1
|
Ji W, Ma J, Zheng Z, Al-Herrawy AZ, Xie B, Wu D. Algae blooms with resistance in fresh water: Potential interplay between Microcystis and antibiotic resistance genes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 940:173528. [PMID: 38802023 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Microcystis, a type of cyanobacteria known for producing microcystins (MCs), is experiencing a global increase in blooms. They have been recently recognized as potential contributors to the widespread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). By reviewing approximately 150 pieces of recent studies, a hypothesis has been formulated suggesting that significant fluctuations in MCs concentrations and microbial community structure during Microcystis blooms could influence the dynamics of waterborne ARGs. Among all MCs, microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is the most widely distributed worldwide, notably abundant in reservoirs during summer. MCs inhibit protein phosphatases or increase reactive oxygen species (ROS), inducing oxidative stresses, enhancing membrane permeability, and causing DNA damage. This further enhances selective pressures and horizontal gene transfer (HGT) chances of ARGs. The mechanisms by which Microcystis regulates ARG dissemination have been systematically organized for the first time, focusing on the secretion of MCs and the alterations of bacterial community structure. However, several knowledge gaps remain, particularly concerning how MCs interfere with the electron transport chain and how Microcystis facilitates HGT of ARGs. Concurrently, the predominance of Microcystis forming the algal microbial aggregates is considered a hotspot for preserving and transferring ARGs. Yet, Microcystis can deplete the nutrients from other taxa within these aggregates, thereby reducing the density of ARG-carrying bacteria. Therefore, further studies are needed to explore the 'symbiotic - competitive' relationships between Microcystis and ARG-hosting bacteria under varied nutrient conditions. Addressing these knowledge gaps is crucial to understand the impacts of the algal aggregates on dynamics of waterborne antibiotic resistome, and underscores the need for effective control of Microcystis to curb the spread of antibiotic resistance. Constructed wetlands and photocatalysis represent advantageous strategies for halting the spread of ARGs from the perspective of Microcystis blooms, as they can effectively control Microcystis and MCs while maintaining the stability of aquatic ecosystem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Ji
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Jingkai Ma
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Zhipeng Zheng
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Ahmad Z Al-Herrawy
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Bing Xie
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University, Chongqing 401120, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kongsintaweesuk S, Klungsaeng S, Intuyod K, Techasen A, Pairojkul C, Luvira V, Pinlaor S, Pinlaor P. Microcystin-leucine arginine induces the proliferation of cholangiocytes and cholangiocarcinoma cells through the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30104. [PMID: 38720699 PMCID: PMC11076882 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) is a cyanobacterial hepatotoxic toxin found in water sources worldwide, including in northeastern Thailand, where opisthorchiasis-associated cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is most prevalent. MC-LR is a potential carcinogen; however, its involvement in liver fluke-associated CCA remains ambiguous. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effect of MC-LR on the progression of CCA via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in vitro. Methods Cell division, migration, cell cycle transition, and MC-LR transporter expression were evaluated in vitro through MTT assay, wound healing assay, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. Following a 24-h treatment of cultured cells with 1, 10, 100, and 1,000 nM of MC-LR, the proliferative effect of MC-LR on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was investigated using immunoblotting and qRT-PCR analysis. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine β-catenin expression in CCA tissue compared to adjacent tissue. Results Human immortalized cholangiocyte cells (MMNK-1) and a human cell line established from opisthorchiasis-associated CCA (KKU-213B) expressed the MC-LR transporter and internalized MC-LR. Exposure to 10 nM and 100 nM of MC-LR notably enhanced cells division and migration in both cell lines (P < 0.05) and markedly elevated the percentage of S phase cells (P < 0.05). MC-LR elevated PP2A expression by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and suppressing phosphatase activity. Inhibition of the β-catenin destruction complex genes (Axin1 and APC) led to the upregulation of β-catenin and its downstream target genes (Cyclin D1 and c-Jun). Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by MSAB confirmed these results. Additionally, β-catenin was significantly expressed in cancerous tissue compared to adjacent areas (P < 0.001). Conclusions Our findings suggest that MC-LR promotes cell proliferation and progression of CCA through Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Further evaluation using invivo experiments is needed to confirm this observation. This finding could promote health awareness regarding MC-LR intake and risk of CCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suppakrit Kongsintaweesuk
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Medical Sciences Program, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sirinapha Klungsaeng
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Kitti Intuyod
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Techasen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- School of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chawalit Pairojkul
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Vor Luvira
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Somchai Pinlaor
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Porntip Pinlaor
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- School of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Owens SL, Ahmed SR, Lang Harman RM, Stewart LE, Mori S. Natural Products That Contain Higher Homologated Amino Acids. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300822. [PMID: 38487927 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
This review focuses on discussing natural products (NPs) that contain higher homologated amino acids (homoAAs) in the structure as well as the proposed and characterized biosynthesis of these non-proteinogenic amino acids. Homologation of amino acids includes the insertion of a methylene group into its side chain. It is not a very common modification found in NP biosynthesis as approximately 450 homoAA-containing NPs have been isolated from four bacterial phyla (Cyanobacteria, Actinomycetota, Myxococcota, and Pseudomonadota), two fungal phyla (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota), and one animal phylum (Porifera), except for a few examples. Amino acids that are found to be homologated and incorporated in the NP structures include the following ten amino acids: alanine, arginine, cysteine, isoleucine, glutamic acid, leucine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, and tyrosine, where isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine share the comparable enzymatic pathway. Other amino acids have their individual homologation pathway (arginine, proline, and glutamic acid for bacteria), likely utilize the primary metabolic pathway (alanine and glutamic acid for fungi), or have not been reported (cysteine and serine). Despite its possible high potential in the drug discovery field, the biosynthesis of homologated amino acids has a large room to explore for future combinatorial biosynthesis and metabolic engineering purpose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Skyler L Owens
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Shopno R Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Rebecca M Lang Harman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Laura E Stewart
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Shogo Mori
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Santos AA, Garrute FV, Magalhães VF, Pacheco ABF. Microcystin removal by microbial communities from a coastal lagoon: Influence of abiotic factors, bacterioplankton composition and estimated functions. HARMFUL ALGAE 2024; 135:102646. [PMID: 38830712 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2024.102646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Toxic cyanobacterial blooms present a substantial risk to public health due to the production of secondary metabolites, notably microcystins (MCs). Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is the most prevalent and toxic variant in freshwater. MCs resist conventional water treatment methods, persistently impacting water quality. This study focused on an oligohaline shallow lagoon historically affected by MC-producing cyanobacteria, aiming to identify bacteria capable of degrading MC and investigating the influence of environmental factors on this process. While isolated strains did not exhibit MC degradation, microbial assemblages directly sourced from lagoon water removed MC-LR within seven days at 25 ºC and pH 8.0. The associated bacterial community demonstrated an increased abundance of bacterial taxa assigned to Methylophilales, and also Rhodospirillales and Rhodocyclales to a lesser extent. However, elevated atmospheric temperatures (45 ºC) and acidification (pH 5.0 and 3.0) hindered MC-LR removal, indicating that extreme environmental changes could contribute to prolonged MC persistence in the water column. This study highlights the importance of considering environmental conditions in order to develop strategies to mitigate cyanotoxin contamination in aquatic ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allan A Santos
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Toxicology of Cyanobacteria, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Felipe V Garrute
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Toxicology of Cyanobacteria, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Ultrasound Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Program-COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Biological Physics Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Valéria F Magalhães
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Toxicology of Cyanobacteria, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz F Pacheco
- Biological Physics Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Haida M, El Khalloufi F, Mugani R, Essadki Y, Campos A, Vasconcelos V, Oudra B. Microcystin Contamination in Irrigation Water and Health Risk. Toxins (Basel) 2024; 16:196. [PMID: 38668621 PMCID: PMC11054416 DOI: 10.3390/toxins16040196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs), natural hepatotoxic compounds produced by cyanobacteria, pose significant risks to water quality, ecosystem stability, and the well-being of animals, plants, and humans when present in elevated concentrations. The escalating contamination of irrigation water with MCs presents a growing threat to terrestrial plants. The customary practice of irrigating crops from local water sources, including lakes and ponds hosting cyanobacterial blooms, serves as a primary conduit for transferring these toxins. Due to their high chemical stability and low molecular weight, MCs have the potential to accumulate in various parts of plants, thereby increasing health hazards for consumers of agricultural products, which serve as the foundation of the Earth's food chain. MCs can bioaccumulate, migrate, potentially biodegrade, and pose health hazards to humans within terrestrial food systems. This study highlights that MCs from irrigation water reservoirs can bioaccumulate and come into contact with plants, transferring into the food chain. Additionally, it investigates the natural mechanisms that organisms employ for conjugation and the microbial processes involved in MC degradation. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the role of MCs in the terrestrial food chain and to elucidate the specific health risks associated with consuming crops irrigated with water contaminated with these toxins, further research is necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Haida
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco; (M.H.); (R.M.); (Y.E.); (B.O.)
| | - Fatima El Khalloufi
- Natural Resources Engineering and Environmental Impacts Team, Multidisciplinary Research and Innovation Laboratory, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Khouribga, Sultan Moulay Slimane University of Beni Mellal, B.P, 45, Khouribga 25000, Morocco;
| | - Richard Mugani
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco; (M.H.); (R.M.); (Y.E.); (B.O.)
| | - Yasser Essadki
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco; (M.H.); (R.M.); (Y.E.); (B.O.)
