1
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Gao WB, Li Z, Tong T, Dong X, Qu H, Yang L, Sue ACH, Tian ZQ, Cao XY. Chiral Molecular Cage with Tunable Stereoinversion Barriers. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:17795-17804. [PMID: 37527407 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The manipulation of chirality in molecular entities that rapidly interconvert between enantiomeric forms is challenging, particularly at the supramolecular level. Advances in controlling such dynamic stereochemical systems offer opportunities to understand chiral symmetry breaking and homochirality. Herein, we report the synthesis of a face-rotating tetrahedron (FRT), an organic molecular cage composed of tridurylborane facial units that undergo stereomutations between enantiomeric trefoil propeller-like conformations. After resolution, we show that the racemization barrier of the enantiopure FRT can be regulated in situ through the reversible binding of fluoride anions onto the tridurylborane moieties. Furthermore, the addition of an enantiopure phenylethanol to the FRT can effectively induce chirality of the molecular cage by preferentially binding to one of its enantiomeric conformers. This study presents a new paradigm for controlling dynamic chirality in supramolecular systems, which may have implications for asymmetric synthesis and dynamic stereochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhihao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Tianyi Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xue Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Liulin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Andrew C-H Sue
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhong-Qun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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2
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Liu G, Zhang W, Xiao Y, Cao J, Liang Y, Liu G, Zhou L, Gong J, Wang J, Wang Q. Dimerized Nitrogen-Annulated Perylene Synthesized from 1,6-Diazecine as Chiral Emitter. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203550. [PMID: 36720699 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work, nitrogen-annulated perylene (NP) was dimerized into one framework connected by two nitrogen atoms, generating the target molecule of DNP-DA. Owing to the substructure of 1,6-diazecine ten-membered ring, DNP-DA illustrates helical chirality with moderate dissymmetry factor, elevated molecular levels, expanded conjugation and supramolecular interactions with acceptors etc. Notably, DNP-DA represents a limited example of nitrogen-perylene based CPL emitter with glum around 6×10-3 . Intrigued by the facile fabrication via a simple amination-cross coupling sequence and other above advancing features, this work demonstrates the potential generality of utilizing 1,6-diazecine as a chiral unit to build CPL-active materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiru Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Jing Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Yamei Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Guanghua Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Laiyun Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Jianye Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot, 010021, China
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3
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Shi TH, Nagata Y, Akine S, Ohtani S, Kato K, Ogoshi T. A Twisted Chiral Cavitand with 5-Fold Symmetry and Its Length-Selective Binding Properties. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:23677-23684. [PMID: 36529936 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Controlling bottom-up syntheses from chiral seeds to construct architectures with specific chiralities is currently challenging. Herein, a twisted chiral cavitand with 5-fold symmetry was constructed by bottom-up synthesis using corannulene as the chiral seed and pillar[5]arene as the chiral wall. After docking between the seed and the wall, their dynamic chiralities (M and P) are fixed. Moreover, the formed hedges also exhibit M and P chirality. Through dynamic covalent bonding, the thermodynamically stable product is obtained selectively as a pair of enantiomers (MMM and PPP), where all three subcomponents, i.e., the corannulene, hedges, and pillar[5]arene, are tilted in the same direction. Furthermore, the twisted cavitand exhibits length-selective binding to alkylene dibromides, with three maximum binding constants being unexpectedly observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan-Hao Shi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yuuya Nagata
- WPI Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI- ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Shigehisa Akine
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan.,Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Ohtani
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kato
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Tomoki Ogoshi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.,WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
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4
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Zhang X, Rauch F, Niedens J, da Silva RB, Friedrich A, Nowak-Król A, Garden SJ, Marder TB. Electrophilic C–H Borylation of Aza[5]helicenes Leading to Bowl-Shaped Quasi-[7]Circulenes with Switchable Dynamics. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:22316-22324. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zhang
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Rauch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan Niedens
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ramon B. da Silva
- Instituto de Química, Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Friedrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Nowak-Król
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Simon J. Garden
- Instituto de Química, Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Todd B. Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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5
