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Jariwala AM, Dash SK, Sahu UK, Chudjuarjeen S. Design and dynamic emulation of hybrid solar-wind-wave energy converter (SWWEC) for efficient power generation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:22721. [PMID: 39349525 PMCID: PMC11442797 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72827-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024] Open
Abstract
As research into wave energy converters progresses and new developers enter the field, there arises a growing requirement for a standardized modelling approach. This article presents a novel design and dynamic emulation for a hybrid solar-wind-wave energy converter (SWWEC) which is the combination of three very well-known renewable energies: solar, wind and wave energy. Photovoltaic (PV) panels and vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) are installed on top of the floating WEC that harness the energies from the sun and wind respectively. The SWWEC is designed with a point absorber capture system. An electrical motor is used to dynamically emulate the performance of the SWWEC under real world conditions to drive the DC generator. The present paper shows the importance and necessity of the required control schemes for the proper control of generator side converters which is present in the offshore marine substation and the most required grid connected onshore converters. The better switching signal generation for the converter control and generated harmonics elimination techniques are also presented in the paper. Outcomes of the present study are discussed and verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryan Manan Jariwala
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India
| | | | - Umesh Kumar Sahu
- Department of Mechatronics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
| | - Saichol Chudjuarjeen
- Department of Electrical and Telecommunication, Rajamangala University of Technology, Krungthep, Bangkok, Thailand
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Ellithy HH, Hasanien HM, Alharbi M, Sobhy MA, Taha AM, Attia MA. Marine Predator Algorithm-Based Optimal PI Controllers for LVRT Capability Enhancement of Grid-Connected PV Systems. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:66. [PMID: 38392112 PMCID: PMC10887426 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9020066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Photovoltaic (PV) systems are becoming essential to our energy landscape as renewable energy sources become more widely integrated into power networks. Preserving grid stability, especially during voltage sags, is one of the significant difficulties confronting the implementation of these technologies. This attribute is referred to as low-voltage ride-through (LVRT). To overcome this issue, adopting a Proportional-Integral (PI) controller, a control system standard, is proving to be an efficient solution. This paper provides a unique algorithm-based approach of the Marine Predator Algorithm (MPA) for optimized tuning of the used PI controller, mainly focusing on inverter control, to improve the LVRT of the grid, leading to improvements in the overshoot, undershoot, settling time, and steady-state response of the system. The fitness function is optimized using the MPA to determine the settings of the PI controller. This process helps to optimally design the controllers optimally, thus improving the inverter control and performance and enhancing the system's LVRT capability. The methodology is tested in case of a 3L-G fault. To test its validity, the proposed approach is compared with rival standard optimization-based PI controllers, namely Grey Wolf Optimization and Particle Swarm Optimization. The comparison shows that the used algorithm provides better results with a higher convergence rate with overshoot ranging from 14% to 40% less in the case of DC-Link Voltage and active power and also settling times in the case of MPA being less than PSO and GWO by 0.76 to 0.95 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Hassan Ellithy
- Electrical Power and Machines Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11517, Egypt
| | - Hany M Hasanien
- Electrical Power and Machines Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11517, Egypt
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Alharbi
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Sobhy
- Electrical Power and Machines Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11517, Egypt
| | - Adel M Taha
- Electrical Power and Machines Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11517, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Attia
- Electrical Power and Machines Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11517, Egypt
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Veillon M, Espinosa E, Melin P, Mirzaeva G, Rivera M, Baier CR, Ramirez RO. Improved Feedback Quantizer with Discrete Space Vector. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:287. [PMID: 38203149 PMCID: PMC10781311 DOI: 10.3390/s24010287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The use of advanced modulation and control schemes for power converters, such as a Feedback Quantizer and Predictive Control, is widely studied in the literature. This work focuses on improving the closed-loop modulation scheme called Feedback Quantizer, which is applied to a three-phase voltage source inverter. This scheme has the natural behavior of mitigating harmonics at low frequencies, which are detrimental to electrical equipment such as transformers. This modulation scheme also provides good tracking for the voltage reference at the fundamental frequency. On the other hand, the disadvantage of this scheme is that it has a variable switching frequency, creating a harmonic spectrum in frequency dispersion, and it also needs a small sampling time to obtain good results. The proposed scheme to improve the modulation scheme is based on a Discrete Space Vector with virtual vectors to obtain a better approximation of the optimal vectors for use in the algorithm. The proposal improves the conventional scheme at a high sampling time (200 μs), obtaining a THD less than 2% in the load current, decreases the noise created by the conventional scheme, and provides a fixed switching frequency. Experimental tests demonstrate the correct operation of the proposed scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías Veillon
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Talca 3467769, Chile;
| | - Eduardo Espinosa
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Talca 3467769, Chile;
- Centro de Energía, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción 4090541, Chile
| | - Pedro Melin
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Concepción 4051381, Chile;
| | - Galina Mirzaeva
- School of Engineering, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia;
| | - Marco Rivera
- Power Electronics, Machines and Control Research Group, University of Nottingham, 15 Triumph Rd, Lenton, Nottingham NG7 2GT, UK;
- Laboratorio de Conversión de Energía y Electrónica de Potencia (LCEEP), Vicerrectoría de Innovacion, Universidad de Talca, Curicó 3340000, Chile
| | - Carlos R. Baier
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Talca, Curicó 3340000, Chile; (C.R.B.); (R.O.R.)
| | - Roberto O. Ramirez
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Talca, Curicó 3340000, Chile; (C.R.B.); (R.O.R.)
