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Menda J, Chintala V, Kanuparthy PR, Katari NK, Kowtharapu LP, Jonnalagadda SB. Quality by Design Tool Assessed Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography Method for the Analysis of Remogliflozin and Teneligliptin in Oral Dosage Form. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:12553-12563. [PMID: 38524417 PMCID: PMC10955570 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The UPLC methodology was used to establish a method for determining the qualitative and quantitative content of teneligliptin and remogliflozin tablets in oral solid dose form, as no simultaneous method was available. The developed liquid chromatography method consists of an X-Bridge C18 100 mm × 3.5 mm, 2.1 mm column with an economical 0.2 mL/min flow rate. A wavelength of 248 nm was used for detection, and the temperature of the column compartment was 30 °C. The method was evaluated using a static tool quality by design after it was validated as per the regulations. The data from validation result in linearity for both analytes with a correlation coefficient of more than 0.999. The accuracy data were found from a minimum of 98.1 to a maximum of 100.9. All of the validation results met the acceptance criteria. The stability of the analytical solutions proved for 24 h at bench and refrigerator temperatures. Studies of force degradation proved the stability indicating the nature of the method. A factorial design was used to evaluate the method performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyothsna Menda
- Department
of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM
Deemed to be University, Hyderabad, Telangana 502329, India
- Department
of Chemistry, Gokaraju Lailavathi Womens
Engineering College, Hyderabad 500090, India
| | - Vaishnavi Chintala
- Analytical
Research and Development, Cambrex High Point, 4170 Mendenhall Oaks Pkwy, High Point, North Carolina 27265, United States
| | - Phani Raja Kanuparthy
- Department
of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM
Deemed to be University, Hyderabad, Telangana 502329, India
| | - Naresh Kumar Katari
- Department
of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM
Deemed to be University, Hyderabad, Telangana 502329, India
- School
of Chemistry & Physics, College of Agriculture, Engineering &
Science, Westville Campus, University of
KwaZulu-Natal, P Bag X 54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Leela Prasad Kowtharapu
- Department
of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM
Deemed to be University, Hyderabad, Telangana 502329, India
| | - Sreekantha Babu Jonnalagadda
- School
of Chemistry & Physics, College of Agriculture, Engineering &
Science, Westville Campus, University of
KwaZulu-Natal, P Bag X 54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
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Elian V, Popovici V, Karampelas O, Pircalabioru GG, Radulian G, Musat M. Risks and Benefits of SGLT-2 Inhibitors for Type 1 Diabetes Patients Using Automated Insulin Delivery Systems-A Literature Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1972. [PMID: 38396657 PMCID: PMC10888162 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25041972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary treatment for autoimmune Diabetes Mellitus (Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus-T1DM) is insulin therapy. Unfortunately, a multitude of clinical cases has demonstrated that the use of insulin as a sole therapeutic intervention fails to address all issues comprehensively. Therefore, non-insulin adjunct treatment has been investigated and shown successful results in clinical trials. Various hypoglycemia-inducing drugs such as Metformin, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, amylin analogs, and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporters 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, developed good outcomes in patients with T1DM. Currently, SGLT-2 inhibitors have remarkably improved the treatment of patients with diabetes by preventing cardiovascular events, heart failure hospitalization, and progression of renal disease. However, their pharmacological potential has not been explored enough. Thus, the substantial interest in SGLT-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) underlines the present review. It begins with an overview of carrier-mediated cellular glucose uptake, evidencing the insulin-independent transport system contribution to glucose homeostasis and the essential roles of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporters 1 and 2. Then, the pharmacological properties of SGLT-2is are detailed, leading to potential applications in treating T1DM patients with automated insulin delivery (AID) systems. Results from several studies demonstrated improvements in glycemic control, an increase in Time in Range (TIR), a decrease in glycemic variability, reduced daily insulin requirements without increasing hyperglycemic events, and benefits in weight management. However, these advantages are counterbalanced by increased risks, particularly concerning Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). Several clinical trials reported a higher incidence of DKA when patients with T1DM received SGLT-2 inhibitors such as Sotagliflozin and Empagliflozin. On the other hand, patients with T1DM and a body mass index (BMI) of ≥27 kg/m2 treated with Dapagliflozin showed similar reduction in hyperglycemia and body weight and insignificantly increased DKA incidence compared to the overall trial population. Additional multicenter and randomized studies are required to establish safer and more effective long-term strategies based on patient selection, education, and continuous ketone body monitoring for optimal integration of SGLT-2 inhibitors into T1DM therapeutic protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Elian
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 5-7 Ion Movila Street, 020475 Bucharest, Romania; (V.E.); (G.R.)
