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Yang M, Smit S, de Ridder D, Feng J, Liu T, Xu J, van der Lee TAJ, Zhang H, Chen W. Adaptation of Fusarium Head Blight Pathogens to Changes in Agricultural Practices and Human Migration. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2401899. [PMID: 39099330 PMCID: PMC11423162 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most destructive wheat diseases worldwide. To understand the impact of human migration and changes in agricultural practices on crop pathogens, here population genomic analysis with 245 representative strains from a collection of 4,427 field isolates of Fusarium asiaticum, the causal agent of FHB in Southern China is conducted. Three populations with distinct evolution trajectories are identifies over the last 10,000 years that can be correlated with historically documented changes in agricultural practices due to human migration caused by the Southern Expeditions during the Jin Dynasty. The gradual decrease of 3ADON-producing isolates from north to south along with the population structure and spore dispersal patterns shows the long-distance (>250 km) dispersal of F. asiaticum. These insights into population dynamics and evolutionary history of FHB pathogens are corroborated by a genome-wide analysis with strains originating from Japan, South America, and the USA, confirming the adaptation of FHB pathogens to cropping systems and human migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Bioinformatics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen, PB, 6708, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Smit
- Bioinformatics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen, PB, 6708, The Netherlands
| | - Dick de Ridder
- Bioinformatics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen, PB, 6708, The Netherlands
| | - Jie Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Taiguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Plant Protection, Gangu, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianshui, 741200, P. R. China
| | - Jinrong Xu
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Theo A J van der Lee
- Biointeractions and Plant Health, Wageningen Plant Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen, PB, 6708, The Netherlands
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Plant Protection, Gangu, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianshui, 741200, P. R. China
| | - Wanquan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
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Cervini C, Naz N, Verheecke-Vaessen C, Medina A. Impact of predicted climate change environmental conditions on the growth of Fusarium asiaticum strains and mycotoxins production on a wheat-based matrix. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 416:110658. [PMID: 38484608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium asiaticum is a predominant fungal pathogen causing Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) in wheat and barley in China and is associated with approximately £201 million in annual losses due to grains contaminated with mycotoxins. F. asiaticum produces deoxynivalenol and zearalenone whose maximum limits in cereals and cereals-derived products have been established in different countries including the EU. Few studies are available on the ecophysiological behaviour of this fungal pathogen, but nothing is known about the impact of projected climate change scenarios on its growth and mycotoxin production. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the interacting effect of i) current and increased temperature (25 vs 30 °C), ii) drought stress variation (0.98 vs 0.95 water activity; aw) and iii) existing and predicted CO2 concentrations (400 vs 1000 ppm) on fungal growth and mycotoxin production (type B trichothecenes and zearalenone) by three F. asiaticum strains (CH024b, 82, 0982) on a wheat-based matrix after 10 days of incubation. The results showed that, when exposed to increased CO2 concentration (1000 ppm) there was a significant reduction of fungal growth compared to current concentration (400 ppm) both at 25 and 30 °C, especially at 0.95 aw. The multi-mycotoxin analysis performed by LC-MS/MS qTRAP showed a significant increase of deoxynivalenol and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol production when the CH024b strain was exposed to elevated CO2 compared to current CO2 levels. Zearalenone production by the strain 0982 was significantly stimulated by mild water stress (0.95 aw) and increased CO2 concentration (1000 ppm) regardless of the temperature. Such results highlight that intraspecies variability exist among F. asiaticum strains with some mycotoxins likely to exceed current EU legislative limits under prospected climate change conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Cervini
- Applied Mycology Group, Environment and AgriFood Theme, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK.
| | - Naoreen Naz
- Applied Mycology Group, Environment and AgriFood Theme, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK
| | | | - Angel Medina
- Applied Mycology Group, Environment and AgriFood Theme, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK
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Jiang C, Zu C, Riaz M, Li C, Zhu Q, Xia H, Dong Q, Shen J. Influences of tobacco straw return with lime on microbial community structure of tobacco-planting soil and tobacco leaf quality. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33241-w. [PMID: 38619769 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33241-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Soil amendment is an important strategy for improving soil quality and crop yield. From 2014 to 2019, we conducted a study to investigate the effects of tobacco straw return with lime on soil nutrients, soil microbial community structure, tobacco leaf yield, and quality in southern Anhui, China. A field experiment was conducted with four treatments: straw removed (CK), straw return (St), straw return with dolomite (St + D), and straw return with lime (St + L). Results showed that after 5 years of application, the St + L significantly increased the soil pH by 16.9%, and the contents of soil alkaline nitrogen (N) and available potassium (K) by 17.2% and 23.0%, respectively, compared with the CK. Moreover, the St + L significantly increased tobacco leaf yield (24.0%) and the appearance (9.1%) and sensory (5.9%) quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves. The addition of soil conditioners (straw, dolomite, and lime) increased both the total reads and effective sequences of soil microorganisms. Bacterial diversity was more sensitive to changes in the external environment compared to soil fungi. The application of soil amendments (lime and straw) promoted the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the soil. Additionally, bacterial species had greater competition and limited availability of resources for survival compared to fungi. The results showed that soil microorganisms were significantly influenced by the presence of AK, AN, and pH contents. These findings can provide an effective method for improving the quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves and guiding the amelioration of acidic soil in regions where tobacco-rice rotation is practiced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqiang Jiang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences (AAAS), Hefei, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaolong Zu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences (AAAS), Hefei, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Li
- Anhui Provincial Tobacco Company, Hefei, 230000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qifa Zhu
- Anhui Wannan Leaf Tobacco Co. Ltd, Xuancheng, 242000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Xia
- Tobacco Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences (AAAS), Hefei, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Dong
- Tobacco Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences (AAAS), Hefei, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Shen
- Tobacco Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences (AAAS), Hefei, 230001, People's Republic of China.
