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Beesley A, Beyer SF, Wanders V, Levecque S, Bredenbruch S, Habash SS, Schleker ASS, Gätgens J, Oldiges M, Schultheiss H, Conrath U, Langenbach CJG. Engineered coumarin accumulation reduces mycotoxin-induced oxidative stress and disease susceptibility. Plant Biotechnol J 2023; 21:2490-2506. [PMID: 37578146 PMCID: PMC10651151 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Coumarins can fight pathogens and are thus promising for crop protection. Their biosynthesis, however, has not yet been engineered in crops. We tailored the constitutive accumulation of coumarins in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana, Glycine max and Arabidopsis thaliana plants, as well as in Nicotiana tabacum BY-2 suspension cells. We did so by overexpressing A. thaliana feruloyl-CoA 6-hydroxylase 1 (AtF6'H1), encoding the key enzyme of scopoletin biosynthesis. Besides scopoletin and its glucoside scopolin, esculin at low level was the only other coumarin detected in transgenic cells. Mechanical damage of scopolin-accumulating tissue led to a swift release of scopoletin, presumably from the scopolin pool. High scopolin levels in A. thaliana roots coincided with reduced susceptibility to the root-parasitic nematode Heterodera schachtii. In addition, transgenic soybean plants were more tolerant to the soil-borne pathogenic fungus Fusarium virguliforme. Because mycotoxin-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species and cell death were reduced in the AtF6'H1-overexpressors, the weaker sensitivity to F. virguliforme may be caused by attenuated oxidative damage of coumarin-hyperaccumulating cells. Together, engineered coumarin accumulation is promising for enhanced disease resilience of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sebastian F. Beyer
- Department of Plant PhysiologyRWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
- Present address:
BASF SE, Agricultural CenterLimburgerhofGermany
| | - Verena Wanders
- Department of Plant PhysiologyRWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Sophie Levecque
- Department of Plant PhysiologyRWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | | | - Samer S. Habash
- Department of Molecular PhytomedicineUniversity of BonnBonnGermany
- Present address:
BASF Vegetable SeedsNunhemNetherlands
| | | | - Jochem Gätgens
- Department of Bioprocesses and BioanalyticsResearch Center Jülich GmbHJülichGermany
| | - Marco Oldiges
- Department of Bioprocesses and BioanalyticsResearch Center Jülich GmbHJülichGermany
| | | | - Uwe Conrath
- Department of Plant PhysiologyRWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
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Schleker ASS, Rist M, Matera C, Damijonaitis A, Collienne U, Matsuoka K, Habash SS, Twelker K, Gutbrod O, Saalwächter C, Windau M, Matthiesen S, Stefanovska T, Scharwey M, Marx MT, Geibel S, Grundler FMW. Author Correction: Mode of action of fluopyram in plant-parasitic nematodes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13748. [PMID: 37612331 PMCID: PMC10447416 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40484-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Sylvia S Schleker
- Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Karlrobert‑Kreiten‑Straße 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Marc Rist
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred‑Nobel‑Str. 50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany.
