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Anwar MA, Keshteli AH, Yang H, Wang W, Li X, Messier HM, Cullis PR, Borchers CH, Fraser R, Wishart DS. Blood-Based Multiomics-Guided Detection of a Precancerous Pancreatic Tumor. OMICS 2024; 28:182-192. [PMID: 38634790 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2023.0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Over a decade ago, longitudinal multiomics analysis was pioneered for early disease detection and individually tailored precision health interventions. However, high sample processing costs, expansive multiomics measurements along with complex data analysis have made this approach to precision/personalized medicine impractical. Here we describe in a case report, a more practical approach that uses fewer measurements, annual sampling, and faster decision making. We also show how this approach offers promise to detect an exceedingly rare and potentially fatal condition before it fully manifests. Specifically, we describe in the present case report how longitudinal multiomics monitoring (LMOM) helped detect a precancerous pancreatic tumor and led to a successful surgical intervention. The patient, enrolled in an annual blood-based LMOM since 2018, had dramatic changes in the June 2021 and 2022 annual metabolomics and proteomics results that prompted further clinical diagnostic testing for pancreatic cancer. Using abdominal magnetic resonance imaging, a 2.6 cm lesion in the tail of the patient's pancreas was detected. The tumor fluid from an aspiration biopsy had 10,000 times that of normal carcinoembryonic antigen levels. After the tumor was surgically resected, histopathological findings confirmed it was a precancerous pancreatic tumor. Postoperative omics testing indicated that most metabolite and protein levels returned to patient's 2018 levels. This case report illustrates the potentials of blood LMOM for precision/personalized medicine, and new ways of thinking medical innovation for a potentially life-saving early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Blood LMOM warrants future programmatic translational research with the goals of precision medicine, and individually tailored cancer diagnoses and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Haiyan Yang
- Molecular You Corporation, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Windy Wang
- Molecular You Corporation, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Xukun Li
- Molecular You Corporation, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Helen M Messier
- Molecular You Corporation, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Fountain Life, Naples, Florida, USA
| | - Pieter R Cullis
- Molecular You Corporation, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Life Sciences Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christoph H Borchers
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Robert Fraser
- Molecular You Corporation, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David S Wishart
- Molecular You Corporation, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Reynolds DE, Sun Y, Wang X, Vallapureddy P, Lim J, Pan M, Fernandez Del Castillo A, Carlson JCT, Sellmyer MA, Nasrallah M, Binder Z, O'Rourke DM, Ming G, Song H, Ko J. Live Organoid Cyclic Imaging. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2309289. [PMID: 38326078 PMCID: PMC11005682 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Organoids are becoming increasingly relevant in biology and medicine for their physiological complexity and accuracy in modeling human disease. To fully assess their biological profile while preserving their spatial information, spatiotemporal imaging tools are warranted. While previously developed imaging techniques, such as four-dimensional (4D) live imaging and light-sheet imaging have yielded important clinical insights, these technologies lack the combination of cyclic and multiplexed analysis. To address these challenges, bioorthogonal click chemistry is applied to display the first demonstration of multiplexed cyclic imaging of live and fixed patient-derived glioblastoma tumor organoids. This technology exploits bioorthogonal click chemistry to quench fluorescent signals from the surface and intracellular of labeled cells across multiple cycles, allowing for more accurate and efficient molecular profiling of their complex phenotypes. Herein, the versatility of this technology is demonstrated for the screening of glioblastoma markers in patient-derived human glioblastoma organoids while conserving their viability. It is anticipated that the findings and applications of this work can be broadly translated into investigating physiological developments in other organoid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E. Reynolds
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Yusha Sun
- Department of NeuroscienceMahoney Institute for NeurosciencesPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of NeuroscienceMahoney Institute for NeurosciencesPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Phoebe Vallapureddy
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Jianhua Lim
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Menghan Pan
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Andres Fernandez Del Castillo
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiophysicsPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Jonathan C. T. Carlson
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
- Department of MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Mark A. Sellmyer
- Department of RadiologyPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - MacLean Nasrallah
- GBM Translational Center of ExcellenceAbramson Cancer CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Zev Binder
- GBM Translational Center of ExcellenceAbramson Cancer CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Center for Cellular ImmunotherapiesUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of NeurosurgeryPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Donald M. O'Rourke
- GBM Translational Center of ExcellenceAbramson Cancer CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Center for Cellular ImmunotherapiesUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of NeurosurgeryPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Guo‐li Ming
- Department of NeuroscienceMahoney Institute for NeurosciencesPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of PsychiatryPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Institute for Regenerative MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Hongjun Song
- Department of NeuroscienceMahoney Institute for NeurosciencesPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- GBM Translational Center of ExcellenceAbramson Cancer CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of PsychiatryPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- The Epigenetics InstitutePerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Jina Ko
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
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Krumm B, Lundby C, Hansen J, Bejder J, Sørensen H, Equey T, Saugy J, Botrè F, Faiss R. Yearly intrasubject variability of hematological biomarkers in elite athletes for the Athlete Biological Passport. Drug Test Anal 2024. [PMID: 38291831 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Confounding factors including exercise and environments challenge the interpretation of individual Athlete Biological Passports (ABPs). This study aimed to investigate the natural variability of hematological ABP parameters over 1 year in elite athletes compared with healthy control subjects and the validity of a multiparametric model estimating plasma volume (PV) shifts to correct individual ABP thresholds. Blood samples were collected monthly with full blood counts performed by flow cytometry (Sysmex XN analyzers) in 20 elite xc-skiers (ELITE) and 20 moderately trained controls. Individual ABP profiles were generated through Anti-Doping Administration & Management System Training, a standalone version of the ABP's adaptive model developed by the World Anti-Doping Agency. Additionally, eight serum parameters were computed as volume-sensitive biomarkers to run a multiparametric model to estimate PV. Variability in ELITE compared with controls was significantly higher for the Abnormal Blood Profile Scores (P = 0.003). Among 12 Atypical Passport Findings (ATPF) initially reported, six could be removed after correction of PV shifts with the multiparametric modeling. However, several ATPF were additionally generated (n = 19). Our study outlines a larger intraindividual variability in elite athletes, likely explained by more frequent exposure to extrinsic factors altering hematological biomarkers. PV correction for individual ABP thresholds allowed to explain most of the atypical findings while generating multiple new ATPF occurrences in the elite population. Overall, accounting for PV shifts in elite athletes was shown to be paramount in this study outlining the opportunity to consider PV variations with novel approaches when interpreting individual ABP profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Krumm
- REDs, Research & Expertise in antiDoping Sciences, Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carsten Lundby
- Section for Health and Exercise Physiology, Inland University of Applied Sciences, Lillehammer, Norway
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sport, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joar Hansen
- Section for Health and Exercise Physiology, Inland University of Applied Sciences, Lillehammer, Norway
| | - Jacob Bejder
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sport, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Sørensen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sport, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tristan Equey
- Athlete Biological Passport, Science Department, WADA, World Anti-Doping Agency, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jonas Saugy
- REDs, Research & Expertise in antiDoping Sciences, Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Botrè
- REDs, Research & Expertise in antiDoping Sciences, Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratorio Antidoping, Federazione Medico Sportiva Italiana, Rome, Italy
| | - Raphael Faiss