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Meng J, Li R, Huang Q, Guo D, Fan K, Zhang J, Zhu X, Wang M, Chen X, Nie D, Cao C, Zhao Z, Han Z. Survey and toxigenic abilities of Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Alternaria fungi from wheat and paddy grains in Shanghai, China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1202738. [PMID: 37560029 PMCID: PMC10407302 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1202738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
A systematic study was carried out on 638 wheat and paddy grains (including fresh and stored samples) collected in 2021 from Shanghai, China, to identify the major mycobiota and their toxigenic abilities. A total of 349 fungi, namely, 252 Fusarium, 53 Aspergillus, and 44 Alternaria, were characterized by morphological and molecular identification. Fusarium and Aspergillus were more frequently isolated in paddy with Fusarium sambucinum species complex and Aspergillus section flavi as the predominant species, respectively. The genus Alternaria was the most frequently isolated fungal species in wheat. The toxin-producing potentials of the identified fungi were further evaluated in vitro. Deoxynevalenol (DON) was produced by 34.5% of Fusarium isolates and zearalenone (ZEN) was produced by 47.6% of them, and one isolate also processed the abilities for fumonisin B1 (FB1), B2 (FB2), and B3 (FB3) productions. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), B2 (AFB2), and G1 (AFG1) were only generated by Aspergillus section flavi, with the production rate of 65.5%, 27.6%, and 13.8%, respectively. Alternariol (AOH) was the most prevalent Alternaria toxin, which could be produced by 95.5% of the isolates, followed by alternariol monomethyl ether (AME) (72.7%), altenuene (ALT) (52.3%), tenuazonic acid (TeA) (45.5%), tentoxin (TEN) (29.5%), and altenusin (ALS) (4.5%). A combinational analysis of mycobiota and toxigenic ability allowed us to provide comprehensive information about the production mechanisms of mycotoxins in wheat and paddy in a specific geographic area, and will be helpful for developing efficient prevention and control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Meng
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruijiao Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingwen Huang
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dehua Guo
- Technical Center for Animal Plant and Food Inspection and Quarantine, Shanghai Customs, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Fan
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingya Zhang
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueting Zhu
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Wang
- Technical Center for Animal Plant and Food Inspection and Quarantine, Shanghai Customs, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyue Chen
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongxia Nie
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Cao
- Technical Center for Animal Plant and Food Inspection and Quarantine, Shanghai Customs, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Han
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Han S, Wang M, Ma Z, Raza M, Zhao P, Liang J, Gao M, Li Y, Wang J, Hu D, Cai L. Fusarium diversity associated with diseased cereals in China, with an updated phylogenomic assessment of the genus. Stud Mycol 2023; 104:87-148. [PMID: 37351543 PMCID: PMC10282163 DOI: 10.3114/sim.2022.104.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium species are important cereal pathogens that cause severe production losses to major cereal crops such as maize, rice, and wheat. However, the causal agents of Fusarium diseases on cereals have not been well documented because of the difficulty in species identification and the debates surrounding generic and species concepts. In this study, we used a citizen science initiative to investigate diseased cereal crops (maize, rice, wheat) from 250 locations, covering the major cereal-growing regions in China. A total of 2 020 Fusarium strains were isolated from 315 diseased samples. Employing multi-locus phylogeny and morphological features, the above strains were identified to 43 species, including eight novel species that are described in this paper. A world checklist of cereal-associated Fusarium species is provided, with 39 and 52 new records updated for the world and China, respectively. Notably, 56 % of samples collected in this study were observed to have co-infections of more than one Fusarium species, and the detailed associations are discussed. Following Koch's postulates, 18 species were first confirmed as pathogens of maize stalk rot in this study. Furthermore, a high-confidence species tree was constructed in this study based on 1 001 homologous loci of 228 assembled genomes (40 genomes were sequenced and provided in this study), which supported the "narrow" generic concept of Fusarium (= Gibberella). This study represents one of the most comprehensive surveys of cereal Fusarium diseases to date. It significantly improves our understanding of the global diversity and distribution of cereal-associated Fusarium species, as well as largely clarifies the phylogenetic relationships within the genus. Taxonomic novelties: New species: Fusarium erosum S.L. Han, M.M. Wang & L. Cai, Fusarium fecundum S.L. Han, M.M. Wang & L. Cai, Fusarium jinanense S.L. Han, M.M. Wang & L. Cai, Fusarium mianyangense S.L. Han, M.M. Wang & L. Cai, Fusarium nothincarnatum S.L. Han, M.M. Wang & L. Cai, Fusarium planum S.L. Han, M.M. Wang & L. Cai, Fusarium sanyaense S.L. Han, M.M. Wang & L. Cai, Fusarium weifangense S.L. Han, M.M. Wang & L. Cai. Citation: Han SL, Wang MM, Ma ZY, Raza M, Zhao P, Liang JM, Gao M, Li YJ, Wang JW, Hu DM, Cai L (2023). Fusarium diversity associated with diseased cereals in China, with an updated phylogenomic assessment of the genus. Studies in Mycology 104: 87-148. doi: 10.3114/sim.2022.104.02.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.L. Han
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China;
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China;
| | - M.M. Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China;
| | - Z.Y. Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China;
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China;
| | - M. Raza
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China;
| | - P. Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China;
| | - J.M. Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China;
| | - M. Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China;
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China;
| | - Y.J. Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China;
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China;
| | - J.W. Wang
- Institute of Biology Co., Ltd., Henan Academy of Science, Zheng Zhou 450008, Henan, P. R. China;
| | - D.M. Hu
- College of Bioscience & Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - L. Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China;
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China;
