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Kontaxis S, Kanellos F, Ntanis A, Kostikis N, Konitsiotis S, Rigas G. An Inertial-Based Wearable System for Monitoring Vital Signs during Sleep. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:4139. [PMID: 39000917 PMCID: PMC11244494 DOI: 10.3390/s24134139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
This study explores the feasibility of a wearable system to monitor vital signs during sleep. The system incorporates five inertial measurement units (IMUs) located on the waist, the arms, and the legs. To evaluate the performance of a novel framework, twenty-three participants underwent a sleep study, and vital signs, including respiratory rate (RR) and heart rate (HR), were monitored via polysomnography (PSG). The dataset comprises individuals with varying severity of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). Using a single IMU sensor positioned at the waist, strong correlations of more than 0.95 with the PSG-derived vital signs were obtained. Low inter-participant mean absolute errors of about 0.66 breaths/min and 1.32 beats/min were achieved, for RR and HR, respectively. The percentage of data available for analysis, representing the time coverage, was 98.3% for RR estimation and 78.3% for HR estimation. Nevertheless, the fusion of data from IMUs positioned at the arms and legs enhanced the inter-participant time coverage of HR estimation by over 15%. These findings imply that the proposed methodology can be used for vital sign monitoring during sleep, paving the way for a comprehensive understanding of sleep quality in individuals with SDB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Foivos Kanellos
- PD Neurotechnology Ltd., 45500 Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | | | | | - Spyridon Konitsiotis
- University Hospital of Ioannina and Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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Lingawi S, Hutton J, Khalili M, Shadgan B, Christenson J, Grunau B, Kuo C. Cardiorespiratory Sensors and Their Implications for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Detection: A Systematic Review. Ann Biomed Eng 2024; 52:1136-1158. [PMID: 38358559 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-024-03442-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major health problem, with a poor survival rate of 2-11%. For the roughly 75% of OHCAs that are unwitnessed, survival is approximately 2-4.4%, as there are no bystanders present to provide life-saving interventions and alert Emergency Medical Services. Sensor technologies may reduce the number of unwitnessed OHCAs through automated detection of OHCA-associated physiological changes. However, no technologies are widely available for OHCA detection. This review identifies research and commercial technologies developed for cardiopulmonary monitoring that may be best suited for use in the context of OHCA, and provides recommendations for technology development, testing, and implementation. We conducted a systematic review of published studies along with a search of grey literature to identify technologies that were able to provide cardiopulmonary monitoring, and could be used to detect OHCA. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Engineering Village using MeSH keywords. Following inclusion, we summarized trends and findings from included studies. Our searches retrieved 6945 unique publications between January, 1950 and May, 2023. 90 studies met the inclusion criteria. In addition, our grey literature search identified 26 commercial technologies. Among included technologies, 52% utilized electrocardiography (ECG) and 40% utilized photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors. Most wearable devices were multi-modal (59%), utilizing more than one sensor simultaneously. Most included devices were wearable technologies (84%), with chest patches (22%), wrist-worn devices (18%), and garments (14%) being the most prevalent. ECG and PPG sensors are heavily utilized in devices for cardiopulmonary monitoring that could be adapted to OHCA detection. Developers seeking to rapidly develop methods for OHCA detection should focus on using ECG- and/or PPG-based multimodal systems as these are most prevalent in existing devices. However, novel sensor technology development could overcome limitations in existing sensors and could serve as potential additions to or replacements for ECG- and PPG-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saud Lingawi
- British Columbia Resuscitation Research Collaborative, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Centre for Aging SMART, University of British Columbia, 2635 Laurel St., Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada.
| | - Jacob Hutton
- British Columbia Resuscitation Research Collaborative, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of British Columbia and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mahsa Khalili
- British Columbia Resuscitation Research Collaborative, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Aging SMART, University of British Columbia, 2635 Laurel St., Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of British Columbia and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Babak Shadgan
- British Columbia Resuscitation Research Collaborative, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jim Christenson
- British Columbia Resuscitation Research Collaborative, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of British Columbia and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Brian Grunau
- British Columbia Resuscitation Research Collaborative, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of British Columbia and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Calvin Kuo
- British Columbia Resuscitation Research Collaborative, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Aging SMART, University of British Columbia, 2635 Laurel St., Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
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