- REDs, Research & Expertise in antiDoping Sciences, Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Noroozi-Clever MB, Liao SM, Whitehead HV, Vesoulis ZA. Preterm Infants off Positive Pressure Respiratory Support Have a Higher Incidence of Occult Cerebral Hypoxia. J Pediatr 2023; 262:113648. [PMID: 37517651 PMCID: PMC10822026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To use cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to quantify occult cerebral hypoxia across respiratory support modes in preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN In this prospective, longitudinal, observational study, infants ≤32 weeks gestation underwent serial pulse oximetry (oxygen saturation [SpO2]) and cerebral NIRS monitoring (4-6 hours per session) following a standardized recording schedule (daily for 2 weeks, every other day for 2 weeks, then weekly until 35 weeks corrected gestational age). Four calculations were made: median cerebral saturation, median cerebral hypoxia burden (proportion of NIRS samples below the hypoxia threshold [<67%]), median systemic saturation, and median systemic hypoxia burden (proportion of SpO2 samples below the desaturation threshold [<85%]). During each recording session, respiratory support mode was noted (room air, low-flow nasal cannula, high-flow nasal cannula, noninvasive positive pressure ventilation, continuous positive airway pressure, and invasive ventilation). RESULTS There were 1013 recording sessions made from 174 infants with a median length of 6.9 hours. Although the systemic (SpO2) hypoxia burden was significantly greater for infants on the highest respiratory support (invasive and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation), the cerebral hypoxia burden was significantly greater during recording sessions made on the lowest respiratory support (8% for room air; 29% for low-flow nasal cannula). CONCLUSIONS Premature infants on the highest levels of respiratory support have less cerebral hypoxia than those on lower respiratory support. These results raise concern about unrecognized cerebral hypoxia during lower acuity periods of neonatal intensive care unit hospitalization and adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona B Noroozi-Clever
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Edward Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Steve M Liao
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Edward Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Halana V Whitehead
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Edward Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Zachary A Vesoulis
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Edward Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
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Oka T, Sakaguchi Y, Hattori K, Asahina Y, Kajimoto S, McCallum W, Tighiouart H, Sarnak MJ, Kaimori JY, Isaka Y. Association of Longitudinal B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Monitoring With Kidney Failure in Patients With CKD: A Cohort Study. Am J Kidney Dis 2023; 82:559-568. [PMID: 37354935 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Both hypervolemia and hypovolemia are associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. Although longitudinal monitoring of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) may aid physicians' decision making about the optimization of volume status, its clinical benefit remains uncertain in CKD. This study assessed the association between BNP monitoring and the risk of incident kidney replacement therapy (KRT). STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS A total of 2,998 outpatients with stages 3-5 of nondialyzed CKD referred to the department of nephrology at an academic hospital. EXPOSURE BNP monitoring. OUTCOME KRT, acute kidney injury (AKI), and heart failure hospitalization. ANALYTICAL APPROACH Marginal structural models, which create a balanced pseudo population at each time point, were applied to account for potential time-dependent confounders. Inverse probability weighted pooled logistic regression models were employed to estimate hazard ratios. RESULTS At baseline, the median age and estimated glomerular filtration rate were 66 years and 38.1mL/min/1.73m2, respectively. During the follow-up period (median, 5.9 [IQR, 2.8-9.9] years), 449 patients required KRT, 765 had AKI, and 236 were hospitalized for heart failure. After adjustment for time-updated clinical characteristics and physician-specific practice styles, BNP monitoring was associated with lower risks of KRT (HR, 0.44 [95% CI, 0.21-0.92]), AKI (HR, 0.36 [95% CI, 0.18-0.72]), and heart failure hospitalization (HR, 0.37 [95% CI, 0.14-0.95]). The association between BNP monitoring and KRT was attenuated after additional adjustment for AKI or heart failure hospitalization as a time-varying covariate. LIMITATIONS Residual confounding by measured and unmeasured variables or indications for BNP measurements. CONCLUSIONS BNP monitoring was associated with a lower risk of KRT among patients with CKD that did not require dialysis. This association is potentially mediated through a reduced risk of AKI or heart failure hospitalization. PLAIN-LANGUAGE SUMMARY Both volume overload and volume depletion are deleterious to kidney function. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a biomarker that reflects volume status not only in heart failure but also in nondialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although longitudinal BNP monitoring may aid physicians' decision making about the optimization of volume status, its clinical benefit remains uncertain in CKD. In this cohort study analyzing 2,998 patients with nondialyzed CKD, BNP monitoring was associated with a lower risk of kidney replacement therapy, acute kidney injury, and heart failure hospitalization over the follow-up period. The association with kidney replacement therapy may be mediated through a reduced risk of acute kidney injury or heart failure hospitalization. BNP monitoring may aid physicians in optimal fluid management, potentially conferring better kidney outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsufumi Oka
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Division of Nephrology, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yusuke Sakaguchi
- Department of Inter-Organ Communication Research in Kidney Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koki Hattori
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuta Asahina
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sachio Kajimoto
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Hocine Tighiouart
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Boston, Massachusetts; Tufts Medical Center, and Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Jun-Ya Kaimori
- Department of Inter-Organ Communication Research in Kidney Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yoshitaka Isaka
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Chase BA, Krueger R, Pavelka L, Chung SJ, Aasly J, Dardiotis E, Premkumar AP, Schoneburg B, Kartha N, Aunaetitrakul N, Frigerio R, Maraganore D, Markopoulou K. Multifactorial assessment of Parkinson's disease course and outcomes using trajectory modeling in a multiethnic, multisite cohort - extension of the LONG-PD study. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1240971. [PMID: 37842125 PMCID: PMC10569724 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1240971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The severity, progression, and outcomes of motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) are quite variable. Following PD cohorts holds promise for identifying predictors of disease severity and progression. Methods PD patients (N = 871) were enrolled at five sites. Enrollment occurred within 5 years of initial motor symptom onset. Disease progression was assessed annually for 2-to-10 years after onset. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify groups differing in disease progression. Models were developed for UPDRS-III scores, UPDRS-III tremor and bradykinesia-rigidity subscores, Hoehn & Yahr (H&Y) stage, Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE) scores, and UPDRS-III, H&Y and MMSE scores considered together. Predictors of trajectory-group membership were modeled simultaneously with the trajectories. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis evaluated survival free of PD outcomes. Results The best fitting models identified three groups. One showed a relatively benign, slowly progressing trajectory (Group 1), a second showed a moderate, intermediately progressing trajectory (Group 2), and a third showed a more severe, rapidly progressing trajectory (Group 3). Stable trajectory-group membership occurred relatively early in the disease course, 5 years after initial motor symptom. Predictors of intermediate and more severe trajectory-group membership varied across the single variable models and the multivariable model jointly considering UPDRS-III, H&Y and MMSE scores. In the multivariable model, membership in Group 2 (28.4% of patients), relative to Group 1 (50.5%), was associated with male sex, younger age-at-onset, fewer education-years, pesticide exposure, absence of reported head injury, and akinetic/rigid subtype at initial presentation. Membership in Group 3 (21.3%), relative to Group 1, was associated with older age-at-onset, fewer education-years, pesticide exposure, and the absence of a tremor-predominant subtype at initial presentation. Persistent freezing, persistent falls, and cognitive impairment occurred earliest and more frequently in Group 3, later and less frequently in Group 2, and latest and least frequently in Group 1. Furthermore, autonomic complications, dysphagia, and psychosis occurred more frequently in Groups 2 and 3 than in Group 1. Conclusion Modeling disease course using multiple objective assessments over an extended follow-up duration identified groups that more accurately reflect differences in PD course, prognosis, and outcomes than assessing single parameters over shorter intervals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce A. Chase
- Health Information Technology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Rejko Krueger
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
- Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg
- Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CLG), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Parkinson’s Research Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Lukas Pavelka
- Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg
- Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CLG), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Parkinson’s Research Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Sun Ju Chung
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jan Aasly
- Department of Neurology, St. Olav’s Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ashvini P. Premkumar
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Bernadette Schoneburg
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Ninith Kartha
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Navamon Aunaetitrakul
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Roberta Frigerio
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | | | - Katerina Markopoulou
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