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Dong F, Chen X, Lei X, Wu D, Zhang Y, Lee YW, Mokoena MP, Olaniran AO, Li Y, Shen G, Liu X, Xu JH, Shi JR. Effect of Crop Rotation on Fusarium Mycotoxins and Fusarium Species in Cereals in Sichuan Province (China). PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:1060-1066. [PMID: 36122196 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-01-22-0024-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study was performed to evaluate the effect of crop rotation on Fusarium mycotoxins and species in cereals in Sichuan Province. A total of 311 cereal samples were randomly collected and analyzed from 2018 to 2019 in Sichuan Province. The results of mycotoxin analysis showed that the major trichothecene mycotoxins in Sichuan Province were nivalenol (NIV) and deoxynivalenol (DON), and the mean concentration of total trichothecenes (including NIV, fusarenone X [4ANIV], DON, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol [3ADON], and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol [15ADON]) in wheat was significantly higher than that in maize and rice. The concentration of total trichothecenes in the succeeding crops was significantly higher than that in the previous crops. In addition, wheat grown after maize had reduced incidence and concentration of trichothecene mycotoxins compared with that grown after rice, and ratooning rice grown after rice had increased incidence and concentration of trichothecene mycotoxins. Our data indicated that Fusarium asiaticum with the NIV chemotype was predominant in wheat and rice samples, while the number of the NIV chemotypes of F. asiaticum and Fusarium meridionale and the 15ADON chemotype of Fusarium graminearum in maize were almost the same. Although the composition of Fusarium species was affected by crop rotations, there were no differences when comparing the same crop rotation except for the maize-wheat rotation. Moreover, the same species and chemotype of Fusarium strains originated from different crops in various rotations, but there were no significant differences in pathogenicity in wheat and rice. These results contribute to the knowledge of the effect of crop rotation on Fusarium mycotoxins and species affecting cereals in Sichuan Province, which may lead to improved strategies for control of Fusarium mycotoxins and fungal disease in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, P.R. China
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Xiangxiang Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Lei
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, P.R. China
| | - Deliang Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Institution of Agricultural Product Quality Standard and Testing Research, Tibet Academy and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850032, P.R. China
| | - Yin-Won Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Mduduzi P Mokoena
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ademola O Olaniran
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ying Li
- Institution of Agricultural Product Quality Standard and Testing Research, Tibet Academy and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850032, P.R. China
| | - Guanghui Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, P.R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, P.R. China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China
| | - Jian Hong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, P.R. China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China
| | - Jian Rong Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, P.R. China
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China
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Yan Z, Chen W, van der Lee T, Waalwijk C, van Diepeningen AD, Feng J, Zhang H, Liu T. Evaluation of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in 410 Chinese Wheat Cultivars Selected for Their Climate Conditions and Ecological Niche Using Natural Infection Across Three Distinct Experimental Sites. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:916282. [PMID: 35712562 PMCID: PMC9195592 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.916282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exploiting wheat cultivars with stable resistance to Fusarium Head blight (FHB) and toxin accumulation is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly strategy to reduce the risk of yield losses and contamination with mycotoxins. To facilitate the deployment of stable cultivar resistance, we evaluated FHB resistance and resistance to mycotoxin accumulation in 410 wheat lines bred by local breeders from four major wheat growing regions in China after natural infection at three distinct locations (Hefei, Yangzhou and Nanping). Significant differences in disease index were observed among the three locations. The disease indexes (DI's) in Nanping were the highest, followed by Yangzhou and Hefei. The distribution of DI's in Yangzhou showed the best discrimination of FHB resistance in cultivars. Growing region and cultivar had significant effect on DI and mycotoxins. Among the climate factors, relative humidity and rainfall were the key factors resulting in the severe disease. Even though most cultivars were still susceptible to FHB under the strongly conducive conditions applied, the ratio of resistant lines increased in the Upper region of the Yangtze River (UYR) and the Middle and Lower Region of the Yangtze River (MLYR) between 2015 and 2019. Deoxynivalenol (DON) was the dominant mycotoxin found in Hefei and Yangzhou, while NIV was predominant in Nanping. Disease indexes were significantly correlated with DON content in wheat grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yan
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng, China
| | - Wanquan Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Plant Protection, Gangu, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianshui, China
| | - Theo van der Lee
- Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Cees Waalwijk
- Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Jie Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Plant Protection, Gangu, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianshui, China
| | - Taiguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Plant Protection, Gangu, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianshui, China