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Ibrahim NF, Mahmoud MM, Alnami H, Mbadjoun Wapet DE, Ardjoun SAEM, Mosaad MI, Hassan AM, Abdelfattah H. A new adaptive MPPT technique using an improved INC algorithm supported by fuzzy self-tuning controller for a grid-linked photovoltaic system. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293613. [PMID: 37922271 PMCID: PMC10624298 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Solar energy, a prominent renewable resource, relies on photovoltaic systems (PVS) to capture energy efficiently. The challenge lies in maximizing power generation, which fluctuates due to changing environmental conditions like irradiance and temperature. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques have been developed to optimize PVS output. Among these, the incremental conductance (INC) method is widely recognized. However, adapting INC to varying environmental conditions remains a challenge. This study introduces an innovative approach to adaptive MPPT for grid-connected PVS, enhancing classical INC by integrating a PID controller updated through a fuzzy self-tuning controller (INC-FST). INC-FST dynamically regulates the boost converter signal, connecting the PVS's DC output to the grid-connected inverter. A comprehensive evaluation, comparing the proposed adaptive MPPT technique (INC-FST) with conventional MPPT methods such as INC, Perturb & Observe (P&O), and INC Fuzzy Logic (INC-FL), was conducted. Metrics assessed include current, voltage, efficiency, power, and DC bus voltage under different climate scenarios. The proposed MPPT-INC-FST algorithm demonstrated superior efficiency, achieving 99.80%, 99.76%, and 99.73% for three distinct climate scenarios. Furthermore, the comparative analysis highlighted its precision in terms of control indices, minimizing overshoot, reducing rise time, and maximizing PVS power output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagwa F. Ibrahim
- Electrical Department, Faculty of Technology and Education, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Metwally Mahmoud
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Hashim Alnami
- Electrical Engineering Department, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA
| | | | - Sid Ahmed El Mehdi Ardjoun
- IRECOM Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Djillali Liabes University, Sidi Bel-Abbes, Algeria
| | - Mohamed I. Mosaad
- Electrical & Electronics Engineering Technology Department, Yanbu Industrial College (YIC), Royal Commission Yanbu Colleges & Institutes, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
- Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Ammar M. Hassan
- Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, South Valley Branch, Aswan, Egypt
| | - H. Abdelfattah
- Electrical Department, Faculty of Technology and Education, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
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Ewias AM, Hakmi SH, Mohamed TH, Mahmoud MM, Eid A, Abdelaziz AY, Dahab YA. Advanced load frequency control of microgrid using a bat algorithm supported by a balloon effect identifier in the presence of photovoltaic power source. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293246. [PMID: 37862365 PMCID: PMC10588904 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the unpredictability of the majority of green energy sources (GESs), particularly in microgrids (μGs), frequency deviations are unavoidable. These factors include solar irradiance, wind disturbances, and parametric uncertainty, all of which have a substantial impact on the system's frequency. An adaptive load frequency control (LFC) method for power systems is suggested in this paper to mitigate the aforementioned issues. For engineering challenges, soft computing methods like the bat algorithm (BA), where it proves its effectiveness in different applications, consistently produce positive outcomes, so it is used to address the LFC issue. For online gain tuning, an integral controller using an artificial BA is utilized, and this control method is supported by a modification known as the balloon effect (BE) identifier. Stability and robustness of analysis of the suggested BA+BE scheme is investigated. The system with the proposed adaptive frequency controller is evaluated in the case of step/random load demand. In addition, high penetrations of photovoltaic (PV) sources are considered. The standard integral controller and Jaya+BE, two more optimization techniques, have been compared with the suggested BA+BE strategy. According to the results of the MATLAB simulation, the suggested technique (BA+BE) has a significant advantage over other techniques in terms of maintaining frequency stability in the presence of step/random disturbances and PV source. The suggested method successfully keeps the frequency steady over I and Jaya+BE by 61.5% and 31.25%, respectively. In order to validate the MATLAB simulation results, real-time simulation tests are given utilizing a PC and a QUARC pid_e data acquisition card.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Ewias
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Sultan H. Hakmi
- Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek Hassan Mohamed
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Metwally Mahmoud
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Ahmad Eid
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Yasser Ahmed Dahab
- Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, South Valley Branch, Aswan, Egypt
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