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Maas CM, Kaushal SS, Rippy MA, Mayer PM, Grant SB, Shatkay RR, Malin JT, Bhide SV, Vikesland P, Krauss L, Reimer JE, Yaculak AM. Freshwater salinization syndrome limits management efforts to improve water quality. Front Environ Sci 2023; 11:1-20. [PMID: 37841559 PMCID: PMC10568995 DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2023.1106581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater Salinization Syndrome (FSS) refers to groups of biological, physical, and chemical impacts which commonly occur together in response to salinization. FSS can be assessed by the mobilization of chemical mixtures, termed "chemical cocktails", in watersheds. Currently, we do not know if salinization and mobilization of chemical cocktails along streams can be mitigated or reversed using restoration and conservation strategies. We investigated 1) the formation of chemical cocktails temporally and spatially along streams experiencing different levels of restoration and riparian forest conservation and 2) the potential for attenuation of chemical cocktails and salt ions along flowpaths through conservation and restoration areas. We monitored high-frequency temporal and longitudinal changes in streamwater chemistry in response to different pollution events (i.e., road salt, stormwater runoff, wastewater effluent, and baseflow conditions) and several types of watershed management or conservation efforts in six urban watersheds in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicates that chemical cocktails which formed along flowpaths (i.e., permanent reaches of a stream) varied due to pollution events. In response to winter road salt applications, the chemical cocktails were enriched in salts and metals (e.g., Na+, Mn, and Cu). During most baseflow and stormflow conditions, chemical cocktails were less enriched in salt ions and trace metals. Downstream attenuation of salt ions occurred during baseflow and stormflow conditions along flowpaths through regional parks, stream-floodplain restorations, and a national park. Conversely, chemical mixtures of salt ions and metals, which formed in response to multiple road salt applications or prolonged road salt exposure, did not show patterns of rapid attenuation downstream. Multiple linear regression was used to investigate variables that influence changes in chemical cocktails along flowpaths. Attenuation and dilution of salt ions and chemical cocktails along stream flowpaths was significantly related to riparian forest buffer width, types of salt pollution, and distance downstream. Although salt ions and chemical cocktails can be attenuated and diluted in response to conservation and restoration efforts at lower concentration ranges, there can be limitations in attenuation during road salt events, particularly if storm drains bypass riparian buffers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly M. Maas
- Department of Geology and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Sujay S. Kaushal
- Department of Geology and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Megan A. Rippy
- Occoquan Watershed Monitoring Laboratory, The Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Manassas, VA, United States
- Center for Coastal Studies, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Paul M. Mayer
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Pacific Ecological Systems Division, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Stanley B. Grant
- Occoquan Watershed Monitoring Laboratory, The Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Manassas, VA, United States
- Center for Coastal Studies, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Ruth R. Shatkay
- Department of Geology and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Joseph T. Malin
- Department of Geology and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Shantanu V. Bhide
- Occoquan Watershed Monitoring Laboratory, The Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Manassas, VA, United States
| | - Peter Vikesland
- The Charles E. Via Jr Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Lauren Krauss
- Occoquan Watershed Monitoring Laboratory, The Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Manassas, VA, United States
| | - Jenna E. Reimer
- Department of Soil, Water, and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Alexis M. Yaculak
- Water Sciences and Policy Graduate Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
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8
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Ho H, Kejzar N, Sasaguri H, Saito T, Saido TC, De Strooper B, Bauza M, Krupic J. A fully automated home cage for long-term continuous phenotyping of mouse cognition and behavior. Cell Rep Methods 2023; 3:100532. [PMID: 37533650 PMCID: PMC10391580 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2023.100532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Automated home-cage monitoring systems present a valuable tool for comprehensive phenotyping of natural behaviors. However, current systems often involve complex training routines, water or food restriction, and probe a limited range of behaviors. Here, we present a fully automated home-cage monitoring system for cognitive and behavioral phenotyping in mice. The system incorporates T-maze alternation, novel object recognition, and object-in-place recognition tests combined with monitoring of locomotion, drinking, and quiescence patterns, all carried out over long periods. Mice learn the tasks rapidly without any need for water or food restrictions. Behavioral characterization employs a deep convolutional neural network image analysis. We show that combined statistical properties of multiple behaviors can be used to discriminate between mice with hippocampal, medial entorhinal, and sham lesions and predict the genotype of an Alzheimer's disease mouse model with high accuracy. This technology may enable large-scale behavioral screening for genes and neural circuits underlying spatial memory and other cognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hinze Ho
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nejc Kejzar
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hiroki Sasaguri
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Japan
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Saito
- Department of Neurocognitive Science, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takaomi C. Saido
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Japan
| | - Bart De Strooper
- UK-Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marius Bauza
- Sainsbury Wellcome Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Julija Krupic
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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9
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Alhaddad AY, Aly H, Gad H, Elgassim E, Mohammed I, Baagar K, Al-Ali A, Sadasivuni KK, Cabibihan JJ, Malik RA. Longitudinal Studies of Wearables in Patients with Diabetes: Key Issues and Solutions. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:s23115003. [PMID: 37299733 DOI: 10.3390/s23115003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Glucose monitoring is key to the management of diabetes mellitus to maintain optimal glucose control whilst avoiding hypoglycemia. Non-invasive continuous glucose monitoring techniques have evolved considerably to replace finger prick testing, but still require sensor insertion. Physiological variables, such as heart rate and pulse pressure, change with blood glucose, especially during hypoglycemia, and could be used to predict hypoglycemia. To validate this approach, clinical studies that contemporaneously acquire physiological and continuous glucose variables are required. In this work, we provide insights from a clinical study undertaken to study the relationship between physiological variables obtained from a number of wearables and glucose levels. The clinical study included three screening tests to assess neuropathy and acquired data using wearable devices from 60 participants for four days. We highlight the challenges and provide recommendations to mitigate issues that may impact the validity of data capture to enable a valid interpretation of the outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Yaser Alhaddad
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Hussein Aly
- KINDI Center for Computing Research, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Hoda Gad
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha 24144, Qatar
| | | | - Ibrahim Mohammed
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha 24144, Qatar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Albany Medical Center Hospital, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | | | - Abdulaziz Al-Ali
- KINDI Center for Computing Research, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | | | - John-John Cabibihan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
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10
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Chatterjee P, Pedrini S, Doecke JD, Thota R, Villemagne VL, Doré V, Singh AK, Wang P, Rainey-Smith S, Fowler C, Taddei K, Sohrabi HR, Molloy MP, Ames D, Maruff P, Rowe CC, Masters CL, Martins RN. Plasma Aβ42/40 ratio, p-tau181, GFAP, and NfL across the Alzheimer's disease continuum: A cross-sectional and longitudinal study in the AIBL cohort. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:1117-1134. [PMID: 36574591 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Plasma amyloid beta (Aβ)1-42/Aβ1-40 ratio, phosphorylated-tau181 (p-tau181), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light (NfL) are putative blood biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, head-to-head cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons of the aforementioned biomarkers across the AD continuum are lacking. METHODS Plasma Aβ1-42, Aβ1-40, p-tau181, GFAP, and NfL were measured utilizing the Single Molecule Array (Simoa) platform and compared cross-sectionally across the AD continuum, wherein Aβ-PET (positron emission tomography)-negative cognitively unimpaired (CU Aβ-, n = 81) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI Aβ-, n = 26) participants were compared with Aβ-PET-positive participants across the AD continuum (CU Aβ+, n = 39; MCI Aβ+, n = 33; AD Aβ+, n = 46) from the Australian Imaging, Biomarker & Lifestyle Flagship Study of Ageing (AIBL) cohort. Longitudinal plasma biomarker changes were also assessed in MCI (n = 27) and AD (n = 29) participants compared with CU (n = 120) participants. In addition, associations between baseline plasma biomarker levels and prospective cognitive decline and Aβ-PET load were assessed over a 7 to 10-year duration. RESULTS Lower plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratio and elevated p-tau181 and GFAP were observed in CU Aβ+, MCI Aβ+, and AD Aβ+, whereas elevated plasma NfL was observed in MCI Aβ+ and AD Aβ+, compared with CU Aβ- and MCI Aβ-. Among the aforementioned plasma biomarkers, for models with and without AD risk factors (age, sex, and apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carrier status), p-tau181 performed equivalent to or better than other biomarkers in predicting a brain Aβ-/+ status across the AD continuum. However, for models with and without the AD risk factors, a biomarker panel of Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40, p-tau181, and GFAP performed equivalent to or better than any of the biomarkers alone in predicting brain Aβ-/+ status across the AD continuum. Longitudinally, plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40, p-tau181, and GFAP were altered in MCI compared with CU, and plasma GFAP and NfL were altered in AD compared with CU. In addition, lower plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 and higher p-tau181, GFAP, and NfL were associated with prospective cognitive decline and lower plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40, and higher p-tau181 and GFAP were associated with increased Aβ-PET load prospectively. DISCUSSION These findings suggest that plasma biomarkers are altered cross-sectionally and longitudinally, along the AD continuum, and are prospectively associated with cognitive decline and brain Aβ-PET load. In addition, although p-tau181 performed equivalent to or better than other biomarkers in predicting an Aβ-/+ status across the AD continuum, a panel of biomarkers may have superior Aβ-/+ status predictive capability across the AD continuum. HIGHLIGHTS Area under the curve (AUC) of p-tau181 ≥ AUC of Aβ42/40, GFAP, NfL in predicting PET Aβ-/+ status (Aβ-/+). AUC of Aβ42/40+p-tau181+GFAP panel ≥ AUC of Aβ42/40/p-tau181/GFAP/NfL for Aβ-/+. Longitudinally, Aβ42/40, p-tau181, and GFAP were altered in MCI versus CU. Longitudinally, GFAP and NfL were altered in AD versus CU. Aβ42/40, p-tau181, GFAP, and NfL are associated with prospective cognitive decline. Aβ42/40, p-tau181, and GFAP are associated with increased PET Aβ load prospectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratishtha Chatterjee
- Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Steve Pedrini
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - James D Doecke
- Australian eHealth Research Centre, CSIRO, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rohith Thota
- Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Victor L Villemagne
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh, USA
- Department of Molecular Imaging & Therapy, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vincent Doré
- Australian eHealth Research Centre, CSIRO, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Molecular Imaging & Therapy, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Abhay K Singh
- Macquarie Business School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Penghao Wang
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Stephanie Rainey-Smith
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Australian Alzheimer's Research Foundation, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Christopher Fowler
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kevin Taddei
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Australian Alzheimer's Research Foundation, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Hamid R Sohrabi
- Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Australian Alzheimer's Research Foundation, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Future Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Mark P Molloy
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility (APAF), Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Bowel Cancer and Biomarker Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Ames
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul Maruff
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Cogstate Ltd., Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher C Rowe
- Department of Molecular Imaging & Therapy, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Colin L Masters
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ralph N Martins
- Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Australian Alzheimer's Research Foundation, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
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11
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Scrivens MM, Frith D, Wood B, Burren B, Doust AJ, McGowan MR. Investigation and Management of an Outbreak of Lead Intoxication in an Extensively Managed Beef Herd. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13010174. [PMID: 36611782 PMCID: PMC9817874 DOI: 10.3390/ani13010174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fifteen hundred 12−15-month-old tropically adapted heifers inadvertently grazed a paddock which had a refuse dump in it containing burnt out vehicle batteries. The cattle grazed this paddock for approximately seven days. Subsequently these cattle were managed as two cohorts (cull and potential replacement breeding animals). Deaths commenced in the cull heifer group approximately 18 days after initial exposure to the refuse dump during relocation to a feedlot. Mortalities continued for 12 days, with other heifers showing clinical signs of marked central nervous system dysfunction requiring euthanasia. Necropsy of several clinically affected cattle plus blood sampling for lead analysis confirmed a diagnosis of lead intoxication. The crude mortality rate in the cull heifers was 6.6% (n = 685). Following confirmation of the diagnosis most of the potential replacement heifers (second cohort) were also relocated to the feedlot. The estimated crude mortality rate in this cohort was 5.8% (n = 815). All possible lead intoxication deaths occurred within 34 days of initial exposure, and apparently after day 16 at the feedlot no further heifers showed any clinical signs which could be attributed to lead intoxication. Longitudinal monitoring of blood lead concentrations was used to identify cattle suitable for slaughter. Overall, 70% of heifers initially blood sampled (n = 1408) had no detectable lead in their blood, however 16% had markedly elevated blood lead concentrations (> 0.7µmol/L) which persisted, and 2% had above the maximum normal threshold 1.5 years later. These latter cattle were subsequently euthanized, and necropsy revealed that visible pieces of lead were still present in the reticulum of several animals. At no time did any of these heifers with persistently high blood lead concentrations show clinical signs of lead intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan M. Scrivens
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, UQ Vets Dayboro, Dayboro, QLD 4521, Australia
| | - David Frith
- Apiam Feedlot Services, 81 Pryor St, Quirindi, NSW 2343, Australia
| | - Ben Wood
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton Campus, Lawes, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - Brian Burren
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Queensland Government, Coopers Plains, Brisbane, QLD 4108, Australia
| | - Andrew J. Doust
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, UQ Vets Dayboro, Dayboro, QLD 4521, Australia
| | - Michael R. McGowan
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton Campus, Lawes, QLD 4343, Australia
- Correspondence:
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12
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Liao M, Wu J, Li Y, Lu X, Tan H, Chen S, Huang W, Lian X, Sun J, Liao X, Liu Y, Feng S, Zhang R. Prevalence and Persistence of Ceftiofur-Resistant Escherichia coli in A Chicken Layer Breeding Program. Animals (Basel) 2022; 13:ani13010090. [PMID: 36611699 PMCID: PMC9817529 DOI: 10.3390/ani13010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We determined the longitudinal persistence of ceftiofur-resistant Escherichia coli from a chicken breeding farm in China. A total of 150 samples were collected from 5 breeding periods in a flock of layer hens, and the prevalence of ceftiofur-resistant E. coli fluctuated across the 5 chicken breeding stages: eggs, 3.33%; growing period, 100%; early laying period, 36.7%; peak laying period, 66.7% and late laying period, 80%. The most prevalent ceftiofur resistance genes were blaCTX-M-55, blaCMY and blaNDM, and ST101 was the most prevalent and persistent sequence type across the breeding periods. Our results indicated that this breeder flock was heavily contaminated by ST101 ceftiofur-resistant E. coli and that its presence should be intensively monitored on chicken farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meina Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiaen Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yafei Li
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaoqing Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huizhen Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wenqing Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xinlei Lian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoping Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yahong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Saixiang Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (S.F.); (R.Z.)
| | - Rongmin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (S.F.); (R.Z.)
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13
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Fukase N, Duke VR, Lin MC, Stake IK, Huard M, Huard J, Marmor MT, Maharbiz MM, Ehrhart NP, Bahney CS, Herfat ST. Wireless Measurements Using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy to Monitor Fracture Healing. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:s22166233. [PMID: 36016004 PMCID: PMC9412277 DOI: 10.3390/s22166233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
There is an unmet need for improved, clinically relevant methods to longitudinally quantify bone healing during fracture care. Here we develop a smart bone plate to wirelessly monitor healing utilizing electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to provide real-time data on tissue composition within the fracture callus. To validate our technology, we created a 1-mm rabbit tibial defect and fixed the bone with a standard veterinary plate modified with a custom-designed housing that included two impedance sensors capable of wireless transmission. Impedance magnitude and phase measurements were transmitted every 48 h for up to 10 weeks. Bone healing was assessed by X-ray, µCT, and histology. Our results indicated the sensors successfully incorporated into the fracture callus and did not impede repair. Electrical impedance, resistance, and reactance increased steadily from weeks 3 to 7-corresponding to the transition from hematoma to cartilage to bone within the fracture gap-then plateaued as the bone began to consolidate. These three electrical readings significantly correlated with traditional measurements of bone healing and successfully distinguished between union and not-healed fractures, with the strongest relationship found with impedance magnitude. These results suggest that our EIS smart bone plate can provide continuous and highly sensitive quantitative tissue measurements throughout the course of fracture healing to better guide personalized clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomasa Fukase
- Linda and Mitch Hart Center for Regenerative & Personalized Medicine at the Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO 81657, USA
| | - Victoria R. Duke
- Linda and Mitch Hart Center for Regenerative & Personalized Medicine at the Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO 81657, USA
| | - Monica C. Lin
- UCSF Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ingrid K. Stake
- Linda and Mitch Hart Center for Regenerative & Personalized Medicine at the Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO 81657, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ostfold Hospital Trust, 1714 Graalum, Norway
| | - Matthieu Huard
- Linda and Mitch Hart Center for Regenerative & Personalized Medicine at the Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO 81657, USA
| | - Johnny Huard
- Linda and Mitch Hart Center for Regenerative & Personalized Medicine at the Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO 81657, USA
| | - Meir T. Marmor
- UCSF Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | - Michel M. Maharbiz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Nicole P. Ehrhart
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Chelsea S. Bahney
- Linda and Mitch Hart Center for Regenerative & Personalized Medicine at the Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO 81657, USA
- UCSF Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
- Correspondence: (C.S.B.); (S.T.H.)
| | - Safa T. Herfat
- UCSF Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
- Correspondence: (C.S.B.); (S.T.H.)