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Duffeck MR, Bandara AY, Weerasooriya DK, Collins AA, Jensen PJ, Kuldau GA, Del Ponte EM, Esker PD. Fusarium Head Blight of Small Grains in Pennsylvania: Unravelling Species Diversity, Toxin Types, Growth, and Triazole Sensitivity. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2022; 112:794-802. [PMID: 34491794 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-02-21-0070-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is the main causal species of Fusarium head blight (FHB) globally. Recent changes in the trichothecene (toxin) types in the North American FHB pathogens support the need for continued surveillance. In this study, 461 isolates were obtained from symptomatic spikes of wheat, spelt, barley, and rye crops during 2018 and 2019. These were all identified to species and toxin types using molecular-based approaches. An additional set of 77 F. graminearum isolates obtained from overwintering crop residues during winter 2012 were molecularly identified to toxin types. A subset of 31 F. graminearum isolates (15 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol [15ADON] and 16 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol [3ADON]) were assessed for mycelial growth, macroconidia, perithecia, and ascospore production, and sensitivity to two triazoles. Ninety percent of isolates obtained from the symptomatic spikes (n = 418) belonged to F. graminearum, with four other species found at a lower frequency (n = 39). The F. graminearum isolates from symptomatic spikes were mainly of the 15ADON (95%), followed by 3ADON (4%), nivalenol (0.7%), and NX-2 (0.3%) toxin types. All F. graminearum isolates obtained from overwintering residue were of the 15ADON type. The toxin types could not be differentiated based on the multivariate analysis of growth and reproduction traits. All isolates were sensitive to tebuconazole and metconazole fungicides in vitro. This study confirms the dominance of F. graminearum and suggests ecological and environmental factors, to be further identified, that lead to similar composition of toxin types in the northern United States. Our results may be useful to assess the sustainability of FHB management practices and provide a baseline for future FHB surveys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maíra R Duffeck
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, U.S.A
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Ananda Y Bandara
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, U.S.A
| | - Dilooshi K Weerasooriya
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, U.S.A
| | - Alyssa A Collins
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, U.S.A
- Southeast Agricultural Research and Extension Center, The Pennsylvania State University, Manheim 17545, U.S.A
| | - Philip J Jensen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, U.S.A
| | - Gretchen A Kuldau
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, U.S.A
| | - Emerson M Del Ponte
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Paul D Esker
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, U.S.A
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Xu F, Liu W, Song Y, Zhou Y, Xu X, Yang G, Wang J, Zhang J, Liu L. The Distribution of Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium asiaticum Causing Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat in Relation to Climate and Cropping System. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:2830-2835. [PMID: 33881919 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-01-21-0013-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the main wheat production area of China (the Huang Huai Plain [HHP]), both Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium asiaticum, the causal agents of Fusarium head blight (FHB), are present. We investigated whether the relative prevalence of F. graminearum and F. asiaticum is related to cropping systems and/or climate factors. A total of 1,844 Fusarium isolates were obtained from 103 fields of two cropping systems: maize-wheat and rice-wheat rotations. To maximize the differences in climatic conditions, isolates were sampled from the north and south HHP regions. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of EF-1α and Tri101 sequences, 1,207 of the 1,844 isolates belonged to F. graminearum, and the remaining 637 isolates belonged to F. asiaticum. The former was predominant in the northern region: 1,022 of the 1,078 Fusarium isolates in the north were F. graminearum. The latter was predominant in the southern region: 581 of the 766 Fusarium isolates belonged to F. asiaticum. Using an analysis based on generalized linear modeling, the relative prevalence of the two species was associated more with climatic conditions than with the cropping system. F. graminearum was associated with drier conditions and cooler conditions during the winter but also with warmer conditions in the infection and grain-colonization period as well as with maize-wheat rotation. The opposite was true for F. asiaticum. Except for the 15-acetyldeoxynvalenol genotype, the trichothecene chemotype composition of F. asiaticum differed between the two cropping systems. The 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol genotype was more prevalent in the maize-wheat rotation, whereas the nivalenol genotype was more prevalent in the rice-wheat rotation. The results also suggested that environmental conditions in the overwintering period appeared to be more important than those in the infection, grain-colonization, and preanthesis sporulation periods in affecting the relative prevalence of F. graminearum and F. asiaticum. More research is needed to study the effect of overwintering conditions on subsequent epidemic in the following spring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Part of North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuli Song
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Part of North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
| | - Yilin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiangming Xu
- National Institute of Agricultural Botany East Malling Research, East Malling, Kent ME19 6BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Gongqiang Yang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Part of North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
| | - Junmei Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Part of North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
| | - Lulu Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Part of North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
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10
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Dong F, Li Y, Chen X, Wu J, Wang S, Zhang X, Ma G, Lee YW, Mokoena MP, Olaniran AO, Xu JH, Shi JR. Analysis of the Fusarium graminearum Species Complex from Gramineous Weeds Near Wheat Fields in Jiangsu Province, China. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:3269-3275. [PMID: 33847508 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-20-2376-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Several weed species are known as alternative hosts of the Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC), and their epidemiological significance in Fusarium head blight (FHB) has been investigated; however, scant information is available regarding FGSC occurrence in weeds near Chinese wheat fields. To evaluate the potential role of gramineous weeds surrounding wheat fields in FHB, 306 FGSC isolates were obtained from 210 gramineous weed samples in 2018 in Jiangsu Province. Among them, 289 were Fusarium asiaticum, and the remainder were F. graminearum. Trichothecene genotype and mycotoxin analyses revealed that 74.3% of the F. asiaticum isolates were the 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3ADON) chemotype, and the remainder were the nivalenol (NIV) chemotype. Additionally, 82.4% of F. graminearum isolates were the 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15ADON) chemotype, and the remainder were the NIV chemotype. FHB severity and trichothecene analysis indicated that F. asiaticum isolates with the 3ADON chemotype were more aggressive than those with the NIV chemotype in wheat. 3ADON and NIV chemotypes of F. asiaticum isolated from weeds and wheat showed no significant differences in pathogenicity in wheat. All selected F. asiaticum isolates produced perithecia, with little difference between the 3ADON and NIV chemotypes. These results highlight the epidemiology of the FGSC isolated from weeds near wheat fields, with implications for reducing FHB inoculum in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban X54001, South Africa
