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Alinkina E, Don E, Gizitdinova O, Samsonova L, Petrova A, Stepanov G, Tarasov S. A novel technique for studying the effects of technologically processed antibodies by evaluating the rate of oxidation of ascorbic acid during the reduction of the green-blue ABTS + radical. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 304:123323. [PMID: 37688877 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Since the pharmaceutical market is developing, there is a need for novel techniques for determining the physical-chemical properties of drug solutions. Drugs based on technologically processed antibodies (TPA) are an example of compounds that require a methodology for studying their effects. It has been shown that the process of external impacts during the manufacture of TPA-based drugs can induce breaking of intermolecular and intramolecular bonds in the solvent molecules, providing the emergence of new bonds with the molecules of the substance used for the manufacture of an active pharmaceutical ingredient. This article focuses on the technique applied for assessing the mentioned effect of TPA and consists in spectrophotometric observation of the oxidation process of ascorbic acid (AA) in the solution. The amount of oxidized AA was detected using ABTS·+(2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical-cation, which, when interacting with AA, is reduced and changes the color from green-blue to colorless. This technique showed the reproducibility of statistically significant differences in the amount of oxidized AA in the presence of TPA compared to controls and can be used to detect the changes in the properties of solutions exposed to the effect of the TPA samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Alinkina
- R&D Department, OOO «NPF «Materia Medica Holding», 129272, 47-1, Trifonovskaya st, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Don
- R&D Department, OOO «NPF «Materia Medica Holding», 129272, 47-1, Trifonovskaya st, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Olesia Gizitdinova
- R&D Department, OOO «NPF «Materia Medica Holding», 129272, 47-1, Trifonovskaya st, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Liudmila Samsonova
- R&D Department, OOO «NPF «Materia Medica Holding», 129272, 47-1, Trifonovskaya st, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia Petrova
- R&D Department, OOO «NPF «Materia Medica Holding», 129272, 47-1, Trifonovskaya st, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - German Stepanov
- R&D Department, OOO «NPF «Materia Medica Holding», 129272, 47-1, Trifonovskaya st, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Tarasov
- R&D Department, OOO «NPF «Materia Medica Holding», 129272, 47-1, Trifonovskaya st, Moscow, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Physiologically Active Substances, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8, Baltiyskaya st, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Jerman I, Ogrizek L, Krapež VP, Jan L. Molecular Signal Transfer of Highly Diluted Antibodies to Interferon-Gamma Regarding Kind, Time, and Distance of Exposition. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:656. [PMID: 38203831 PMCID: PMC10779297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Physicochemical examinations of very high dilution (UHD) solutions subjected to certain physical factors (such as shaking) are becoming more frequent and are increasingly producing conclusive results. A much less studied phenomenon is the transfer of molecular information (i.e., UHD signals of dilute substances) from one liquid to another without an intermediate liquid phase. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of such a transfer of the UHD signal from the UHD solutions to the receiver solution, in particular, if the molecular source used in the donor solutions was the biologically active antibodies to interferon-gamma molecule. We were especially interested in how the transfer of the UHD signal is affected by the time of exposure of the receiver to the donor, the distance between the two, and how the transfer is affected by activation (striking) versus exposure alone. Signal transfer was evaluated by differential measurements of electrical conductivity, ORP, pH, and UV/VIS spectroscopy of the exposed liquid. The results showed that activation strongly influences signal transfer and that this can be compensated to some extent by prolonged direct exposure. In principle, exposure time has a positive effect on signal transfer. Interestingly, the results of different distances between the donor and receiver showed similar changes in the parameters in the range of 0-4 cm, as estimated in this study. While the study mainly confirms the two hypotheses, it also raises a number of new questions and provides clues for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Jerman
- BION Institute, Stegne 21, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (L.O.); (V.P.K.); (L.J.)
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Jerman I, Ogrizek L, Periček Krapež V, Jan L. Physicochemical Study of the Molecular Signal Transfer of Ultra-High Diluted Antibodies to Interferon-Gamma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11961. [PMID: 37569336 PMCID: PMC10418998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Physicochemical investigations of (UHD) solutions subjected to certain physical factors (like shaking) are becoming more frequent and increasingly yielding convincing results. A much less studied phenomenon is the transfer of molecular information (UHD signals) from one fluid to another without an intermediate liquid phase. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of such a UHD signal transfer from UHD solutions into the receiver fluid, especially when the molecular source used in solutions was a biologically active molecule of antibodies to interferon-gamma. We used physicochemical measurements and UV spectroscopy for this purpose. The results of this large pilot study confirm the possibility of such a transfer and a rough similarity to the original UHD signal donors, the weaker signal detection relative to the original donor fluids, and that exposure time improves the effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Jerman
- BION Institute, Stegne 21, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (L.O.); (V.P.K.); (L.J.)
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Alinkina ES, Molodtsova IV, Petrova AO, Stepanov GO, Don ES. Modifying Distant Effect of High Dilutions of Inorganic and Biological Substances. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 175:331-334. [PMID: 37563537 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05862-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
It is known that highly diluted substances can exert a modifying effect on the initial substances without direct contact with them (distant interaction). The capability of high dilutions of IFNγ and Na2SO4 for the distant modifying effect was studied by the method of terahertz spectroscopy. Statistically significant differences were shown between terahertz characteristics of the initial solution of IFNγ protein and solution that had interacted with high dilutions of IFNγ; in case of sodium sulfate, no such differences were detected. Thus, high dilutions exert a distant modifying effect on the initial substances with complex spatial structure typical of biological molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A O Petrova
- LLC "MATERIA MEDICA HOLDING", Moscow, Russia
| | | | - E S Don
- LLC "MATERIA MEDICA HOLDING", Moscow, Russia.
