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Sánchez MJ, Scagliusi SJF, Giménez-Miranda L, Pérez P, Medrano FJ, Olmo Fernández A. Design of Wearable Textile Electrodes for the Monitorization of Patients with Heart Failure. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:3637. [PMID: 38894428 PMCID: PMC11175196 DOI: 10.3390/s24113637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure is a severe medical condition with an important worldwide incidence that occurs when the heart is unable to efficiently pump the patient's blood throughout the body. The monitoring of edema in the lower limbs is one of the most efficient ways to control the evolution of the condition. Impedance spectroscopy has been proposed as an efficient technique to monitor body volume in patients with heart failure. It is necessary to research new wearable devices for remote patient monitoring, which can be easily worn by patients in a continuous way. In this work, we design and implement new wearable textile electrodes for the monitoring of edema evolution in patients with heart failure. Impedance spectroscopy measurements were carried out in 5 healthy controls and 2 patients with heart failure using our wearable electrodes for 3 days. The results show the appropriateness of impedance spectroscopy and our wearable electrodes to monitor body volume evolution. Impedance spectroscopy is shown to be an efficient marker of the presence of edema in heart failure patients. Initial patient positive feedback was obtained for the use of the wearable device.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Jesús Sánchez
- Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica, E.T.S. de Ingeniería Informática, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n., 41012 Seville, Spain; (M.J.S.); (S.J.F.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Santiago J. Fernández Scagliusi
- Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica, E.T.S. de Ingeniería Informática, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n., 41012 Seville, Spain; (M.J.S.); (S.J.F.S.); (P.P.)
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Sevilla, IMSE-CNM, Universidad de Sevilla, CSIC. C\Américo Vespucio 28, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Luis Giménez-Miranda
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS-US), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR), 41013 Seville, Spain; (L.G.-M.); (F.J.M.)
| | - Pablo Pérez
- Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica, E.T.S. de Ingeniería Informática, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n., 41012 Seville, Spain; (M.J.S.); (S.J.F.S.); (P.P.)
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Sevilla, IMSE-CNM, Universidad de Sevilla, CSIC. C\Américo Vespucio 28, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Medrano
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS-US), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR), 41013 Seville, Spain; (L.G.-M.); (F.J.M.)
| | - Alberto Olmo Fernández
- Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica, E.T.S. de Ingeniería Informática, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n., 41012 Seville, Spain; (M.J.S.); (S.J.F.S.); (P.P.)
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Sevilla, IMSE-CNM, Universidad de Sevilla, CSIC. C\Américo Vespucio 28, 41092 Seville, Spain
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Bhaltadak V, Ghewade B, Yelne S. A Comprehensive Review on Advancements in Wearable Technologies: Revolutionizing Cardiovascular Medicine. Cureus 2024; 16:e61312. [PMID: 38947726 PMCID: PMC11212841 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Wearable technologies have emerged as powerful tools in healthcare, offering continuous monitoring and personalized insights outside traditional clinical settings. These devices have garnered significant attention in cardiovascular medicine for their potential to transform patient care and improve outcomes. This comprehensive review provides an overview of wearable technologies' evolution, advancements, and applications in cardiovascular medicine. We examine the miniaturization of sensors, integration of artificial intelligence (AI), and proliferation of remote patient monitoring solutions. Key findings include the role of wearables in the early detection of cardiovascular conditions, personalized health tracking, and remote patient management. Challenges such as data privacy concerns and regulatory hurdles are also addressed. The adoption of wearable technologies holds promise for shifting healthcare from reactive to proactive, enabling precision diagnostics, treatment optimization, and preventive strategies. Collaboration among healthcare stakeholders is essential to harnessing the full potential of wearables in cardiovascular medicine and ushering in a new era of personalized, proactive healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishnavi Bhaltadak
- Respiratory Medicine, School of Allied Health Science, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Babaji Ghewade
- Respiratory Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Seema Yelne
- Nursing, Shalinitai Meghe College of Nursing, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Baraya M, El-Asfoury MS, Fadel OO, Abass A. Experimental Analyses and Predictive Modelling of Ultrasonic Welding Parameters for Enhancing Smart Textile Fabrication. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:1488. [PMID: 38475024 DOI: 10.3390/s24051488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to illustrate the design, fabrication, and optimisation of an ultrasonic welding (UW) machine to join copper wires with non-woven PVC textiles as smart textiles. The study explicitly evaluates UW parameters' impact on heat generation, joint strength, and electrical properties, with a comprehensive understanding of the process dynamics and developing a predictive model applicable to smart textiles. The methodological approach involved designing and manufacturing an ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer using ABAQUS finite element analyses (FEA) software and constructing a UW machine for the current purpose. The full factorial design (FFD) approach was employed in experiments to systematically assess the influence of welding time, welding pressure, and copper wire diameter on the produced joints. Experimental data were meticulously collected, and a backpropagation neural network (BPNN) model was constructed based on the analysis of these results. The results of the experimental investigation provided valuable insights into the UW process, elucidating the intricate relationship between welding parameters and heat generation, joint strength, and post-welding electrical properties of the copper wires. This dataset served as the basis for developing a neural network model, showcasing a high level of accuracy in predicting welding outcomes compared to the FFD model. The neural network model provides a valuable tool for controlling and optimising the UW process in the realm of smart textile production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Baraya