| | - Christiane Matera
- Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Karlrobert‑Kreiten‑Straße 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Arunas Damijonaitis
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred‑Nobel‑Str. 50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Ursel Collienne
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred‑Nobel‑Str. 50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Koichi Matsuoka
- Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Karlrobert‑Kreiten‑Straße 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Samer S Habash
- Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Karlrobert‑Kreiten‑Straße 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany
- BASF Vegetable Seeds, Napoleonsweg 152, 6083 AB, Nunhem, The Netherlands
| | - Katja Twelker
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred‑Nobel‑Str. 50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Oliver Gutbrod
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred‑Nobel‑Str. 50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Corinna Saalwächter
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred‑Nobel‑Str. 50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Maren Windau
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred‑Nobel‑Str. 50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Svend Matthiesen
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred‑Nobel‑Str. 50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Tatyana Stefanovska
- Department of Entomology, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine
| | - Melanie Scharwey
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred‑Nobel‑Str. 50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Michael T Marx
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred‑Nobel‑Str. 50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Sven Geibel
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred‑Nobel‑Str. 50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Florian M W Grundler
- Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Karlrobert‑Kreiten‑Straße 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany
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Schleker ASS, Rist M, Matera C, Damijonaitis A, Collienne U, Matsuoka K, Habash SS, Twelker K, Gutbrod O, Saalwächter C, Windau M, Matthiesen S, Stefanovska T, Scharwey M, Marx MT, Geibel S, Grundler FMW. Mode of action of fluopyram in plant-parasitic nematodes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11954. [PMID: 35831379 PMCID: PMC9279378 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15782-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) are responsible for severe yield losses in crop production. Management is challenging as effective and safe means are rare. Recently, it has been discovered that the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) inhibitor fluopyram is highly effective against PPN while accompanying an excellent safety profile. Here we show that fluopyram is a potent inhibitor of SDH in nematodes but not in mammals, insects and earthworm, explaining the selectivity on molecular level. As a consequence of SDH inhibition, fluopyram impairs ATP generation and causes paralysis in PPN and Caenorhabditis elegans. Interestingly, efficacy differences of fluopyram amongst PPN species can be observed. Permanent exposure to micromolar to nanomolar amounts of fluopyram prevents Meloidogyne spp. and Heterodera schachtii infection and their development at the root. Preincubation of Meloidogyne incognita J2 with fluopyram followed by a recovery period effectively reduces gall formation. However, the same procedure does not inhibit H. schachtii infection and development. Sequence comparison of sites relevant for ligand binding identified amino acid differences in SDHC which likely mediate selectivity, coincidently revealing a unique amino acid difference within SDHC conserved among Heterodera spp. Docking and C. elegans mutant studies suggest that this minute difference mediates altered sensitivity of H. schachtii towards fluopyram.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sylvia S Schleker
- Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Marc Rist
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred-Nobel-Str.50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany.
| | - Christiane Matera
- Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Arunas Damijonaitis
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred-Nobel-Str.50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Ursel Collienne
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred-Nobel-Str.50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Koichi Matsuoka
- Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Samer S Habash
- Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany
- BASF Vegetable Seeds, Napoleonsweg 152, 6083 AB, Nunhem, The Netherlands
| | - Katja Twelker
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred-Nobel-Str.50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Oliver Gutbrod
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred-Nobel-Str.50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Corinna Saalwächter
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred-Nobel-Str.50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Maren Windau
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred-Nobel-Str.50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Svend Matthiesen
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred-Nobel-Str.50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Tatyana Stefanovska
- Department of Entomology, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine
| | - Melanie Scharwey
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred-Nobel-Str.50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Michael T Marx
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred-Nobel-Str.50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Sven Geibel
- Research and Development, CropScience Division, Bayer AG, Alfred-Nobel-Str.50, 40789, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Florian M W Grundler
- Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany
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Naureen A, Nasim FUH, Choudhary MS, Ashraf M, Grundler FMW, Schleker ASS. A new endophytic fungus CJAN1179 isolated from the Cholistan desert promotes lateral root growth in Arabidopsis and produces IAA through tryptophan-dependent pathway. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:181. [PMID: 35175443 PMCID: PMC8854254 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02768-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Fungi, important for growth of plants in arid lands, are expected to be involved in novel biochemical activities during fungal–plant interactions. We isolated 150 fungi associated with rhizosphere and root endosphere of two perennial grasses, Cymbopogon jwarancusa and Panicum antidotale, from Cholistan desert. The isolates were screened for their impact on plant growth and development using Arabidopsis thaliana (Col-0) as a model system. A root-endophytic fungus CJAN1179 from C. jwarancusa showed the highest plant growth-promoting effects. The most remarkable was enhanced number of lateral roots (3.1-fold). CJAN1179 produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) particularly in the presence of tryptophan. ITS sequence and phylogenetic analysis characterisation suggested the fungus to be a new species within Sordariomycetidae. CJAN1179 appears to promote plant growth by secreting IAA using tryptophan as a precursor. This fungus can be further explored for its suitability to promote growth of commercially important crops, particularly in arid regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeela Naureen
- Chemistry Department, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63000, Pakistan.,INRES, Molecular Phytomedicine, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Faiz-Ul H Nasim
- Chemistry Department, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63000, Pakistan.,Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Baghdad Ul Jadeed Campus, Bahawalpur, 63000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad S Choudhary
- Department of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Chemistry Department, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63000, Pakistan
| | - Florian M W Grundler
- INRES, Molecular Phytomedicine, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - A Sylvia S Schleker
- INRES, Molecular Phytomedicine, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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5
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Huang M, Bulut A, Shrestha B, Matera C, Grundler FMW, Schleker ASS. Bacillus firmus I-1582 promotes plant growth and impairs infection and development of the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii over two generations. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14114. [PMID: 34239009 PMCID: PMC8266893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93567-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes wreak havoc on crops by root parasitism worldwide. An approach to combat nematode root parasitism is the application of antagonistic microbes like the rhizobacterium Bacillus firmus I-1582 which is promoted as biological control agent. Although B. firmus is a known nematode antagonist in general, the underlying mechanisms about its interaction with nematodes and plants have not yet been elucidated. Therefore, we explored the influence of B. firmus I-1582 as well as its extracellular and secreted molecules on plant–nematode interaction utilizing the plant–pathogen system Arabidopsis thaliana–Heterodera schachtii. We demonstrated that B. firmus I-1582 is attracted by A. thaliana root exudates, particularly by those of young plants. The bacterium colonized the root and showed a strictly pH-dependent development and plant growth promotion effect. Our results revealed that root colonization by B. firmus I-1582 significantly protected A. thaliana from infestation by the beet cyst nematode whereas dead bacterial cells or the culture supernatant were not effective. The bacterium also negatively affected nematode reproduction as well as pathogenicity and development of next generation nematodes. The obtained results highlight B. firmus I-1582 as a promising biocontrol agent that is well suited as an element of integrated control management strategies in sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Huang
- INRES-Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Aylin Bulut
- INRES-Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bidhya Shrestha
- INRES-Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christiane Matera
- INRES-Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Florian M W Grundler
- INRES-Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - A Sylvia S Schleker
- INRES-Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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6
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Matera C, Grundler FM, Schleker ASS. Sublethal fluazaindolizine doses inhibit development of the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii during sedentary parasitism. Pest Manag Sci 2021; 77:3571-3580. [PMID: 33840151 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fluazaindolizine is a new compound for the control of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) with an unknown and novel mode-of-action. This compound is very effective against important PPNs. However, investigations elucidating the impact of sublethal fluazaindolizine doses on early nematode virulence and plant-nematode interaction parameters are lacking. RESULTS The effect of direct exposure of Heterodera schachtii juveniles to 50 ppm fluazaindolizine was negligible. Infection assays revealed a 57% reduction in adult females at 1.25 ppm and a 46% reduction in offspring at 40 ppm when juveniles were soaked in the compound for 48 h and subsequently inoculated onto Arabidopsis thaliana. Pre-incubation of A. thaliana roots with fluazaindolizine was not effective against H. schachtii. Conversely, supplementing the plant growth medium with fluazaindolizine led to a significant reduction of adults (-35%), females (-75%) and female size at 1.25 ppm and nearly completely inhibited nematode parasitism at 5 ppm. The impact of fluazaindolizine on A. thaliana was dependent on plant age, compound concentration and duration of contact. Very low sublethal fluazaindolizine concentrations, 5 or 10 ppm, did not interfere with nematode mobility, host finding, penetration, and induction of the feeding site, but specifically inhibited sedentary nematode development inside the root in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Fluazaindolizine does not have direct toxicity against PPN infective juveniles, but has a clear effect on nematodes during sedentary development. The formation of females and the development of offspring are strongly reduced. It will be interesting to identify the underlying mechanism in the future. © 2021 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Matera