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Molodtsova IV, Khimich EO, Sosnenko ES, Petrova AO, Stepanov GO, Don ES. Study of the Effects of Highly Diluted Sodium Sulfate and Interferon-Gamma. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 175:327-330. [PMID: 37563538 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05861-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
High dilutions of solutions containing extremely small amounts of the initial substance can modify the biological effects of the initial substance molecules. Using terahertz spectroscopy, we studied the possibility of modifying the physicochemical properties of the initial substance by adding high dilutions of high-molecular-weight (IFNγ) and low-molecular-weight (Na2SO4) compounds. In addition, the modifying effect produced by high dilutions of a low-molecular electrolyte (a solution of Na2SO4 salt) on the initial substance was confirmed by conductometry. This method allows measuring electrical conductivity that also depends on the physicochemical properties of the solution, namely, the number of ions and velocity of their movement. Statistically significant differences were shown between terahertz and conductometric characteristics of the initial solution (inorganic salt Na2SO4 or a protein IFNγ) and a solution, where high dilutions of the same substances were added in different concentrations. Interestingly, the differences were more pronounced for the biological molecule. Thus, it has been shown that high dilutions can change the properties of the initial solution; the effect is more pronounced for the protein solution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E O Khimich
- LLC "MATERIA MEDICA HOLDING", Moscow, Russia
| | | | - A O Petrova
- LLC "MATERIA MEDICA HOLDING", Moscow, Russia
| | | | - E S Don
- LLC "MATERIA MEDICA HOLDING", Moscow, Russia.
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Woods KN. Modeling of protein hydration dynamics is supported by THz spectroscopy of highly diluted solutions. Front Chem 2023; 11:1131935. [PMID: 37361018 PMCID: PMC10290188 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1131935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this investigation, we report the effect on the microscopic dynamics and interactions of the cytokine interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and antibodies to IFN-γ (anti-IFN-γ) and to the interferon gamma receptor 1 (anti-IFNGR1) prepared in highly dilute (HD) solutions of initial proteins. THz spectroscopy measurements have been conducted as a means to analyze and characterize the collective dynamics of the HD samples. MD simulations have also been performed that have successfully reproduced the observed signatures from experimental measurement. Using this joint experimental-computational approach we determine that the HD process associated with the preparation of the highly diluted samples used in this investigation induces a dynamical transition that results in collective changes in the hydrogen-bond network of the solvent. The dynamical transition in the solvent is triggered by changes in the mobility and hydrogen-bonding interactions of the surface molecules in the HD samples and is characterized by dynamical heterogeneity. We have uncovered that the reorganization of the sample surface residue dynamics at the solvent-protein interface leads to both structural and kinetic heterogeneous dynamics that ultimately create interactions that enhance the binding probability of the antigen binding site. Our results indicate that the modified interfacial dynamics of anti-IFN-γ and anti-IFGNR1 that we probe experimentally are directly associated with alterations in the complementarity regions of the distinct antibodies that designate both antigen-antibody affinity and recognition.
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Petrova NV, Emelyanova AG, Tarasov SA, Glubokova ЕА, Каrtashova NP. Antiviral Activity of Technologically Processed Antibodies to CD4 Receptor against Influenza Infection. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 174:250-253. [PMID: 36600043 PMCID: PMC9812737 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05683-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The antiviral activity of technologically processed antibodies to CD4 receptor was evaluated a model of sublethal A/California/04/2009 (H1N1)pdm09-induced influenza infection in female BALB/c mice. The technologically processed antibodies increased animal survival rate by 50% in comparison with the placebo group (p<0.05), which correlated with significant inhibition of virus replication in the lungs (p<0.05). The reference drug Tamiflu increased mouse survival rate (by 47%), decreased the virus titer in the lungs, and prevented body weight loss (p<0.05 in comparison with the placebo group by all parameters). The intrinsic protective activity of technologically processed antibodies to CD4 receptor was demonstrated, which manifested in a decrease in viral load in the lower respiratory tract and an increase in the survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. V. Petrova
- grid.466466.0Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia ,LLC “MATERIA MEDICA HOLDING”, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. G. Emelyanova
- grid.466466.0Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia ,LLC “MATERIA MEDICA HOLDING”, Moscow, Russia
| | - S. A. Tarasov
- grid.466466.0Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia ,LLC “MATERIA MEDICA HOLDING”, Moscow, Russia
| | - Е. А. Glubokova
- grid.419647.9I. I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia
| | - N. P. Каrtashova
- grid.419647.9I. I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia
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Avdeeva MG, Belousova ON, Orlova EA, Khamitov RF, Shvarts YG, Kravchenko IE. Non-specific prevention of COVID-19 during vaccination against a new coronavirus infection: results of a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. TERAPEVT ARKH 2022; 94:1268-1277. [PMID: 37167165 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2022.11.201980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background. A multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial (RCT) of the phase III efficacy and safety of Ergoferon for the non-specific prevention of COVID-19 during vaccination against a new coronavirus infection was conducted (permission of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation №559 dated 22.09.2021; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05069649).
Aim. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the use of Ergoferon for the non-specific prevention of COVID-19 during vaccination against a new coronavirus infection.
Materials and methods. From October 2021 to April 2022, 1,057 patients aged 18 to 92 years who received component I of the Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine were included. After screening, 1,050 patients were randomized into 2 groups: 526 people received Ergoferon according to the prophylactic scheme 1 tablet per administration 2 times a day for 3 weeks, the drug is not allowed during the meal and should be kept in the mouth without swallowing, until completely dissolved; 524 patients received a placebo according to the Ergoferon scheme. The total duration of participation in the study was 5 weeks + 3 days. The primary endpoint is the number of RT-PCR confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection, regardless of the presence of symptoms during participation in the study. An additional criterion of effectiveness is the proportion of those hospitalized with COVID-19. The safety assessment included consideration of the presence and nature of adverse events (AEs), their severity, relationship with the drug intake, and outcome. Statistical data processing was carried out using SAS 9.4 with the calculation of the exact Fisher test, 2 test, CochraneMantelHensel test, Wilcoxon test and other parameters.
