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Gu X, Zhang S, Ma W. Prussian blue nanotechnology in the treatment of spinal cord injury: application and challenges. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1474711. [PMID: 39323764 PMCID: PMC11422158 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1474711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious neurological condition that currently lacks effective treatments, placing a heavy burden on both patients and society. Prussian blue nanoparticles exhibit great potential for treating spinal cord injuries due to their excellent physicochemical properties and biocompatibility. These nanoparticles have strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capabilities, effectively scavenge free radicals, and reduce oxidative stress damage to cells. Prussian blue nanotechnology shows broad application potential in drug delivery, bioimaging, cancer therapy, anti-inflammatory and oxidative stress treatment, and biosensors. This article reviewed the potential applications of Prussian blue nanotechnology in treating spinal cord injuries, explored the challenges and solutions associated with its application, and discussed the future prospects of this technology in SCI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoPeng Gu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Orthopedics, NingBo NO.6 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Guhechuan Hospital, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
- Zhoushan Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - SongOu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - WeiHu Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, NingBo NO.6 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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2
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Wang QL, Meng LC, Zhao Z, Du JF, Li P, Jiang Y, Li HJ. Ultrasensitive upconverting nanoprobes for in situ imaging of drug-induced liver injury using miR-122 as the biomarker. Talanta 2024; 274:126108. [PMID: 38640602 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a frequent adverse drug reaction. The current clinical diagnostic methods are inadequate for accurate and early detection of DILI due to the lack of effective diagnostic biomarkers. Hepatocyte-specific miR-122 is released from injured hepatocytes promptly and its efflux is significantly correlated with the progression of DILI. Therefore, achieving precise in situ detection of miR-122 with high sensitivity is vital for early visualization of DILI. Herein, a new nanoprobe, consisting of miR-122 aptamer, upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) was introduced for the early and sensitive detection of DILI in situ. As the nanoprobes reached in the liver, miR-122 aptamer-based entropy-driven strand displacement (ESDR) signal amplification reaction was triggered and luminescence resonance energy transfer (LRET) between UCNPs and PBNPs was responded to achieve the high-fidelity detection of DILI. A negative correlation was observed between the intensity of upconversion luminescence (UCL) and the concentration of miR-122. UCL imaging conducted both in vivo and ex vivo indicated that a reduction in miR-122 concentration led to an increase in UCL intensity, revealing a precise state of DILI. The detection technique demonstrated a positive correlation between signal intensity and severity, offering a more straightforward and intuitive method of visualizing DILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ling-Chang Meng
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jin-Fa Du
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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3
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Zhou Y, Xu L, Jin P, Li N, Chen X, Yang A, Qi H. NET-targeted nanoparticles for antithrombotic therapy in pregnancy. iScience 2024; 27:109823. [PMID: 38756418 PMCID: PMC11097077 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary embolism caused by deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a major contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality. There is still an unmet need for safe and effective treatment options for DVT during pregnancy. Recent research has shown that neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation plays a very vital role in thrombosis. We created nanoparticles surface-modified by neutrophil elastase (NE)-binding peptide that can target activated neutrophils specifically in vitro and in vivo. Prussian blue nanoparticles (PB NPs) designed in the core scavenges abnormally elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the vascular microenvironment and acts as a photothermal agent to mediate photothermal therapy (PTT) to damage fibrin network structure. Based on the data we have included, this noninvasive therapeutic approach is considered safe for both mothers and the fetus. Furthermore, our findings indicate that this therapeutic approach has a significant alleviation effect on intrauterine growth restriction caused by maternal thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Department of Reproductive Medicine, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guiyang 550003, China
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Department of Reproductive Medicine, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guiyang 550003, China
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Pingsong Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Xuehai Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Anyu Yang