- INRES-Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Florian Mw Grundler
- INRES-Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - A Sylvia S Schleker
- INRES-Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Hilgers F, Habash SS, Loeschcke A, Ackermann YS, Neumann S, Heck A, Klaus O, Hage-Hülsmann J, Grundler FMW, Jaeger KE, Schleker ASS, Drepper T. Heterologous Production of β-Caryophyllene and Evaluation of Its Activity against Plant Pathogenic Fungi. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9010168. [PMID: 33466643 PMCID: PMC7828715 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9010168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Terpenoids constitute one of the largest and most diverse groups within the class of secondary metabolites, comprising over 80,000 compounds. They not only exhibit important functions in plant physiology but also have commercial potential in the biotechnological, pharmaceutical, and agricultural sectors due to their promising properties, including various bioactivities against pathogens, inflammations, and cancer. In this work, we therefore aimed to implement the plant sesquiterpenoid pathway leading to β-caryophyllene in the heterologous host Rhodobacter capsulatus and achieved a maximum production of 139 ± 31 mg L-1 culture. As this sesquiterpene offers various beneficial anti-phytopathogenic activities, we evaluated the bioactivity of β-caryophyllene and its oxygenated derivative β-caryophyllene oxide against different phytopathogenic fungi. Here, both compounds significantly inhibited the growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Fusarium oxysporum by up to 40%, while growth of Alternaria brassicicola was only slightly affected, and Phoma lingam and Rhizoctonia solani were unaffected. At the same time, the compounds showed a promising low inhibitory profile for a variety of plant growth-promoting bacteria at suitable compound concentrations. Our observations thus give a first indication that β-caryophyllene and β-caryophyllene oxide are promising natural agents, which might be applicable for the management of certain plant pathogenic fungi in agricultural crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Hilgers
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (F.H.); (A.L.); (Y.S.A.); (O.K.); (J.H.-H.); (K.-E.J.)
| | - Samer S. Habash
- INRES—Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (S.S.H.); (S.N.); (F.M.W.G.)
| | - Anita Loeschcke
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (F.H.); (A.L.); (Y.S.A.); (O.K.); (J.H.-H.); (K.-E.J.)
| | - Yannic Sebastian Ackermann
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (F.H.); (A.L.); (Y.S.A.); (O.K.); (J.H.-H.); (K.-E.J.)
| | - Stefan Neumann
- INRES—Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (S.S.H.); (S.N.); (F.M.W.G.)
| | - Achim Heck
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-1: Biotechnology) Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany;
| | - Oliver Klaus
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (F.H.); (A.L.); (Y.S.A.); (O.K.); (J.H.-H.); (K.-E.J.)
| | - Jennifer Hage-Hülsmann
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (F.H.); (A.L.); (Y.S.A.); (O.K.); (J.H.-H.); (K.-E.J.)
| | - Florian M. W. Grundler
- INRES—Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (S.S.H.); (S.N.); (F.M.W.G.)
| | - Karl-Erich Jaeger
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (F.H.); (A.L.); (Y.S.A.); (O.K.); (J.H.-H.); (K.-E.J.)
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-1: Biotechnology) Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany;
| | - A. Sylvia S. Schleker
- INRES—Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (S.S.H.); (S.N.); (F.M.W.G.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.S.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Thomas Drepper
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (F.H.); (A.L.); (Y.S.A.); (O.K.); (J.H.-H.); (K.-E.J.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.S.S.); (T.D.)
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8
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Habash SS, Könen PP, Loeschcke A, Wüst M, Jaeger KE, Drepper T, Grundler FMW, Schleker ASS. The Plant Sesquiterpene Nootkatone Efficiently Reduces Heterodera schachtii Parasitism by Activating Plant Defense. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249627. [PMID: 33348829 PMCID: PMC7765886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant parasitic nematodes, including the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii, constitute a devastating problem for crops worldwide. The limited availability of sustainable management options illustrates the need for new eco-friendly control means. Plant metabolites represent an invaluable source of active compounds for the discovery of such novel antagonistic agents. Here, we evaluated the impact of eight plant terpenoids on the H. schachtii parasitism of Arabidopsis thaliana. None of the metabolites affected the plant development (5 or 10 ppm). Nootkatone decreased the number of adult nematodes on A. thaliana to 50%, with the female nematodes being smaller compared to the control. In contrast, three other terpenoids increased the parasitism and/or female size. We discovered that nootkatone considerably decreased the number of nematodes that penetrated A. thaliana roots, but neither affected the nematode viability or attraction to plant roots, nor triggered the production of plant reactive oxygen species or changed the plant's sesquiterpene profile. However, we demonstrated that nootkatone led to a significant upregulation of defense-related genes involved in salicylic and jasmonic acid pathways. Our results indicate that nootkatone is a promising candidate to be developed into a novel plant protection agent acting as a stimulator of plant immunity against parasitic nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer S. Habash
- Molecular Phytomedicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany;
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (A.L.); k.- (K.-E.J.); (T.D.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.H.); (A.S.S.S.)