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Labella J, Lavarda G, Hernández-López L, Aguilar-Galindo F, Díaz-Tendero S, Lobo-Checa J, Torres T. Preparation, Supramolecular Organization, and On-Surface Reactivity of Enantiopure Subphthalocyanines: From Bulk to 2D-Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:16579-16587. [PMID: 36052724 PMCID: PMC9479063 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of chiral materials is severely limited by the challenge to achieve enantiopure derivatives with both configurational stability and good optoelectronic properties. Herein we demonstrate that enantiopure subphthalocyanines (SubPcs) fulfill such demanding requirements and bear the prospect of becoming components of chiral technologies. Particularly, we describe the synthesis of enantiopure SubPcs and assess the impact of chirality on aspects as fundamental as the supramolecular organization, the behavior in contact with metallic surfaces, and the on-surface reactivity and polymerization. We find that enantiopure SubPcs remarkably tend to organize in columnar polar assemblies at the solid state and highly ordered chiral superstructures on Au(111) surfaces. At the metal interface, such SubPcs are singled out by scanning tunneling microscopy. DFT calculations suggest that SubPcs undergo a bowl-to-bowl inversion that was shown to be dependent on the axial substituent. Finally, we polymerize by means of on-surface synthesis a highly regular 2D, porous and chiral, π-extended polymer that paves the way to future nanodevice fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Labella
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Giulia Lavarda
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Leyre Hernández-López
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain.,Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Fernando Aguilar-Galindo
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain.,Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Sergio Díaz-Tendero
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain.,Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Jorge Lobo-Checa
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain.,Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain.,IMDEA Nanociencia, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
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6
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Liu S, Sun Z, Liang M, Song W, Zhang R, Shi Y, Cui Y, Gao Q. An Unrevealed Molecular Function of Corannulene Buckybowl Glycoconjugates in Selective Tumor Annihilation by Targeting the Cancer-Specific Warburg Effect. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105315. [PMID: 35253390 PMCID: PMC8981914 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The biomedical application of corannulene π-bowls is historically limited by low solubility and bioavailability despite the potential in their unique electronic properties for new functional materials. Herein, the unexpected role and molecular mechanism of Corranulene π-bowls are uncovered in biomedical applications as an effective anticancer agent for Warburg effect mediated selective tumor targeting. The corannulene triazolyl monosaccharides Cor-sugars exhibit highly potent cytotoxicity against human cancer cells and effectively inhibit xenograft growth of hyperglycolytic tumors. Particularly, the galactose-conjugated Cor-gal exhibits superior in vivo anticancer efficacy in A549 tumor models with outstanding safety profile compared to doxorubicin. Moreover, the combined treatment of Cor-gal with immune checkpoint inhibitor results in an effective synergy in treating H460 human lung carcinoma. An uptake mechanism study reveals that Cor-sugars exploit tumor-specific glucose transporter glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) for targeted cell delivery and intra-tumoral accumulation through the cancer-specific Warburg effect. Their significant anticancer activity is attributed to multiphasic DNA-binding and cell cycle alteration effects. This study uncovers new molecular properties of corannulene buckybowl and enabling their potential new applications in biomedical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Liu
- Institute of Molecular PlusFrontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education of China)Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High‐EfficiencyTianjin University92 Weijin RoadNankai DistrictTianjin300072P. R. China
| | - Ziru Sun
- Institute of Molecular PlusFrontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education of China)Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High‐EfficiencyTianjin University92 Weijin RoadNankai DistrictTianjin300072P. R. China
| | - Min Liang
- Institute of Molecular PlusFrontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education of China)Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High‐EfficiencyTianjin University92 Weijin RoadNankai DistrictTianjin300072P. R. China
- Central Institute of Pharmaceutical ResearchCSPC Pharmaceutical Group226 Huanhe RoadShijiazhuangHebei050035P. R. China
| | - Weijie Song
- Institute of Molecular PlusFrontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education of China)Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High‐EfficiencyTianjin University92 Weijin RoadNankai DistrictTianjin300072P. R. China
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerWest Huanhu RoadHexi DistrictTianjin300060P. R. China
| | - Ru Zhang
- Institute of Molecular PlusFrontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education of China)Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High‐EfficiencyTianjin University92 Weijin RoadNankai DistrictTianjin300072P. R. China
- Department of BiologyGudui BioPharma Technology Inc.Huayuan Industrial Park5 Lanyuan RoadTianjin300384P. R. China
| | - Yunli Shi
- Institute of Molecular PlusFrontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education of China)Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High‐EfficiencyTianjin University92 Weijin RoadNankai DistrictTianjin300072P. R. China
| | - Yujun Cui
- Institute of Molecular PlusFrontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education of China)Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High‐EfficiencyTianjin University92 Weijin RoadNankai DistrictTianjin300072P. R. China
- Transplantation CenterTianjin First Central Hospital24 Fukang RoadNankai DistrictTianjin300192P. R. China
| | - Qingzhi Gao
- Institute of Molecular PlusFrontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education of China)Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High‐EfficiencyTianjin University92 Weijin RoadNankai DistrictTianjin300072P. R. China
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7
