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Pike F, Lindström L, Ekstedt J, Jiddawi NS, de la Torre-Castro M. Dynamic livelihoods, gender and poverty in marine protected areas: Case study from Zanzibar, Tanzania. AMBIO 2024; 53:1218-1233. [PMID: 38647618 PMCID: PMC11183001 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-024-02010-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Livelihood initiatives are common within marine protected areas (MPAs) aiming for poverty alleviation or higher income opportunities. However, results can be mixed in reality, as well as change over time. Furthermore, who benefits is a key consideration, as results can vary based on inequalities, including gender. Here, the monetary outcomes of different livelihood strategies were investigated across three MPA regions in Zanzibar, Tanzania. Using a quantitative approach, the results show that livelihoods have shifted in a six-year period, with livelihood strategies differing in poverty incidence and income. Livelihood initiatives, namely seaweed farming and tourism, did not provide significantly higher monetary returns compared to long-standing livelihoods, such as fisheries. Seaweed farming showed income stability but a high poverty incidence predominantly within women-headed households. During the study period, men primarily remained in fisheries, whilst women shifted to small-scale businesses and fisheries, largely exiting seaweed farming. This underscores a need for adaptive, gender sensitive management within fast changing coastal contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicity Pike
- Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Lars Lindström
- Department of Political Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Josefin Ekstedt
- Centre for Blue Governance, Department of Sustainability and Planning, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Narriman S Jiddawi
- Zanzi Marine and Coastal Solutions, P.O. Box 4108, Chukwani, Zanzibar, Tanzania
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Bullen CD, Driscoll J, Burt J, Stephens T, Hessing-Lewis M, Gregr EJ. The potential climate benefits of seaweed farming in temperate waters. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15021. [PMID: 38951559 PMCID: PMC11217401 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65408-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Seaweed farming is widely promoted as an approach to mitigating climate change despite limited data on carbon removal pathways and uncertainty around benefits and risks at operational scales. We explored the feasibility of climate change mitigation from seaweed farming by constructing five scenarios spanning a range of industry development in coastal British Columbia, Canada, a temperate region identified as highly suitable for seaweed farming. Depending on growth rates and the fate of farmed seaweed, our scenarios sequestered or avoided between 0.20 and 8.2 Tg CO2e year-1, equivalent to 0.3% and 13% of annual greenhouse gas emissions in BC, respectively. Realisation of climate benefits required seaweed-based products to replace existing, more emissions-intensive products, as marine sequestration was relatively inefficient. Such products were also key to reducing the monetary cost of climate benefits, with product values exceeding production costs in only one of the scenarios we examined. However, model estimates have large uncertainties dominated by seaweed production and emissions avoided, making these key priorities for future research. Our results show that seaweed farming could make an economically feasible contribute to Canada's climate goals if markets for value-added seaweed based products are developed. Moreover, our model demonstrates the possibility for farmers, regulators, and researchers to accurately quantify the climate benefits of seaweed farming in their regional contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron D Bullen
- SciTech Environmental Consulting, 2136 Napier Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V5L 2N9
| | - John Driscoll
- Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jenn Burt
- Nature United, North Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tiffany Stephens
- College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau, AK, USA
| | - Margot Hessing-Lewis
- Hakai Institute, Campbell River, BC, Canada
- Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Edward J Gregr
- SciTech Environmental Consulting, 2136 Napier Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V5L 2N9.
- Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Basyuni M, Puspita M, Rahmania R, Albasri H, Pratama I, Purbani D, Aznawi A, Mubaraq A, Al Mustaniroh SS, Menne F, Rahmila YI, Salmo III SG, Susilowati A, Larekeng SH, Ardli E, Kajita T. Current biodiversity status, distribution, and prospects of seaweed in Indonesia: A systematic review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31073. [PMID: 38779002 PMCID: PMC11109829 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds are a valuable component of marine biodiversity that play multiple essential roles in Indonesia's coastal ecology and economy. This systematic review (1993-2023) aimed to provide an updated overview of seaweed distribution, biodiversity, cultivation, and industry in Indonesia. The literature search derived from major databases, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS) and ResearchGate (RG), and Google Scholar (GS) retrieved 794 studies, after removing 80 duplicates, identified 646 studies passed title and abstract screening that satisfied all criteria: Indonesia, seaweed, seaweed biodiversity and composition, which consisted of 80 exclusion studies. Full text screening decided 194 studies were selected based on the specific inclusion criteria (at least two criteria passed: seaweed distribution site, species, cultivation, and habitat). After additional filtering, 137 studies were included for extraction and analysis. We found that Indonesia is rich in seaweed biodiversity, with at least 325 identified species consisting of 103 Chlorophyceae (green algae), 167 Rhodophyceae (red algae), and 55 Phaeophyceae (brown algae), respectively. Seaweed distribution and abundance in Indonesia are influenced by environmental factors, including nutrients, grazing, competition, physical tolerance, light intensity, and degree of water circulation. Seaweed species are predominantly found in mangrove forests and coral reefs on the islands of Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, and Sulawesi. This review provides an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of the distribution and biodiversity of seaweeds in Indonesia, highlighting the ecological, economic, and cultivation of marine resources. In addition, we identify knowledge gaps and areas for further research, which can inform sustainable seaweed management and utilization in Indonesia. This review also emphasizes the significance of this marine resource to Indonesia's environment and economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Basyuni
- Center of Excellence for Mangrove, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
| | - Maya Puspita
- Asosiasi Rumput Laut Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rinny Rahmania
- Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Hatim Albasri
- Research Center for Fisheries, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Indra Pratama
- Research Center for Fisheries, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Dini Purbani
- Research Center for Conservation of Marine Resources and Inland Waters, Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
| | - A.A. Aznawi
- Center of Excellence for Mangrove, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
| | - Alfian Mubaraq
- Center of Excellence for Mangrove, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
| | | | - Firman Menne
- Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Bosowa, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Yulizar Ihrami Rahmila
- Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Severino G. Salmo III
- Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Arida Susilowati
- Center of Excellence for Mangrove, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
| | - Siti H. Larekeng
- Biodiversity Research Group, Faculty of Forestry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, 23, Indonesia
| | - Erwin Ardli
- Faculty of Biology, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto Utara, Banyumas, 53122, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Tadashi Kajita
- Iriomote Station, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Taketomi, Okinawa, 907-1541, Japan
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Khan N, Sudhakar K, Mamat R. Macroalgae farming for sustainable future: Navigating opportunities and driving innovation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28208. [PMID: 38560151 PMCID: PMC10981073 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Seaweed cultivation has garnered significant interest, driven by its wide range of biomass benefits. However, comprehensive assessments from various perspectives are imperative to ensure the sustainable cultivation of seaweed. Biotic and Abiotic factors can significantly impact seaweed yield in complex commercial farming. Biotic factors include bacteria, fungi, viruses, and other algae, while abiotic factors include environmental conditions such as temperature, salinity, light intensity, and nutrient availability. Additionally, the susceptibility of seaweeds to pests and diseases further compounds the issue, leading to potential crop losses. This study endeavours to shed light on the immense potential of macroalgae cultivation and underscores the pressing need for scientific advancements in this field. The comprehensive review clearly explains the latest developments in seaweed cultivation and highlights significant advances from diverse seaweed research. Moreover, it provides insightful glimpses into possible future developments that could shape the trajectory of this promising industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Khan
- Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, 26300, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
- Centre of Research in Advanced Fluid and Processes (Fluid Centre), Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, 26300, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - K. Sudhakar
- Centre for Automotive Engineering Centre, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Pekan, 26600, Malaysia
- Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Pekan, 26600, Pahang, Malaysia
- Energy Centre, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, 462003, India