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, “N. C. Paulescu” National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 020475 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Violeta Popovici
- “Costin C. Kiriţescu” National Institute of Economic Research—Center for Mountain Economics (INCE-CEMONT) of Romanian Academy, 725700 Vatra-Dornei, Romania
| | - Oana Karampelas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru
- eBio-Hub Research Centre, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 061344 Bucharest, Romania;
- Research Institute, University of Bucharest, 061344 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela Radulian
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 5-7 Ion Movila Street, 020475 Bucharest, Romania; (V.E.); (G.R.)
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, “N. C. Paulescu” National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 020475 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Madalina Musat
- eBio-Hub Research Centre, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 061344 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Endocrinology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Endocrinology IV, “C. I. Parhon” National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania
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Voltammetric quantitative analysis of vildagliptin in bulk form and spiked human serum at a modified electrode. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-023-02773-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe electrochemical behavior of Vildagliptin (VILD) was studied using the cyclic voltammetric technique in an aqueous Britton–Robinson (BR) universal buffer solution of various pH levels between 4.0 and 10 at a 5% calcium-montmorillonite clay modified with carbon paste electrode surface (5% Ca-MMT/CPE). The results exhibited an irreversible anodic peak at about 1.238 V versus Ag/AgCl, KCl (3 mol L−1). The anodic peak was found to be diffusion–adsorption controlled. The possible reaction mechanism is estimated taking into consideration of the calculated electrons and protons number transferred on the electrode/electrolyte interface using the cyclic voltammetric technique. VILD was found to adsorb onto the surface of 5% Ca-MMT/CPE in a monolayer surface coverage of 3.0 × 10−12 mol cm−2. A validated square wave voltammetry (SWV) technique for VILD determination was performed. The calibration curve of VILD onto the 5% Ca-MMT/CPE surface was linear in the concentration range of 1.0–110 nmol L−1 with the mean limits of detection and quantification was 0.285 and 0.950 nmol L−1, respectively, in the bulk form. The proposed procedure for the assay of VILD in bulk form, dosage form, and spiked human serum has the advantage of being simple, rapid, sensitive, and inexpensive compared to other analytical methods. The described method showed an excellent performance for the trace determination of VILD in its formulation without interference from excipients.
Graphical abstract
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Attimarad M, Munirul Islam M, Shafi S, David M, Rahman A, II Plaza Molina E. Eco-friendly mathematically manipulated UV spectroscopic procedures to resolve severely overlapped spectra of a binary mixture of Dapagliflozin with Sitagliptin and Vildagliptin. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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Attimarad M, Venugopala KN, Nair AB, Sreeharsha N, Molina EIP, Kotnal RB, Tratrat C, Altaysan AI, Balgoname AA, Deb PK. Environmental sustainable mathematically processed UV spectroscopic methods for quality control analysis of remogliflozin and teneligliptin: Evaluation of greenness and whiteness. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 278:121303. [PMID: 35525182 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Environmental sustainable analytical methods were developed by mathematical modification of UV absorption spectra for quality control study of multicomponent formulations consisting of remogliflozin (REM) and teneligliptin (TEN), with good sensitivity and selectivity. Then analytes were quantified by measuring the peak amplitude of the first derivative spectra at zero crossing points at 230.2 nm and 213.8 nm for REG and TEN in the first derivative method. The second method involves the formation of ratio spectra and taking the absorption difference at two selected wavelengths of peak and trough of a spectrum. In the ratio first derivative method peak amplitudes were measured at 235.2 nm and 259.1 nm for simultaneous quantification of REM and TEN respectively. The fourth method was based on the measurement of the peak amplitude of zero-order spectra of analytes generated from the mixture spectrum by subtraction of a constant from the ratio spectrum followed by multiplication with divisor spectrum, Further, the proposed methods were validated systematically to confirm the linearity, precession, accuracy, sensitivity, and selectivity. Finally, validated UV spectroscopic methods were applied for simultaneous quantification of REM and TEN from formulation, and laboratory mixed solutions and statistically compared with the reported HPLC method. Further, recently developed AGREE, Hexagonal greenness and white analytical chemistry, a whiteness evaluation tools were applied to the proposed UV spectroscopic methods and found to be safer analytical methods, compared to the reported expensive, time-consuming and toxic HPLC method. Hence, proposed UV spectroscopic methods could be used for routine quality control of formulations containing REM and TEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Katharigatta Narayanaswamy Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, South Africa.
| | - Anroop Balachandran Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nagaraja Sreeharsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Off Sarjapura Road, Bangalore 560035, India.
| | - Effren Ii Plaza Molina
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Christophe Tratrat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Ibrahim Altaysan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmalek Ahmed Balgoname
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Pran Kishore Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Off Sarjapura Road, Bangalore 560035, India.