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Nishimoto M, Uetake Y, Yakiyama Y, Ishiwari F, Saeki A, Sakurai H. Synthesis of the C 70 Fragment Buckybowl, Homosumanene, and Heterahomosumanenes via Ring-Expansion Reactions from Sumanenone. J Org Chem 2022; 87:2508-2519. [PMID: 35179377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bowl-shaped aromatic molecules, buckybowls, are attractive molecules because of the unique properties derived from their curved-π scaffolds. Doping heteroatoms into buckybowl frameworks is a powerful method to change their structural and electronical properties. Herein, we report the synthesis of C70 fragment buckybowl, homosumanene, and heterahomosumanenes having a lactone moiety and a lactam moiety via three ring-expansion reactions using sumanenone as a common intermediate. X-ray diffraction analysis of the single crystals reveals their columnar packing structure with a shallow bowl-depth. The lactam moiety is readily derivatized to give azahomosumanene derivatives, nitrogen-doped analogues of homosumanene possessing a pyridine ring at the peripheral carbon. The synthetic application of the α-phenyl azahomosumanene as a cyclometalating ligand with platinum also revealed its utility for preparing a metal complex bearing a buckybowl ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikey Nishimoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuta Uetake
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yumi Yakiyama
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Ishiwari
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Frontier Research Base for Global Young Researchers, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akinori Saeki
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Sakurai
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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8
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Cheviri M, Lakshmipathi S. Nitrogen-Doped Buckybowls as Potential Scaffold Material for Lithium-Sulfur Battery: A DFT Study. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-021-00678-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Alvi S, Ali R. Synthetic approaches to bowl-shaped π-conjugated sumanene and its congeners. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:2212-2259. [PMID: 32983269 PMCID: PMC7492699 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the first synthetic report in 2003 by Sakurai et al., sumanene (derived from the Indian 'Hindi as well as Sanskrit word' "Suman", which means "Sunflower"), a beautifully simple yet much effective bowl-shaped C 3-symmetric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon having three benzylic positions clipped between three phenyl rings in the triphenylene framework has attracted a tremendous attention of researchers worldwide. Therefore, since its first successful synthesis, a variety of functionalized sumanenes as well as heterosumanenes have been developed because of their unique physiochemical properties. For example, bowl-to-bowl inversion, bowl depth, facial selectivity, crystal packing, metal complexes, intermolecular charge transfer systems, cation-π complexation, electron conductivity, optical properties and so on. Keeping the importance of this beautiful scaffold in mind, we compiled all the synthetic routes available for the construction of sumanene and its heteroatom derivatives including Mehta's first unsuccessful effort up to the latest achievements. Our major goal to write this review article was to provide a quick summary of where the field has been, where it stands at present, and where it might be going in near future. Although several reviews have been published on sumanene chemistry dealing with different aspects but this is the first report that comprehensively describes the 'all-in-one' chemistry of the sumanene architecture since its invention to till date. We feel that this attractive review article will definitely help the scientific community working not only in the area of organic synthesis but also in materials science and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakeel Alvi
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, Okhla, New Delhi-110025, India, Phone: +91-7011867613
| | - Rashid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, Okhla, New Delhi-110025, India, Phone: +91-7011867613
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10
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Muraoka A, Hayashi M. Electronic structure of sumanene-type Buckycatcher by DFT calculations. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Yakiyama Y, Hishikawa S, Sakurai H. Synthesis of C 70-fragment buckybowls bearing alkoxy substituents. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:681-690. [PMID: 32362946 PMCID: PMC7176931 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Buckybowls bearing a C70 fragment having two alkoxy groups were synthesized and their structural and optical properties were investigated by single crystal X-ray analysis and UV-vis spectroscopy. In the synthesis of dioxole derivative 5b, the regioisomer 5c was also produced. The yield of 5c was increased by increasing the reaction temperature, indicating that the rearrangement might involve the equilibrium between the Pd(IV) intermediates through C-H bond activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Yakiyama
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shota Hishikawa
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Sakurai
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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12
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13
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Tokimaru Y, Ito S, Nozaki K. A Hybrid of Corannulene and Azacorannulene: Synthesis of a Highly Curved Nitrogen-Containing Buckybowl. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Tokimaru
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Shingo Ito
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
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14
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Tokimaru Y, Ito S, Nozaki K. A Hybrid of Corannulene and Azacorannulene: Synthesis of a Highly Curved Nitrogen-Containing Buckybowl. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9818-9822. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Tokimaru
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Shingo Ito
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
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Muraoka A, Yasoshima T, Hiraiwa C. Theoretical Study on Charge-transfer Excitations of Buckycatcher-Fullerene Complexes. CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.180012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Azusa Muraoka
- Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Japan Women's University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo 112-8681, Japan
| | - Tomomi Yasoshima
- Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Japan Women's University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan
| | - Chiaki Hiraiwa
- Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Japan Women's University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan
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