Results. The ITT (Intention-to-treat) and PP [Per Protocol] efficacy analysis included data from 1,050 [970] patients: 526 [489] people Ergoferon group and 524 [481] people Placebo group. The primary endpoint the number of laboratory-confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 infections was 3 times less compared to placebo 7 (1.43%) vs 22 (4.57%), respectively (p=0.0046; [p=0.0041]). Taking Ergoferon reduces the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection by more than 3 times in vaccinated patients during 5 weeks of the vaccination and post-vaccination periods (p=0.0046 [p=0.0041]). Of the COVID-19 patients in the Ergoferon group (1.33%) nobody was hospitalized. According to the Post hoc analysis, Ergoferon reduces the risk of COVID-19 disease by 4 times in the period between the components I and II of the Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine (p=0.0066 [p=0.006]). The frequency of AEs in both groups did not differ. There were no registered AEs associated with the drug with a reliable degree. There was a high level of patient compliance and good tolerability.
Conclusion. Ergoferon is an effective and safe drug for the prevention of COVID-19 in people vaccinated against a new coronavirus infection.
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Diclofenac Ion Hydration: Experimental and Theoretical Search for Anion Pairs. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103350. [PMID: 35630826 PMCID: PMC9146526 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-assembly of organic ions in aqueous solutions is a hot topic at the present time, and substances that are well-soluble in water are usually studied. In this work, aqueous solutions of sodium diclofenac are investigated, which, like most medicinal compounds, is poorly soluble in water. Classical MD modeling of an aqueous solution of diclofenac sodium showed equilibrium between the hydrated anion and the hydrated dimer of the diclofenac anion. The assignment and interpretation of the bands in the UV, NIR, and IR spectra are based on DFT calculations in the discrete-continuum approximation. It has been shown that the combined use of spectroscopic methods in various frequency ranges with classical MD simulations and DFT calculations provides valuable information on the association processes of medical compounds in aqueous solutions. Additionally, such a combined application of experimental and calculation methods allowed us to put forward a hypothesis about the mechanism of the effect of diclofenac sodium in high dilutions on a solution of diclofenac sodium.
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Nafion Swelling in Salt Solutions in a Finite Sized Cell: Curious Phenomena Dependent on Sample Preparation Protocol. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14081511. [PMID: 35458261 PMCID: PMC9027590 DOI: 10.3390/polym14081511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
When a membrane of Nafion swells in water, polymer fibers “unwind” into the adjoining liquid. They extend to a maximum of about ~300 μm. We explore features of Nafion nanostructure in several electrolyte solutions that occur when the swelling is constrained to a cell of size less than a distance of 300 μm. The constraint forces the polymer fibers to abut against the cell windows. The strongly amphiphilic character of the polymer leads to a shear stress field and the expulsion of water from the complex swollen fiber mixture. An air cavity is formed. It is known that Nafion membrane swelling is highly sensitive to small changes in ion concentration and exposure to shaking. Here we probe such changes further by studying the dynamics of the collapse of the induced cavity. Deionized water and aqueous salt solutions were investigated with Fourier IR spectrometry. The characteristic times of collapse differ for water and for the salt solutions. The dynamics of the cavity collapse differs for solutions prepared by via different dilution protocols. These results are surprising. They may have implications for the standardization of pharmaceutical preparation processes.
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Emelianova AG, Petrova NV, Fremez C, Fontanié M, Tarasov SА, Epstein ОI. Therapeutic potential of highly diluted antibodies in antibiotic-resistant infection. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 173:106161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Shvartsman G, Skoromets A, Zhivolupov S, Kurushina O, Karpov S, Baranova N, Nesterova M, Smagina I, Prokopenko S, Antipenko E, Novikova L. Therapy of moderate cognitive impairment and asthenia in patients with cerebrovascular pathology: results of a prospective observational study. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2022; 122:88-94. [DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202212208188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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The randomized clinical trial results of the anxiety treatment in patients with somatoform dysfunction and neurotic disorders. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24282. [PMID: 34930979 PMCID: PMC8688518 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03727-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The existing treatments for somatoform dysfunction (SfD), reaction to severe stress (RSS), and adjustment disorders (AjD) are insufficiently effective and safe. Anxiolytic drug Tenoten proved effective in clinical trials (CT). The aim of this multicenter double-blind placebo-controlled randomized CT was to investigate the safety and efficacy of Tenoten in the treatment of anxiety in adults with SfD, RSS, AjD and other neurotic disorders (oNDs). 390 adult patients with SfD, RSS and AjD or oNDs with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale-anxiety (HADS-A) score ≥ 11 were randomized into 4 groups (n = 127 in Tenoten group 1 (4 tablets/day); n = 131 in Tenoten group 3 (8 tablets/day), n = 132 in combined Placebo group 2 + 4). The changes from baseline in the mean Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) score in groups 1 and 3 after 12 weeks were the primary outcome. The decrease of the HAM-A score from 18.81 ± 5.81 to 7.26 ± 4.63 (in group 1) and from 18.38 ± 4.3 to 6.40 ± 4.02 (in group 3) was observed post-treatment (pgroup 1/placebo = 0.0055, pgroup 3/placebo < 0.0001). Overall, 46 adverse events (28 in the Tenoten groups and 18 in the Placebo) were reported without any difference between the study groups. Tenoten performed significantly more effective than placebo in the anxiety treatment of adults with SfD, RSS, AjD and oNDs (clinicaltrials.gov NCT03036293).