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Ma S, Xu W, Fei Y, Li D, Jia X, Wang J, Wang E. Mn 2+ /Ir 3+ -Doped and CaCO 3 -Covered Prussian Blue Nanoparticles with Indocyanine Green Encapsulation for Tumor Microenvironment Modulation and Image-Guided Synergistic Cancer Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301413. [PMID: 37657182 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of smart theranostic nanoplatforms has gained great interest in effective cancer treatment against the complex tumor microenvironment (TME), including weak acidity, hypoxia, and glutathione (GSH) overexpression. Herein, a TME-responsive nanoplatform named PMICApt /ICG, based on PB:Mn&Ir@CaCO3 Aptamer /ICG, is designed for the competent synergistic photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) under the guidance of photothermal and magnetic resonance imaging. The nanoplatform's aptamer modification targeting the transferrin receptor and the epithelial cell adhesion molecule on breast cancer cells, and the acid degradable CaCO3 shell allow for effective tumor accumulation and TME-responsive payload release in situ. The nanoplatform also exhibits excellent PDT properties due to its ability to generate O2 and consume antioxidant GSH in tumors. Additionally, the synergistic therapy is achieved by a single wavelength of near-infrared laser. RNA sequencing is performed to identify differentially expressed genes, which show that the expressions of proliferation and migration-associated genes are inhibited, while the apoptosis and immune response gene expressions are upregulated after the synergistic treatments. This multifunctional nanoplatform that responds to the TME to realize the on-demand payload release and enhance PDT induced by TME modulation holds great promise for clinical applications in tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaining Ma
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials (W. Xu), Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Weiguo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials (W. Xu), Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yunwei Fei
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials (W. Xu), Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiuna Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials (W. Xu), Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, USA
| | - Erkang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials (W. Xu), Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
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5
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Su X, You Q, Zhuang L, Chang Z, Ge M, Yang L, Dong WF. Bifunctional electrochemical biosensor based on PB-MXene films for the real-time analysis and detection of living cancer cells. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 234:115479. [PMID: 37454502 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are important prognostic markers for cancer diagnosis and metastasis, and their detection is an important means to detect cancer metastasis. Herein, we construct a novel bifunctional electrochemical biosensor based on the PB-MXene composite films. A simple electrostatic self-assembly approach was employed to prepare a film composed of PB nanocubes on the MXene substrates. Given that the PB is an artificial peroxidase for H2O2 sensing, the PB-MXene films can realize the real-time monitoring of H2O2 secretion from living CTCs. Besides, the anti-CEA attached biosensors can be utilized to quantify the corresponding CTCs. The synergic effects of the MXene with a large specific area and PB with enzyme-free catalysis for H2O2 resulted in PB-MXene films exhibiting high electrocatalytic and low cytotoxicity for both H2O2 sensing and living CTCs capturing. As a result, the biosensor shows a low detection limit of 0.57 μM towards H2O2 with a wide linear range (1 μM to 500 μM), as well as an excellent sensing performance for CTCs (an extremely low detection limit of 9 cells/mL in a wide linear range of 1.3 ×101 to 1.3 ×106 cells/mL). Moreover, the prepared biosensor showed satisfactory stability and anti-interference ability for potential applications in clinical cancer diagnosis and tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Su
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou 215163, PR China
| | - Qiannan You
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou 215163, PR China
| | - Linlin Zhuang
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou 215163, PR China
| | - Zhimin Chang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou 215163, PR China
| | - Mingfeng Ge
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou 215163, PR China
| | - Li Yang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, PR China.
| | - Wen-Fei Dong
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou 215163, PR China.
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6
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El-Zahry MR, Ali MFB. NiFe-based Prussian blue analogue nanopolygons hybridized with functionalized glyoxal polymer as a voltammetric platform for the determination of amisulpride in biological samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:1559-1570. [PMID: 36807994 PMCID: PMC9942618 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04559-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
A novel voltammetric platform based on pencil graphite electrode (PGE) modification has been proposed, containing bimetallic (NiFe) Prussian blue analogue nanopolygons decorated with electro-polymerized glyoxal polymer nanocomposites (p-DPG NCs@NiFe PBA Ns/PGE). Cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and square wave voltammetry (SWV) were utilized to investigate the electrochemical performance of the proposed sensor. The analytical response of p-DPG NCs@NiFe PBA Ns/PGE was evaluated through the quantity of amisulpride (AMS), one of the most common antipsychotic drugs. Under the optimized experimental and instrumental conditions, the method showed linearity over the range from 0.5 to 15 × 10-8 mol L-1 with a good correlation coefficient (R = 0.9995) and a low detection limit (LOD) reached, 1.5 nmol L-1, with excellent relative standard deviation for human plasma and urine samples. The interference effect of some potentially interfering substances was negligible, and the sensing platform demonstrated an outstanding reproducibility, stability, and reusability. As a first trial, the proposed electrode aimed to shed light on the AMS oxidation mechanism, where the oxidation mechanism was monitored and elucidated using the FTIR technique. It was also found that the prepared p-DPG NCs@NiFe PBA Ns/PGE platform had promising applications for the simultaneous determination of AMS in the presence of some co-administered COVID-19 drugs, which could be attributed to the large active surface area, and high conductivity of bimetallic nanopolygons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa R El-Zahry
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Assiut, Assiut, 2014101, Egypt.