| | - Philipp P. Könen
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 19C, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (P.P.K.); (M.W.)
| | - Anita Loeschcke
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (A.L.); k.- (K.-E.J.); (T.D.)
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52426 Jülich, Germany
| | - Matthias Wüst
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 19C, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (P.P.K.); (M.W.)
| | - Karl-Erich Jaeger
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (A.L.); k.- (K.-E.J.); (T.D.)
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52426 Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Thomas Drepper
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (A.L.); k.- (K.-E.J.); (T.D.)
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52426 Jülich, Germany
| | - Florian M. W. Grundler
- Molecular Phytomedicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany;
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (A.L.); k.- (K.-E.J.); (T.D.)
| | - A. Sylvia S. Schleker
- Molecular Phytomedicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany;
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (A.L.); k.- (K.-E.J.); (T.D.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.H.); (A.S.S.S.)
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9
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Tarasov SA, Gorbunov EA, Don ES, Emelyanova AG, Kovalchuk AL, Yanamala N, Schleker ASS, Klein-Seetharaman J, Groenestein R, Tafani JP, van der Meide P, Epstein OI. Insights into the Mechanism of Action of Highly Diluted Biologics. J Immunol 2020; 205:1345-1354. [PMID: 32727888 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic use of Abs in cancer, autoimmunity, transplantation, and other fields is among the major biopharmaceutical advances of the 20th century. Broader use of Ab-based drugs is constrained because of their high production costs and frequent side effects. One promising approach to overcome these limitations is the use of highly diluted Abs, which are produced by gradual reduction of an Ab concentration to an extremely low level. This technology was used to create a group of drugs for the treatment of various diseases, depending on the specificity of the used Abs. Highly diluted Abs to IFN-γ (hd-anti-IFN-γ) have been demonstrated to be efficacious against influenza and other respiratory infections in a variety of preclinical and clinical studies. In the current study, we provide evidence for a possible mechanism of action of hd-anti-IFN-γ. Using high-resolution solution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we show that the drug induced conformational changes in the IFN-γ molecule. Chemical shift changes occurred in the amino acids located primarily at the dimer interface and at the C-terminal region of IFN-γ. These molecular changes could be crucial for the function of the protein, as evidenced by an observed hd-anti-IFN-γ-induced increase in the specific binding of IFN-γ to its receptor in U937 cells, enhanced induced production of IFN-γ in human PBMC culture, and increased survival of influenza A-infected mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Tarasov
- OOO "NPF "Materia Medica Holding," 127473 Moscow, Russian Federation.,The Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Elena S Don
- OOO "NPF "Materia Medica Holding," 127473 Moscow, Russian Federation.,The Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandra G Emelyanova
- OOO "NPF "Materia Medica Holding," 127473 Moscow, Russian Federation.,The Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Naveena Yanamala
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - A Sylvia S Schleker
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - Judith Klein-Seetharaman
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | | | | | | | - Oleg I Epstein
- OOO "NPF "Materia Medica Holding," 127473 Moscow, Russian Federation.,The Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russian Federation
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10
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Topalović O, Bredenbruch S, Schleker ASS, Heuer H. Microbes Attaching to Endoparasitic Phytonematodes in Soil Trigger Plant Defense Upon Root Penetration by the Nematode. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:138. [PMID: 32161610 PMCID: PMC7052486 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are among the most aggressive phytonematodes. While moving through soil to reach the roots of their host, specific microbes attach to the cuticle of the infective second-stage juveniles (J2). Reportedly, the attached microorganisms affect nematodes and reduce their performance on the host plants. We have previously shown that some non-parasitic bacterial strains isolated from the cuticle of Meloidogyne hapla in different soils affected J2 mortality, motility, hatching, and root invasion. Here we tested whether cuticle-attached microbes trigger plant defenses upon penetration of J2. In in vitro assays, M. hapla J2-attached microbes from a suppressive soil induced pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) in tomato roots. All tested PTI-responsive defense genes were upregulated after root invasion of J2 with attached microbes, compared to surface-sterilized J2, particularly the jasmonic acid-mediated PTI marker genes TFT1 and GRAS4.1. The strain Microbacterium sp. K6, that was isolated from the cuticle, significantly reduced root invasion when attached to the J2. Attached K6 cells supported plant defense and counteracted suppression of plant basal defense in roots by invaded J2. The plant response to the J2-attached K6 cells was stronger in leaves than in roots, and it increased from 1 to 3 days post inoculation (dpi). At 1 dpi, the plant responded to J2-attached K6 cells by ameliorating the J2-triggered down-regulation of defense genes mostly in roots, while at 3 dpi this response was systemic and more pronounced in leaves. In a reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, the compounds released from J2 with attached K6 cells triggered a stronger ROS burst in tomato roots than the compounds from nematodes without K6, or the metabolites released from strain K6 alone. Leaves showed a 100 times more sensitive response than roots, and the metabolites of K6 with or without J2 induced strong ROS bursts. In conclusion, our results suggest the importance of microorganisms that attach to M. hapla in suppressive soil, inducing early basal defenses in plants and suppressing nematode performance in roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivera Topalović
- Department of Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Julius Kühn-Institut—Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sandra Bredenbruch
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, INRES—Molecular Phytomedicine, Bonn, Germany
| | - A. Sylvia S. Schleker
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, INRES—Molecular Phytomedicine, Bonn, Germany
| | - Holger Heuer
- Department of Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Julius Kühn-Institut—Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Braunschweig, Germany
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11
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Habash SS, Brass HUC, Klein AS, Klebl DP, Weber TM, Classen T, Pietruszka J, Grundler FMW, Schleker ASS. Novel Prodiginine Derivatives Demonstrate Bioactivities on Plants, Nematodes, and Fungi. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:579807. [PMID: 33178246 PMCID: PMC7596250 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.579807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial metabolites represent an invaluable source of bioactive molecules which can be used as such or serve as chemical frameworks for developing new antimicrobial compounds for various applications including crop protection against pathogens. Prodiginines are tripyrrolic, red-colored compounds produced by many bacterial species. Recently, due to the use of chemical-, bio-, or mutasynthesis, a novel group of prodiginines was generated. In our study, we perform different assays to evaluate the effects of prodigiosin and five derivatives on nematodes and plant pathogenic fungi as well as on plant development. Our results showed that prodigiosin and the derivatives were active against the bacterial feeding nematode Caenorhabditis elegans in a concentration- and derivative-dependent manner while a direct effect on infective juveniles of the plant parasitic nematode Heterodera schachtii was observed for prodigiosin only. All compounds were found to be active against the plant pathogenic fungi Phoma lingam and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Efficacy varied depending on compound concentration and chemical structure. We observed that prodigiosin (1), the 12 ring- 9, and hexenol 10 derivatives are neutral or even positive for growth of Arabidopsis thaliana depending on the applied compound concentration, whereas other derivatives appear to be suppressive. Our infection assays revealed that the total number of developed H. schachtii individuals on A. thaliana was decreased to 50% in the presence of compounds 1 or 9. Furthermore, female nematodes and their associated syncytia were smaller in size. Prodiginines seem to indirectly inhibit H. schachtii parasitism of the plant. Further research is needed to elucidate their mode of action. Our results indicate that prodiginines are promising metabolites that have the potential to be developed into novel antinematodal and antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer S. Habash
- INRES Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- *Correspondence: Samer S. Habash, ; orcid.org/0000-0002-4493-1451
| | - Hannah U. C. Brass
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Stetternicher Forst, Jülich, Germany
| | - Andreas S. Klein
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Stetternicher Forst, Jülich, Germany
| | - David P. Klebl