| | - Alexandre Campos
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Brahim Oudra
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco; (M.H.); (R.M.); (Y.E.); (B.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ubero-Pascal N, Aboal M. Cyanobacteria and Macroinvertebrate Relationships in Freshwater Benthic Communities beyond Cytotoxicity. Toxins (Basel) 2024; 16:190. [PMID: 38668615 PMCID: PMC11054157 DOI: 10.3390/toxins16040190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are harmful algae that are monitored worldwide to prevent the effects of the toxins that they can produce. Most research efforts have focused on direct or indirect effects on human populations, with a view to gain easy accurate detection and quantification methods, mainly in planktic communities, but with increasing interest shown in benthos. However, cyanobacteria have played a fundamental role from the very beginning in both the development of our planet's biodiversity and the construction of new habitats. These organisms have colonized almost every possible planktic or benthic environment on earth, including the most extreme ones, and display a vast number of adaptations. All this explains why they are the most important or the only phototrophs in some habitats. The negative effects of cyanotoxins on macroinvertebrates have been demonstrated, but usually under conditions that are far from natural, and on forms of exposure, toxin concentration, or composition. The cohabitation of cyanobacteria with most invertebrate groups is long-standing and has probably contributed to the development of detoxification means, which would explain the survival of some species inside cyanobacteria colonies. This review focuses on benthic cyanobacteria, their capacity to produce several types of toxins, and their relationships with benthic macroinvertebrates beyond toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Ubero-Pascal
- Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Espinardo Campus, University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Marina Aboal
- Laboratory of Algology, Faculty of Biology, Espinardo Campus, University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Reignier O, Bormans M, Hervé F, Robert E, Savar V, Tanniou S, Amzil Z, Noël C, Briand E. Spatio-temporal connectivity of a toxic cyanobacterial community and its associated microbiome along a freshwater-marine continuum. HARMFUL ALGAE 2024; 134:102627. [PMID: 38705620 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2024.102627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Due to climate changes and eutrophication, blooms of predominantly toxic freshwater cyanobacteria are intensifying and are likely to colonize estuaries, thus impacting benthic organisms and shellfish farming representing a major ecological, health and economic risk. In the natural environment, Microcystis form large mucilaginous colonies that influence the development of both cyanobacterial and embedded bacterial communities. However, little is known about the fate of natural colonies of Microcystis by salinity increase. In this study, we monitored the fate of a Microcystis dominated bloom and its microbiome along a French freshwater-marine gradient at different phases of a bloom. We demonstrated changes in the cyanobacterial genotypic composition, in the production of specific metabolites (toxins and compatible solutes) and in the heterotrophic bacteria structure in response to the salinity increase. In particular M. aeruginosa and M. wesenbergii survived salinities up to 20. Based on microcystin gene abundance, the cyanobacteria became more toxic during their estuarine transfer but with no selection of specific microcystin variants. An increase in compatible solutes occurred along the continuum with extensive trehalose and betaine accumulations. Salinity structured most the heterotrophic bacteria community, with an increased in the richness and diversity along the continuum. A core microbiome in the mucilage-associated attached fraction was highly abundant suggesting a strong interaction between Microcystis and its microbiome and a likely protecting role of the mucilage against an osmotic shock. These results underline the need to better determine the interactions between the Microcystis colonies and their microbiome as a likely key to their widespread success and adaptation to various environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Myriam Bormans
- UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO, University of Rennes 1, Rennes F-35042, France
| | - Fabienne Hervé
- IFREMER, PHYTOX, Laboratoire METALG, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Elise Robert
- IFREMER, PHYTOX, Laboratoire GENALG, Nantes F-44000, France
| | | | - Simon Tanniou
- IFREMER, PHYTOX, Laboratoire METALG, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Zouher Amzil
- IFREMER, PHYTOX, Laboratoire METALG, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Cyril Noël
- IFREMER, IRSI - Service de Bioinformatique (SeBiMER), Plouzané, France
| | - Enora Briand
- IFREMER, PHYTOX, Laboratoire GENALG, Nantes F-44000, France.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Redouane EM, Núñez A, Achouak W, Barakat M, Alex A, Martins JC, Tazart Z, Mugani R, Zerrifi SEA, Haida M, García AM, Campos A, Lahrouni M, Oufdou K, Vasconcelos V, Oudra B. Microcystin influence on soil-plant microbiota: Unraveling microbiota modulations and assembly processes in the rhizosphere of Vicia faba. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170634. [PMID: 38325456 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) are frequently detected in cyanobacterial bloom-impacted waterbodies and introduced into agroecosystems via irrigation water. They are widely known as phytotoxic cyanotoxins, which impair the growth and physiological functions of crop plants. However, their impact on the plant-associated microbiota is scarcely tackled and poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of MCs on microbiota-inhabiting bulk soil (BS), root adhering soil (RAS), and root tissue (RT) of Vicia faba when exposed to 100 μg L-1 MCs in a greenhouse pot experiment. Under MC exposure, the structure, co-occurrence network, and assembly processes of the bacterial microbiota were modulated with the greatest impact on RT-inhabiting bacteria, followed by BS and, to a lesser extent, RAS. The analyses revealed a significant decrease in the abundances of several Actinobacteriota-related taxa within the RT microbiota, including the most abundant and known genus of Streptomyces. Furthermore, MCs significantly increased the abundance of methylotrophic bacteria (Methylobacillus, Methylotenera) and other Proteobacteria-affiliated genera (e.g., Paucibacter), which are supposed to degrade MCs. The co-occurrence network of the bacterial community in the presence of MCs was less complex than the control network. In MC-exposed RT, the turnover in community composition was more strongly driven by deterministic processes, as proven by the beta-nearest taxon index. Whereas in MC-treated BS and RAS, both deterministic and stochastic processes can influence community assembly to some extent, with a relative dominance of deterministic processes. Altogether, these results suggest that MCs may reshape the structure of the microbiota in the soil-plant system by reducing bacterial taxa with potential phytobeneficial traits and increasing other taxa with the potential capacity to degrade MCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- El Mahdi Redouane
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal
| | - Andrés Núñez
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (ETSII-UPM), Madrid 28006, Spain; Departamento de Genética y Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain
| | - Wafa Achouak
- Aix Marseille University, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, Lab of Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere, (LEMiRE), Saint Paul Lez Durance 13115, France.
| | - Mohamed Barakat
- Aix Marseille University, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, Lab of Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere, (LEMiRE), Saint Paul Lez Durance 13115, France
| | - Anoop Alex
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto 4169-007, Portugal
| | - José Carlos Martins
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal
| | - Zakaria Tazart
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; AgroBioSciences, Plant Stress Physiology Laboratory, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Richard Mugani
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Soukaina El Amrani Zerrifi
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; Higher Institute of Nurses Professions and Health Techniques of Guelmim, Guelmim 81000, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Haida
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Ana M García
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (ETSII-UPM), Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Alexandre Campos
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal
| | - Majida Lahrouni
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Khalid Oufdou
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences, and Environment (BioMAgE), Labeled Research Unit-CNRST N°4, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Brahim Oudra
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hancock TL, Dahedl EK, Kratz MA, Urakawa H. Bacterial community shifts induced by high concentration hydrogen peroxide treatment of Microcystis bloom in a mesocosm study. HARMFUL ALGAE 2024; 133:102587. [PMID: 38485437 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2024.102587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide has gained popularity as an environmentally friendly treatment for cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cHABs) that takes advantage of oxidative stress sensitivity in cyanobacteria at controlled concentrations. Higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide treatments may seem appealing for more severe cHABs but there is currently little understanding of the environmental impacts of this approach. Of specific concern is the associated microbial community, which may play key roles in the succession/recovery process post-treatment. To better understand impacts of a high concentration treatment on non-target microbial communities, we applied a hydrogen peroxide spray equating to a total volume concentration of 14 mM (473 mg/L, 0.04%) to 250 L mesocosms containing Microcystis bloom biomass, monitoring treatment and control mesocosms for 4 days. Cyanobacteria dominated control mesocosms throughout the experiment while treatment mesocosms experienced a 99% reduction, as determined by bacterial amplicon sequencing, and a 92% reduction in bacterial cell density within 1 day post-treatment. Only the bacterial community exhibited signs of regrowth, with a fold change of 9.2 bacterial cell density from day 1 to day 2. Recovery consisted of succession by Planctomycetota (47%) and Gammaproteobacteria (17%), which were likely resilient due to passive cell component compartmentalization and rapid upregulation of dnaK and groEL oxidative stress genes, respectively. The altered microbiome retained beneficial functionality of microcystin degradation through a currently recognized but unidentified pathway in Gammaproteobacteria, resulting in a 70% reduction coinciding with bacterial regrowth. There was also an 81% reduction of both total nitrogen and phosphorus, as compared to 91 and 93% in the control, respectively, due to high expressions of genes related to nitrogen (argH, carB, glts, glnA) and phosphorus (pntAB, phoB, pstSCB) cycling. Overall, we found a portion of the bacterial community was resilient to the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide treatment, resulting in Planctomycetota and Gammaproteobacteria dominance. This high-concentration treatment may be suitable to rapidly end cHABs which have already negatively impacted the aquatic environment rather than allow them to persist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor L Hancock
- School of Geosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, United States; Department of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL, United States
| | - Elizabeth K Dahedl
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL, United States
| | - Michael A Kratz
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL, United States
| | - Hidetoshi Urakawa
- School of Geosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, United States; Department of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Piel T, Sandrini G, Weenink EFJ, Qin H, Herk MJV, Morales-Grooters ML, Schuurmans JM, Slot PC, Wijn G, Arntz J, Zervou SK, Kaloudis T, Hiskia A, Huisman J, Visser PM. Shifts in phytoplankton and zooplankton communities in three cyanobacteria-dominated lakes after treatment with hydrogen peroxide. HARMFUL ALGAE 2024; 133:102585. [PMID: 38485435 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2024.102585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria can reach high densities in eutrophic lakes, which may cause problems due to their potential toxin production. Several methods are in use to prevent, control or mitigate harmful cyanobacterial blooms. Treatment of blooms with low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a promising emergency method. However, effects of H2O2 on cyanobacteria, eukaryotic phytoplankton and zooplankton have mainly been studied in controlled cultures and mesocosm experiments, while much less is known about the effectiveness and potential side effects of H2O2 treatments on entire lake ecosystems. In this study, we report on three different lakes in the Netherlands that were treated with average H2O2 concentrations ranging from 2 to 5 mg L-1 to suppress cyanobacterial blooms. Effects on phytoplankton and zooplankton communities, on cyanotoxin concentrations, and on nutrient availability in the lakes were assessed. After every H2O2 treatment, cyanobacteria drastically declined, sometimes by more than 99%, although blooms of Dolichospermum sp., Aphanizomenon sp., and Planktothrix rubescens were more strongly suppressed than a Planktothrix agardhii bloom. Eukaryotic phytoplankton were not significantly affected by the H2O2 additions and had an initial advantage over cyanobacteria after the treatment, when ample nutrients and light were available. In all three lakes, a new cyanobacterial bloom developed within several weeks after the first H2O2 treatment, and in two lakes a second H2O2 treatment was therefore applied to again suppress the cyanobacterial population. Rotifers strongly declined after most H2O2 treatments except when the H2O2 concentration was ≤ 2 mg L-1, whereas cladocerans were only mildly affected and copepods were least impacted by the added H2O2. In response to the treatments, the cyanotoxins microcystins and anabaenopeptins were released from the cells into the water column, but disappeared after a few days. We conclude that lake treatments with low concentrations of H2O2 can be a successful tool to suppress harmful cyanobacterial blooms, but may negatively affect some of the zooplankton taxa in lakes. We advise pre-tests prior to the treatment of lakes to define optimal treatment concentrations that kill the majority of the cyanobacteria and to minimize potential side effects on non-target organisms. In some cases, the pre-tests may discourage treatment of the lake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Piel