| | - Marwa F B Ali
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
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7
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Chen C, Chen Y, Wang X, Zhang L, Luo Y, Tang Q, Wang Y, Liang X, Ma C. In situ synthesized nanozyme for photoacoustic-imaging-guided photothermal therapy and tumor hypoxia relief. iScience 2023; 26:106066. [PMID: 36818293 PMCID: PMC9929682 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanozymes have attracted extensive research interest due to their ideal enzymatic catalytic performance; however, uncontrollable activities and nonspecific accumulation limit their further clinical application. To overcome these obstacles, we proposed in situ synthesized nanozyme, and realized the concept through an intelligent nanosystem (ISSzyme) based on Prussian blue (PB) precursor. PB nanozyme was synthesized at the tumor sites through the interaction of ISSzyme with glutathione, which was demonstrated by comparing with conventional PB nanozyme. ISSzyme is capable of tumor-specific photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and photothermal therapy (PTT), reducing the false-positive signals of PAI and the treatment side effects of PTT. ISSzyme has catalase-like activities, resulting in tumor hypoxia relief and metastasis inhibition. More importantly, the in situ synthesized PB nanozyme has the favorable property of minimal liver accumulation. Considering the above advantages, ISSzyme is expected to shed light on the design of the next-generation artificial enzymes, with many new biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyi Chen
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuwen Chen
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xuanhao Wang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qingshuang Tang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaolong Liang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China,Corresponding author
| | - Cheng Ma
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China,Institute for Precision Healthcare, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China,Corresponding author
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8
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Chen Y, Wang Z, Wang X, Su M, Xu F, Yang L, Jia L, Zhang Z. Advances in Antitumor Nano-Drug Delivery Systems of 10-Hydroxycamptothecin. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:4227-4259. [PMID: 36134205 PMCID: PMC9482956 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s377149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
10-Hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) is a natural plant alkaloid from Camptotheca that shows potent antitumor activity by targeting intracellular topoisomerase I. However, factors such as instability of the lactone ring and insolubility in water have limited the clinical application of this drug. In recent years, unprecedented advances in biomedical nanotechnology have facilitated the development of nano drug delivery systems. It has been found that nanomedicine can significantly improve the stability and water solubility of HCPT. NanoMedicines with different diagnostic and therapeutic functions have been developed to significantly improve the anticancer effect of HCPT. In this paper, we collected reports on HCPT nanomedicines against tumors in the past decade. Based on current research advances, we dissected the current status and limitations of HCPT nanomedicines development and looked forward to future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Chen
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhi Wang
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingliang Su
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Xu
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian Yang
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Jia
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanxia Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
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9
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Fang D, Liu Z, Jin H, Huang X, Shi Y, Ben S. Manganese-Based Prussian Blue Nanocatalysts Suppress Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Growth and Metastasis via Photothermal and Chemodynamic Therapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:939158. [PMID: 35814022 PMCID: PMC9257087 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.939158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the safety of prussian blue (PB) in biomedical application, we prepared manganese-based prussian blue (MnPB) nanocatalysts to achieve enhanced photothermal therapy and chemodynamic therapy. And we conducted a series of experiments to explore the therapeutic effects of MnPB nanoparticles (NPs) on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in vivo and in vitro. For in vitro experiments, the MnPB NPs suppressed growth of A549 cells by reactive oxygen species upregulation and near-infrared irradiation. Moreover, the MnPB NPs could inhibit lung cancer metastasis through downregulating the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 expression in A549 cells. And for in vivo experiments, the MnPB NPs inhibited the growth of xenografted tumor effectively and were biologically safe. Meanwhile, Mn2+ as a T1-weighted agent could realize magnetic resonance imaging-guided diagnosis and treatment. To sum up, the results in this study clearly demonstrated that the MnPB NPs had remarkable effects for inhibiting the growth and metastasis of NSCLC and might serve as a promising multifunctional nanoplatform for NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danruo Fang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeyu Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hansong Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiulin Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongxin Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Suqin Ben
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Suqin Ben,
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10