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Efficacy and Safety of Ergoferon in Children from 6 Months to 6 Years Old with Acute Respiratory Viral Infections in Contemporary Outpatient Practice: A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trial. Can Respir J 2021; 2021:5570178. [PMID: 34820034 PMCID: PMC8608533 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5570178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ergoferon in combination with symptomatic therapy in children from 6 months to 6 years old with acute respiratory infections (ARI) in contemporary outpatient practice, an international, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, parallel-group clinical trial was performed. Derived by technological treatment of antibodies to interferon gamma, histamine, and CD4, Ergoferon was previously proved to modulate its molecular targets promoting effective antiviral protection. The data of 282 patients with oral temperature ≥38.0°C plus mild to moderate severity of flu-like nonspecific and nasal/throat/chest symptoms were included in intention-to-treat analysis (n = 140, Ergoferon group; n = 142, placebo group). Time to alleviation of all ARI symptoms was the primary endpoint, and 8 outcome measures were estimated as the secondary endpoints. Respiratory viruses were confirmed in 57.1% (Ergoferon) and 54.9% (Placebo) of patients. Compared to placebo, Ergoferon reduced time to alleviation of all ARI symptoms (4.5 ± 1.7 versus 5.2 ± 2.2 days in placebo; p=0.026) including fever (2.8 ± 1.5 vs 3.4 ± 2.0; p=0.031), flu-like nonspecific (4.0 ± 1.8 vs 4.7 ± 2.2, p=0.022), and nasal/throat/chest (4.3 ± 2.0 versus 5.0 ± 2.3; p=0.024) symptoms. Ergoferon add-on therapy decreased the mean total symptom severity score (according to 4-point scale for each symptom), ARI severity, frequency of antipyretic use, and percentage of complication requiring antibiotics and increased the percentage of recovered patients. The incidence of adverse events (AEs) in the Ergoferon group was significantly lower compared to the placebo group (7.0% versus 18.8%; p=0.004) including infectious diseases (3.5% vs 12.5%; p=0.008). In the Ergoferon group, AEs were mild or moderate. In 8 (57.1%) cases, AEs were unrelated to Ergoferon, in 5 (35.7%), the relationship was uncertain, and in 1 (7.1%), it was possible (mild rash on the face). Ergoferon treatment is beneficial for infants and young children with ARI in contemporary outpatient practice. Being well-tolerated, Ergoferon increases the symptomatic therapy effectiveness and improves the patient condition and disease outcomes.
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Demidova TY, Krasil’nikova EI, Vorob’ev SV, Morugova TV, Adasheva TV. The use of drug based on technologically processed antibodies to endocannabinoid receptor type 1 in the treatment of obesity in adults: results of a multicenter double blind placebo controlled randomized clinical trial. TERAPEVT ARKH 2021; 93:904-915. [DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2021.08.200898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aim. To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Dietressa at a dose of 6 tablets per day for 24 weeks in the treatment of patients with Class 1 obesity. To compare the clinical efficacy of two treatment regimens (1 tablet 6 times per day and 2 tablets 3 times per day) for 24 weeks in the treatment of patients with Class 1 obesity.
Materials and methods. A clinical trial included 493 patients with Class 1 obesity from 18 to 65 years. The proportion of patients who lose greater than or equal to 5 percent of baseline body weight, an average decrease of body weight, a change in waist circumference, dynamics of the quality of life, and the safety of the therapy were assessed.
Results. A weight decrease was established among patients without regard to the studied regimens of Dietressa (in a daily dose of 6 tablets with a six- or three-time intake). The goals were achieved by 49% [53%] of patients in the first treatment regimen (statistically significant compared to placebo therapy: p=0.04) [р=0.018]), 48% (51%) in the second (p=0.004 [р=0.0004]) and 48% [52%] of patients in the combined Dietressa group (p=0.0007 [р0.0001]). The average absolute weight loss was -4.44.2 [-4.84.2] kg in the Dietressa-1 group (p=0.0001 [р0.0001]) and -4.44.4 [-4.74.4] kg in the Dietressa-2 group (p0.0001) [р0.0001]). Against the background of the conducted therapy mental component was improved on week 4 (p0.0001) and 24 (p=0.006) as well as parameter of physical health on week 4 (p=0,003) and 12 (p=0,006). Waist circumference significantly decreased every 4 weeks in patients receiving Dietressa (p0.0001 for three comparisons between weeks). A 6-month course of Dietressa therapy demonstrated a favorable safety profile. The frequency of adverse events had no significant differences between Dietressa and Placebo groups.
Conclusion. The monotherapy with Dietressa is safe, and it leads to at least 5 percent reduction in body weight during 24 weeks of therapy in patients with Class 1 obesity.
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New insights into the microscopic interactions associated with the physical mechanism of action of highly diluted biologics. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13774. [PMID: 34215838 PMCID: PMC8253741 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93326-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In this investigation, we report the effect on the microscopic dynamics and interactions of the cytokine interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and antibodies to IFN-γ (anti-IFN-γ) and to the interferon gamma receptor 1 (anti-IFNGR1) prepared in exceptionally dilute solutions of initial proteins. Using both THz spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations we have uncovered that the high dilution method of sample preparation results in the reorganization of the sample surface residue dynamics at the solvent–protein interface that leads to both structural and kinetic heterogeneous dynamics that ultimately create interactions that enhance the binding probability of the antigen binding site. Our results indicate that the modified interfacial dynamics of anti-IFN-γ and anti-IFGNR1 that we probe experimentally are directly associated with alterations in the complementarity regions of the distinct antibodies that designate both antigen–antibody affinity and recognition.