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Goossens E, Dehau T, Ducatelle R, Van Immerseel F. Omics technologies in poultry health and productivity - part 2: future applications in the poultry industry. Avian Pathol 2022; 51:418-423. [PMID: 35675218 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2022.2085545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The increasing global demand for poultry products, together with the growing consumer concerns related to bird health and welfare, pose a significant challenge to the poultry industry. Therefore, the poultry industry is increasingly implementing novel technologies to optimize and enhance bird welfare and productivity. This second part of a bipartite review on omics technologies in poultry health and productivity highlights the implementation of specific diagnostic biomarkers based on omics-research in the poultry industry, as well as the potential integration of multi-omics in future poultry production. A general discussion of the use of multiple omics technologies in poultry research is provided in part 1. To date, approaches focusing on one or more omics type are widely used in poultry research, but the implementation of these omics techniques in poultry production is not expected in the near future. However, great potential lays in the development of diagnostic tests based on disease- or gut health-specific biomarkers, which are identified through omics research. As the cost of omics technologies is rapidly decreasing, implementation of multi-omics measurements in routine poultry monitoring systems might be feasible in the more distant future. Therefore, the opportunities, challenges and requirements to enable the integration of multi-omics-based monitoring of bird health and productivity in future poultry production are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evy Goossens
- Livestock Gut Health Team (LiGHT) Ghent, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Tessa Dehau
- Livestock Gut Health Team (LiGHT) Ghent, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Richard Ducatelle
- Livestock Gut Health Team (LiGHT) Ghent, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Filip Van Immerseel
- Livestock Gut Health Team (LiGHT) Ghent, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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15
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Menck-Costa MF, Baptista AAS, Gazal LEDS, Justino L, Sanches MS, de Souza M, Nishio EK, Queiroz Dos Santos B, Cruz VD, Berbert JVM, Gonçalves BC, Andrade G, Vespero EC, Nakazato G, Kobayashi RKT. High-Frequency Detection of fosA3 and bla CTX-M-55 Genes in Escherichia coli From Longitudinal Monitoring in Broiler Chicken Farms. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:846116. [PMID: 35663865 PMCID: PMC9158547 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.846116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the worrying emergence of multidrug resistance, including in animal husbandry and especially in food-producing animals, the need to detect antimicrobial resistance strains in poultry environments is relevant, mainly considering a One Health approach. Thus, this study aimed to conduct longitudinal monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in broiler chicken farms, with an emphasis on evaluating the frequency of resistance to fosfomycin and β-lactams. Escherichia coli was isolated from broiler chicken farms (cloacal swabs, meconium, poultry feed, water, poultry litter, and Alphitobius diaperinus) in northern Paraná from 2019 to 2020 during three periods: the first period (1st days of life), the second period (20th to 25th days of life), and third period (40th to 42nd days of life). Antibiogram tests and the detection of phenotypic extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) were performed, and they were confirmed by seaching for genes from the blaCTX–M group. The other resistance genes searched were mcr-1 and fosA3. Some ESBL blaCTX–M–1 group strains were selected for ESBL identification by sequencing and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction analysis. To determine the transferability of the blaCTX–M–1– and fosA3-carrying plasmids, strains were subjected to conjugation experiments. A total of 507 E. coli were analyzed: 360 from cloacal swabs, 24 from meconium samples, 3 from poultry feed samples, 18 from water samples, 69 from poultry litter samples, and 33 from A. diaperinus samples. Among the strain isolate, 80% (406/507) were multidrug-resistant (MDR), and 51% (260/507) were ESBL-positive, with the blaCTX–M–1 group being the most frequent. For the fosA3 gene, 68% (344/507) of the strains isolated were positive, deserves to be highlighted E. coli isolated from day-old chickens (OR 6.34, CI 2.34–17.17), when compared with strains isolated from other origins (poultry litter, A. diaperinus, water, and poultry feed). This work alerts us to the high frequency of the fosA3 gene correlated with the CTX-M-1 group (OR 3.57, CI 95% 2.7–4.72, p < 0.05), especially the blaCTX–M–55 gene, in broiler chickens. This profile was observed mainly in day-old chicken, with a high percentage of E. coli that were MDR. The findings emphasize the importance of conducting longitudinal monitoring to detect the primary risk points during poultry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maísa Fabiana Menck-Costa
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Ana Angelita Sampaio Baptista
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Avian Medicine Laboratory, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Larissa Justino
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Avian Medicine Laboratory, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Matheus Silva Sanches
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Marielen de Souza
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Avian Medicine Laboratory, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Erick Kenji Nishio
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Queiroz Dos Santos
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Avian Medicine Laboratory, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Victor Dellevedove Cruz
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - João Vitor Monteiro Berbert
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Avian Medicine Laboratory, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Bruna Carolina Gonçalves
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Galdino Andrade
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Eliana Carolina Vespero
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Gerson Nakazato
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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16
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Khine NO, Lugsomya K, Niyomtham W, Pongpan T, Hampson DJ, Prapasarakul N. Longitudinal Monitoring Reveals Persistence of Colistin-Resistant Escherichia coli on a Pig Farm Following Cessation of Colistin Use. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:845746. [PMID: 35372535 PMCID: PMC8964308 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.845746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Colistin-resistant bacteria harboring plasmid-mediated mcr genes are of concern as they may be a cause of serious nosocomial infections. It is hypothesized that cessation of colistin use as a feed additive for pigs will reduce the occurrence and distribution of mcr genes in farms. The aim of this study was to investigate this hypothesis by longitudinal monitoring and characterizing of mcr positive Escherichia coli (MCRPE) isolates after colistin was withdrawn on a central Thailand pig farm that previously had a high frequency of MCRPE. Colistin use ceased at the beginning of 2017, and subsequently 170 samples were collected from farrowing sows and suckling piglets (n = 70), wastewater (n = 50) and farm workers (n = 50) over a 3.5-year period. Bacteria were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined by broth microdilution. The antibiogram of mcr positive E. coli isolates was determined using the Vitek2 automated susceptibility machine, and multiplex and simplex PCRs were performed for mcr-1-8 genes. MCRPE containing either mcr-1 or mcr-3 were isolated from pigs throughout the investigation period, but with a declining trend, whereas MCRPE isolates were recovered from humans only in 2017. MCRPE were still being recovered from wastewater in 2020. Most MCRPE isolates possessed the virulence genes Stap, Stb, or Stx2e, reflecting pathogenic potential in pigs, and showed high rates of resistance to ampicillin, gentamicin and tetracycline. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and multi-locus sequence typing showed that diverse MCRPE clones were distributed on the farm. The study identified a decline of pathogenic MCRPE following withdrawal of colistin, with pigs being the primary source, followed by wastewater. However, short-term therapeutic usage of other antibiotics could enhance the re-occurrence of mcr-carrying bacteria. Factors including the environment, management, and gene adaptations that allow maintenance of colistin resistance require further investigation, and longer-term studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nwai Oo Khine
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kittitat Lugsomya
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
| | - Waree Niyomtham
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tawat Pongpan
- Center of Excellence in Diagnosis and Monitoring of Animal Pathogens (DMAP), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - David J. Hampson
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Nuvee Prapasarakul
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Diagnosis and Monitoring of Animal Pathogens (DMAP), Bangkok, Thailand
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17
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Nigalye AK, Hess K, Pundlik SJ, Jeffrey BG, Cukras CA, Husain D. Dark Adaptation and Its Role in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11051358. [PMID: 35268448 PMCID: PMC8911214 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11051358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dark adaptation (DA) refers to the slow recovery of visual sensitivity in darkness following exposure to intense or prolonged illumination, which bleaches a significant amount of the rhodopsin. This natural process also offers an opportunity to understand cellular function in the outer retina and evaluate for presence of disease. How our eyes adapt to darkness can be a key indicator of retinal health, which can be altered in the presence of certain diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). A specific focus on clinical aspects of DA measurement and its significance to furthering our understanding of AMD has revealed essential findings underlying the pathobiology of the disease. The process of dark adaptation involves phototransduction taking place mainly between the photoreceptor outer segments and the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) layer. DA occurs over a large range of luminance and is modulated by both cone and rod photoreceptors. In the photopic ranges, rods are saturated and cone cells adapt to the high luminance levels. However, under scotopic ranges, cones are unable to respond to the dim luminance and rods modulate the responses to lower levels of light as they can respond to even a single photon. Since the cone visual cycle is also based on the Muller cells, measuring the impairment in rod-based dark adaptation is thought to be particularly relevant to diseases such as AMD, which involves both photoreceptors and RPE. Dark adaptation parameters are metrics derived from curve-fitting dark adaptation sensitivities over time and can represent specific cellular function. Parameters such as the cone-rod break (CRB) and rod intercept time (RIT) are particularly sensitive to changes in the outer retina. There is some structural and functional continuum between normal aging and the AMD pathology. Many studies have shown an increase of the rod intercept time (RIT), i.e., delays in rod-mediated DA in AMD patients with increasing disease severity determined by increased drusen grade, pigment changes and the presence of subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDD) and association with certain morphological features in the peripheral retina. Specifications of spatial testing location, repeatability of the testing, ease and availability of the testing device in clinical settings, and test duration in elderly population are also important. We provide a detailed overview in light of all these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana K. Nigalye
- Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles St., Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Kristina Hess
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (K.H.); (B.G.J.)
| | - Shrinivas J. Pundlik
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School Department of Ophthalmology, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Brett G. Jeffrey
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (K.H.); (B.G.J.)
| | - Catherine A. Cukras
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (K.H.); (B.G.J.)
- Correspondence: (C.A.C.); (D.H.); Tel.: +1-(301)435-5061 (C.A.C.); +1-617-573-4371 (D.H.); Fax: +1-617-573-3698 (D.H.)
| | - Deeba Husain
- Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles St., Boston, MA 02114, USA;
- Correspondence: (C.A.C.); (D.H.); Tel.: +1-(301)435-5061 (C.A.C.); +1-617-573-4371 (D.H.); Fax: +1-617-573-3698 (D.H.)
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18
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Sorriento A, Chiurazzi M, Fabbri L, Scaglione M, Dario P, Ciuti G. A Novel Capacitive Measurement Device for Longitudinal Monitoring of Bone Fracture Healing. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:6694. [PMID: 34641013 DOI: 10.3390/s21196694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The healing process of surgically-stabilised long bone fractures depends on two main factors: (a) the assessment of implant stability, and (b) the knowledge of bone callus stiffness. Currently, X-rays are the main diagnostic tool used for the assessment of bone fractures. However, they are considered unsafe, and the interpretation of the clinical results is highly subjective, depending on the clinician’s experience. Hence, there is the need for objective, non-invasive and repeatable methods to allow a longitudinal assessment of implant stability and bone callus stiffness. In this work, we propose a compact and scalable system, based on capacitive sensor technology, able to measure, quantitatively, the relative pins displacements in bone fractures treated with external fixators. The measurement device proved to be easily integrable with the external fixator pins. Smart arrangements of the sensor units were exploited to discriminate relative movements of the external pins in the 3D space with a resolution of 0.5 mm and 0.5°. The proposed capacitive technology was able to detect all of the expected movements of the external pins in the 3D space, providing information on implant stability and bone callus stiffness.