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Attimarad M, Venugopala KN, Chohan MS, David M, Molina EIIP, Sreeharsha N, Nair AB, Tratrat C, Altaysan AI, Balgoname AA. An Experimental Design Approach to Quantitative Expression for Quality Control of a Multicomponent Antidiabetic Formulation by the HILIC Method. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103135. [PMID: 35630608 PMCID: PMC9148089 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid and reproducible hydrophilic liquid chromatography (HILIC) process was established for concomitant determination of remogliflozin etabonate (RE), vildagliptin (VD), and metformin (MF) in a formulation. A face-centered central composite experimental design was employed to optimize and predict the chromatographic condition by statistically studying the surface response model and design space with desirability close to one. A HILIC column with a simple mobile phase of acetonitrile (65% v/v) and 20 mM phosphate buffer (35% v/v, pH 6, controlled with orthophosphoric acid) was used to separate RE, VD, and MF. RE, VD, and MF were separated in 3.6 min using an isocratic mode mobile phase flow at a flow rate of 1.4 mL at room temperature, and the analytes were examined by recording the absorption at 210 nm. The developed HILIC method was thoroughly validated for all parameters recommended by ICH, and linearity was observed in the ranges 20−150 µg/mL, 10−75 µg/mL, and 50−750 µg/mL for RE, VD, and MF, respectively, along with excellent regression coefficients (r2 > 0.999). The calculated percentage relative deviation and relative error ascertained the precision and accuracy of the method. The selectivity and accuracy were further confirmed by the high percentage recovery of added standard drugs to the formulation using the standard addition technique. The robustness of the HILIC processes was confirmed by developing a half-normal probability plot and Pareto chart, as the slight variation of a single factor had no significant influence on the assay outcomes. Utilization of the optimized HILIC procedure for concurrent quantification of RE, VD, and MF in solid dosage forms showed accurate and reproducible results. Hence, the fast HILIC method can be regularly employed for the quality assurance of pharmaceutical preparations comprising RE, VD, and MF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.N.V.); (N.S.); (A.B.N.); (C.T.); (A.I.A.); (A.A.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-553269799
| | - Katharigatta Narayanaswamy Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.N.V.); (N.S.); (A.B.N.); (C.T.); (A.I.A.); (A.A.B.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Muhammad S. Chohan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Marysheela David
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Efren II Plaza Molina
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nagaraja Sreeharsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.N.V.); (N.S.); (A.B.N.); (C.T.); (A.I.A.); (A.A.B.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Off Sarjapura Road, Bangalore 560035, India
| | - Anroop Balachandran Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.N.V.); (N.S.); (A.B.N.); (C.T.); (A.I.A.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Christophe Tratrat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.N.V.); (N.S.); (A.B.N.); (C.T.); (A.I.A.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Abdulrahman Ibrahim Altaysan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.N.V.); (N.S.); (A.B.N.); (C.T.); (A.I.A.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Abdulmalek Ahmed Balgoname
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.N.V.); (N.S.); (A.B.N.); (C.T.); (A.I.A.); (A.A.B.)
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Design of Experiment (DoE) for Optimization of HPLC Conditions for the Simultaneous Fractionation of Seven α-Amylase/Trypsin Inhibitors from Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10020259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitors remain a subject of interest considering the latest findings showing their implication in wheat-related non-celiac sensitivity (NCWS). Understanding their functions in such a disorder is still unclear and for further study, the need for pure ATI molecules is one of the limiting problems. In this work, a simplified approach based on the successive fractionation of ATI extracts by reverse phase and ion exchange chromatography was developed. ATIs were first extracted from wheat flour using a combination of Tris buffer and chloroform/methanol methods. The separation of the extracts on a C18 column generated two main fractions of interest F1 and F2. The response surface methodology with the Doehlert design allowed optimizing the operating parameters of the strong anion exchange chromatography. Finally, the seven major wheat ATIs namely P01083, P17314, P16850, P01085, P16851, P16159, and P83207 were recovered with purity levels (according to the targeted LC-MS/MS analysis) of 98.2 ± 0.7; 98.1 ± 0.8; 97.9 ± 0.5; 95.1 ± 0.8; 98.3 ± 0.4; 96.9 ± 0.5, and 96.2 ± 0.4%, respectively. MALDI-TOF-MS analysis revealed single peaks in each of the pure fractions and the mass analysis yielded deviations of 0.4, 1.9, 0.1, 0.2, 0.2, 0.9, and 0.1% between the theoretical and the determined masses of P01083, P17314, P16850, P01085, P16851, P16159, and P83207, respectively. Overall, the study allowed establishing an efficient purification process of the most important wheat ATIs. This paves the way for further in-depth investigation of the ATIs to gain more knowledge related to their involvement in NCWS disease and to allow the absolute quantification in wheat samples.
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