| | - Yunpeng Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xinyuan Chen
- College of Marine Life and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Jirong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Shufang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Guizhen Ma
- College of Marine Life and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yin-Won Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Mduduzi P Mokoena
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban X54001, South Africa
| | - Ademola O Olaniran
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban X54001, South Africa
| | - Jian Hong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jian Rong Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban X54001, South Africa
- College of Marine Life and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
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11
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Lu Y, Qiu J, Wang S, Xu J, Ma G, Shi J, Bao Z. Species Diversity and Toxigenic Potential of Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti Species Complex Isolates from Rice and Soybean in China. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:2628-2636. [PMID: 33393357 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-20-1907-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC) strains are generally considered moderately virulent to many agricultural crops and produce a variety of mycotoxins, which represent a serious threat to food safety and public health. The occurrence of the FIESC strain in agricultural crops has been reported in various climatic regions, but detailed information on the species composition and toxigenic ability is rare in China. In this study, phylogenetic analyses were performed with combined sequences of EF-1a and RPB2 of 186 Fusarium isolates obtained from rice (Oryza sativa) and soybean (Glycine max). Twelve species were identified and 156 of the isolates were resolved within the Incarnatum clade of the FIESC species. Host influenced the population composition: rice isolates belonged to 12 species, among which FIESC 16, 18, and 24 strains were predominant; whereas five species were found among soybean isolates and FIESC 1, 16, and 18 strains dominated. Forty-three isolates were arbitrarily selected and analyzed for their Tri gene sequences and mycotoxigenic potential. Phylogenetic results based on the combined Tri5, Tri7, and Tri13 sequences were coincident with those from housekeeping markers. Type-A and -B trichothecenes were the main metabolites. Diacetoxyscirpenol was detected in all strains at varying concentrations. Nivalenol, 4-acetyl nivalenol, 3-acetyl deoxynivalenol, and neosolaniol were produced in members of the FIESC 1, 3, 7, 8, 15, 16, 17, and 18 strains. Our findings contribute valuable phylogenetic and toxigenic information necessary for the risk evaluation of mycotoxins in agricultural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunan Lu
- College of Marine Life and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Jianbo Qiu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Shufang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jianhong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guizhen Ma
- College of Marine Life and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Jianrong Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zenghai Bao
- College of Marine Life and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
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12
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Tralamazza SM, Piacentini KC, Savi GD, Carnielli-Queiroz L, de Carvalho Fontes L, Martins CS, Corrêa B, Rocha LO. Wild rice (O. latifolia) from natural ecosystems in the Pantanal region of Brazil: Host to Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex and highly contaminated by zearalenone. Int J Food Microbiol 2021; 345:109127. [PMID: 33689972 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the mycobiota diversity and mycotoxin levels present in wild rice (Oryza latifolia) from the Pantanal region of Brazil; fundamental aspects of which are severely understudied as an edible plant from a natural ecosystem. We found multiple fungal species contaminating the rice samples; the most frequent genera being Fusarium, Nigrospora and Cladosporium (35.9%, 26.1% and 15%, respectively). Within the Fusarium genus, the wild rice samples were mostly contaminated by the Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC) (80%) along with Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (20%). Phylogenetic analysis supported multiple FIESC species and gave support to the presence of two putative new groups within the complex (LN1 and LN2). Deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) chemical analysis showed that most of the isolates were DON/ZEN producers and some were defined as high ZEN producers, displaying abundant ZEN levels over DON (over 19 times more). Suggesting that ZEN likely has a key adaptive role for FIESC in wild rice (O. latifolia). Mycotoxin determination in the rice samples revealed high frequency of ZEN, and 85% of rice samples had levels >100 μg/kg; the recommended limit set by regulatory agencies. DON was only detected in 5.2% of the samples. Our data shows that FIESC species are the main source of ZEN contamination in wild rice and the excessive levels of ZEN found in the rice samples raises considerable safety concerns regarding wild rice consumption by humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Moser Tralamazza
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Karim Cristina Piacentini
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Geovana Dagostim Savi
- University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Scientific and Technological Park, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Lorena Carnielli-Queiroz
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lívia de Carvalho Fontes
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Benedito Corrêa
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Liliana Oliveira Rocha
- Department of Food Science, Food Engineering Faculty, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