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Avdeev SN, Vizel AA, Abrosimov VN, Zaicev AA, Ignatova GL, Khamitov RF, Mikhaylusova MP, Shapovalova JS, Pavlysh EF, Trofimov BI, Emelyanov AV, Martynenko TI, Martynenko VA, Kostina NE, Chizhov DA, Chizhova OY, Kuzubova NA, Makova EV, Makarova EV. Management of Cough in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Results of the Multicenter Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:1243-1253. [PMID: 33981141 PMCID: PMC8107011 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s292109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic cough declines quality of life and increases risk of complications in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Reducing cough severity and associated negative effects is important therapeutic goal in COPD. Rengalin with anti- and protussive activity is based on technologically processed antibodies to bradykinin, histamine and morphine. Aim To evaluate efficacy and safety of Rengalin in treatment of cough in patients with COPD. Methods Patients (n=238, mean age 64.3±8.2 years) with stable COPD and persistent cough despite maintenance therapy (anticholinergics, beta-2-adrenergic agonists, inhaled corticosteroids) were included and randomized in the study. The severity of cough assessment (according to the “Cough Severity Score”), COPD impact on patient’s life (COPD Assessment Test, CAT), and spirometry were performed at screening. Patients took Rengalin or Placebo 2 tablets 2 times daily for 4 weeks. The endpoints were proportion of patients who responded to treatment, dynamics of cough severity, and severity of COPD symptoms. Intention-to-treat (per protocol) analysis was performed. Results Positive response to Rengalin was recorded in 83.6 [85.7]% (vs 72.6 [72.7]% in Placebo group, p=0.0422 [p=0.0163]). Double decrease of cough severity was reported in 42.2 [43.8]% in Rengalin group (versus 32.7 [32.7]% in Placebo; p=0.1373 [p=0.0907]). The total CAT score decreased by 3.3±4.2 [3.6±3.9] points (versus 2.5±4.1 [2.5±4.2] in Placebo group); the difference between groups was 0.79±4.16 [1.04±4.02] points (p=0.0870 [p=0.0416]). The number of patients with adverse events (AEs) in Rengalin (n=13) and Placebo (n=12) groups did not have significant differences (p=1.00). No AEs with certain relationship with study drug were registered. Conclusion Rengalin is an effective and safe drug in patients with stable COPD and persistent cough, despite stable doses of maintenance therapy according to the GOLD guidelines. Four-week therapy decreases severity of cough by two times in more than 40% of patients. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov (id: NCT03159091).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey N Avdeev
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Vladimir N Abrosimov
- Ryazan State Medical University Named After Academician I.P. Pavlov, Ryazan, Russia
| | - Andrey A Zaicev
- The Main Military Clinical Hospital Named After Academician N.N. Burdenko, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | - Elena F Pavlysh
- Nikiforov's All-Russian Center for Emergency and Radiation Medicine of the Emergencies, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Basil I Trofimov
- I.P. Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander V Emelyanov
- North-Western State Medical University Named After I.I. Mechnikov, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Danila A Chizhov
- St. Petersburg State City Polyclinic No. 106, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Yu Chizhova
- North-Western State Medical University Named After I.I. Mechnikov, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Natalia A Kuzubova
- St. Petersburg State Vvedenskaya City Clinical Hospital, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Ekaterina V Makarova
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.,State City Clinical Hospital No. 10, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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18
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Spitsin AI, Bush AA, Kamentsev KE. Piezoelectric and dielectric properties of Bi 3TiNbO 9 prepared by hot pressing from powders activated using the serial dilution method. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22198. [PMID: 33335172 PMCID: PMC7747744 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78826-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Bi-based layer structure ferroelectrics are the most promising compounds for the fabrication of high-temperature piezoelectric materials. Studies aiming to develop and optimize the techniques to produce efficient high-density piezoelectric ceramics, and to investigate the effects of ceramics production conditions on their structure and functional properties, have become high-priority objectives of modern piezo-engineering. We applied ultra high dilution (UHD) technology to pre-treat Bi3TiNbO9 powders and used hot pressing to prepare perovskite-layer structured ceramic specimens. Main characteristics of the synthesized piezoelectric ceramic specimens (the dimensions of the Bi3TiNbO9 orthorhombic unit cell, dielectric permittivity, dielectric loss, piezoelectric coefficient d33 and pyroelectric coefficient pσ) and their temperature-dependent variations were studied using piezoelectric, dielectric, and pyroelectric measurements. X-ray diffraction studies demonstrated that the prepared ceramics were single phased, and highly textured, as their plate-like crystallites were preferentially aligned perpendicularly to the pressure axis on hot pressing. For d33, an increase in values of more than 20% was found for samples obtained using a combined modification of the UHD technology and hot pressing (12 pC/N) relative to intact samples, and more than two times relative to unmodified Bi3TiNbO9 ceramics (6 pC/N). Due to their characteristics, the obtained ceramics are promising materials for high-temperature applications; of particular interest is potential use, as electroacoustic transducers and sensors for operation at high temperatures. Thus, the UHD technology can modify the properties of ceramics and is relatively easy to implement. This makes it attractive for use in various fields of science and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Spitsin
- MIREA - Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA), Moscow, Russia, 119454
| | - A A Bush
- MIREA - Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA), Moscow, Russia, 119454.
| | - K E Kamentsev
- MIREA - Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA), Moscow, Russia, 119454
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Ninham BW, Bolotskova PN, Gudkov SV, Juraev Y, Kiryanova MS, Kozlov VA, Safronenkov RS, Shkirin AV, Uspenskaya EV, Bunkin NF. Formation of Water-Free Cavity in the Process of Nafion Swelling in a Cell of Limited Volume; Effect of Polymer Fibers Unwinding. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12122888. [PMID: 33276553 PMCID: PMC7761572 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
When Nafion swells in water, colloidal particles are repelled from the polymer surface; this effect is called the formation exclusion zone (EZ), and the EZ size amounts to several hundred microns. However, still no one has investigated the EZ formation in a cell whose dimension is close to the EZ size. It was also shown that, upon swelling in water, Nafion fibers “unwind” into the water bulk. In the case of a cell of limited volume, unwound fibers abut against the cell windows, and water is completely pushed out from the region between the polymer and the cell window, resulting in a cavity appearance. The temporal dynamics of the collapse of this cavity was studied depending on the cell size. It is shown that the cavity formation occurs due to long-range forces between polymer strands. It turned out that this scenario depends on the isotopic composition of the water, ionic additives and water pretreatment. The role of nanobubbles in the formation and collapse of the cavity were analyzed. The results obtained allowed us to conclude that the EZ formation is precisely due to the unwinding of polymer fibers into the liquid bulk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry W. Ninham
- Department of Applied Mathematics, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia;
| | - Polina N. Bolotskova
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2-nd Baumanskaya str. 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia; (P.N.B.); (M.S.K.); (V.A.K.); (R.S.S.)
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.G.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Sergey V. Gudkov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.G.); (A.V.S.)
- Department Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Gagarina Ave., 23, 603950 Nizhni Novgorod, Russia
| | - Yulchi Juraev
- Department of Theoretical Physics and Quantum Electronics, Samarkand State University, University blv. 15, Samarkand City 140104, Uzbekistan;
| | - Mariya S. Kiryanova
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2-nd Baumanskaya str. 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia; (P.N.B.); (M.S.K.); (V.A.K.); (R.S.S.)
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.G.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Valeriy A. Kozlov
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2-nd Baumanskaya str. 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia; (P.N.B.); (M.S.K.); (V.A.K.); (R.S.S.)
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.G.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Roman S. Safronenkov
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2-nd Baumanskaya str. 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia; (P.N.B.); (M.S.K.); (V.A.K.); (R.S.S.)