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Zhang W, Wang J, Xie Z, Zou H, Chen Q, Xu L, Hu L, Fang N, Xu J, Zhou J, Liu J, Ran H, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Guo D. Antithrombotic Therapy by Regulating the ROS-Mediated Thrombosis Microenvironment and Specific Nonpharmaceutical Thrombolysis Using Prussian Blue Nanodroplets. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2106252. [PMID: 35246943 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In thrombotic diseases, the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress as a "perpetrator" in thrombosis must be resolved. Accordingly, an insufficient understanding of thrombus therapy prompted the authors to pursue a more comprehensive and efficient antithrombotic treatment strategy. A Prussian blue (PB)-based nanodroplet system (PB-PFP@PC) is designed using PB and perfluorinated pentane (PFP) in the core, and a targeting peptide (CREKA, Cys-Arg-Glu-Lys-Ala) is attached to poly(lactic-coglycolic acid) (PLGA) as the delivery carrier shell. Upon near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation, PB and PFP jointly achieve an unprecedented dual strategy for drug-free thrombolysis: photothermal therapy (PTT) combined with optical droplet vaporization (ODV). PB, a nanoenzyme, also regulates the vascular microenvironment via its antioxidant activity to continuously scavenge abnormally elevated ROS and correspondingly reduce inflammatory factors in the thrombus site. This study provides a demonstration of not only the potential of ODV in thrombus therapy but also the mechanism underlying PTT thrombolysis due to thermal ablation-induced fibrin network structural damage. Moreover, PB catalyzes ROS to generate oxygen (O2 ), which combines with the ODV effect, enhancing the ultrasound signal. Thus, regulation of the thrombosis microenvironment combined with specific nonpharmaceutical thrombolysis by PB nanodroplets provides a more comprehensive and efficient antithrombotic therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Junrui Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Zhuoyan Xie
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing General Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 401121, China
| | - Hongmi Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Qiaoqi Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging & Department of Ultrasound, The Second Clinical Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Lian Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Liu Hu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Ni Fang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Haitao Ran
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging & Department of Ultrasound, The Second Clinical Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging & Department of Ultrasound, The Second Clinical Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Dajing Guo
- Department of Radiology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
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11
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Li X, Geng X, Chen Z, Yuan Z. Recent advances in glioma microenvironment-response nanoplatforms for phototherapy and sonotherapy. Pharmacol Res 2022; 179:106218. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Zhou T, Yang X, Chen Z, Yang Y, Wang X, Cao X, Chen C, Han C, Tian H, Qin A, Fu J, Zhao J. Prussian Blue Nanoparticles Stabilize SOD1 from Ubiquitination-Proteasome Degradation to Rescue Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105466. [PMID: 35128840 PMCID: PMC8981911 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Discography often destroys the hypoxic environment in the intervertebral disc and accelerates intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Therefore, it often fails to meet the requirements for application in clinical practice. This technology mainly increases the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the IVD. As so, it is particularly critical to develop strategies to avoid this degeneration mechanism. Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) are found to enhance development under magnetic resonance T1 and have antioxidant enzyme activity. The key results of the present study confirm that PBNPs alleviate intracellular oxidative stress and increase the intracellular activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1). PBNPs can rescue nucleus pulposus cell degeneration by increasing oxidoreductase system-related mRNA and proteins, especially by stabilizing SOD1 from ubiquitination-proteasome degradation, thus improving the mitochondrial structure to increase antioxidation ability, and finally rescuing ROS-induced IVDD in a rat model. Therefore, it is considered that PBNPs can be a potential antioxidation-protective discography contrast agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangjun Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic ImplantsDepartment of OrthopedicsNinth People's HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RoadShanghai200011P. R. China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic ImplantsDepartment of OrthopedicsNinth People's HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RoadShanghai200011P. R. China
| | - Zhiqian Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic ImplantsDepartment of OrthopedicsNinth People's HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RoadShanghai200011P. R. China
| | - Yangzi Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic ImplantsDepartment of OrthopedicsNinth People's HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RoadShanghai200011P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic ImplantsDepartment of OrthopedicsNinth People's HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RoadShanghai200011P. R. China
| | - Xiankun Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic ImplantsDepartment of OrthopedicsNinth People's HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RoadShanghai200011P. R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic ImplantsDepartment of OrthopedicsNinth People's HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RoadShanghai200011P. R. China