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Wang L, Ge SL, Zhao K, Shiwen H. First report of Fusarium incarnatum causing spikelet rot on rice in China. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:3306. [PMID: 33507100 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-20-2660-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important and widely grown crop, covering about 29.9 million ha of total cultivation area in China. In the last decade, spikelet rot disease on rice became much more frequent in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China. Fusarium proliferatum (Matsush.) Nirenberg ex Gerlach & Nirenberg was reported to be a causal agent of spikelet rot on rice in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province (Huang et al. 2012). In September 2019, a survey was conducted to understand the etiology of the disease in the main rice growing regions of Jinshan District of Shanghai. Symptomatic panicles exhibiting reddish or brown discoloration on the glumes were collected from different rice fields, where disease incidence was estimated to be between 20 to 80%. Diseased glumes were cut into small sections (5 × 5 mm) from the boundary of necrotic and healthy tissues, surface-sterilized with 75% ethanol for 30 s and 3% sodium hypochlorite for 90 s, rinsed twice with sterile distilled water, then placed onto 1/5 strength potato dextrose agar (PDA). After 3 to 5 days of incubation at 28°C in the dark, fungal growth with Fusarium-like colonies were transferred to PDA and purified by the single-spore isolation method. A total of 12 isolates were obtained and colonies showed loosely floccose, white mycelium and pale-yellow pigmentation on PDA. Microconidia were ovoid mostly with 0 to 1 septum, and measured 4.2 to 16.6 × 2.5 to 4.1 μm (n = 50). After 5-7 days of inoculation on carnation leaf agar (CLA), macroconidia produced usually had 3 to 5 septa, slightly curved at the apex, ranging from 15.7 to 39.1 × 3.3 to 5.0 μm (n = 50). Chlamydospores were produced in hyphae, most often solitary in short chains or in clumps, ellipsoidal or subglobose with thick and roughened walls. Molecular identification was performed on the representative isolates (JS3, JS9, and JS21). The rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor (TEF-1α) and β-tubulin (β-TUB) genes were amplified and sequenced using the paired primers ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. 1990), EF1/EF2 (O'Donnell et al. 1998) and T1/T22 (O'Donnell and Cigelnik 1997), respectively. The obtained sequences were deposited in GenBank under accession numbers MT889972 to MT889974 (ITS), MT895844 to MT895846 (TEF-1α), and MT895841 to MT895843 (β-TUB), respectively. BLASTn search of the sequences revealed 99 to 100% identity with ITS (MF356578), TEF-1α (HM770725) and β-TUB (GQ915444) of Fusarium incarnatum isolates. FUSARIUM-ID (Geiser et al. 2004) analysis showed 99 to 100% similarity with sequences of the F. incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC) (FD_01651 and FD_01628). In addition, a phylogenetic analysis based on the concatenated nucleotide sequences placed the isolates in the F. incarnatum clade at 100% bootstrap support. Thus, both morphological observations and molecular criteria supported identification of the isolates as F. incarnatum (Desm.) Sacc (synonym: Fusarium semitectum) (Leslie and Summerell 2006, Nirenberg 1990). Pathogenicity tests were performed on susceptible rice cultivar 'Xiushui134'. At pollen cell maturity stage, a 2-ml conidial suspension (5 × 105 macroconidia/ml) of each isolate was injected into 10 rice panicles. Control plants were inoculated with sterile distilled water. Then, the pots were kept in a growth chamber at 28°C, 80% relative humidity, and 12 h/12 h light (10,000 lux)/dark. The experiment was repeated two times for each isolate. Two weeks post-inoculation, all inoculated panicles showed similar symptoms with the original samples, whereas no symptoms were observed on the control. The pathogen was re-isolated from inoculated panicles and identified by the method described above to fulfill Koch's postulates. Previous studies reported that F. incarnatum reproduced perithecia to overwinter on rice stubble as the inoculum of Fusarium head blight of wheat in southern China (Yang et al. 2018). To our knowledge, this is the first report of spikelet rot on rice caused by F. incarnatum in China. Further investigation is needed to gain a better understanding its potential geographic distribution of this new pathogen on rice crop. References: (1) Huang, S. W., et al. 2011. Crop Prot. 30: 10. (2) White, T. J., et al. 1990. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. (3) O'Donnell, K., et al. 1998. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95: 2044. (4) O'Donnell, K., Cigelnik, E. 1997. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 7: 103. (5) Geiser, D. M., et al. 2004. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 110: 473. (6) Leslie, J. F., and Summerell, B. A. 2006. The Fusarium Laboratory Manual. Blackwell, Ames, IA. (7) Nirenberg, H. I. 1990. Stud. Mycol. 32: 91. (8) Yang, M. X., et al. 2018. Toxins. 10: 115. The author(s) declare no conflict of interest. Funding: Funding was provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 31800133), Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. LQ18C140005), Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province (grant no. 2019C02018), Shanghai Science and Technology for Agriculture Promotion Project (2019-02-08-00-08-F01127), and the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of China Academy of Agricultural Science (CAAS-ASTIP-2013- CNRRI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- China National Rice Research Institute, 98439, State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China;
| | - S L Ge
- China National Rice Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Kehan Zhao
- China National Rice Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Huang Shiwen
- China National Rice Research Institute, 28 Shuidaosuo Road, Fuyang, hangzhou, China, 311401;
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Dong F, Zhang X, Xu JH, Shi JR, Lee YW, Chen XY, Li YP, Mokoena MP, Olaniran AO. Analysis of Fusarium graminearum Species Complex from Freshly Harvested Rice in Jiangsu Province (China). PLANT DISEASE 2020; 104:2138-2143. [PMID: 32539593 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-01-20-0084-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Members of Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) are the major pathogens that cause Fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereals worldwide. Symptoms of FHB on rice, including dark staining or browning of rice glumes, were recently observed in Jiangsu Province, China. To improve our understanding of the pathogens involved, 201 FGSC isolates were obtained from freshly harvested rice samples and identified by phylogenetic analyses. Among the 201 FGSC isolates, 196 were F. asiaticum and the remaining 5 were F. graminearum. Trichothecene chemotype and chemical analyses showed that 68.4% of the F. asiaticum isolates were the 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3ADON) chemotype and the remainder were the nivalenol (NIV) chemotype. All of the F. graminearum isolates were the 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol chemotype. Pathogenicity assays showed that both the 3ADON and NIV chemotypes of F. asiaticum could infect wheat and rice spikes. FHB severity and trichothecene toxin analysis revealed that F. asiaticum with the NIV chemotype was less aggressive than that with the 3ADON chemotype in wheat, while the NIV-producing strains were more virulent than the 3ADON-producing strains in rice. F. asiaticum isolates with different chemotypes did not show significant differences in mycelial growth, sporulation, conidial dimensions, or perithecial production. These findings would provide useful information for developing management strategies for the control of FHB in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban X54001, South Africa
