the correlation between data provided by these SMART implants and clinical findings, including complications such as pedicle screw loosening and interbody cage subsidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihyong J Kim
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia.,Surgical and Orthopaedics Research Laboratory, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Tian Wang
- Surgical and Orthopaedics Research Laboratory, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew H Pelletier
- Surgical and Orthopaedics Research Laboratory, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - William R Walsh
- Surgical and Orthopaedics Research Laboratory, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
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A Novel Capacitive Measurement Device for Longitudinal Monitoring of Bone Fracture Healing. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21196694. [PMID: 34641013 PMCID: PMC8512850 DOI: 10.3390/s21196694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The healing process of surgically-stabilised long bone fractures depends on two main factors: (a) the assessment of implant stability, and (b) the knowledge of bone callus stiffness. Currently, X-rays are the main diagnostic tool used for the assessment of bone fractures. However, they are considered unsafe, and the interpretation of the clinical results is highly subjective, depending on the clinician’s experience. Hence, there is the need for objective, non-invasive and repeatable methods to allow a longitudinal assessment of implant stability and bone callus stiffness. In this work, we propose a compact and scalable system, based on capacitive sensor technology, able to measure, quantitatively, the relative pins displacements in bone fractures treated with external fixators. The measurement device proved to be easily integrable with the external fixator pins. Smart arrangements of the sensor units were exploited to discriminate relative movements of the external pins in the 3D space with a resolution of 0.5 mm and 0.5°. The proposed capacitive technology was able to detect all of the expected movements of the external pins in the 3D space, providing information on implant stability and bone callus stiffness.
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