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Mishra A, Pandey J, Ojha H, Sharma M, Kaur L, Pandey A, Sharma P, Murab S, Singhal R, Pathak M. A green and economic approach to synthesize magnetic Lagenaria siceraria biochar (γ-Fe 2O 3-LSB) for methylene blue removal from aqueous solution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:34038-34055. [PMID: 38696013 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33477-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
In the printing and textile industries, methylene blue (a cationic azo dye) is commonly used. MB is a well-known carcinogen, and another major issue is its high content in industrial discharge. There are numerous removal methodologies that have been employed to remove it from industrial discharge; however, these current modalities have one or more limitations. In this research, a novel magnetized biochar (γ-Fe2O3-LSB) was synthesized using Lagenaria siceraria peels which were further magnetized via the co-precipitation method. The synthesized γ-Fe2O3-LSB was characterized using FTIR, X-ray diffraction, Raman, SEM-EDX, BET, and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) for the analysis of magnetic properties. γ-Fe2O3-LSB showed a reversible type IV isotherm, which is a primary characteristic of mesoporous materials. γ-Fe2O3-LSB had a specific surface area (SBET = 135.30 m2/g) which is greater than that of LSB (SBET = 11.54 m2/g). γ-Fe2O3-LSB exhibits a saturation magnetization value (Ms) of 3.72 emu/g which shows its superparamagnetic nature. The batch adsorption process was performed to analyze the adsorptive removal of MB dye using γ-Fe2O3-LSB. The adsorption efficiency of γ-Fe2O3-LSB for MB was analyzed by varying parameters like the initial concentration of adsorbate (MB), γ-Fe2O3-LSB dose, pH effect, contact time, and temperature. Adsorption isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamics were also studied after optimizing the protocol. The non-linear Langmuir model fitted the best to explain the adsorption isotherm mechanism and resulting adsorption capacity ( q e =54.55 mg/g). The thermodynamics study showed the spontaneous and endothermic nature, and pseudo-second-order rate kinetics was followed during the adsorption process. Regeneration study showed that γ-Fe2O3-LSB can be used up to four cycles. In laboratory setup, the cost of γ-Fe2O3-LSB synthesis comes out to be 162.75 INR/kg which is low as compared to commercially available adsorbents. The results obtained suggest that magnetic Lagenaria siceraria biochar, which is economical and efficient, can be used as a potential biochar material for industrial applications in the treatment of wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jyoti Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Himanshu Ojha
- Division of Radiological, Nuclear and Imaging Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig S K Mazumdar Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Malti Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Miranda House, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Lajpreet Kaur
- Division of Radiological, Nuclear and Imaging Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig S K Mazumdar Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Solid State Physics Laboratory, DRDO, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Pankaj Sharma
- BioX Center, School of Biosciences & Bioengineering, IIT Mandi, Kamand, Himachal Pradesh, 175075, India
| | - Sumit Murab
- BioX Center, School of Biosciences & Bioengineering, IIT Mandi, Kamand, Himachal Pradesh, 175075, India
| | - Rahul Singhal
- Department of Chemistry, Shivaji College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110027, India
| | - Mallika Pathak
- Department of Chemistry, Miranda House, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
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Yang X, Liu D, He H, Zou J, Wang D, Zhang L, Tang Y. Preparation and characterization of EI-Co/Zr@AC and the mechanisms underlying its removal for atrazine in aqueous solution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:5116-5131. [PMID: 38112872 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31544-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine, a widely used herbicide in agriculture, is detrimental to both the ecological environment and human health owing to its extensive use, poor degradability, and biotoxicity. The technology commonly used to remove atrazine from water is activated carbon adsorption, but it has the problems of difficult recovery, secondary contamination, and a low removal rate. To efficiently remove atrazine from agricultural wastewater, in this study, a new environmental material, embedding immobilization (EI)-Co- and Zr-modified activated carbon powder (Co/Zr@AC), was prepared by immobilizing the bimetallic Co/Zr@AC via EI technique and employed to remove atrazine. When preparing EI-Co/Zr@AC, the single-factor experiment was conducted and determined the optimal preparation conditions: sodium alginate 2.5% (wt), calcium chloride 4.0% (wt), Co/Zr@AC 1.0% (wt), and bentonite 2.0% (wt). The prepared EI-Co/Zr@AC has a three-dimensional mesh structure and many pores and also possesses good mass transfer performance and mechanical properties. The removal efficiency by EI-Co/Zr@AC for the removal of 5.0 mg/L atrazine from 50 mL was 94.1% at pH 7.0 and 25°C, with an EI-Co/Zr@AC dosage of 0.8 g. The mechanistic study showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model could describe the removal process better than the pseudo-first-order kinetic model, and the Freundlich isotherm model fit better than other isotherm models. Additionally, the synthesized EI-Co/Zr@AC spheres demonstrated good reusability, with the atrazine removal rate remaining 70.4% after five cycles, and the mechanical properties of the spheres were stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Danxia Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Huijun He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology for Science and Education Combined With Science and Technology Innovation Base, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China.
| | - Jianmei Zou
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Dunqiu Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology for Science and Education Combined With Science and Technology Innovation Base, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Yiyan Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
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Ding M, Ma Z, Su H, Li Y, Yang K, Dang L, Li F, Xue B. Preparation of porous biochar and its application in supercapacitors. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03455g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In this study, economical porous biochar was prepared from an apricot shell and used as an electrode material for a supercapacitor, showing excellent capacitance, cycling stability and rate performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingtao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education, Changchun 130022, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Ziwen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education, Changchun 130022, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Hao Su
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education, Changchun 130022, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Ye Li
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education, Changchun 130022, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Kuo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education, Changchun 130022, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Lianfa Dang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education, Changchun 130022, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Fangfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education, Changchun 130022, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Bing Xue
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education, Changchun 130022, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
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