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240,1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Agendia NV, 1043 NT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Sandrini
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240,1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Technology & Sources, Evides Water Company, 3006 AL Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik F J Weenink
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240,1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hongjie Qin
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240,1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Maria J van Herk
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240,1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariël Léon Morales-Grooters
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240,1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erasmus MC University Rotterdam, Office Ee2302, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Merijn Schuurmans
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240,1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter C Slot
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240,1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geert Wijn
- Arcadis Nederland B.V., P.O. Box 264, 6800 AG Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper Arntz
- Arcadis Nederland B.V., P.O. Box 264, 6800 AG Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Sevasti-Kiriaki Zervou
- Photo-Catalytic Processes and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research, "Demokritos", Patriarchou Gregoriou E & 27 Neapoleos Str, 15341 Athens, Greece
| | - Triantafyllos Kaloudis
- Photo-Catalytic Processes and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research, "Demokritos", Patriarchou Gregoriou E & 27 Neapoleos Str, 15341 Athens, Greece; Laboratory of Organic Micropollutants, Water Quality Control Department, Athens Water Supply & Sewerage Company (EYDAP SA), Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Hiskia
- Photo-Catalytic Processes and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research, "Demokritos", Patriarchou Gregoriou E & 27 Neapoleos Str, 15341 Athens, Greece
| | - Jef Huisman
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240,1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Petra M Visser
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240,1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ly NH, Barceló D, Vasseghian Y, Choo J, Joo SW. Sustainable bioremediation technologies for algal toxins and their ecological significance. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122878. [PMID: 37967713 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of algal toxins in water ecosystems poses a significant ecological and human health concern. These toxins, produced by various algal species, can lead to harmful algal blooms, and have far-reaching consequences on biodiversity, food chains, and water quality. This review explores the types and sources of algal toxins, their ecological impacts, and the associated human health risks. Additionally, the review delves into the potential of bioremediation strategies to mitigate the effects of algal toxins. It discusses the role of microorganisms, enzymes, and algal-bacterial interactions in toxin removal, along with engineering approaches such as advanced oxidation processes and adsorbent utilization. Microbes and enzymes have been studied for their environmentally friendly and biocompatible properties, which make them useful for controlling or removing harmful algae and their toxins. The challenges and limitations of bioremediation are examined, along with case studies highlighting successful toxin control efforts. Finally, the review outlines future prospects, emerging technologies, and the need for continued research to effectively address the complex issue of algal toxins and their ecological significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyễn Hoàng Ly
- Department of Chemistry, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Damià Barceló
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 1826, Barcelona, 08034, Spain; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Yasser Vasseghian
- Department of Chemistry, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea; School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; University Centre for Research & Development, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India; Department of Sustainable Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India.
| | - Jaebum Choo
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Woo Joo
- Department of Chemistry, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Meng X, Ban M, Wu Z, Huang L, Wang Z, Cheng Y. Morchella Effectively Removes Microcystins Produced by Microcystis aeruginosa. Microbes Environ 2024; 39:n/a. [PMID: 38763742 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me23101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) produced by Microcystis aeruginosa are harmful to animal and human health, and there is currently no effective method for their removal. Therefore, the development of biological approaches that inhibit cyanobacteria and remove MCs is needed. We identified strain MB1, confirmed as Morchella, using morphological and mole-cular evolution methods. To assess the impact of strain MB1 on M. aeruginosa, we conducted an experiment in which we inoculated M. aeruginosa with Morchella strain MB1. After their co-cultivation for 4 d, the inoculation with 0.9696 g MB1 completely inhibited and removed M. aeruginosa while concurrently removing up to 95% of the MC content. Moreover, within 3 d of their co-cultivation, MB1 removed more than 50% of nitrogen and phosphorus from the M. aeruginosa solution. Therefore, the development of effective biological techniques for MC removal is paramount in safeguarding both the environment and human well-being. We herein successfully isolated MB1 from its natural habitat. This strain effectively inhibited and removed M. aeruginosa and also reduced the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the M. aeruginosa solution. Most importantly, it exhibited a robust capability to eliminate MCs. The present results offer a new method and technical reference for mitigating harmful algal blooms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinchao Meng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University
| | - Meihan Ban
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University
| | - Zhaoyang Wu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University
| | - Lilong Huang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University
| | - Zicheng Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University
| | - Yunqing Cheng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Onyango DM, Ramkat RC. Phenotypic and Genotypic Methods for the Identification and Quantification of Cyanobacteria in Lake Water. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2788:397-410. [PMID: 38656527 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3782-1_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Early monitoring of Microcystis, a cyanobacterium that produces microcystin, is paramount in order to confirm the presence of Microcystis spp. Both phenotypic and genotypic methods have been used. The phenotypic methods provide the presence of the microcystis but do not confirm its species type and toxin produced. Additionally, phenotypic methods cannot differentiate toxigenic from non-toxigenic Microcystis. Therefore, the current protocol also describes genetic methods based on PCR to detect toxigenic Microcystis spp. based on microcystin synthetase E (mcy E) gene and 16-23S RNA genes for species-specific identification, which can effectively comprehend distinct lineages and discrimination of potential complexity of microcystin populations. The presence of these microcystin toxins in blood, in most cases, indicates contamination of drinking water by cyanobacteria. The methods presented herein are used to identify microcystin toxins in drinking water and blood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Miruka Onyango
- Department of Zoology, School of Physical and Biological Science, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya.
| | - Rose C Ramkat
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Aerospace Studies, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya
- Africa Centre of Excellence in Phytochemicals, Textile and Renewable Energy (ACE II PTRE), Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wu L, Zhang L, Yuan L, Liao Q, Xiang J, Zhang D, Qiu T, Liu J, Guo J. Spatio-temporal variation of toxin-producing gene abundance in Microcystis aeruginosa from Poyang Lake. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:2930-2943. [PMID: 38079038 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31284-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) causes massive blooms in eutrophic freshwater and releases microcystin. Poyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China and has kept a mid-nutrient level in recent years. However, there is little research on microcystin production in Poyang Lake. In this study, water and sediment samples from ten sampling sites in Poyang Lake were collected from May to December in 2020, and from January to April in 2021 respectively. Microcystis genes (mcyA, mcyB, 16 s rDNA) were quantified by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR analysis, and then the spatial and temporal variation of mcy genes, physicochemical factors, and bacterial population structure in the lake was analyzed. The relationship between the abundance of mcy genes and physicochemical factors in water column was also revealed. Results indicated that the microcystin-producing genes mcyA and mcyB showed significant differences in spatial and temporal levels as well, which is closely related to the physicochemical factors especially the water temperature (p < 0.05) and the nitrogen content (p < 0.05). The abundance of mcy genes in the sediment in December affected the abundance of mcy genes in the water column in the next year, while the toxic Microcystis would accumulate in the sediment. In addition to the toxic Microcystis, we also found a large number of non-toxic Microcystis in the water column and sediment, and the ratio of toxic to non-toxic species can also affect the toxicity production of M. aeruginosa. Overall, the results showed that M. aeruginosa toxin-producing genes in Poyang Lake distributed spatially and temporally which related to the physicochemical factors of Poyang Lake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wu
- Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanlian Road 602, Nanchang, 330200, People's Republic of China
- Institute WUT-AMU, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanlian Road 602, Nanchang, 330200, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Yuan
- Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanlian Road 602, Nanchang, 330200, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiegen Liao
- Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanlian Road 602, Nanchang, 330200, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Xiang
- Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanlian Road 602, Nanchang, 330200, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawen Zhang
- Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanlian Road 602, Nanchang, 330200, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tong Qiu
- Institute WUT-AMU, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jutao Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Water Sciences, Nanchang, 330200, Jiangxi, China
| | - Junhui Guo
- Institute WUT-AMU, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ren X, Zhang J, Huang Y, Yang W, Lu K, Zhu J. Toxic cyanobacteria induce coupled changes in gut microbiota and co-metabolite of freshwater gastropods. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 338:122651. [PMID: 37797925 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Frequent outbreaks of harmful cyanobacterial blooms and the microcystins (MCs) they produce seriously affect the survival of aquatic organisms. Interactions between gut microbiota and hosts often play crucial roles in driving the adaptation of aquatic organisms to environmental changes. In this study, we investigated the phenotypic indicators of the freshwater gastropod Bellamya aeruginosa, after uptake of Microcystis aeruginosa and explored its gut microbial composition and gut metabolites in response to toxic cyanobacterial stress. Results showed that the MCs concentration in the hepatopancreas of snails fed with toxic cyanobacteria decreased from 2.64 ± 0.14 μg·g-1 on day 7 to 1.16 ± 0.10 μg·g-1 on day 14. The compositions of the intestinal microbiota of snails fed with different algae significantly differed, and the relative abundance of gut microbes such as Lactobacillus and Sphingobium significantly increased after feeding toxic cyanobacteria. Significant differences also existed in intestinal metabolites, the relative abundance of the following metabolites significantly increased: l-proline, 5,6-DHET, stachyose, raffinose, and 3-isopropylmalate. Sankey network diagrams showing links between gut microbes and gut metabolites. The association of Lactobacillus and Sphingobium with amino acids may be related to host tolerance to toxicity, and the linkages of gut microbes with metabolites such as levan, imidazolepropionic acid, and eicosanoids may be associated with involvement in host immune responses. The association of microbes with stachyose and raffinose can help the host to regulate energy homeostasis. These results reveal the underlying mechanisms of gut microbes in the snail adaptation to toxic cyanobacterial stress. This study could be great important for gaining new insights into toxic cyanobacteria-induced changes in snail gut microbes and metabolites and their roles in snail adaptation to toxic cyanobacterial stress, and may provide important insights into the use of freshwater gastropods for the prevention and control of cyanobacterial blooms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Ren