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19
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Purcell E, Owen S, Prantzalos E, Radomski A, Carman N, Lo TW, Zeinali M, Subramanian C, Ramnath N, Nagrath S. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations Carried in Extracellular Vesicle-Derived Cargo Mirror Disease Status in Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:724389. [PMID: 34692681 PMCID: PMC8526851 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.724389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), identifying the presence of sensitizing and resistance epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations dictates treatment plans. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as abundant, stable potential liquid biopsy targets that offer the potential to quantify EGFR mutations in NSCLC patients at the RNA and protein level at multiple points through treatment. In this study, we present a systematic approach for serial mutation profiling of 34 EV samples from 10 metastatic NSCLC patients with known EGFR mutations through treatment. Using western blot and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), sensitizing (exon 19 deletion, L858R) mutations were detected in EV-Protein, and both sensitizing and resistance (T790M) mutations were quantified in EV-RNA. EGFR mutations were detected in EV-Protein from four patients at multiple time points through treatment. Using EV-RNA, tumor biopsy matched sensitizing mutations were detected in 90% of patients and resistance mutations in 100% of patients. Finally, mutation burden in EV-RNA at each time point was compared to disease status, described as either stable or progressing. For 6/7 patients who were longitudinally monitored through treatment, EV mutation burden mirrored clinical trajectory. When comparing mutation detection between EV-RNA and ctDNA using ddPCR, EVs had a better detection rate for exon 19 deletions and the L858R point mutation. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that integrating EV analysis into liquid biopsy mutation screening has the potential to advance beyond the current standard of care "rule in" test. The multi-analyte testing allows future integration of EGFR mutation monitoring with additional EV-markers for a comprehensive patient monitoring biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Purcell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sarah Owen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Emily Prantzalos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Abigail Radomski
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Nayri Carman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Ting-Wen Lo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Mina Zeinali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Chitra Subramanian
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Nithya Ramnath
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sunitha Nagrath
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,*Correspondence: Sunitha Nagrath,
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20
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Chatterjee P, Pedrini S, Ashton NJ, Tegg M, Goozee K, Singh AK, Karikari TK, Simrén J, Vanmechelen E, Armstrong NJ, Hone E, Asih PR, Taddei K, Doré V, Villemagne VL, Sohrabi HR, Zetterberg H, Masters CL, Blennow K, Martins RN. Diagnostic and prognostic plasma biomarkers for preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2021; 18:1141-1154. [PMID: 34494715 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study involved a parallel comparison of the diagnostic and longitudinal monitoring potential of plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), total tau (t-tau), phosphorylated tau (p-tau181 and p-tau231), and neurofilament light (NFL) in preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS Plasma proteins were measured using Simoa assays in cognitively unimpaired older adults (CU), with either absence (Aβ-) or presence (Aβ+) of brain amyloidosis. RESULTS Plasma GFAP, t-tau, p-tau181, and p-tau231 concentrations were higher in Aβ+ CU compared with Aβ- CU cross-sectionally. GFAP had the highest effect size and area under the curve (AUC) in differentiating between Aβ+ and Aβ- CU; however, no statistically significant differences were observed between the AUCs of GFAP, p-tau181, and p-tau231, but all were significantly higher than the AUC of NFL, and the AUC of GFAP was higher than the AUC of t-tau. The combination of a base model (BM), comprising the AD risk factors, age, sex, and apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) ε4 status with GFAP was observed to have a higher AUC (>90%) compared with the combination of BM with any of the other proteins investigated in the current study. Longitudinal analyses showed increased GFAP and p-tau181 in Aβ+ CU and increased NFL in Aβ- CU, over a 12-month duration. GFAP, p-tau181, p-tau231, and NFL showed significant correlations with cognition, whereas no significant correlations were observed with hippocampal volume. DISCUSSION These findings highlight the diagnostic and longitudinal monitoring potential of GFAP and p-tau for preclinical AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratishtha Chatterjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Steve Pedrini
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Ashton
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michelle Tegg
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kathryn Goozee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.,The Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton South, Australia.,KaRa Institute of Neurological Disease, Macquarie Park, Australia
| | - Abhay K Singh
- Macquarie Business School, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thomas K Karikari
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Joel Simrén
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Nicola J Armstrong
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Eugene Hone
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Prita R Asih
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Centre for PET, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kevin Taddei
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,Australian Alzheimer's Research Foundation, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Vincent Doré
- eHealth, CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Nuclear Medicine and Centre for PET, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Victor L Villemagne
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Centre for PET, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hamid R Sohrabi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.,Australian Alzheimer's Research Foundation, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Future Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
| | - Colin L Masters
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ralph N Martins
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.,The Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton South, Australia.,KaRa Institute of Neurological Disease, Macquarie Park, Australia.,Australian Alzheimer's Research Foundation, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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21
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van Oostveen WM, de Lange ECM. Imaging Techniques in Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of Applications in Early Diagnosis and Longitudinal Monitoring. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042110. [PMID: 33672696 PMCID: PMC7924338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting many individuals worldwide with no effective treatment to date. AD is characterized by the formation of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, followed by neurodegeneration, which leads to cognitive decline and eventually death. INTRODUCTION In AD, pathological changes occur many years before disease onset. Since disease-modifying therapies may be the most beneficial in the early stages of AD, biomarkers for the early diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring of disease progression are essential. Multiple imaging techniques with associated biomarkers are used to identify and monitor AD. AIM In this review, we discuss the contemporary early diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring of AD with imaging techniques regarding their diagnostic utility, benefits and limitations. Additionally, novel techniques, applications and biomarkers for AD research are assessed. FINDINGS Reduced hippocampal volume is a biomarker for neurodegeneration, but atrophy is not an AD-specific measure. Hypometabolism in temporoparietal regions is seen as a biomarker for AD. However, glucose uptake reflects astrocyte function rather than neuronal function. Amyloid-β (Aβ) is the earliest hallmark of AD and can be measured with positron emission tomography (PET), but Aβ accumulation stagnates as disease progresses. Therefore, Aβ may not be a suitable biomarker for monitoring disease progression. The measurement of tau accumulation with PET radiotracers exhibited promising results in both early diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring, but large-scale validation of these radiotracers is required. The implementation of new processing techniques, applications of other imaging techniques and novel biomarkers can contribute to understanding AD and finding a cure. CONCLUSIONS Several biomarkers are proposed for the early diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring of AD with imaging techniques, but all these biomarkers have their limitations regarding specificity, reliability and sensitivity. Future perspectives. Future research should focus on expanding the employment of imaging techniques and identifying novel biomarkers that reflect AD pathology in the earliest stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wieke M. van Oostveen
- Faculty of Science, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Elizabeth C. M. de Lange
- Division of Systems Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-71-527-6330
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22
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Hurley NC, Spatz ES, Krumholz HM, Jafari R, Mortazavi BJ. A Survey of Challenges and Opportunities in Sensing and Analytics for Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disorders. ACM Trans Comput Healthc 2021; 2:9. [PMID: 34337602 PMCID: PMC8320445 DOI: 10.1145/3417958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disorders cause nearly one in three deaths in the United States. Short- and long-term care for these disorders is often determined in short-term settings. However, these decisions are made with minimal longitudinal and long-term data. To overcome this bias towards data from acute care settings, improved longitudinal monitoring for cardiovascular patients is needed. Longitudinal monitoring provides a more comprehensive picture of patient health, allowing for informed decision making. This work surveys sensing and machine learning in the field of remote health monitoring for cardiovascular disorders. We highlight three needs in the design of new smart health technologies: (1) need for sensing technologies that track longitudinal trends of the cardiovascular disorder despite infrequent, noisy, or missing data measurements; (2) need for new analytic techniques designed in a longitudinal, continual fashion to aid in the development of new risk prediction techniques and in tracking disease progression; and (3) need for personalized and interpretable machine learning techniques, allowing for advancements in clinical decision making. We highlight these needs based upon the current state of the art in smart health technologies and analytics. We then discuss opportunities in addressing these needs for development of smart health technologies for the field of cardiovascular disorders and care.