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jian Hong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jian Rong Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban X54001, South Africa
| | - Yin-Won Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Xin Yuan Chen
- College of Marine Life and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yun Peng Li
- Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Mduduzi P Mokoena
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban X54001, South Africa
| | - Ademola O Olaniran
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban X54001, South Africa
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15
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Yang M, Zhang H, van der Lee TAJ, Waalwijk C, van Diepeningen AD, Feng J, Brankovics B, Chen W. Population Genomic Analysis Reveals a Highly Conserved Mitochondrial Genome in Fusarium asiaticum. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:839. [PMID: 32431686 PMCID: PMC7214670 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium asiaticum is one of the pivotal members of the Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) causing Fusarium head blight (FHB) on wheat, barley and rice in large parts of Asia. Besides resulting in yield losses, FHB also causes the accumulation of mycotoxins such as nivalenol (NIV) and deoxynivalenol (DON). The aim of this study was to conduct population studies on F. asiaticum from Southern China through mitochondrial genome analyses. All strains were isolated from wheat or rice from several geographic areas in seven provinces in Southern China. Based on geographic location and host, 210 isolates were selected for next generation sequencing, and their mitogenomes were assembled by GRAbB and annotated to explore the mitochondrial genome variability of F. asiaticum. The F. asiaticum mitogenome proves extremely conserved and variation is mainly caused by absence/presence of introns harboring homing endonuclease genes. These variations could be utilized to develop molecular markers for track and trace of migrations within and between populations. This study illustrates how mitochondrial introns can be used as markers for population genetic analysis. SNP analysis demonstrate the occurrence of mitochondrial recombination in F. asiaticum as was previously found for F. oxysporum and implied for F. graminearum. Furthermore, varying degrees of genetic diversity and recombination showed a high association with different geographic regions as well as with cropping systems. The mitogenome of F. graminearum showed a much higher SNP diversity while the interspecies intron variation showed no evidence of gene flow between the two closely related and sexual compatible species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, China.,Biointeractions and Plant Health, Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Theo A J van der Lee
- Biointeractions and Plant Health, Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Cees Waalwijk
- Biointeractions and Plant Health, Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Jie Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Balázs Brankovics
- Biointeractions and Plant Health, Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Wanquan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, China
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16
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Yan Z, Zhang H, van der Lee T, Waalwijk C, van Diepeningen A, Deng Y, Feng J, Liu T, Chen W. Resistance to Fusarium head blight and mycotoxin accumulation among 129 wheat cultivars from different ecological regions in China. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2020. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2019.2501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A total of 129 wheat cultivars collected from local breeders in four ecological regions in China was evaluated for Fusarium head blight resistance after natural infection under epidemic conditions. The disease index was scored and seven toxins concentrations were determined by UPLC-MS/MS. The disease index ranged from 6.3 to 80.9% and a strong correlation was found between the regions from which the cultivars originate and disease index. The middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River Region showed the highest disease resistance, followed by the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Region. FHB resistance of cultivars from northern and southern Huanghuai Region was lowest and all cultivars in these regions are highly or moderately susceptible. Disease index was significantly correlated with toxin accumulation on nation scale, but no clear correlation was found within most ecological regions. The toxin accumulation was also not well correlated with resistant levels. As the incidence of FHB has increased dramatically over the last decade, improved FHB resistance in cultivars is urgently needed. We recommend that besides scoring for disease index also mycotoxin accumulation in cultivars is incorporated in breeding procedures and the evaluation of cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100193 Beijing, China P.R
- Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 125100 Xingcheng, China P.R
- Gansu Agricultural University, 730070 Lanzhou, China P.R
| | - H. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100193 Beijing, China P.R
| | - T.A.J. van der Lee
- Wageningen University and Research Center, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - C. Waalwijk
- Wageningen University and Research Center, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - A.D. van Diepeningen
- Wageningen University and Research Center, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Y. Deng
- Nanping Institute of Agriculture Sciences, 354200 Nanping, China P.R
| | - J. Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100193 Beijing, China P.R
| | - T. Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100193 Beijing, China P.R
| | - W. Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100193 Beijing, China P.R
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17
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Torres A, Palacios S, Yerkovich N, Palazzini J, Battilani P, Leslie J, Logrieco A, Chulze S. Fusarium head blight and mycotoxins in wheat: prevention and control strategies across the food chain. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2019. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2019.2438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
