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Zhang J, Li M, Li C, Lyu M, Xuan X, Li H. Electrochemical needle sensor based on a B, N co-doped graphene microelectrode array for the on-site detection of salicylic acid in fruits and vegetables. Food Chem 2024; 449:139264. [PMID: 38593724 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a microelectrode array sensor based on boron and nitrogen co-doped vertical graphene (BNVG) was assembled to quantify salicylic acid (SA) in living plants. The influence of B and N contents on the electrochemical reaction kinetics and SA response signal was investigated. A microneedle sensor with three optimized BNVG microelectrodes (3.57 at.% B and 3.27 at.% N) was used to quantitatively analyze SA in the 0.5-100 μM concentration range and pH 4.0-9.0, with limits of detection of 0.14-0.18 μM. Additionally, a quantitative electrochemical model database based on the BNVG microelectrode sensor was constructed to monitor the growth of cucumbers and cauliflowers, which confirmed that the SA level and plant growth rate were positively correlated. Moreover, the SA levels in various vegetables and fruits purchased from the market were measured to demonstrate the practical application prospects for on-site inspection and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Devices, School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Mingji Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Devices, School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, PR China.
| | - Cuiping Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Devices, School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Mingjie Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Xiuwei Xuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Devices, School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Hongji Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, PR China.
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Tang L, Li D, Liu W, Tang Y, Zhang R, Tian Y, Tan R, Yang X, Sun L. Microneedle electrochemical sensor based on disposable stainless-steel wire for real-time analysis of indole-3-acetic acid and salicylic acid in tomato leaves infected by Pst DC3000 in situ. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1316:342875. [PMID: 38969433 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and salicylic acid (SA), pivotal regulators in plant growth, are integral to a variety of plant physiological activities. The ongoing and simultaneous monitoring of these hormones in vivo enhances our comprehension of their interactive and regulatory roles. Traditional detection methods, such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, cannot obtain precise and immediate information on IAA and SA due to the complexity of sample processing. In contrast, the electrochemical detection method offers high sensitivity, rapid response times, and compactness, making it well-suited for in vivo or real-time detection applications. RESULTS A microneedle electrochemical sensor system crafted from disposable stainless steel (SS) wire was specifically designed for the real-time assessment of IAA and SA in plant in situ. This sensor system included a SS wire (100 μm diameter) coated with carbon cement and multi-walled carbon nanotubes, a plain platinum wire (100 μm diameter), and an Ag/AgCl wire (100 μm diameter). Differential pulse voltammetry and amperometry were adopted for detecting SA and IAA within the range of 0.1-20 μM, respectively. This sensor was applied to track IAA and SA fluctuations in tomato leaves during PstDC3000 infection, offering continuous data. Observations indicated an uptick in SA levels following infection, while IAA production was suppressed. The newly developed disposable SS wire-based microneedle electrochemical sensor system is economical, suitable for mass production, and inflicts minimal damage during the monitoring of SA and IAA in plant tissues. SIGNIFICANCE This disposable microneedle electrochemical sensor facilitates in vivo detection of IAA and SA in smaller plant tissues and allows for long-time monitoring of their concentrations, which not only propels research into the regulatory and interaction mechanisms of IAA and SA but also furnishes essential tools for advancing precision agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjuan Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China; Analysis and Testing Center, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Daodong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Yihui Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Rongcheng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Yiran Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Rong Tan
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China.
| | - Lijun Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China.
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Water Soluble PMPC-Derived Bright Fluorescent Nitrogen/Phosphorous-Doped Carbon Dots for Fluorescent Ink (Anti-Counterfeiting) and Cellular Multicolor Imaging. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061352. [PMID: 36987134 PMCID: PMC10058053 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, a simple one-step hydrothermal-assisted carbonization process was adopted for the preparation of nitrogen/phosphorous-doped carbon dots from a water-soluble polymer, poly 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl phosphorylcholine (PMPC). By the free-radical polymerization method, PMPC was synthesized using 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and 4,4′-azobis (4-cyanovaleric acid). The water-soluble polymers, PMPC, that have nitrogen/phosphorus moieties are used to prepare carbon dots (P-CDs). The resulting P-CDs were thoroughly characterized by various analytical techniques such as field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), high-resolution transmittance electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy to determine their structural and optical properties. The synthesized P-CDs displayed bright/durable fluorescence, were stable for long periods, and confirmed the enrichment of functionalities including oxygen, phosphorus, and nitrogen heteroatoms in the carbon matrix. Since the synthesized P-CDs showed bright fluorescence with excellent photostability, excitation-dependent fluorescence emission, and excellent quantum yield (23%), it has been explored as a fluorescent (security) ink for drawing and writing (anti-counterfeiting). Further, cytotoxicity study results advised for biocompatibility and thus were used for cellular multicolor imaging in nematodes. This work not only demonstrated the preparation of CDs from polymers that can be used as advanced fluorescence ink, a bioimaging agent for anti-counterfeiting, and cellular multicolor imaging candidate, but additionally prominently opened a new perspective on the bulk preparation of CDs simply and efficiently for various applications.
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Chen Y, Sun Y, Niu Y, Wang B, Zhang Z, Zeng L, Li L, sun W. Portable Electrochemical Sensing of Indole‐3‐acetic Acid Based on Self‐assembled MXene and Multi‐walled Carbon Nanotubes Composite Modified Screen‐printed Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202200279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lin Li
- Hainan Normal University CHINA
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Kuang Y, Li M, Hu S, Yang L, Liang Z, Wang J, Jiang H, Zhou X, Su Z. One-Step Co-Electrodeposition of Copper Nanoparticles-Chitosan Film-Carbon Nanoparticles-Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Composite for Electroanalysis of Indole-3-Acetic Acid and Salicylic Acid. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:4476. [PMID: 35746260 PMCID: PMC9228024 DOI: 10.3390/s22124476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive simultaneous electroanalysis of phytohormones indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and salicylic acid (SA) based on a novel copper nanoparticles-chitosan film-carbon nanoparticles-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CuNPs-CSF-CNPs-MWCNTs) composite was reported. CNPs were prepared by hydrothermal reaction of chitosan. Then the CuNPs-CSF-CNPs-MWCNTs composite was facilely prepared by one-step co-electrodeposition of CuNPs and CNPs fixed chitosan residues on modified electrode. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) were used to characterize the properties of the composite. Under optimal conditions, the composite modified electrode had a good linear relationship with IAA in the range of 0.01-50 μM, and a good linear relationship with SA in the range of 4-30 μM. The detection limits were 0.0086 μM and 0.7 μM (S/N = 3), respectively. In addition, the sensor could also be used for the simultaneous detection of IAA and SA in real leaf samples with satisfactory recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Kuang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Mengxue Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.L.); (S.H.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (H.J.)
| | - Shiyu Hu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.L.); (S.H.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (H.J.)
| | - Lu Yang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.L.); (S.H.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (H.J.)
| | - Zhanning Liang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.L.); (S.H.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (H.J.)
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.L.); (S.H.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (H.J.)
| | - Hongmei Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.L.); (S.H.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (H.J.)
| | - Xiaoyun Zhou
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Zhaohong Su
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.L.); (S.H.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (H.J.)
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