- Department of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Fuad 42526, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S El-Asfoury
- Department of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Fuad 42526, Egypt
| | - Omnia O Fadel
- Department of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Fuad 42526, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abass
- Department of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Fuad 42526, Egypt
- Department of Materials, Design and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK
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Lim T, Seo HS, Yang J, Yang KH, Ju S, Jeong SM. Reversible thermochromic fibers with excellent elasticity and hydrophobicity for wearable temperature sensors. RSC Adv 2024; 14:6156-6164. [PMID: 38375008 PMCID: PMC10875327 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06432h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Color-changing fibers, which can intuitively convey information to the human eye, can be used to facilely add functionality to various types of clothing. However, they are often expensive and complex, and can suffer from low durability. Therefore, in this study, we developed highly elastic and hydrophobic thermochromic fibers as wearable temperature sensors using a simple method that does not require an electric current. A thermochromic pigment was embedded inside and outside hydrophobic silica aerogel particles, following which the thermochromic aerogel was fixed to highly elastic spandex fibers using polydimethylsiloxane as a flexible binder. In particular, multi-strand spandex fibers were used instead of single strands, resulting in the thermochromic aerogels penetrating the inside of the strands upon their expansion by solvent swelling. During drying, the thermochromic aerogel adhered more tightly to the fibers by compressing the strands. The thermochromic fiber was purple at room temperature (25 °C), but exhibited a two-stage color change to blue and then white as the temperature increased to 37 °C. In addition, even after 100 cycles of tension-contraction at 200%, the thermochromic aerogel did not detach and was strongly attached to the fiber. Additionally, it was confirmed that color change due to temperature was stable even after exposure to 1 wt% NaCl (artificial sweat) and 0.1 wt% detergent solutions. The developed thermochromic fiber therefore exhibited excellent elasticity and hydrophobicity, and is expected to be widely utilized as an economical wearable temperature sensor as it does not require electrical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taekyung Lim
- Major in Nano Semiconductor, School of Electronic Engineering, Kyonggi University Suwon Gyeonggi-do 16227 Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sung Seo
- Major in Nano Semiconductor, School of Electronic Engineering, Kyonggi University Suwon Gyeonggi-do 16227 Republic of Korea
| | - Jonguk Yang
- Major in Nano Semiconductor, School of Electronic Engineering, Kyonggi University Suwon Gyeonggi-do 16227 Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Hyeok Yang
- Department of Architectural Engineering, Kyonggi University Suwon Gyeonggi-do 16227 Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Ju
- Major in Nano Semiconductor, School of Electronic Engineering, Kyonggi University Suwon Gyeonggi-do 16227 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Mi Jeong
- Major in Nano Semiconductor, School of Electronic Engineering, Kyonggi University Suwon Gyeonggi-do 16227 Republic of Korea
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Fastier-Wooller JW, Lyons N, Vu TH, Pizzolato C, Rybachuk M, Itoh T, Dao DV, Maharaj J, Dau VT. Flexible Iron-On Sensor Embedded in Smart Sock for Gait Event Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:1638-1649. [PMID: 38110238 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Portable and wearable electronics for biomechanical data collection have become a growing part of everyday life. As smart technology improves and integrates into our lives, some devices remain ineffective, expensive, or difficult to access. We propose a washable iron-on textile pressure sensor for biometric data acquisition. Biometric data, such as human gait, are a powerful tool for the monitoring and diagnosis of ambulance and physical activity. To demonstrate this, our washable iron-on device is embedded into a sock and compared to gold standard force plate data. Biomechanical testing showed that our embedded sensor displayed a high aptitude for gait event detection, successfully identifying over 96% of heel strike and toe-off gait events. Our device demonstrates excellent attributes for further investigations into low-cost, washable, and highly versatile iron-on textiles for specialized biometric analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarred W Fastier-Wooller
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4222, QLD, Australia
- Department of Precision Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Nathan Lyons
- Queensland College of Art, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4215, QLD, Australia
- Griffith Centre of Biomedical and Rehabilitation Engineering, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4215, QLD, Australia
| | - Trung-Hieu Vu
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4222, QLD, Australia
| | - Claudio Pizzolato