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23
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Markopoulou K, Aasly J, Chung SJ, Dardiotis E, Wirdefeldt K, Premkumar AP, Schoneburg B, Kartha N, Wilk G, Wei J, Simon KC, Tideman S, Epshteyn A, Hadsell B, Garduno L, Pham A, Frigerio R, Maraganore D. Longitudinal Monitoring of Parkinson's Disease in Different Ethnic Cohorts: The DodoNA and LONG-PD Study. Front Neurol 2020; 11:548. [PMID: 32733352 PMCID: PMC7358533 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Different factors influence severity, progression, and outcomes in Parkinson's disease (PD). Lack of standardized clinical assessment limits comparison of outcomes and availability of well-characterized cohorts for collaborative studies. Methods: Structured clinical documentation support (SCDS) was developed within the DNA Predictions to Improve Neurological Health (DodoNA) project to standardize clinical assessment and identify molecular predictors of disease progression. The Longitudinal Clinical and Genetic Study of Parkinson's Disease (LONG-PD) was launched within the Genetic Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease (GEoPD) consortium using a Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) format mirroring the DodoNA SCDS. Demographics, education, exposures, age at onset (AAO), Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) parts I-VI or Movement Disorders Society (MDS)-UPDRS, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)/Short Test of Mental Status (STMS)/Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), dopaminergic therapy, family history, nursing home placement, death and blood samples were collected. DodoNA participants (396) with 6 years of follow-up and 346 LONG-PD participants with up to 3 years of follow-up were analyzed using group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) focused on: AAO, education, family history, MMSE/MoCA/STMS, UPDRS II-II, UPDRS-III tremor and bradykinesia sub-scores, Hoehn and Yahr staging (H&Y) stage, disease subtype, dopaminergic therapy, and presence of autonomic symptoms. The analysis was performed with either cohort as the training/test set. Results: Patients are classified into slowly and rapidly progressing courses by AAO, MMSE score, H &Y stage, UPDRS-III tremor and bradykinesia sub-scores relatively early in the disease course. Late AAO and male sex assigned patients to the rapidly progressing group, whereas tremor to the slower progressing group. Classification is independent of which cohort serves as the training set. Frequencies of disease-causing variants in LRRK2 and GBA were 1.89 and 2.96%, respectively. Conclusions: Standardized clinical assessment provides accurate phenotypic characterization in pragmatic clinical settings. Trajectory analysis identified two different trajectories of disease progression and determinants of classification. Accurate phenotypic characterization is essential in interpreting genomic information that is generated within consortia, such as the GEoPD, formed to understand the genetic epidemiology of PD. Furthermore, the LONGPD study protocol has served as the prototype for collecting standardized phenotypic information at GEoPD sites. With genomic analysis, this will elucidate disease etiology and lead to targeted therapies that can improve disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Markopoulou
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Jan Aasly
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science and Department of Neurology, St Olav's Hospital, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sun Ju Chung
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Karin Wirdefeldt
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ashvini P. Premkumar
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Bernadette Schoneburg
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Ninith Kartha
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Gary Wilk
- Health Information Technology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Jun Wei
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Kelly Claire Simon
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Samuel Tideman
- Health Information Technology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Alexander Epshteyn
- Health Information Technology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Bryce Hadsell
- Health Information Technology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Lisette Garduno
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Anna Pham
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Roberta Frigerio
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Demetrius Maraganore
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States
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24
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Gao Z, Shang Y, Wang X, Ma Y, Yang F, Wang J, Chen K, Zhang Y. Application of circulating tumor DNA for dynamic monitoring of advanced non-small cell lung cancer treatment response: An open-label, multicenter, prospective, observational study protocol. Thorac Cancer 2019; 10:1310-1315. [PMID: 30980496 PMCID: PMC6501042 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 is currently considered the indicator to assess the curative effect of cancer. However, radiographic measurements often fail to detect tiny lesions or changes in the tumor burden, while tumor biomarkers possess low sensitivity and stability. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a potential noninvasive approach that can be used to make an earlier diagnosis, monitor disease progress, and determine treatment efficacy. Previous studies of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not clearly determined the optimum time to monitor ctDNA. Hence, the appropriate time to evaluate ctDNA to determine the curative effects of treatment in advanced NSCLC compared to conventional imaging and tumor markers should be explored in order to prevent unnecessary side effects and to avoid continuing ineffective therapies. This protocol outlines a prospective clinical trial in which advanced NSCLC patients will be recruited and longitudinal changes in ctDNA levels with changes in radiographic tumor size or tumor biomarkers will be assessed. ctDNA will be quantified by determining the allele fraction of cancer‐associated somatic mutations in plasma using multigene next‐generation sequencing assay. Conclusions will be drawn from data collection and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlin Gao
- Department of Oncology IV, First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanhong Shang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaozhen Wang
- Department of Radiology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, China
| | - Yuquan Ma
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Handan General Hospital, Handan, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kezhong Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology IV, First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
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25
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Abstract
Wearable sensors are already impacting healthcare and medicine by enabling health monitoring outside of the clinic and prediction of health events. This paper reviews current and prospective wearable technologies and their progress toward clinical application. We describe technologies underlying common, commercially available wearable sensors and early-stage devices and outline research, when available, to support the use of these devices in healthcare. We cover applications in the following health areas: metabolic, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal monitoring; sleep, neurology, movement disorders and mental health; maternal, pre- and neo-natal care; and pulmonary health and environmental exposures. Finally, we discuss challenges associated with the adoption of wearable sensors in the current healthcare ecosystem and discuss areas for future research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessilyn Dunn
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Mobilize Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Ryan Runge
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Mobilize Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Michael Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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26
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Russell KN, Mitchell NL, Anderson NG, Bunt CR, Wellby MP, Melzer TR, Barrell GK, Palmer DN. Computed tomography provides enhanced techniques for longitudinal monitoring of progressive intracranial volume loss associated with regional neurodegeneration in ovine neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. Brain Behav 2018; 8:e01096. [PMID: 30136763 PMCID: PMC6160654 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs; Batten disease) are a group of fatal neurodegenerative lysosomal storage diseases of children caused by various mutations in a range of genes. Forms associated with mutations in two of these, CLN5 and CLN6, are being investigated in well-established sheep models. Brain atrophy leading to psychomotor degeneration is among the defining features, as is regional progressive ossification of the inner cranium. Ongoing viral-mediated gene therapy trials in these sheep are yielding encouraging results. In vivo assessment of brain atrophy is integral to the longitudinal monitoring of individual animals and provides robust data for translation to treatments for humans. METHODS Computed tomography (CT)-based three-dimensional reconstruction of the intracranial volume (ICV) over time reflects the progression of cortical brain atrophy, verifying the use of ICV measurements as a surrogate measure for brain size in ovine NCL. RESULTS ICVs of NCL-affected sheep increase for the first few months, but then decline progressively between 5 and 13 months in CLN5-/- sheep and 11-15 months in CLN6-/- sheep. Cerebral ventricular volumes are also increased in affected animals. To facilitate ICV measures, the radiodensities of ovine brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid were identified. Ovine brain tissue exhibited a Hounsfield unit (HU) range of (24; 56) and cerebrospinal fluid a HU range of (-12; 23). CONCLUSIONS Computed tomography scanning and reconstruction verify that brain atrophy ovine CLN5 NCL originates in the occipital lobes with subsequent propagation throughout the whole cortex and these regional differences are reflected in the ICV loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina N Russell
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Nadia L Mitchell
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand.,Department of Radiology, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Nigel G Anderson
- Department of Radiology, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Craig R Bunt
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Martin P Wellby
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Tracy R Melzer
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.,New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Graham K Barrell
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - David N Palmer
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand.,Department of Radiology, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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27