| | - Chen Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic ImplantsDepartment of OrthopedicsNinth People's HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RoadShanghai200011P. R. China
| | - Haijun Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic ImplantsDepartment of OrthopedicsNinth People's HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RoadShanghai200011P. R. China
| | - An Qin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic ImplantsDepartment of OrthopedicsNinth People's HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RoadShanghai200011P. R. China
| | - Jingke Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic ImplantsDepartment of OrthopedicsNinth People's HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RoadShanghai200011P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic ImplantsDepartment of OrthopedicsNinth People's HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RoadShanghai200011P. R. China
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13
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Shen W, Han G, Yu L, Yang S, Li X, Zhang W, Pei P. Combined Prussian Blue Nanozyme Carriers Improve Photodynamic Therapy and Effective Interruption of Tumor Metastasis. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:1397-1408. [PMID: 35369032 PMCID: PMC8964450 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s359156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Shen
- Department of Oncology, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People’s Hospital), Taizhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gaohua Han
- Department of Oncology, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People’s Hospital), Taizhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Oncology, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People’s Hospital), Taizhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Oncology, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People’s Hospital), Taizhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangyi Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People’s Hospital), Taizhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People’s Hospital), Taizhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Wei Zhang; Pei Pei, Email ;
| | - Pei Pei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Pallavicini P, Chirico G, Taglietti A. Harvesting Light To Produce Heat: Photothermal Nanoparticles for Technological Applications and Biomedical Devices. Chemistry 2021; 27:15361-15374. [PMID: 34406677 PMCID: PMC8597085 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The photothermal properties of nanoparticles (NPs), that is, their ability to convert absorbed light into heat, have been studied since the end of the last century, mainly on gold NPs. In the new millennium, these studies have developed into a burst of research dedicated to the photothermal ablation of tumors. However, beside this strictly medical theme, research has also flourished in the connected areas of photothermal antibacterial surface coatings, gels and polymers, of photothermal surfaces for cell stimulation, as well as in purely technological areas that do not involve medical biotechnology. These include the direct conversion of solar light into heat, a more efficient sun-powered generation of steam and the use of inkjet-printed patterns of photothermal NPs for anticounterfeit printing based on temperature reading, to cite but a few. After an analysis of the photothermal effect (PTE) and its mechanism, this minireview briefly considers the antitumor-therapy theme and takes an in-depth look at all the other technological and biomedical applications of the PTE, paying particular attention to photothermal materials whose NPs have joined those based on Au.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giuseppe Chirico
- Department of Physics “G. Occhialini”Università Milano Bicoccap.zza della Scienza 3XX100MilanoItaly
| | - Angelo Taglietti
- Department of ChemistryUniversità degli Studi di Paviav. Taramelli 1227100PaviaItaly
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15
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Liu R, Sang L, Wang T, Liu Y, Wang Z, Li J, Wang D. Phase-change mesoporous Prussian blue nanoparticles for loading paclitaxel and chemo-photothermal therapy of cancer. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 207:112018. [PMID: 34391167 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Complete treatment of cancer remains a major challenge today. Herein, a biocompatible drug delivery system named as PCM + PTX@mPBs/PEG was constructed. In this system, Paclitaxel (PTX) was blended with phase-change material (PCM) and loaded in mesoporous Prussian blue nanoparticles (mPBs), and chelated with polyethylene glycol at surface. The blank PCM@mPBs/PEG had uniform particle size distribution, large pore size to load drug, excellent photothermal efficiency and good biocompatibility. After loading PTX, PCM + PTX@mPBs/PEG was demonstrated with a high loading capacity and the drug presented temperature-responsive release characteristics. In addition, PTX can be released under the exposure of an NIR laser. In vitro cell experiments showed that nanoparticles can be exposed to near-infrared irradiation to increase uptake in cells, which enhanced anticancer activity. After tail vein injection of PCM + PTX@mPBs/PEG suspension in tumor-bearing mice, PCM + PTX@mPBs/PEG can accumulate at the tumor site through passive transport. The tumor was effectively suppressed by phototherapy and chemotherapy with few side effects. In summary, compared with photothermal therapy or chemotherapy alone, the prepared PCM + PTX@mPBs/PEG showed synergistic photothermal and chemotherapeutic effects on cancer treatment of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Lihong Sang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Tianying Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yinghui Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Zheran Wang
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Auburn University, 221 Parker Hall, Auburn, AL, 36849, United States.