- Griffith Centre of Biomedical and Rehabilitation Engineering, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4215, QLD, Australia
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4215, QLD, Australia
| | - Maksym Rybachuk
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan 4111, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Quantum Dynamics and Australian Attosecond Science Facility, Griffith University, Nathan 4111, QLD, Australia
| | - Toshihiro Itoh
- Department of Precision Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Dzung Viet Dao
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4222, QLD, Australia
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan 4111, QLD, Australia
| | - Jayishni Maharaj
- Griffith Centre of Biomedical and Rehabilitation Engineering, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4215, QLD, Australia
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4215, QLD, Australia
| | - Van Thanh Dau
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4222, QLD, Australia
- Centre of Catalysis and Clean Energy, Griffith University, Science Road, Gold Coast 4222, QLD, Australia
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Venkataraman D, Shabani E, Park JH. Advancement of Nonwoven Fabrics in Personal Protective Equipment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16113964. [PMID: 37297096 DOI: 10.3390/ma16113964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
While nonwoven fabrics have existed for several decades, their usage in personal protective equipment (PPE) has been met with a rapid surge of demands, in part due to the recent COVID-19 pandemic. This review aims to critically examine the current state of nonwoven PPE fabrics by exploring (i) the material constituents and processing steps to produce fibers and bond them, and (ii) how each fabric layer is integrated into a textile, and how the assembled textiles are used as PPE. Firstly, filament fibers are manufactured via dry, wet, and polymer-laid fiber spinning methods. Then the fibers are bonded via chemical, thermal, and mechanical means. Emergent nonwoven processes such as electrospinning and centrifugal spinning to produce unique ultrafine nanofibers are discussed. Nonwoven PPE applications are categorized as filters, medical usage, and protective garments. The role of each nonwoven layer, its role, and textile integration are discussed. Finally, the challenges stemming from the single-use nature of nonwoven PPEs are discussed, especially in the context of growing concerns over sustainability. Then, emerging solutions to address sustainability issues with material and processing innovations are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanya Venkataraman
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Elnaz Shabani
- Department of Plastics Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Jay H Park
- Department of Plastics Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
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Rêgo ADS, Furtado GE, Bernardes RA, Santos-Costa P, Dias RA, Alves FS, Ainla A, Arruda LM, Moreira IP, Bessa J, Fangueiro R, Gomes F, Henriques M, Sousa-Silva M, Pinto AC, Bouçanova M, Sousa VIF, Tavares CJ, Barboza R, Carvalho M, Filipe L, Sousa LB, Apóstolo JA, Parreira P, Salgueiro-Oliveira A. Development of Smart Clothing to Prevent Pressure Injuries in Bedridden Persons and/or with Severely Impaired Mobility: 4NoPressure Research Protocol. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11101361. [PMID: 37239647 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11101361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pressure injuries (PIs) are a major public health problem and can be used as quality-of-care indicators. An incipient development in the field of medical devices takes the form of Smart Health Textiles, which can possess innovative properties such as thermoregulation, sensing, and antibacterial control. This protocol aims to describe the process for the development of a new type of smart clothing for individuals with reduced mobility and/or who are bedridden in order to prevent PIs. This paper's main purpose is to present the eight phases of the project, each consisting of tasks in specific phases: (i) product and process requirements and specifications; (ii and iii) study of the fibrous structure technology, textiles, and design; (iv and v) investigation of the sensor technology with respect to pressure, temperature, humidity, and bioactive properties; (vi and vii) production layout and adaptations in the manufacturing process; (viii) clinical trial. This project will introduce a new structural system and design for smart clothing to prevent PIs. New materials and architectures will be studied that provide better pressure relief, thermo-physiological control of the cutaneous microclimate, and personalisation of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson da Silva Rêgo
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000-232 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Guilherme Eustáquio Furtado
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000-232 Coimbra, Portugal
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Applied Research Institute, Rua da Misericórdia, Lagar dos Cortiços-S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rafael A Bernardes
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000-232 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Santos-Costa
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000-232 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rosana A Dias
- International Iberian Laboratory of Nanotechnology (INL), 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Filipe S Alves
- International Iberian Laboratory of Nanotechnology (INL), 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Alar Ainla
- International Iberian Laboratory of Nanotechnology (INL), 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Luisa M Arruda
- Fibrenamics, Institute of Innovation on Fibre-Based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal
| | - Inês P Moreira
- Fibrenamics, Institute of Innovation on Fibre-Based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal
| | - João Bessa
- Fibrenamics, Institute of Innovation on Fibre-Based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal
| | - Raul Fangueiro
- Fibrenamics, Institute of Innovation on Fibre-Based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Gomes
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO-Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Mariana Henriques
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO-Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Maria Sousa-Silva
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO-Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Alexandra C Pinto
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO-Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Maria Bouçanova
- Impetus Portugal-Têxteis Sa (IMPETUS), 4740-696 Barcelos, Portugal
| | - Vânia Isabel Fernande Sousa
- Physics Center of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-PT), Campus of Azurém, University of Minho, 4804-533 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Carlos José Tavares
- Physics Center of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-PT), Campus of Azurém, University of Minho, 4804-533 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rochelne Barboza
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal
| | - Miguel Carvalho
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal
| | - Luísa Filipe
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000-232 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Liliana B Sousa
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000-232 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João A Apóstolo
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000-232 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro Parreira
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000-232 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anabela Salgueiro-Oliveira
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000-232 Coimbra, Portugal
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Meena JS, Choi SB, Jung SB, Kim JW. Electronic textiles: New age of wearable technology for healthcare and fitness solutions. Mater Today Bio 2023; 19:100565. [PMID: 36816602 PMCID: PMC9932217 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sedentary lifestyles and evolving work environments have created challenges for global health and cause huge burdens on healthcare and fitness systems. Physical immobility and functional losses due to aging are two main reasons for noncommunicable disease mortality. Smart electronic textiles (e-textiles) have attracted considerable attention because of their potential uses in health monitoring, rehabilitation, and training assessment applications. Interactive textiles integrated with electronic devices and algorithms can be used to gather, process, and digitize data on human body motion in real time for purposes such as electrotherapy, improving blood circulation, and promoting wound healing. This review summarizes research advances on e-textiles designed for wearable healthcare and fitness systems. The significance of e-textiles, key applications, and future demand expectations are addressed in this review. Various health conditions and fitness problems and possible solutions involving the use of multifunctional interactive garments are discussed. A brief discussion of essential materials and basic procedures used to fabricate wearable e-textiles are included. Finally, the current challenges, possible solutions, opportunities, and future perspectives in the area of smart textiles are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagan Singh Meena
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Technology, Core Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Bin Choi
- Department of Smart Fab Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Boo Jung
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Woong Kim
- Department of Smart Fab Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Sun F, Jiang H, Wang H, Zhong Y, Xu Y, Xing Y, Yu M, Feng LW, Tang Z, Liu J, Sun H, Wang H, Wang G, Zhu M. Soft Fiber Electronics Based on Semiconducting Polymer. Chem Rev 2023; 123:4693-4763. [PMID: 36753731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Fibers, originating from nature and mastered by human, have woven their way throughout the entire history of human civilization. Recent developments in semiconducting polymer materials have further endowed fibers and textiles with various electronic functions, which are attractive in applications such as information interfacing, personalized medicine, and clean energy. Owing to their ability to be easily integrated into daily life, soft fiber electronics based on semiconducting polymers have gained popularity recently for wearable and implantable applications. Herein, we present a review of the previous and current progress in semiconducting polymer-based fiber electronics, particularly focusing on smart-wearable and implantable areas. First, we provide a brief overview of semiconducting polymers from the viewpoint of materials based on the basic concepts and functionality requirements of different devices. Then we analyze the existing applications and associated devices such as information interfaces, healthcare and medicine, and energy conversion and storage. The working principle and performance of semiconducting polymer-based fiber devices are summarized. Furthermore, we focus on the fabrication techniques of fiber devices. Based on the continuous fabrication of one-dimensional fiber and yarn, we introduce two- and three-dimensional fabric fabricating methods. Finally, we review challenges and relevant perspectives and potential solutions to address the related problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yueheng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yiman Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yi Xing
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Muhuo Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lightweight Structural Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Liang-Wen Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jun Liu
- National Key Laboratory on Electromagnetic Environment Effects and Electro-Optical Engineering, Nanjing 210007, China
| | - Hengda Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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