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.G.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Alexey V. Shkirin
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.G.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Elena V. Uspenskaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya str. 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Nikolai F. Bunkin
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2-nd Baumanskaya str. 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia; (P.N.B.); (M.S.K.); (V.A.K.); (R.S.S.)
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.G.); (A.V.S.)
- Correspondence:
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20
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Zavadenko NN, Skripchenko NV, Gaynetdinova DD, Khaletskaya OV, Doronina OB, Suvorinova NY, Sagautdinova ES, Boychevskaya YO, Panteleeva MV, Teplyakova ED, Antonova TI. [Developmental disorders of academic skills in children: the efficacy and safety of Tenoten for children in the multicenter double-blind placebo-controlled randomized study]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2020; 120:28-36. [PMID: 33081444 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202012009128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tenoten for children in the treatment of specific developmental disorders of academic skills in children of 1-3 grades. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two hundred and forty children, aged 7-9 years, (Total set, Safety population) with verified specific reading disorder (F81.0), specific spelling disorder (F81.1), specific disorder of arithmetical skills (F81.2), mixed disorder of scholastic skills (F81.3; F81.2+F81.0, or F81.2+F81.1, or F81.2+F81.0+F81.1), diagnosed with the use of logopedic or psychological testing (15-35 scores in Fotekova T.A. and Akhutina T.V. reading and writing tests; 5-15 scores in arithmetical subscale of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children) were enrolled in the study. CT was conducted in 10 clinical centers in Russian Federation in 2015- 2019. Patients were randomized into two groups. The first one (n=122) received tenoten for children in a dose of 1 tablet 3 times a day, the second one (n=118) was administered placebo in the same dosage regimen. The clinical data on 237 children (121 of the tenoten group and 116 of the placebo group) were used for Intention-to-treat efficacy analysis. Data on 220 children (115 of the tenoten group and 105 of the placebo group) were included in Per-protocol analysis. The duration of study was 12 weeks. The mean total academic skills (reading, spelling, and counting) score in groups after 12 weeks of treatment was set as the primary efficacy endpoint. RESULTS The mean total academic skills score increased by 18.55±15.87 points. The significant total difference between the median changes in the total score in the tenoten and placebo groups was 5 points. There was a trend towards positive changes in reading and spelling mean scores in tests that didn't reach statistical significance due to lack of normal distribution of points in samples. There were 73 adverse events (AEs) in 42 patients of the tenoten group and 95 AEs in 31 children of the placebo group. No serious or severe AEs were registered in the tenoten group. No AEs definitely related to the study treatment were registered. No negative drug interactions were observed in the tenoten group. CONCLUSIONS Tenoten for children is an effective and safe treatment for specific developmental disorders of academic skills in primary school children. Tenoten for children is well tolerated. The treatment is characterized by a high level of adherence of children and their parents to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N N Zavadenko
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - N V Skripchenko
- Scientific Research Institute of Children's Infections of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - O V Khaletskaya
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia.,LLC «NIJMEDKLINIKA», Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia
| | - O B Doronina
- Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - N Yu Suvorinova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E Sh Sagautdinova
- Sverdlovsk Region Children's Clinical Hospital of Rehabilitation The Scientific and Practical Center Bonum, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Yu O Boychevskaya
- Specialized Clinical Psychiatric Hospital No. 1 of the Ministry of Health of the Krasnodar Region, Krasnodar, Russia
| | - M V Panteleeva
- Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute («MONIKI»), Moscow, Russia
| | - E D Teplyakova
- «Children's city polyclinic No. 4» of Rostov-on-Don, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - T I Antonova
- St. Petersburg «Children's city clinic No. 35», St. Petersburg, Russia
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21
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Tarasov SA, Gorbunov EA, Don ES, Emelyanova AG, Kovalchuk AL, Yanamala N, Schleker ASS, Klein-Seetharaman J, Groenestein R, Tafani JP, van der Meide P, Epstein OI. Insights into the Mechanism of Action of Highly Diluted Biologics. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:1345-1354. [PMID: 32727888 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic use of Abs in cancer, autoimmunity, transplantation, and other fields is among the major biopharmaceutical advances of the 20th century. Broader use of Ab-based drugs is constrained because of their high production costs and frequent side effects. One promising approach to overcome these limitations is the use of highly diluted Abs, which are produced by gradual reduction of an Ab concentration to an extremely low level. This technology was used to create a group of drugs for the treatment of various diseases, depending on the specificity of the used Abs. Highly diluted Abs to IFN-γ (hd-anti-IFN-γ) have been demonstrated to be efficacious against influenza and other respiratory infections in a variety of preclinical and clinical studies. In the current study, we provide evidence for a possible mechanism of action of hd-anti-IFN-γ. Using high-resolution solution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we show that the drug induced conformational changes in the IFN-γ molecule. Chemical shift changes occurred in the amino acids located primarily at the dimer interface and at the C-terminal region of IFN-γ. These molecular changes could be crucial for the function of the protein, as evidenced by an observed hd-anti-IFN-γ-induced increase in the specific binding of IFN-γ to its receptor in U937 cells, enhanced induced production of IFN-γ in human PBMC culture, and increased survival of influenza A-infected mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Tarasov
- OOO "NPF "Materia Medica Holding," 127473 Moscow, Russian Federation.,The Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Elena S Don
- OOO "NPF "Materia Medica Holding," 127473 Moscow, Russian Federation.,The Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandra G Emelyanova
- OOO "NPF "Materia Medica Holding," 127473 Moscow, Russian Federation.,The Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Naveena Yanamala
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - A Sylvia S Schleker
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - Judith Klein-Seetharaman
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | | | | | | | - Oleg I Epstein
- OOO "NPF "Materia Medica Holding," 127473 Moscow, Russian Federation.,The Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russian Federation
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22
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The Role of Water in the Effect of Weak Combined Magnetic Fields on Production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) by Neutrophils. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10093326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Various models have been used to demonstrate the pronounced effects of the microwave frequency range electromagnetic fields, as well as weak and very weak combined collinear magnetic fields (CMF) with static and variable components in the order of micro- and nano-tesla. One of such models, previously shown to be sensitive to variations in the parameters of applied magnetic fields, is the neutrophil respiratory burst. Using luminol-enhanced cell chemiluminescence assay, we studied the effects of the CMF exerted directly on neutrophil suspensions and, indirectly, through aqueous solutions. To experimentally create a uniform standard weak CMF with 60 µT static and 100 nT alternating magnetic field components, we engineered a shielded magnetic field induction device. CMF applied directly to neutrophils enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by more than 36%. The pronounced stimulating effect was observed only when using the signals that included the frequency of 12.6 Hz that corresponds to the ion cyclotron resonance (ICR) frequency of the hydrated hydronium ion. Similarly, to direct exposure, CMF pre-treatment of a water sample subsequently added to the neutrophil suspension increased ROS production by 66%. The effect of CMF pre-treatment was retained after a series of dilutions and mechanical treatment but disappeared in “magnetic vacuum” or without mechanical influence. Therefore, weak and super weak magnetic fields may indirectly, via water, activate ROS production by neutrophils, provided that modulation of super weak component of collinear field corresponds to the ICR frequency of the hydrated hydronium ion.