| | - R. Mamat
- Centre for Automotive Engineering Centre, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Pekan, 26600, Malaysia
- Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Pekan, 26600, Pahang, Malaysia
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Amrullah A, Farobie O. Conversion and rate behavior of brown macroalgae in pyrolysis: Detailed effects of operating parameters. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18350. [PMID: 37519704 PMCID: PMC10372732 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-catalytic pyrolysis of brown macroalgae (Padina sp.) was studied in a batch reactor at temperature ranges of 400-600 °C and 10-90 min reaction times on the product distribution and conversion rate behavior. The highest pyro-oil and pyro-gas yields were obtained at 600 °C, which reached 67 wt% and 27 wt%, respectively, when the reaction times were prolonged (30-90 min). In addition, the high reaction temperature resulted in more generations of heavy tar and a considerable enhancement in aromatization degree. N-aromatic groups and phenol were observed from pyro-oil at 500 °C and 600 °C, respectively. Tar yield increased with reaction temperature, reflecting an order of reaction greater than one for tar production. The rate constant of tar formation was found to be 0.0013/s at 400 °C; 0.0023/s at 500 °C; and 0.0033/s at 600 °C, respectively, with the reaction order being higher than one (1.25). These findings highlighted that the proposed model could be used to accurately predict the pyrolysis process's behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apip Amrullah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
- Division for Biomass and Energy, Wetland-Based Material (WBM) Research Center, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
| | - Obie Farobie
- Department of Mechanical and Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), IPB Darmaga Campus, PO BOX 220, Bogor, West Java 16680, Indonesia
- Surfactant and Bioenergy Research Center (SBRC), IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Pajajaran No. 1, IPB Baranangsiang Campus, Bogor, West Java 16144, Indonesia
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Biomolecules from Macroalgae-Nutritional Profile and Bioactives for Novel Food Product Development. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020386. [PMID: 36830755 PMCID: PMC9953460 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweed is in the spotlight as a promising source of nutrition for humans as the search for sustainable food production systems continues. Seaweed has a well-documented rich nutritional profile containing compounds such as polyphenols, carotenoids and polysaccharides as well as proteins, fatty acids and minerals. Seaweed processing for the extraction of functional ingredients such as alginate, agar, and carrageenan is well-established. Novel pretreatments such as ultrasound assisted extraction or high-pressure processing can be incorporated to more efficiently extract these targeted ingredients. The scope of products that can be created using seaweed are wide ranging: from bread and noodles to yoghurt and milk and even as an ingredient to enhance the nutritional profile and stability of meat products. There are opportunities for food producers in this area to develop novel food products using seaweed. This review paper discusses the unique properties of seaweed as a food, the processes involved in seaweed aquaculture, and the products that can be developed from this marine biomass. Challenges facing the industry such as consumer hesitation around seaweed products, the safety of seaweed, and processing hurdles will also be discussed.
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Kasanah N, Ulfah M, Imania O, Hanifah AN, Marjan MID. Rhodophyta as Potential Sources of Photoprotectants, Antiphotoaging Compounds, and Hydrogels for Cosmeceutical Application. Molecules 2022; 27:7788. [PMID: 36431889 PMCID: PMC9697178 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds are macroscopic, multicellular, eukaryotic and photosynthetic organisms, and are a source of chemical diversity with powerful biological activities for diversified industrial applications including cosmeceuticals. Red seaweeds (Rhodophyta) are good sources of Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAA) for photoprotectant and antiphotoaging compounds. In addition, Rhodophyta are also good sources for hydrogel compounds that are used widely in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries as gelling agents, moisturizers or for their antiphotoaging effects. Our survey and ongoing studies revealed that the biodiversity of Indonesian Rhodophyta is rich and is a treasure trove for cosmeceutical agents including MAA and hydrogels. This study delivers valuable information for identifying potential red seaweeds in screening and searching for cosmeceutical agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noer Kasanah
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
- Integrated Agrocomplex Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Maria Ulfah
- Integrated Agrocomplex Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Okmalisda Imania
- Integrated Agrocomplex Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Annisa Nur Hanifah
- Integrated Agrocomplex Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