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Huffaker MF, Carchia M, Harris BU, Kethman WC, Murphy TE, Sakarovitch CCD, Qin F, Cornfield DN. Passive Nocturnal Physiologic Monitoring Enables Early Detection of Exacerbations in Children with Asthma. A Proof-of-Concept Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2018; 198:320-328. [PMID: 29688023 PMCID: PMC6835062 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201712-2606oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Asthma management depends on prompt identification of symptoms, which challenges both patients and providers. In asthma, a misapprehension of health between exacerbations can compromise compliance. Thus, there is a need for a tool that permits objective longitudinal monitoring without increasing the burden of patient compliance. OBJECTIVES We sought to determine whether changes in nocturnal physiology are associated with asthma symptoms in pediatric patients. METHODS Using a contactless bed sensor, nocturnal heart rate (HR), respiratory rate, relative stroke volume, and movement in children with asthma 5-18 years of age (n = 16) were recorded. Asthma symptoms and asthma control test (ACT) score were reported every 2 weeks. Random forest model was used to identify physiologic parameters associated with asthma symptoms. Elastic net regression was used to identify variables associated with ACT score. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The model on the full cohort performed with sensitivity of 47.2%, specificity of 96.3%, and accuracy of 87.4%; HR and respiratory parameters were the most important variables in this model. The model predicted asthma symptoms 35% of the time on the day before perception of symptoms, and 100% of the time for a select subject for which the model performed with greater sensitivity. Multivariable and bivariable analyses demonstrated significant association between HR and respiratory rate parameters and ACT score. CONCLUSIONS Nocturnal physiologic changes correlate with asthma symptoms, supporting the notion that nocturnal physiologic monitoring represents an objective diagnostic tool capable of longitudinally assessing disease control and predicting asthma exacerbations in children with asthma at home.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bronwyn U. Harris
- Department of Pediatrics–Cardiology
- Tueo Health, Inc., San Francisco, California
| | | | | | | | | | - David N. Cornfield
- Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Division of Pulmonary, Asthma, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, California; and
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28
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Walther A, Penz M, Ijacic D, Rice TR. Bipolar Spectrum Disorders in Male Youth: The Interplay between Symptom Severity, Inflammation, Steroid Secretion, and Body Composition. Front Psychiatry 2017; 8:207. [PMID: 29093685 PMCID: PMC5651281 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The morbidity and societal burden of youth bipolar spectrum disorders (BSD) are high. These disorders are multisystemic in that adult populations there are clear interactions with inflammatory processes and steroidal physiological systems. There are much less data concerning these areas of study in youth populations with BSD. This is surprising given the association of youth-onset BSD with puberty and its associated physiological changes. In this mini-review, we overview the theoretical role of inflammatory processes and steroidal physiological systems in youth BSD, describe the greater literature in adult populations, detail the literature in youth populations when available, and overview current proposed molecular mechanistic pathways and interaction effects based on the available data. We also attend to the interplay of this complex system with body composition and weight gain, an especially important consideration in relation to the role of second generation antipsychotics as the first line treatment for youth with BSD in major clinical guidelines. A developmental model of early onset BSD for boys is hypothesized with pubertal hormonal changes increasing risk for first (hypo-)manic/depressive episode. The dramatic androgen rise during puberty might be relevant for first onset of BSD in boys. A shift from general hypercortisolism driven by glucocorticoid resistance to hypocortisolism with further disease progression is assumed, while increased levels of inflammation are functionally associated with endocrine dysregulation. The interacting role of overweight body habitus and obesity in youth with BSD further indicates leptin resistance to be a central moderator of the dynamic neurobiology of BSD in youth. The intent of this mini-review is to advance our knowledge of youth BSD as multisystemic disorders with important contributions from endocrinology and immunology based on a developmental perspective. This knowledge can influence current clinical care and more importantly inform future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Walther
- Department of Biological Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marlene Penz
- Department of Biological Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniela Ijacic
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Clinic Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Timothy R Rice
- Department of Psychiatry - Child and Adolescent Inpatient Service, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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29
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Cho IK, Wang S, Mao H, Chan AWS. Genetic engineered molecular imaging probes for applications in cell therapy: emphasis on MRI approach. Am J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 6:234-261. [PMID: 27766183 PMCID: PMC5069277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in stem cell-based regenerative medicine, cell replacement therapy, and genome editing technologies (i.e. CRISPR-Cas 9) have sparked great interest in in vivo cell monitoring. Molecular imaging promises a unique approach to noninvasively monitor cellular and molecular phenomena, including cell survival, migration, proliferation, and even differentiation at the whole organismal level. Several imaging modalities and strategies have been explored for monitoring cell grafts in vivo. We begin this review with an introduction describing the progress in stem cell technology, with a perspective toward cell replacement therapy. The importance of molecular imaging in reporting and assessing the status of cell grafts and their relation to the local microenvironment is highlighted since the current knowledge gap is one of the major obstacles in clinical translation of stem cell therapy. Based on currently available imaging techniques, we provide a brief discussion on the pros and cons of each imaging modality used for monitoring cell grafts with particular emphasis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the reporter gene approach. Finally, we conclude with a comprehensive discussion of future directions of applying molecular imaging in regenerative medicine to emphasize further the importance of correlating cell graft conditions and clinical outcomes to advance regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- In K Cho
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of MedicineAtlanta, GA, USA
- Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Yerkes National Primate Research CenterAtlanta, GA, USA
| | - Silun Wang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of MedicineAtlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hui Mao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of MedicineAtlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anthony WS Chan
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of MedicineAtlanta, GA, USA
- Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Yerkes National Primate Research CenterAtlanta, GA, USA
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30
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Amodeo S, Mainland BJ, Herrmann N, Shulman KI. The Times They Are a-Changin': Clock Drawing and Prediction of Dementia. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2015; 28:145-55. [PMID: 25319477 DOI: 10.1177/0891988714554709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Identification of individuals who will eventually develop dementia is critical for early intervention, treatment, and care planning. The clock drawing test (CDT) is a widely used cognitive screening tool that has been well accepted among clinicians and patients for its ease of use and short administration time. This review explores the value of the CDT for predicting the later development of dementia in cognitively intact older adults and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Additionally, we reviewed studies that examined the ability of the CDT to monitor declines in cognitive functioning over time. A PubMed literature search for articles that included a longitudinal analysis of the CDT was conducted. The search included articles published up to June 2013 and manual cross-referencing of bibliographies. Relevant studies were categorized, summarized, and critiqued. The consensus from the studies reviewed suggests that the CDT is a useful measure of cognitive decline over time. Conceptual clock drawing errors (eg, misrepresentation of time) detected this decline most effectively. In addition, the CDT appears to differentiate at baseline between cognitively intact older adults who will develop dementia up to 2 years postbaseline. Finally, the CDT has been found to differentiate between patients with MCI who will progress to dementia up to 6 years postbaseline. The CDT appears useful for the longitudinal assessment of cognitive impairment and together with other validated measures may be helpful for predicting conversion to dementia. Cost-effective and practical ways of predicting risk of dementia will become increasingly critical as we develop disease-modifying treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Amodeo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian J Mainland
- Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kenneth I Shulman
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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31
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Cho IK, Moran SP, Paudyal R, Piotrowska-Nitsche K, Cheng PH, Zhang X, Mao H, Chan AW. Longitudinal monitoring of stem cell grafts in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging with inducible maga as a genetic reporter. Am J Cancer Res 2014; 4:972-89. [PMID: 25161700 PMCID: PMC4143941 DOI: 10.7150/thno.9436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The ability to longitudinally monitor cell grafts and assess their condition is critical for the clinical translation of stem cell therapy in regenerative medicine. Developing an inducible genetic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reporter will enable non-invasive and longitudinal monitoring of stem cell grafts in vivo. METHODS MagA, a bacterial gene involved in the formation of iron oxide nanocrystals, was genetically modified for in vivo monitoring of cell grafts by MRI. Inducible expression of MagA was regulated by a Tet-On (Tet) switch. A mouse embryonic stem cell-line carrying Tet-MagA (mESC-MagA) was established by lentivirus transduction. The impact of expressing MagA in mESCs was evaluated via proliferation assay, cytotoxicity assay, teratoma formation, MRI, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Mice were grafted with mESCs with and without MagA (mESC-MagA and mESC-WT). The condition of cell grafts with induced "ON" and non-induced "OFF" expression of MagA was longitudinally monitored in vivo using a 7T MRI scanner. After imaging, whole brain samples were harvested for histological assessment. RESULTS Expression of MagA in mESCs resulted in significant changes in the transverse relaxation rate (R2 or 1/T2) and susceptibility weighted MRI contrast. The pluripotency of mESCs carrying MagA was not affected in vitro or in vivo. Intracranial mESC-MagA grafts generated sufficient T2 and susceptibility weighted contrast at 7T. The mESC-MagA grafts can be monitored by MRI longitudinally upon induced expression of MagA by administering doxycycline (Dox) via diet. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate MagA could be used to monitor cell grafts noninvasively, longitudinally, and repetitively, enabling the assessment of cell graft conditions in vivo.
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32
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Yang TD, Hutchinson SA, Rice LA, Watkin KL, Jan YK. Development of a Scalable Monitoring System for Wheelchair Tilt-in-Space Usage. Int J Phys Med Rehabil 2013; 1:129. [PMID: 25309944 PMCID: PMC4190843 DOI: 10.4172/jpmr.1000129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim D. Yang
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
- Program in Computational Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
| | - Seth A. Hutchinson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
| | - Laura A. Rice
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
- Division of Disability Resources and Educational Services, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
| | - Kenneth L. Watkin
- Center on Health, Aging, and Disability, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
| | - Yih-Kuen Jan
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
- Program in Computational Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
- Center on Health, Aging, and Disability, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
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