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Jinjie Zhang
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Yuqi Huang
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Wen Yang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Kaihong Lu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Jinyong Zhu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Salter C, Westrick JA, Chaganti SR, Birbeck JA, Peraino NJ, Weisener CG. Elucidating microbial mechanisms of microcystin-LR degradation in Lake Erie beach sand through metabolomics and metatranscriptomics. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 247:120816. [PMID: 37952399 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
As one of five Laurentian Great Lakes, Lake Erie ranks among the top freshwater drinking sources and ecosystems globally. Historical and current agriculture mismanagement and climate change sustains the environmental landscape for late summer cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms, and consequently, cyanotoxins such as microcystin (MC). Microcystin microbial degradation is a promising mitigation strategy, however the mechanisms controlling the breakdown of MCs in Lake Erie are not well understood. Pelee Island, Ontario, Canada is located in the western basin of Lake Erie and the bacterial community in the sand has demonstrated the capacity of metabolizing the toxin. Through a multi-omic approach, the metabolic, functional and taxonomical signatures of the Pelee Island microbial community during MC-LR degradation was investigated over a 48-hour period to comprehensively study the degradation mechanism. Cleavage of bonds surrounding nitrogen atoms and the upregulation of nitrogen deamination (dadA, alanine dehydrogenase, leucine dehydrogenase) and assimilation genes (glnA, gltB) suggests a targeted isolation of nitrogen by the microbial community for energy production. Methylotrophic pathways RuMP and H4MPT control assimilation and dissimilation of carbon, respectively and differential abundance of Methylophilales indicates an interconnected role through electron exchange of denitrification and methylotrophic pathways. The detected metabolites did not resolve a clear breakdown pathway, but rather the diversity of products in combination with taxonomic and functional results supports that a variety of strategies are applied, such as epoxidation, hydroxylation, and aromatic degradation. Annual repeated exposure to the toxin may have allowed the community to adaptatively establish a novel pathway through functional plasticity and horizontal gene transfer. The culmination of these results reveals the complexity of the Pelee Island sand community and supports a dynamic and cooperative metabolism between microbial species to achieve MC degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Salter
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
| | - Judy A Westrick
- Lumigen Instrument Center, Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
| | - Subba Rao Chaganti
- Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research, School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, 440 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Johnna A Birbeck
- Lumigen Instrument Center, Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
| | - Nicholas J Peraino
- Lumigen Instrument Center, Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
| | - Christopher G Weisener
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Oh JW, Pushparaj SSC, Muthu M, Gopal J. Review of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) Causing Marine Fish Kills: Toxicity and Mitigation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3936. [PMID: 38068573 PMCID: PMC10871120 DOI: 10.3390/plants12233936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Extensive growth of microscopic algae and cyanobacteria results in harmful algal blooms (HABs) in marine, brackish, and freshwater environments. HABs can harm humans and animals through their toxicity or by producing ecological conditions such as oxygen depletion, which can kill fish and other economically or ecologically important organisms. This review summarizes the reports on various HABs that are able to bring about marine fish kills. The predominant HABs, their toxins, and their effects on fishes spread across various parts of the globe are discussed. The mechanism of HAB-driven fish kills is discussed based on the available reports, and existing mitigation methods are presented. Lapses in the large-scale implementation of mitigation methods demonstrated under laboratory conditions are projected. Clay-related technologies and nano-sorption-based nanotechnologies, although proven to make significant contributions, have not been put to use in real-world conditions. The gaps in the technology transfer of the accomplished mitigation prototypes are highlighted. Further uses of remote sensing and machine learning state-of-the-art techniques for the detection and identification of HABs are recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Wook Oh
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea;
| | - Suraj Shiv Charan Pushparaj
- Department of Research and Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Manikandan Muthu
- Department of Research and Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Judy Gopal
- Department of Research and Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India;
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kuzikova I, Zaytseva T, Chernova E, Sazanova A, Sharov A, Medvedeva N. Algicidal Activity and Microcystin-LR Destruction by a Novel Strain Penicillium sp. GF3 Isolated from the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea). Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:607. [PMID: 37888639 PMCID: PMC10611005 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15100607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The present article focuses on a strain of ascomycete GF3 isolated from a water sample taken in the Gulf of Finland. Based on phylogenetic analysis data, the isolate was identified as Penicillium sp. GF3. The fungus GF3 demonstrates algicidal activity towards cyanobacteria (98-100%). The algicidal effect on green algae did not exceed 50%. The isolate GF3 exhibits an indirect attack mode by releasing metabolites with algicidal and/or lytic activity into the environment. Moreover, the strain Penicillium sp. GF3 is able to degrade MC-LR. After 72 h of GF3 cultivation, the MC-LR content was reduced by 34.1% and 26.7% at initial 0.1 μg/mL and 0.45 μg/mL concentrations, respectively. The high stress resistance of the GF3 to toxic MC-LR is provided by a 1.5-fold activation of catalase activity and a change in the reduced glutathione content. Additionally, during the MC-LR biotransformation, a MC-LR-GSH conjugate and linearized MC-LR were identified. The linearized MC-LR in the presence of fungi capable of degrading MCs was revealed for the first time. Using Daphnia magna as a bioindicator, it was shown that the MC-LR biotransformation led to the formation of less toxic intermediates. The toxicity of the fungal filtrate is reduced by five times compared to the abiotic control. Our findings enhance the understanding of the role that ascomycete fungi have as potential bioagents for cyanoHABs to control and detoxify water bodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Kuzikova
- Scientific Research Centre for Ecological Safety, St. Petersburg Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 197110, Russia; (T.Z.); (E.C.); (A.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Tatyana Zaytseva
- Scientific Research Centre for Ecological Safety, St. Petersburg Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 197110, Russia; (T.Z.); (E.C.); (A.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Ekaterina Chernova
- Scientific Research Centre for Ecological Safety, St. Petersburg Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 197110, Russia; (T.Z.); (E.C.); (A.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Anna Sazanova
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), St. Petersburg 196608, Russia;
| | - Andrey Sharov
- Scientific Research Centre for Ecological Safety, St. Petersburg Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 197110, Russia; (T.Z.); (E.C.); (A.S.); (N.M.)
- Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok 152742, Russia
| | - Nadezda Medvedeva
- Scientific Research Centre for Ecological Safety, St. Petersburg Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 197110, Russia; (T.Z.); (E.C.); (A.S.); (N.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Teng J, Song M, Xu Q, Zou Q, Zhang H, Yin C, Liu X, Liu Y, Yan H. Purification and Activity of the Second Recombinant Enzyme for Biodegrading Linearized Microcystins by Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:494. [PMID: 37624251 PMCID: PMC10467064 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15080494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatotoxic microcystins (MCs) are produced and released by the harmful bloom-forming cyanobacteria, which severely threaten drinking water safety and human health due to their high toxicity, widespread distribution, and structural stability. The linearized microcystinase (MlrB) further hydrolyses the poisonous linearized MCs produced by the microcystinase-catalysed MCs to form tetrapeptides. Here, the purification and activity of MlrB were investigated. The results showed that the linearized products generated by 12.5 mg/L MC-LR and MC-RR were removed by purified recombinant MlrB at a protein concentration of 1 mg/L within 30 min. The high catalytic activity of MlrB can be obtained via heterologous expression and affinity purification, which lays the foundation for further studies on the properties and mechanism of MCs biodegradation enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hai Yan
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; (J.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nugumanova G, Ponomarev ED, Askarova S, Fasler-Kan E, Barteneva NS. Freshwater Cyanobacterial Toxins, Cyanopeptides and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15030233. [PMID: 36977124 PMCID: PMC10057253 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15030233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria produce a wide range of structurally diverse cyanotoxins and bioactive cyanopeptides in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial ecosystems. The health significance of these metabolites, which include genotoxic- and neurotoxic agents, is confirmed by continued associations between the occurrence of animal and human acute toxic events and, in the long term, by associations between cyanobacteria and neurodegenerative diseases. Major mechanisms related to the neurotoxicity of cyanobacteria compounds include (1) blocking of key proteins and channels; (2) inhibition of essential enzymes in mammalian cells such as protein phosphatases and phosphoprotein phosphatases as well as new molecular targets such as toll-like receptors 4 and 8. One of the widely discussed implicated mechanisms includes a misincorporation of cyanobacterial non-proteogenic amino acids. Recent research provides evidence that non-proteinogenic amino acid BMAA produced by cyanobacteria have multiple effects on translation process and bypasses the proof-reading ability of the aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetase. Aberrant proteins generated by non-canonical translation may be a factor in neuronal death and neurodegeneration. We hypothesize that the production of cyanopeptides and non-canonical amino acids is a more general mechanism, leading to mistranslation, affecting protein homeostasis, and targeting mitochondria in eukaryotic cells. It can be evolutionarily ancient and initially developed to control phytoplankton communities during algal blooms. Outcompeting gut symbiotic microorganisms may lead to dysbiosis, increased gut permeability, a shift in blood-brain-barrier functionality, and eventually, mitochondrial dysfunction in high-energy demanding neurons. A better understanding of the interaction between cyanopeptides metabolism and the nervous system will be crucial to target or to prevent neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Galina Nugumanova
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Eugene D Ponomarev
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Sholpan Askarova
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Elizaveta Fasler-Kan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, Inselspital Bern, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Natasha S Barteneva
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
- The Environment & Resource Efficiency Cluster (EREC), Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yang X, Zhu J, Hu C, Yang W, Zheng Z. Integration of Transcriptomics and Microbiomics Reveals the Responses of Bellamya aeruginosa to Toxic Cyanobacteria. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15020119. [PMID: 36828433 PMCID: PMC9958990 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15020119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Frequent outbreaks of harmful cyanobacterial blooms and the cyanotoxins they produce not only seriously jeopardize the health of freshwater ecosystems but also directly affect the survival of aquatic organisms. In this study, the dynamic characteristics and response patterns of transcriptomes and gut microbiomes in gastropod Bellamya aeruginosa were investigated to explore the underlying response mechanisms to toxic cyanobacterial exposure. The results showed that toxic cyanobacteria exposure induced overall hepatopancreatic transcriptome changes. A total of 2128 differentially expressed genes were identified at different exposure stages, which were mainly related to antioxidation, immunity, and metabolism of energy substances. In the early phase (the first 7 days of exposure), the immune system may notably be the primary means of resistance to toxin stress, and it performs apoptosis to kill damaged cells. In the later phase (the last 7 days of exposure), oxidative stress and the degradation activities of exogenous substances play a dominant role, and nutrient substance metabolism provides energy to the body throughout the process. Microbiomic analysis showed that toxic cyanobacteria increased the diversity of gut microbiota, enhanced interactions between gut microbiota, and altered microbiota function. In addition, the changes in gut microbiota were correlated with the expression levels of antioxidant-, immune-, metabolic-related differentially expressed genes. These results provide a comprehensive understanding of gastropods and intestinal microbiota response to toxic cyanobacterial stress.