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Dongkai Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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16
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The 3M Concept: Biomedical Translational Imaging from Molecules to Mouse to Man. THE EUROBIOTECH JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/ebtj-2021-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Imaging keeps pervading biomedical sciences from the nanoscale to the bedside. Connecting the hierarchical levels of biomedicine with relevant imaging approaches, however, remains a challenge.
Here we present a concept, called “3M”, which can deliver a question, formulated at the bedside, across the wide-ranging hierarchical organization of the living organism, from the molecular level, through the small-animal scale, to whole-body human functional imaging. We present an example of nanoparticle development pipeline extending from atomic force microscopy to pre-clinical whole body imaging methods to highlight the essential features of the 3M concept, which integrates multi-scale resolution and quantification into a single logical process.
Using the nanoscale to human clinical whole body approach, we present the successful development, characterisation and application of Prussian Blue nanoparticles for a variety of imaging modalities, extending it to isotope payload quantification and shape-biodistribution relationships.
The translation of an idea from the bedside to the molecular level and back requires a set of novel combinatorial imaging methodologies interconnected into a logical pipeline. The proposed integrative molecules-to-mouse-to-man (3M) approach offers a promising, clinically oriented toolkit that lends the prospect of obtaining an ever-increasing amount of correlated information from as small a voxel of the human body as possible.
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17
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Estelrich J, Busquets MA. Prussian Blue: A Nanozyme with Versatile Catalytic Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115993. [PMID: 34206067 PMCID: PMC8198601 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanozymes, nanomaterials with enzyme-like activities, are becoming powerful competitors and potential substitutes for natural enzymes because of their excellent performance. Nanozymes offer better structural stability over their respective natural enzymes. In consequence, nanozymes exhibit promising applications in different fields such as the biomedical sector (in vivo diagnostics/and therapeutics) and the environmental sector (detection and remediation of inorganic and organic pollutants). Prussian blue nanoparticles and their analogues are metal–organic frameworks (MOF) composed of alternating ferric and ferrous irons coordinated with cyanides. Such nanoparticles benefit from excellent biocompatibility and biosafety. Besides other important properties, such as a highly porous structure, Prussian blue nanoparticles show catalytic activities due to the iron atom that acts as metal sites for the catalysis. The different states of oxidation are responsible for the multicatalytic activities of such nanoparticles, namely peroxidase-like, catalase-like, and superoxide dismutase-like activities. Depending on the catalytic performance, these nanoparticles can generate or scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Estelrich
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Avda Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain;
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - M. Antònia Busquets
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Avda Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain;
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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18
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Fan S, Jiang X, Yang M, Wang X. Sensitive colorimetric assay for the determination of alkaline phosphatase activity utilizing nanozyme based on copper nanoparticle-modified Prussian blue. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:3955-3963. [PMID: 33885935 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03347-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanozyme based on Prussian blue nanocubes (PB NCs) loaded with copper nanoparticles (Cu@PB NCs) was synthesized. The peroxidase (POD)-like activity of Cu@PB NCs was studied and utilized for detecting the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The Cu@PB NCs possess higher POD-like activity compared with PB NCs and natural horseradish peroxidase (HRP) due to the loading of copper nanoparticles. 3,3',5,5'-Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) can be oxidized to oxTMB in the presence of Cu@PB NCs and H2O2, generating blue-colored compound, while introduction of pyrophosphate (PPi) leads to the POD-like activity of Cu@PB NCs decreased obviously. In the presence of ALP, PPi was hydrolyzed and then the POD-like activity of Cu@PB NCs was restored. So, according to the change of the POD-like activity of Cu@PB NCs, a sensitive colorimetric assay for ALP activity was reported. The limit of detection of the assay is 0.08 mU/mL, with linear range from 0.1 to 50 mU/mL. In addition, the assay was also applied for screening the inhibitors of ALP. Nanozyme based on Prussian blue nanocube (PB NCs) loaded with copper nanoparticles was synthesized and utilized for detecting the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Fan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Xingxing Jiang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Minghui Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China.
| | - Xianggui Wang
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
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