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23
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The Gross–Pitaevskii Equation with a Nonlocal Interaction in a Semiclassical Approximation on a Curve. Symmetry (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/sym12020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We propose an approach to constructing semiclassical solutions for the generalized multidimensional Gross–Pitaevskii equation with a nonlocal interaction term. The key property of the solutions is that they are concentrated on a one-dimensional manifold (curve) that evolves over time. The approach reduces the Cauchy problem for the nonlocal Gross–Pitaevskii equation to a similar problem for the associated linear equation. The geometric properties of the resulting solutions are related to Maslov’s complex germ, and the symmetry operators of the associated linear equation lead to the approximation of the symmetry operators for the nonlocal Gross–Pitaevskii equation.
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Don E, van der Meide N, Egorov V, Putilovskiy M, Tarasov S. The level of natural autoantibodies to IFN-gamma in varicella infection treated with antiviral drug Anaferon for children: A pilot study. Immunol Lett 2019; 222:90-94. [PMID: 31838028 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Natural circulating antibodies (NAbs) to endogenous regulators have shown to be potential biomarkers in medicine. Due to the lack of reliable assays, only few of them have been well studied. To employ NAbs as biomarkers, an evaluation of changes over the course of a treatment is required. This paper describes our work to analyze the dynamics of NAbs titer to interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) among healthy children of different age and in patients with varicella infection receiving an antiviral drug Anaferon for children (AC, the API are highly diluted antibodies to IFN-γ) in comparison with placebo, and to correlate the findings with the treatment results. IFN-γ plays an essential role during varicella infection, and this fact causes the consequent increase of NAbs to IFN-γ level. The mean anti-IFN-γ NAbs level in the healthy volunteer group was 101 × 103 U/ml (age: 0-15 years), which was significantly lower than the mean pre-treatment value in patients with varicella infection 167 × 103 U/ml (age: 3-17 years). In the AC group, the NAbs level observed on days 5 and 10 decreased significantly to a level of 154 × 103 U/ml, whereas in the placebo group it continued to rise in a time-dependent manner reaching 229 × 103 U/ml on day 10. Our findings suggest that treatment with AC is characterized by "normalization" of the anti-IFN-γ NAbs levels in patients with varicella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Don
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315, Moscow, Russia; OOO «NPF «Materia Medica Holding», 129272, Moscow, Russia.
| | | | - Valery Egorov
- Bashkir State Medical University 450000, Ufa, Bashkortostan Republic, Russia
| | | | - Sergey Tarasov
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315, Moscow, Russia; OOO «NPF «Materia Medica Holding», 129272, Moscow, Russia
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Andrianova E, Putilovskiy M. Efficacy and safety of Ergoferon versus oseltamivir: Reply to the Letter to the Editor. Int J Infect Dis 2019; 89:190-192. [PMID: 31626982 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Andrianova
- Research and Development Department, Materia Medica Holding, Moscow, Russian Federation, Russia.
| | - Mikhail Putilovskiy
- Research and Development Department, Materia Medica Holding, Moscow, Russian Federation, Russia
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26
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Blokhin BM, Shamsheva OV, Chernaya NL, Sitnikov IG, Lazareva SG, Balzerovich NB, Perminova OA, Zhiglinskaya OV, Koshavtseva MY. Results of a multicentre double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial of the liquid form of Anaferon for children in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infections. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.21508/1027-4065-2019-64-4-105-113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are major causes of morbidity in children. Symptomatic treatment is insufficiently effective and requires additional drugs with etiotropic action. This multi-center double blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical study with superiority model design considers a liquid formulation of Anaferon for children.Methods. The study included 142 children from 1 month to 3 years 11 month 29 days old with ARI of the upper respiratory tract. They were randomized into Anaferon for children and Placebo groups (71 in each group) via interactive voice randomization system. The treatment period was 5 days, observation period – 14 days. The average duration of the symptoms and the severity of the respiratory disease were used as primary efficacy endpoints.Results. All 142 patients were randomized and included into ITT (Intention to treat) analysis. 140 patients (70 patients in each group) were included into PP-analysis. The patients in the Anaferon for children group had better results with average duration of ARI as compared to the Placebo group (87.7±31.5h vs. 103.3±19.4h; p =0.007). The authors marked efficacy of Anaferon for children in such parameters as disease severity (ITT-analysis: p=0.0004), total severity of disease symptoms (ITT-analysis: ANOVA: “Group” factor p=0.0004; “Day” factor p<0.0001), and percentage of recovered patients (Log-rank test, p=0.035). There were no discrepancies between the groups in concomitant therapy (ITT-analysis: ANOVA “Group-Day” factor p=0.88), bacterial complications frequency (p=1.0), adverse effects (Fisher criteria: p=0.5321). The authors registered 14 cases of adverse events (10 cases in Anaferon group and 4 cases in Placebo group) in 11 patients. None of the adverse events had a certain or probable relation to the studied drug.Conclusion. Anaferon for children proved their efficiency and safety in young children with ARI.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. M. Blokhin
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
| | - O. V. Shamsheva
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University;
Immunization Services Center “DIAVAX”
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Kanareikina MA, Alinkina ES, Petrova AO, Emel'yanova AG, Gorbunov EA, Tarasov SA. Ergoferon Increases IL-2 Production by Activated Lymphocytes. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019; 166:744-746. [PMID: 31020588 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04431-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We studied the effects of Ergoferon on the production of antiviral cytokine IL-2 by type 1 CD4+T cells. Preincubation of Jurkat cells with Ergoferon increased IL-2 secretion by these cells after stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate/ionomycine in comparison with the placebo group. The data prove that Ergoferon is capable of activating cell cascades involved in the realization of the antiviral immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Kanareikina
- Materia Medica Holding Research-and-Production Company, Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia.