Collapse
|
22
|
García Y, Vera M, Jiménez VA, Barraza LF, Aguilar J, Sánchez S, Pereira ED. Molecularly imprinted nanoparticle-based assay (MINA) for microcystin-LR detection in water. Analyst 2023; 148:305-315. [PMID: 36541436 DOI: 10.1039/d2an01680j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) are highly toxic peptides produced by cyanobacteria during algal blooms. Microcystin-leucine-arginine (MC-LR) is the most toxic and common MC variant with major effects on human and animal health upon exposure. MC-LR detection has become critical to ensure water safety, therefore robust and reliable analytical methods are needed. This work reports the development of a simple and optimized Molecularly Imprinted Nanoparticle-Based Assay (MINA) for MC-LR detection in water. Molecularly Imprinted Nanoparticles (MINs) were prepared by solid-phase polymerization on glass beads conjugated to MC-LR through (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) via amide bonding. APTES-modified glass beads were obtained under optimized conditions to maximize the density of surface amino groups available for MC-LR conjugation. Two quinary mixtures of acrylic monomers differing in charge, polarity, and functionality were selected from molecular docking calculations and used to obtain MINs for MC-LR recognition using N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide (BIS) as the crosslinking agent. MINs were immobilized by physical adsorption onto 96-well polystyrene microplate and evaluated as per their rebinding capacity toward the analyte by using a covalent conjugate between MC-LR and the enzyme horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Experimental conditions for the MINs immobilization protocol, HRP-MC-LR concentration, and composition of the blocking solution were set to maximize the colorimetric response of the MINs compared to non-treated wells. Optimized conditions were then applied to conduct competitive MINAs with the HRP-MC-LR conjugate and the free analyte, which confirmed the preferential binding of MC-LR to the immobilized MINs for analyte concentrations ranging from 1 × 10-5 nmol L-1 to 100 nmol L-1. The best competitive MINA showed a limit of detection of 2.49 × 10-4 nmol L-1 and coefficients of variation less than 10% (n = 6), which are auspicious for the use of MINs as analytical tools for MC-LR detection below the permissible limits issued by WHO for safe water consumption (1.00 nmol L-1). This assay also proved to be selective to the analyte in cross-reactivity studies with two analogous microcystins (MC-RR and MC-YR). Analyses of lagoon and drinking water samples enriched with MC-LR revealed strong matrix effects that reduce the MINA response to the analyte, thus suggesting the need for sample pretreatment methods in future development in this subject.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yadiris García
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Sede Concepción, Autopista Concepción-Talcahuano 7100, Talcahuano, Chile.
| | - Myleidi Vera
- Departamento de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Verónica A Jiménez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Sede Concepción, Autopista Concepción-Talcahuano 7100, Talcahuano, Chile.
| | - Luis F Barraza
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Sede Concepción, Autopista Concepción-Talcahuano 7100, Talcahuano, Chile.
| | - Joao Aguilar
- Departamento de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Susana Sánchez
- Departamento de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Eduardo D Pereira
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Stallforth P, Mittag M, Brakhage AA, Hertweck C, Hellmich UA. Functional modulation of chemical mediators in microbial communities. Trends Biochem Sci 2023; 48:71-81. [PMID: 35981931 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between microorganisms are often mediated by specialized metabolites. Although the structures and biosynthesis of these compounds may have been elucidated, microbes exist within complex microbiomes and chemical signals can thus also be subject to community-dependent modifications. Increasingly powerful chemical and biological tools allow to shed light on this poorly understood aspect of chemical ecology. We provide an overview of loss-of-function and gain-of-function chemical mediator (CM) modifications within microbial multipartner relationships. Although loss-of-function modifications are abundant in the literature, few gain-of-function modifications have been described despite their important role in microbial interactions. Research in this field holds great potential for our understanding of microbial interactions and may also provide novel tools for targeted interference with microbial signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Stallforth
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll Institute, Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany; Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Maria Mittag
- Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Axel A Brakhage
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll Institute, Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany; Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Hertweck
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll Institute, Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany; Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ute A Hellmich
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany; Centre for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mohamed Z, Alamri S, Hashem M, Mostafa Y. Bioremoval of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii cells and cylindrospermopsin toxin in batch culture by the yeast Aureobasidium pullulans. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:90140-90146. [PMID: 35864401 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22069-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the ability of a yeast strain, Aureobasidium pullulans KKUY0701 isolated from eutrophic lake to eliminate Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and cylindrospermopsin (CYN) toxin. The anti-cyanobacterial activity of this yeast strain was evaluated by growing with living cells and filtrate of C. raciborskii. CYN bioremoval was assayed using living and heat-inactivated yeast cells. Both living cells and filtrate of this yeast strain were able to suppress the growth of C. raciborskii, with total cell death occurring at day 2 and day 3, respectively. Living and inactivated yeast cells, but not yeast filtrate, reduced CYN concentrations released into cyanobacterial cultures, indicating that this toxin might be removed from the culture medium via absorption onto yeast surface rather than enzymatic biodegradation. The adsorption experiments also confirmed the elimination of CYN by living and heat-inactivated yeast. Nevertheless, inactivated yeast exhibited higher capacity (K = 3.3) and intensity (n = 1.4) than living yeast (K = 1.9, n = 1) for CYN adsorption. The study suggests that this yeast strain could be employed for bioremediation of Cylindrospermopsis blooms in freshwaters. Additionally, heat-inactivated yeast biomass could be used in slow sand filters for elimination of CYN in drinking water treatment plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Mohamed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.
| | - Saad Alamri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hashem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Facultyof Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Yasser Mostafa
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mankiewicz-Boczek J, Font-Nájera A. Temporal and functional interrelationships between bacterioplankton communities and the development of a toxigenic Microcystis bloom in a lowland European reservoir. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19332. [PMID: 36369518 PMCID: PMC9652341 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23671-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyanobacteria-associated microbiome is constantly reshaped by bloom development. However, the synergistic-antagonistic nature of the relationships between Microcystis and its microbiome still remains unclear. Therefore, temporal changes of bacterioplankton communities and their functional potential through different developing stages of a Microcystis toxigenic bloom were investigated, considering bacterioplankton assemblages as particle-attached (PAB) and free-living (FLB) bacteria. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that PAB were represented by Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria, while FLB by Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Network and ordination analyses indicated that PAB inter-relationships were more complex-numerous connections between taxa with stronger correlations, than FLB-rather influenced by physico-chemical parameters. PAB in pre-summer was diverse with Proteobacteria containing potential taxa involved in nitrogen-transforming processes. In mid-summer, PAB presented a mix-bloom dominated by Snowella, Aphanizomenon, and Microcystis, which were succeeded by toxigenic Microcystis in post-summer. Both periods were associated to potential taxa with parasitic/predatory lifestyles against cyanobacteria. In post-summer, Sutterellaceae were recognized as poor water quality indicators, and their strong association with Microcystis could have represented an increased threat for that period. Microcystis was a major factor significantly reducing PAB diversity and evenness, suggesting that it negatively influenced bacterioplankton assemblages, probably also altering the overall community functional potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Mankiewicz-Boczek
- grid.460361.60000 0004 4673 0316European Regional Centre for Ecohydrology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tylna 3, 90-364 Łódź, Poland
| | - Arnoldo Font-Nájera
- grid.460361.60000 0004 4673 0316European Regional Centre for Ecohydrology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tylna 3, 90-364 Łódź, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Le VV, Ko SR, Kang M, Park CY, Lee SA, Oh HM, Ahn CY. The cyanobactericidal bacterium Paucibacter aquatile DH15 caused the decline of Microcystis and aquatic microbial community succession: A mesocosm study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 311:119849. [PMID: 35952989 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microcystis blooms pose a major threat to the quality of drinking water. Cyanobactericidal bacteria have attracted much attention in the research community as a vehicle for controlling Microcystis blooms because of their ecological safety. Nonetheless, most studies on cyanobactericidal bacteria have been conducted on a laboratory scale but have not been scaled-up as field experiments. Thus, our understanding of the microbial response to cyanobactericidal bacteria in natural ecosystems remains elusive. Herein, we applied Paucibacter aquatile DH15 to control Microcystis blooms in a 1000 L mesocosm experiment and demonstrated its potential with the following results: (1) DH15 reduced Microcystis cell density by 90.7% within two days; (2) microcystins released by Microcystis death decreased to the control level in four days; (3) during the cyanobactericidal processes, the physicochemical parameters of water quality remained safe for other aquatic organisms; and (4) the cyanobactericidal processes promoted the growth of eukaryotic microalgae, replacing cyanobacteria. The cyanobactericidal processes accelerated turnover rates, decreased stability, and altered the functional profile of the microbial community. Network analysis demonstrated that this process resulted in more complex interactions between microbes. Overall, our findings suggest that strain DH15 could be considered a promising candidate for controlling Microcystis blooms in an eco-friendly manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ve Van Le
- Cell Factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ra Ko
- Cell Factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyeong Kang
- Cell Factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Yeong Park
- Cell Factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ah Lee
- Cell Factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea; Environmental Safety Groups, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Europe, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Hee-Mock Oh
- Cell Factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Yong Ahn
- Cell Factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