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Stetternicher Forst, Jülich, Germany
| | - Tim Moritz Weber
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Stetternicher Forst, Jülich, Germany
| | - Thomas Classen
- IBG-1: Bioorganic Chemistry, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Jörg Pietruszka
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Stetternicher Forst, Jülich, Germany
- IBG-1: Bioorganic Chemistry, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | | | - A. Sylvia S. Schleker
- INRES Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- A. Sylvia S. Schleker,
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12
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Troost K, Loeschcke A, Hilgers F, Özgür AY, Weber TM, Santiago-Schübel B, Svensson V, Hage-Hülsmann J, Habash SS, Grundler FMW, Schleker ASS, Jaeger KE, Drepper T. Engineered Rhodobacter capsulatus as a Phototrophic Platform Organism for the Synthesis of Plant Sesquiterpenoids. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1998. [PMID: 31555236 PMCID: PMC6742980 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sesquiterpenoids are a large class of natural compounds offering manifold properties valuable for food, cosmetics, agriculture, and pharma industry. Production in microorganisms is a sustainable approach to provide sesquiterpenoids for research and industrial use independent of their natural sources. This requires the functional transfer of the respective biocatalytic pathways in an adequate host microorganism offering a sufficient supply of precursors that is ideally adjusted to the individual demand of the recombinant biosynthesis route. The phototrophic purple bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus offers unique physiological properties that are favorable for biosynthesis of hydrophobic terpenes. Under phototrophic conditions, it develops a large intracytoplasmic membrane suitable for hosting membrane-bound enzymes and metabolites of respective biosynthetic pathways. In addition, Rhodobacter harbors an intrinsic carotenoid biosynthesis that can be engineered toward the production of foreign terpenes. Here, we evaluate R. capsulatus as host for the production of plant sesquiterpenoids under phototrophic conditions using patchoulol and valencene as a proof of concept. The heterologous expression of patchoulol synthase PcPS from Pogostemon cablin as well as the valencene synthases CsVS from Citrus sinensis and CnVS from Callitropsis nootkatensis led to the production of the respective sesquiterpenoids in R. capsulatus. To analyze, if gradually adjustable formation of the key precursor farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP) is beneficial for sesquiterpene synthesis under phototrophic conditions, the intrinsic 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate (DXP) pathway genes as well as the heterologous mevalonate pathway genes were modularly expressed in various combinations. To this end, different plasmids and chromosomally integrated expression tools were developed harboring the strong and tightly controlled Pnif promoter for heterologous gene expression. Notably, comparative studies identified a distinct combination of precursor biosynthetic genes as best-performing setup for each of the tested sesquiterpene synthases. In summary, we could demonstrate that R. capsulatus is a promising alternative platform organism that is suited for sustainable sesquiterpenoid formation under phototrophic cultivation conditions. A modular engineering of R. capsulatus strains via tailored co-expression of FPP biosynthetic genes further allowed adaptation of sesquiterpene precursor formation to its catalytic conversion by different plant terpene synthases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Troost
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Anita Loeschcke
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Fabienne Hilgers
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Armagan Yakup Özgür
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Tim Moritz Weber
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Beatrix Santiago-Schübel
- Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics ZEA-3, Analytics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Vera Svensson
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Jennifer Hage-Hülsmann
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Samer S Habash
- INRES-Molecular Phytomedicine, Rhenish Friedrich-Wilhelm University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Florian M W Grundler
- INRES-Molecular Phytomedicine, Rhenish Friedrich-Wilhelm University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - A Sylvia S Schleker
- INRES-Molecular Phytomedicine, Rhenish Friedrich-Wilhelm University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karl-Erich Jaeger
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1, Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Thomas Drepper
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
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