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Turan H, Çatlı G, Kardelen AD, Böber E, Akıncı A, Çetinkaya S, Demirbaş Ö, Er E, Evliyaoğlu SO, Dündar B, Ercan O. Diagnostic Value of Bilateral Petrosal Sinus Sampling in Children with Cushing Disease: A Multi-center Study. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2022; 14:29-36. [PMID: 34538049 PMCID: PMC8900078 DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2021.2021.0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although the sensitivity and specificity of bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS) were shown to be quite high in adult patients, pediatric studies are limited in number and have conflicting results, since BIPSS is much less commonly performed in children. The aim of this study was to assess the role of BIPSS in the detection and accuracy of lateralization of pituitary adenomas in pediatric patients with Cushing disease (CD) and its possible advantage over other diagnostic methods. METHODS This was a multicenter, nationwide, web-based study. The diagnostic value of BIPSS in 16 patients, aged between four and 16.5 years with a confirmed diagnosis of CD, was evaluated retrospectively. The sensitivity and specificity of BIPSS and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were calculated, and compared statistically. RESULTS Standard tests, except for morning cortisol level, were effective in proving the presence of Cushing syndrome. While MRI findings were consistent with microadenoma in eight cases (50%), CD presence and lateralization was successfully predicted in 14 of 16 patients using BIPSS. BIPSS compared with MRI examination was significantly more accurate, both in pre-stimulation and post-stimulation results (p=0.047 and p=0.041, respectively). BIPSS showed a significantly higher sensitivity (92.8%) than MRI in detecting the pituitary source of adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion. CONCLUSION These results suggest that BIPSS is superior to MRI for diagnostic work-up to confirm the diagnosis of CD. Moreover, in line with previous studies, BIPSS was shown to provide better information about adenoma location, which is vital for possible surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hande Turan
- İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gönül Çatlı
- İzmir Kâtip Çelebi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Aslı Derya Kardelen
- İstanbul University, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ece Böber
- Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ayşehan Akıncı
- İnönü University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Semra Çetinkaya
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Dr. Sami Ulus Obstetrics and Gynecology, Child Health and Diseases, Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özgecan Demirbaş
- Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Eren Er
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Saadet Olcay Evliyaoğlu
- İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Bumin Dündar
- İzmir Kâtip Çelebi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Oya Ercan
- İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey,* Address for Correspondence: İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey Phone: +90 533 356 58 70 E-mail:
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Seaweeds for the sustainable blue economy development: A study from the south east coast of Bangladesh. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09079. [PMID: 35295662 PMCID: PMC8918839 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bangladesh is a maritime country with an area of 118000 km2 which supports a large number of commercially important species. Currently seaweeds are considered as important component of blue economy development in Bangladesh and farming is practiced at small scale level (Hypnea spp, Caulerpha reacemosa, Gelidium sp. are cultured). For the expansion of the seaweed farming in Bangladesh, a complete understanding of social and economic status of current farmers is important. However, information on socio-economic status of seaweed industry in Bangladesh is very limited. Therefore, this study aimed to understand existing culture methods and their cost, marketing channel and problems with seaweed farming in south east coast of Bangladesh. We used questionnaire survey and focus group discussions to collect data from seaweed farmers, researchers, local community and entrepreneurs. The study found that farmers are currently practicing long-line and horizontal net methods for the seaweed farming in the south east coastal region. The study also found that these culture methods are economically profitable. Seaweeds are currently sold locally and a proper value chain for seaweed marketing is still missing. Existing seaweed farmers are facing the problems related to insufficient credits for starting seaweed farming, lack of proper guidelines for farming and processing of harvested seaweed. This study suggests that for industrial level expansion of seaweed production in Bangladesh a proper value chain, development of seaweed derived products, farm monitoring systems, smooth seed supply and information hubs are required.
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Seaweed Fertilizer Prepared by EM-Fermentation Increases Abundance of Beneficial Soil Microbiome in Paddy (Oryza sativa L.) during Vegetative Stage. FERMENTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8020046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive use of chemical fertilizer could potentially decrease soil productivity by decreasing soil microbiome diversity. In this study, we evaluated the effects of fermented seaweed fertilizer in the soil microbial community of paddy plants (Oryza sativa L.). The paddy seedlings were divided into five groups, control (C0), chemical fertilizer (CF), seaweed fertilizer (SF), chemical and seaweed fertilizer combination 50:50 (CFSF1), and chemical and fertilizer combination 75:25 (CFSF2). The CFSF1 combination showed to be the most effective in inducing plant height (83.99 ± 3.70 cm) and number of tillers (24.20 ± 4.08). After 8 weeks after transplantation, the isolated DNA from each soil treatment were subjected to 16S rRNA (v3–v4 region) next-generation sequencing. The beneficial Acidobacteriota was most abundant in CFSF1. At genus level, the nitrifying bacteria MND1 was seen to be abundant in CFSF1 and also present in other SF treatments. The genus Chujaibacter is highly abundant in CF, which potentially plays a role in denitrification resulting in soil degradation. In addition, the CFSF1-treated soils show significantly higher diversity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA). The current results could potentially contribute to the utilization of SF as a bioremediator and promoting green agriculture practice by reducing the amount of CF usage.
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