He Q, Wang W, Xu Q, Liu Z, Teng J, Yan H, Liu X. Microcystins in Water: Detection, Microbial Degradation Strategies, and Mechanisms. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192013175. [PMID: 36293755 PMCID: PMC9603262 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins are secondary metabolites produced by some cyanobacteria, a class of cyclic heptapeptide toxins that are stable in the environment. Microcystins can create a variety of adverse health effects in humans, animals, and plants through contaminated water. Effective methods to degrade them are required. Microorganisms are considered to be a promising method to degrade microcystins due to their high efficiency, low cost, and environmental friendliness. This review focuses on perspectives on the frontiers of microcystin biodegradation. It has been reported that bacteria and fungi play an important contribution to degradation. Analysis of the biodegradation mechanism and pathway is an important part of the research. Microcystin biodegradation has been extensively studied in the existing research. This review provides an overview of (1) pollution assessment strategies and hazards of microcystins in water bodies and (2) the important contributions of various bacteria and fungi in the biodegradation of microcystins and their degradation mechanisms, including mlr gene-induced (gene cluster expressing microcystinase) degradation. The application of biodegradable technology still needs development. Further, a robust regulatory oversight is required to monitor and minimize MC contamination. This review aims to provide more references regarding the detection and removal of microcystins in aqueous environments and to promote the application of biodegradation techniques for the purification of microcystin-contaminated water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hai Yan
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (X.L.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mugani R, El Khalloufi F, Redouane EM, Haida M, Zerrifi SEA, Campos A, Kasada M, Woodhouse J, Grossart HP, Vasconcelos V, Oudra B. Bacterioplankton Associated with Toxic Cyanobacteria Promote Pisum sativum (Pea) Growth and Nutritional Value through Positive Interactions. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081511. [PMID: 35893569 PMCID: PMC9394358 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) has focused much more on rhizospheric bacteria. However, PGPB associated with toxic cyanobacterial bloom (TCB) could enter the rhizosphere through irrigation water, helping plants such as Pisum sativum L. (pea) overcome oxidative stress induced by microcystin (MC) and improve plant growth and nutritional value. This study aimed to isolate bacteria associated with toxic cyanobacteria, test PGPB properties, and inoculate them as a consortium to pea seedlings irrigated with MC to investigate their role in plant protection as well as in improving growth and nutritional value. Two bacterioplankton isolates and one rhizosphere isolate were isolated and purified on a mineral salt medium supplemented with 1000 μg/L MC and identified via their 16S rRNA gene. The mixed strains were inoculated to pea seedlings in pots irrigated with 0, 50, and 100 μg/L MC. We measured the morphological and physiological parameters of pea plants at maturity and evaluated the efficiency of the plant’s enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant responses to assess the role and contribution of PGPB. Both bacterioplankton isolates were identified as Starkeya sp., and the rhizobacterium was identified as Brevundimonas aurantiaca. MC addition significantly (p < 0.05) reduced all the growth parameters of the pea, i.e., total chlorophyll content, leaf quantum yield, stomatal conductance, carotenoids, and polyphenol contents, in an MC concentration-dependent manner, while bacterial presence positively affected all the measured parameters. In the MC treatment, the levels of the pea’s antioxidant traits, including SOD, CAT, POD, PPO, GST, and ascorbic acid, were increased in the sterile pots. In contrast, these levels were reduced with double and triple PGPB addition. Additionally, nutritional values such as sugars, proteins, and minerals (Ca and K) in pea fruits were reduced under MC exposure but increased with PGPB addition. Overall, in the presence of MC, PGPB seem to positively interact with pea plants and thus may constitute a natural alternative for soil fertilization when irrigated with cyanotoxin-contaminated water, increasing the yield and nutritional value of crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Mugani
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Av. Prince My Abdellah, P.O. Box 2390, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; (R.M.); (E.M.R.); (M.H.); (S.E.A.Z.); (B.O.)
- Department of Plankton and Microbial Ecology, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Zur alten Fischerhuette 2, 14775 Stechlin, Germany; (M.K.); (J.W.); (H.-P.G.)
| | - Fatima El Khalloufi
- Natural Resources Engineering and Environmental Impacts Team, Multidisciplinary Research and Innovation Laboratory, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Khouribga, Sultan Moulay Slimane University of Beni Mellal, P.O. Box 145, Khouribga 25000, Morocco;
| | - El Mahdi Redouane
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Av. Prince My Abdellah, P.O. Box 2390, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; (R.M.); (E.M.R.); (M.H.); (S.E.A.Z.); (B.O.)
| | - Mohammed Haida
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Av. Prince My Abdellah, P.O. Box 2390, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; (R.M.); (E.M.R.); (M.H.); (S.E.A.Z.); (B.O.)
| | - Soukaina El Amrani Zerrifi
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Av. Prince My Abdellah, P.O. Box 2390, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; (R.M.); (E.M.R.); (M.H.); (S.E.A.Z.); (B.O.)
| | - Alexandre Campos
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Minoru Kasada
- Department of Plankton and Microbial Ecology, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Zur alten Fischerhuette 2, 14775 Stechlin, Germany; (M.K.); (J.W.); (H.-P.G.)
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Jason Woodhouse
- Department of Plankton and Microbial Ecology, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Zur alten Fischerhuette 2, 14775 Stechlin, Germany; (M.K.); (J.W.); (H.-P.G.)
| | - Hans-Peter Grossart
- Department of Plankton and Microbial Ecology, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Zur alten Fischerhuette 2, 14775 Stechlin, Germany; (M.K.); (J.W.); (H.-P.G.)
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Maulbeeralle 2, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-223-401-817
| | - Brahim Oudra
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Av. Prince My Abdellah, P.O. Box 2390, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; (R.M.); (E.M.R.); (M.H.); (S.E.A.Z.); (B.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Massoud R, Zoghi A. Potential probiotic strains with heavy metals and mycotoxins bioremoval capacity for application in foodstuffs. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:1288-1307. [PMID: 35751476 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metals and mycotoxins in foodstuffs are one of the major concerns of our world nowadays. Food decontamination with the help of microbial biomass is a cheap, easy, efficient, and green method known as bioremoval. Probiotics are able to reduce the availability of heavy metals and toxins in food products. The purpose of this review is to summarize the probiotics and potential probiotics' interesting role in food bio-decontamination. After a brief glance at the definition of potential probiotic strains with bioremoval ability, LABs (lactic acid bacteria) are described as they are the most important groups of probiotics. After that, the role of the main probiotic and potential probiotic strains (Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Enterococcus, Bifidobacterium, Pediococcus, Propionibacterium, Streptococcus, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) for heavy metals and mycotoxins bioremoval are described. Additionally, the bioremoval mechanism and the effect of some factors in bioremoval efficiency are explained. Finally, the investigations about probiotic and contaminant stability are mentioned. It is worth mentioning that this review article can be exerted in different food and beverage industries to eliminate the heavy metals and mycotoxins in foodstuffs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Massoud
- Department of Food and Technology, Standard Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alaleh Zoghi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Le VV, Ko SR, Kang M, Lee SA, Oh HM, Ahn CY. Algicide capacity of Paucibacter aquatile DH15 on Microcystis aeruginosa by attachment and non-attachment effects. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 302:119079. [PMID: 35245623 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The excessive proliferation of Microcystis aeruginosa can lead to ecological damage, economic losses, and threaten animal and human health. For controlling Microcystis blooms, microorganism-based methods have attracted much attention from researchers because of their eco-friendliness and species-specificity. Herein, we first found that a Paucibacter strain exhibits algicidal activity against M. aeruginosa and microcystin degradation capability. The algicidal activity of DH15 (2.1 × 104 CFU/ml) against M. aeruginosa (2 × 106 cells/ml) was 94.9% within 36 h of exposure. DH15 also degraded microcystin (1.6 mg/L) up to 62.5% after 72 h. We demonstrated that the algicidal activity of DH15 against M. aeruginosa can be mediated by physical attachment and indirect attack: (1) Both washed cells and cell-free supernatant could kill M. aeruginosa efficiently; (2) Treatment with DH15 cell-free supernatants caused oxidative stress, altered the fatty acid profile, and damaged photosynthetic system, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism in M. aeruginosa. The combination of direct and indirect attacks supported that strain DH15 exerts high algicidal activity against M. aeruginosa. The expression of most key genes responsible for photosynthesis, antioxidant activity, microcystin synthesis, and other metabolic pathways in M. aeruginosa was downregulated. Strain DH15, with its microcystin degradation capacity, can overcome the trade-off between controlling Microcystis blooms and increasing microcystin concentration. Our findings suggest that strain DH15 possesses great potential to control outbreaks of Microcystis blooms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ve Van Le
- Cell Factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ra Ko
- Cell Factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyeong Kang
- Cell Factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ah Lee
- Cell Factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Mock Oh
- Cell Factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Yong Ahn
- Cell Factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Oh KH, Beak KM, Shin Y, Cho YC. Assessing the microcystins concentration through optimized protein phosphatase inhibition assay in environmental samples. J Microbiol 2022; 60:602-609. [DOI: 10.1007/s12275-022-2020-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
32
|
Microcystin Contamination and Toxicity: Implications for Agriculture and Public Health. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14050350. [PMID: 35622596 PMCID: PMC9145844 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14050350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Microcystins are natural hepatotoxic metabolites secreted by cyanobacteria in aquatic ecosystems. When present at elevated concentrations, microcystins can affect water quality aesthetics; contaminate drinking water reservoirs and recreational waters; disrupt normal ecosystem functioning; and cause health hazards to animals, plants, and humans. Animal and human exposures to microcystins generally result from ingesting contaminated drinking water or physically contacting tainted water. Much research has identified a multitude of liver problems from oral exposure to microcystins, varying from hepatocellular damage to primary liver cancer. Provisional guidelines for microcystins in drinking and recreational water have been established to prevent toxic exposures and protect public health. With increasing occurrences of eutrophication in freshwater systems, microcystin contamination in groundwater and surface waters is growing, posing threats to aquatic and terrestrial plants and agricultural soils used for crop production. These microcystins are often transferred to crops via irrigation with local sources of water, such as bloom-forming lakes and ponds. Microcystins can survive in high quantities in various parts of plants (roots, stems, and leaves) due to their high chemical stability and low molecular weight, increasing health risks for consumers of agricultural products. Studies have indicated potential health risks associated with contaminated fruits and vegetables sourced from irrigated water containing microcystins. This review considers the exposure risk to humans, plants, and the environment due to the presence of microcystins in local water reservoirs used for drinking and irrigation. Additional studies are needed to understand the specific health impacts associated with the consumption of microcystin-contaminated agricultural plants.