With 744 million metric tons produced in 2017/2018, bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) and durum wheat (Triticum durum) are the second most widely produced cereal on a global basis. Prevention or control of wheat diseases may have an enormous impact on global food security and safety. Fusarium head blight is an economically debilitating disease of wheat that reduces the quantity and quality of grain harvested, and may lead to contamination with the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol, which affects the health of humans and domesticated animals. Current climate change scenarios predict an increase in the number of epidemics caused by this disease. Multiple strategies are available for managing the disease including cultural practices, planting less-susceptible cultivars, crop rotation, and chemical and biological controls. None of these strategies, however, is completely effective by itself, and an integrated approach incorporating multiple controls simultaneously is the only effective strategy to limit the disease and reduce deoxynivalenol contamination in human food and animal feed chains. This review identifies the available tools and strategies for mitigating the damage that can result from Fusarium head blight.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.M. Torres
- Research Institute on Mycology and Mycotoxicology (IMICO), UNRC-CONICET, Ruta 36, Km 601, Río Cuarto 5800, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - S.A. Palacios
- Research Institute on Mycology and Mycotoxicology (IMICO), UNRC-CONICET, Ruta 36, Km 601, Río Cuarto 5800, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - N. Yerkovich
- Research Institute on Mycology and Mycotoxicology (IMICO), UNRC-CONICET, Ruta 36, Km 601, Río Cuarto 5800, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - J.M. Palazzini
- Research Institute on Mycology and Mycotoxicology (IMICO), UNRC-CONICET, Ruta 36, Km 601, Río Cuarto 5800, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - P. Battilani
- Institute of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - J.F. Leslie
- Department of Plant Pathology, 4024 Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-5502, USA
| | - A.F. Logrieco
- National Council of Research (CNR), Institute of the Science of Food Production (ISPA), via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - S.N. Chulze
- Research Institute on Mycology and Mycotoxicology (IMICO), UNRC-CONICET, Ruta 36, Km 601, Río Cuarto 5800, Córdoba, Argentina
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18
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Fulcher MR, Winans JB, Quan M, Oladipo ED, Bergstrom GC. Population Genetics of Fusarium graminearum at the Interface of Wheat and Wild Grass Communities in New York. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2019; 109:2124-2131. [PMID: 31418639 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-05-19-0169-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is primarily understood as an agricultural pathogen affecting cereal crops, but its host range also includes diverse, noncultivated grasses ubiquitous across agricultural and natural environments. Wild grasses may select for the production of diverse toxin variants (chemotypes) and serve as reservoirs of genetic diversity or sources of disease-inciting inoculum. Populations at the intersection of wheat and wild grass communities were described using 909 isolates collected from wheat spikes, wild grass spikes, and overwintered wild grass stems found at natural and agricultural sites in regions of high and low crop production. Trichothecene (TRI) genotypes correlated to pathogen chemotype were predicted from two loci, and multilocus genotypes (MLGs) were determined using eight microsatellite loci. The genetic diversity of wild grass and wheat-derived populations was comparable, and their differentiation was low. Duplicate MLGs were rare even in samples collected from a single square meter, although they could be found in multiple hosts, environments, regions, and years. TRI genotype frequencies differed between region and land use. Admixture between TRI genotype-defined populations, which correspond to three previously described sympatric North American populations, was detected and was highest in a region with remote host communities and little agricultural production. Nonagricultural environments may maintain different pathogen TRI genotypes than wheat fields and provide an opportunity for recombination between isolates from different F. graminearum populations. A lack of structural barriers suggests that pathogen gene flow is uninhibited between wheat and wild grass communities, and the recovery of putative clones from multiple hosts and environments provides initial evidence that noncultivated grasses are a source of local and regional inoculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Fulcher
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853
| | - James B Winans
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853
| | - Menchus Quan
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853
| | - Eniola D Oladipo
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853
| | - Gary C Bergstrom
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853
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19
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Qiu J, Xu J, Shi J. Fusarium Toxins in Chinese Wheat since the 1980s. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11050248. [PMID: 31052282 PMCID: PMC6562770 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11050248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium species, is a widespread and destructive fungal disease. In addition to the substantial yield and revenue losses, diseased grains are often contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins, making them unsuitable for human consumption or use as animal feed. As a vital food and feed ingredient in China, the quality and safety of wheat and its products have gained growing attention from consumers, producers, scientists, and policymakers. This review supplies detailed data about the occurrence of Fusarium toxins and related intoxications from the 1980s to the present. Despite the serious situation of toxin contamination in wheat, the concentration of toxins in flour is usually lower than that in raw materials, and food-poisoning incidents have been considerably reduced. Much work has been conducted on every phase of toxin production and wheat circulation by scientific researchers. Regulations for maximum contamination limits have been established in recent years and play a substantial role in ensuring the stability of the national economy and people's livelihoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/ Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Jianhong Xu
- Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/ Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Jianrong Shi
- Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/ Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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