| | - E S Alinkina
- Materia Medica Holding Research-and-Production Company, Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A O Petrova
- Materia Medica Holding Research-and-Production Company, Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A G Emel'yanova
- Materia Medica Holding Research-and-Production Company, Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Gorbunov
- Materia Medica Holding Research-and-Production Company, Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - S A Tarasov
- Laboratory of Physiologically Active Substances, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathophysiology, Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Y Panchin
- Sector of Molecular Evolution, Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikita N Khromov-Borisov
- Department of the Mathematical Modeling and Analysis, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Evgenia V Dueva
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Approximate Solutions and Symmetry of a Two-Component Nonlocal Reaction-Diffusion Population Model of the Fisher–KPP Type. Symmetry (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/sym11030366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
We propose an approximate analytical approach to a ( 1 + 1 ) dimensional two-component system consisting of a nonlocal generalization of the well-known Fisher–Kolmogorov–Petrovskii– Piskunov (KPP) population equation and a diffusion equation for the density of the active substance solution surrounding the population. Both equations of the system have terms that describe the interaction effects between the population and the active substance. The first order perturbation theory is applied to the system assuming that the interaction parameter is small. The Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin (WKB)–Maslov semiclassical approximation is applied to the generalized nonlocal Fisher–KPP equation with the diffusion parameter assumed to be small, which corresponds to population dynamics under certain conditions. In the framework of the approach proposed, we consider symmetry operators which can be used to construct families of special approximate solutions to the system of model equations, and the procedure for constructing the solutions is illustrated by an example. The approximate solutions are discussed in the context of the released activity effect variously debated in the literature.
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Don ЕS, Bobrovnik SА, Sherriff G, Myslivets AА, Tarasov SА, Epstein ОI. Advanced approach to activity evaluation for released-active forms of antibodies to interferon-gamma by enzyme-linked immunoassay. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2019; 40:250-268. [DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2019.1567536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Еlena S. Don
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathophysiology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
- Research & Analytical Department, OOO “NPF “MATERIA MEDICA HOLDING”, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey А. Bobrovnik
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Gordon Sherriff
- Ab Biotechnology Limited, Pentlands Science Park, Penicuik, Midlothian, UK
| | - Andrey А. Myslivets
- Research & Analytical Department, OOO “NPF “MATERIA MEDICA HOLDING”, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey А. Tarasov
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathophysiology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
- Research & Analytical Department, OOO “NPF “MATERIA MEDICA HOLDING”, Moscow, Russia
| | - Оleg I. Epstein
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathophysiology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
- Research & Analytical Department, OOO “NPF “MATERIA MEDICA HOLDING”, Moscow, Russia
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31
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On Non-Linear Behavior of Viscosity in Low-Concentration Solutions and Aggregate Structures. Symmetry (Basel) 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/sym10090368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, an experimental method that may reveal possible aggregate symmetrical structures in highly diluted solutions is proposed, generated by the method of the release activity, which is not yet completely proven. The release activity phenomenon (regardless of whether or not it is real) could be viewed as being quite controversial. However, the focus of this paper is to reveal any possible higher-order, pragmatic, underlying symmetry or structure supporting this theory, by proposing an experiment based on viscosity. Our proposal is based on the sequential measurement of the viscosity of a highly diluted solution and the perturbative expansion of the viscosity as a function of the concentration. The coefficients of this perturbative expansion directly quantify the modification of the hydrodynamic flow around particles and around higher-order structures. Any deviation from a linear dependence of the viscosity, as a function of the concentration, could potentially reveal a collective structure of some sort, or some symmetrical pattern in the solvent. We describe our experimental proposal for non-electrolyte solutes, and future directions for revealing collective structures in solutions are discussed as related to the release activity method. Regardless of whether or not the release activity is pragmatic, it needs to be scrutinized in order to reveal its inner workings. Finally, some theoretical arguments are presented to support the proposal.
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Kardash EV, Ertuzun IA, Khakimova GR, Kolyadin AN, Tarasov SA, Wagner S, Andriambeloson E, Ivashkin VT, Epstein OI. Dose-Response Effect of Antibodies to S100 Protein and Cannabinoid Receptor Type 1 in Released-Active Form in the Light-Dark Test in Mice. Dose Response 2018; 16:1559325818779752. [PMID: 30013455 PMCID: PMC6043939 DOI: 10.1177/1559325818779752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Earlier studies have shown that combination of antibodies to S100 protein and to cannabinoid receptor type 1 in released-active form (Brizantin) may possess anxiolytic properties and decrease nicotine dependence. Released-active form of antibodies is a novel approach that permits to modify natural functions of the target molecule (antigen) under investigation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anxiolytic-like effect of Brizantin in the light-dark test in mice, according to its ability to influence the number of entries into the lit compartment and the total time spent there. Three doses of Brizantin (2.5, 5, and 10 mL/kg) were compared with diazepam (1 mg/kg), placebo, and vehicle control. Anxiolytic-like effect of the tested drug was shown to be dose dependent, with an increasing trend from 2.5 to 10 mL/kg. Brizantin in its highest dose significantly increased studied behavioral parameters, although its effect was less pronounced than that of the reference drug diazepam (1 mg/kg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Kardash
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Irina A Ertuzun
- OOO "NPF "Materia Medica Holding", Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | | | - Sergey A Tarasov
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | | | - Vladimir T Ivashkin
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Oleg I Epstein
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
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