Collapse
|
33
|
Degradation of Three Microcystin Variants in the Presence of the Macrophyte Spirodela polyrhiza and the Associated Microbial Communities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106086. [PMID: 35627623 PMCID: PMC9142107 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria, which form water blooms all over the world, can produce a wide range of cyanotoxins such as hepatotoxic microcystins (MCs) and other biologically active metabolites harmful to living organisms, including humans. Microcystin biodegradation, particularly caused by bacteria, has been broadly documented; however, studies in this field focus mainly on strains isolated from natural aquatic environments. In this paper, the biodegradation of microcystin-RR (MC-RR), microcystin-LR (MC-LR), and microcystin-LF (MC-LF) after incubation with Spirodela polyrhiza and the associated microorganisms (which were cultured under laboratory conditions) is shown. The strongest MC biodegradation rate after nine days of incubation was observed for MC-RR, followed by MC-LR. No statistically significant decrease in the concentration of MC-LF was noted. Products of MC decomposition were detected via the HPLC method, and their highest number was found for MC-RR (six products with the retention time between 5.6 and 16.2 min), followed by MC-LR (two products with the retention time between 19.3 and 20.2 min). Although the decrease in MC-LF concentration was not significant, four MC-LF degradation products were detected with the retention time between 28.9 and 33.0 min. The results showed that MC-LF was the most stable and resistant MC variant under experimental conditions. No accumulation of MCs or their biodegradation products in S. polyrhiza was found. The findings suggest that the microorganisms (bacteria and algae) associated with S. polyrhiza could be responsible for the MC biodegradation observed. Therefore, there is a need to broaden the research on the biodegradation products detected and potential MC-degraders associated with plants.
Collapse
|
34
|
Santos AA, Keim CN, Magalhães VF, Pacheco ABF. Microcystin drives the composition of small-sized bacterioplankton communities from a coastal lagoon. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:33411-33426. [PMID: 35029819 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18613-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms affect biotic interactions in aquatic ecosystems, including those involving heterotrophic bacteria. Ultra-small microbial communities are found in both surface water and groundwater and include diverse heterotrophic bacteria. Although the taxonomic composition of these communities has been described in some environments, the involvement of these small cells in the fate of environmentally relevant molecules has not been investigated. Here, we aimed to test if small-sized microbial fractions from a polluted urban lagoon were able to degrade the cyanotoxin microcystin (MC). We obtained cells after filtration through 0.45 as well as 0.22 μm membranes and characterized the morphology and taxonomic composition of bacteria before and after incubation with and without microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Communities from different size fractions (< 0.22 and < 0.45 μm) were able to remove the dissolved MC-LR. The originally small-sized cells grew during incubation, as shown by transmission electron microscopy, and changed in both cell size and morphology. The analysis of 16S rDNA sequences revealed that communities originated from < 0.22 and < 0.45 μm fractions diverged in taxonomic composition although they shared certain bacterial taxa. The presence of MC-LR shifted the structure of < 0.45 μm communities in comparison to those maintained without toxin. Actinobacteria was initially dominant and after incubation with MC-LR Proteobacteria predominated. There was a clear enhancement of taxa already known to degrade MC-LR such as Methylophilaceae. Small-sized bacteria constitute a diverse and underestimated fraction of microbial communities, which participate in the dynamics of MC-LR in natural environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allan A Santos
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Toxicology of Cyanobacteria, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Carolina N Keim
- Laboratory of Geomicrobiology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Goés, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Valéria F Magalhães
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Toxicology of Cyanobacteria, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz F Pacheco
- Laboratory of Biological Physics, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Massey IY, Peng T, Danping C, Yang F. Optimization of Biodegradation Characteristics of Sphingopyxis sp. YF1 against Crude Microcystin-LR Using Response Surface Methodology. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14040240. [PMID: 35448849 PMCID: PMC9026303 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14040240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingopyxis sp. YF1 has proven to be efficient in biodegrading microcystin (MC)-leucine (L) and arginine (R) (MC-LR); however, the optimal environmental factors to biodegrade the toxin have not been investigated. In this study, the biodegrading characteristics of strain YF1 against MC-LR were assessed under diverse environmental factors, including temperature (20, 30 or 40 °C), pH (5, 7 or 9) and MC-LR concentration (1, 3 or 5 µg/mL). Data obtained from the single-factor experiment indicated that MC-LR biodegradation by strain YF1 was temperature-, pH- and MC-LR-concentration-dependent, and the maximal biodegradation rate occurred at 5 µg/mL/h. Proposing Box-Behnken Design in response surface methodology, the influence of the three environmental factors on the biodegradation efficiency of MC-LR using strain YF1 was determined. A 17-run experiment was generated and carried out, including five replications performed at the center point. The ANOVA analysis demonstrated that the model was significant, and the model prediction of MC-LR biodegradation was also validated with the experimental data. The quadratic statistical model was established to predict the interactive effects of the environmental factors on MC-LR biodegradation efficiency and to optimize the controlling parameters. The optimal conditions for MC-LR biodegradation were observed at 30 °C, pH 7 and 3 µg/mL MC-LR, with a biodegradation efficiency of 100% after 60 min. The determination of the optimal environmental factors will help to unveil the detailed biodegradation mechanism of MC-LR by strain YF1 and to apply it into the practice of eliminating MC-LR from the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Yaw Massey
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410017, China;
| | - Tangjian Peng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421009, China; (T.P.); (C.D.)
| | - Cai Danping
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421009, China; (T.P.); (C.D.)
| | - Fei Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410017, China;
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421009, China; (T.P.); (C.D.)
- Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421009, China
- Correspondence: authors:
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Moretto JAS, de Freitas PNN, de Almeida ÉC, Altarugio LM, da Silva SV, de Fátima Fiore M, Pinto E. Effects of different cultivation conditions on the production of β-cyclocitral and β-ionone in Microcystis aeruginosa. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:78. [PMID: 35321650 PMCID: PMC8944028 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02473-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cyanobacteria blooms have become a major environmental problem and concern because of secondary metabolites produced by cyanobacteria released into the water. Cyanobacteria produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as the compounds β-cyclocitral and β-ionone, which comprise odors, off-flavors, defense compounds, as well as growth regulators. Therefore, the general objective of this work was to evaluate the VOCs produced by two strains of Microcystis aeruginosa, differing in their ability to produce microcystins (LTPNA 01—non-producing and LTPNA 08—toxin-producing). The analysis of VOC production was carried out in (1) normal culture conditions, (2) under different light intensities (LI), and (3) after the external application of β-ionone in both cultures. Results The results showed that β-cyclocitral and β-ionone are produced in all growth phases of LTPNA 01 and LTPNA 08. Both strains were producers of β-cyclocitral and β-ionone in normal culture conditions. It was observed that the β-cyclocitral concentration was higher than β-ionone in all light intensities investigated in this study. Additionally, the strain LTPNA 01 produced more β-cyclocitral than LTPNA 08 at almost all times and LIs analyzed. However, the strain LTPNA 08 produced more β-ionone, mainly at the initial times. In addition, the experiment results with the external addition of β-ionone in the cultures showed that the strain LTPNA 01 produced more β-cyclocitral in control conditions than in treatment. Nonetheless, β-ionone production was higher in treatment conditions in LTPNA 08, indicating that the addition of β-ionone may favor the production of these compounds and inhibit the production of β-cyclocitral. Conclusion Our results showed that some abiotic factors, such as different light intensities and external application of β-ionone, can be triggers that lead to the production of VOCs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-022-02473-6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paloma Nathane Nunes de Freitas
- Centre for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.,Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marli de Fátima Fiore
- Centre for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Ernani Pinto
- Centre for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. .,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Food Research Center (FoRC - CEPID), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang H, Li B, Liu Y, Chuan H, Liu Y, Xie P. Immunoassay technology: Research progress in microcystin-LR detection in water samples. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127406. [PMID: 34689091 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing global warming and eutrophication have led to frequent outbreaks of cyanobacteria blooms in freshwater. Cyanobacteria blooms cause the death of aquatic and terrestrial organisms and have attracted considerable attention since the 19th century. Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is one of the most typical cyanobacterial toxins. Therefore, the fast, sensitive, and accurate determination of MC-LR plays an important role in the health of humans and animals. Immunoassay refers to a method that uses the principle of immunology to determine the content of the tested substance in a sample using the tested substance as an antigen or antibody. In analytical applications, the immunoassay technology could use the specific recognition of antibodies for MC-LR detection. In this review, we firstly highlight the immunoassay detection of MC-LR over the past two decades, including classical enzyme-link immunosorbent assay (ELISA), modern immunoassay with optical signal, and modern immunoassay with electrical signal. Among these detection methods, the water environment was used as the main detection system. The advantages and disadvantages of the different detection methods were compared and analyzed, and the principles and applications of immunoassays in water samples were elaborated. Furthermore, the current challenges and developmental trends in immunoassay were systematically introduced to enhance MC-LR detection performance, and some critical points were given to deal with current challenges. This review provides novel insight into MC-LR detection based on immunoassay method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huixia Zhang
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Bingyan Li
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Yipeng Liu
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Huiyan Chuan
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Yong Liu
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, PR China.
| | - Ping Xie
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, PR China; Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mohamed Z, Alamri S, Hashem M. Simultaneous biodegradation of harmful Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and cylindrospermopsin toxin in batch culture by single Bacillus strain. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:5153-5161. [PMID: 34417702 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16062-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the capability of a Bacillus flexus strain isolated from decayed cyanobacterial blooms for the bioremediation of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and cylindrospermopsin (CYN) toxin. The algicidal activity of this strain was tested by co-cultivation with C. raciborskii cultures. CYN biodegradation was investigated in the presence of living and heat-inactivated bacterial cells or bacterial filtrate. Living bacterial cells inhibited C. raciborskii growth after 2 days of incubation with complete cell death at day 5. Bacterial filtrate caused a rapid reduction in C. raciborskii growth at the first day, with complete cell lysis at day 3. Only living cells of SSZ01 caused reduction in CYN released into the medium during the bacterial decay of C. raciborskii cells. The biodegradation rate of CYN by SSZ01 relied on initial toxin concentrations. The highest rate (42 μg CYN L-1 day-1) was obtained at the higher initial concentration (300 μg L-1), and the lowest (4μg CYN L-1 day-1) was at lower concentration (50 μg L-1). These results suggest that this bacterial strain could be employed to bioremediate cyanobacterial blooms in freshwaters. Also, the application of this bacterium in slow sand filters would give possibilities for degradation and bioremediation of cyanotoxins in drinking water treatment plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Mohamed
- Faculty of Science, Department of Botany and Microbiology, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.
| | - Saad Alamri
- Department of Biology, King Khalid University, College of Science, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hashem
- Department of Biology, King Khalid University, College of Science, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
García Y, Vera M, Giraldo JD, Garrido-Miranda K, Jiménez VA, Urbano BF, Pereira ED. Microcystins Detection Methods: A Focus on Recent Advances Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymers. Anal Chem 2021; 94:464-478. [PMID: 34874146 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yadiris García
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, 4030000 Concepción, Chile
| | - Myleidi Vera
- Departamento de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, 4030000 Concepción, Chile
| | - Juan D Giraldo
- Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidad Austral de Chile, Sede Puerto Montt, Los Pinos s/n Balneario Pelluco, 5480000 Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Karla Garrido-Miranda
- Center of Waste Management and Bioenergy, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, 4811230 Temuco, Chile
| | - Verónica A Jiménez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Sede Concepción, Autopista Concepción-Talcahuano, 4260000 Talcahuano, Chile
| | - Bruno F Urbano
- Departamento de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, 4030000 Concepción, Chile
| | - Eduardo D Pereira
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, 4030000 Concepción, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hu C, Zuo Y, Peng L, Gan N, Song L. Widespread Distribution and Adaptive Degradation of Microcystin Degrader ( mlr-Genotype) in Lake Taihu, China. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13120864. [PMID: 34941702 PMCID: PMC8705652 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13120864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial degradation is an important route for removing environmental microcystins (MCs). Here, we investigated the ecological distribution of microcystin degraders (mlr-genotype), and the relationship between the substrate specificity of the microcystin degrader and the profile of microcystin congener production in the habitat. We showed that microcystin degraders were widely distributed and closely associated with Microcystis abundance in Lake Taihu, China. We characterized an indigenous degrader, Sphingopyxis N5 in the northern Lake Taihu, and it metabolized six microcystin congeners in increasing order (RR > LR > YR > LA > LF and LW). Such a substrate-specificity pattern was congruent to the order of the dominance levels of these congeners in northern Lake Taihu. Furthermore, a meta-analysis on global microcystin degraders revealed that the substrate-specificity patterns varied geographically, but generally matched the profiles of microcystin congener production in the degrader habitats, and the indigenous degrader typically metabolized well the dominant MC congeners, but not the rare congeners in the habitat. This highlighted the phenotypic congruence between microcystin production and degradation in natural environments. We theorize that such congruence resulted from the metabolic adaptation of the indigenous degrader to the local microcystin congeners. Under the nutrient microcystin selection, the degraders might have evolved to better exploit the locally dominant congeners. This study provided the novel insight into the ecological distribution and adaptive degradation of microcystin degraders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenlin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fresh Water Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (C.H.); (Y.Z.); (L.P.)
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Yanxia Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Fresh Water Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (C.H.); (Y.Z.); (L.P.)
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fresh Water Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (C.H.); (Y.Z.); (L.P.)
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Nanqin Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Fresh Water Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (C.H.); (Y.Z.); (L.P.)
- Correspondence: (N.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Lirong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fresh Water Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (C.H.); (Y.Z.); (L.P.)
- Correspondence: (N.G.); (L.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Biodegradation of Nodularin by a Microcystin-Degrading Bacterium: Performance, Degradation Pathway, and Potential Application. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13110813. [PMID: 34822597 PMCID: PMC8618024 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13110813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, studies worldwide have comprehensively recognized the importance of Sphingomonadaceae bacteria and the mlrCABD gene cluster in microcystin (MC) degradation. However, knowledge about their degradation of nodularin (NOD) is still unclear. In this study, the degradation mechanism of NOD by Sphingopyxis sp. m6, an efficient MC degrader isolated from Lake Taihu, was investigated in several aspects, including degradation ability, degradation products, and potential application. The strain degraded NOD of 0.50 mg/L with a zero-order rate constant of 0.1656 mg/L/d and a half-life of 36 h. The average degradation rate of NOD was significantly influenced by the temperature, pH, and initial toxin concentrations. Moreover, four different biodegradation products, linear NOD, tetrapeptide H-Glu-Mdhb-MeAsp-Arg-OH, tripeptide H-Mdhb-MeAsp-Arg-OH, and dipeptide H-MeAsp-Arg-OH, were identified, of which the latter two are the first reported. Furthermore, the four mlr genes were upregulated during NOD degradation. The microcystinase MlrA encoded by the mlrA gene hydrolyzes the Arg-Adda bond to generate linear NOD as the first step of NOD biodegradation. Notably, recombinant MlrA showed higher degradation activity and stronger environmental adaptability than the wild strain, suggesting future applications in NOD pollution remediation. This research proposes a relatively complete NOD microbial degradation pathway, which lays a foundation for exploring the mechanisms of NOD degradation by MC-degrading bacteria.
Collapse
|
42
|
Abdallah MF, Van Hassel WHR, Andjelkovic M, Wilmotte A, Rajkovic A. Cyanotoxins and Food Contamination in Developing Countries: Review of Their Types, Toxicity, Analysis, Occurrence and Mitigation Strategies. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:786. [PMID: 34822570 PMCID: PMC8619289 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13110786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanotoxins have gained global public interest due to their potential to bioaccumulate in food, which threatens human health. Bloom formation is usually enhanced under Mediterranean, subtropical and tropical climates which are the dominant climate types in developing countries. In this context, we present an up-to-date overview of cyanotoxins (types, toxic effects, analysis, occurrence, and mitigation) with a special focus on their contamination in (sea)food from all the developing countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America as this has received less attention. A total of 65 publications have been found (from 2000 until October 2021) reporting the contamination by one or more cyanotoxins in seafood and edible plants (five papers). Only Brazil and China conducted more research on cyanotoxin contamination in food in comparison to other countries. The majority of research focused on the detection of microcystins using different analytical methods. The detected levels mostly surpassed the provisional tolerable daily intake limit set by the World Health Organization, indicating a real risk to the exposed population. Assessment of cyanotoxin contamination in foods from developing countries still requires further investigations by conducting more survey studies, especially the simultaneous detection of multiple categories of cyanotoxins in food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F. Abdallah
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Wannes H. R. Van Hassel
- Sciensano, Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Organic Contaminants and Additives, Leuvensesteenweg 17, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium;
| | - Mirjana Andjelkovic
- Sciensano Research Institute, Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Risk and Health Impact Assessment, Ju-liette Wytsmanstreet 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Annick Wilmotte
- BCCM/ULC Cyanobacteria Collection, InBios-Centre for Protein Engineering, Université de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium;
| | - Andreja Rajkovic
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
The Effects of Ferric Sulfate (Fe 2(SO 4) 3) on the Removal of Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins: A Mesocosm Experiment. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13110753. [PMID: 34822537 PMCID: PMC8619581 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13110753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms are a global concern. Chemical coagulants are used in water treatment to remove contaminants from the water column and could potentially be used in lakes and reservoirs. The aims of this study was to: 1) assess the efficiency of ferric sulfate (Fe2(SO4)3) coagulant in removing harmful cyanobacterial cells from lake water with cyanobacterial blooms on a short time scale, 2) determine whether some species of cyanobacteria can be selectively removed, and 3) determine the differential impact of coagulants on intra- and extra-cellular toxins. Our main results are: (i) more than 96% and 51% of total cyanobacterial cells were removed in mesocosms with applied doses of 35 mgFe/L and 20 mgFe/L, respectively. Significant differences in removing total cyanobacterial cells and several dominant cyanobacteria species were observed between the two applied doses; (ii) twelve microcystins, anatotoxin-a (ANA-a), cylindrospermopsin (CYN), anabaenopeptin A (APA) and anabaenopeptin B (APB) were identified. Ferric sulfate effectively removed the total intracellular microcystins (greater than 97% for both applied doses). Significant removal of extracellular toxins was not observed after coagulation with both doses. Indeed, the occasional increase in extracellular toxin concentration may be related to cells lysis during the coagulation process. No significant differential impact of dosages on intra- and extra-cellular toxin removal was observed which could be relevant to source water applications where optimal dosing is difficult to achieve.
Collapse
|
44
|
Benegas GRS, Bernal SPF, de Oliveira VM, Passarini MRZ. Antimicrobial activity against Microcystis aeruginosa and degradation of microcystin-LR by bacteria isolated from Antarctica. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:52381-52391. [PMID: 34009576 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14458-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria massive proliferations are common in freshwater bodies worldwide, causing adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems and public health. Numerous species develop blooms. Most of them correspond to the toxic microcystin-producing cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. Microorganisms recovered from Antarctic environment can be considered an unexploited source of antimicrobial compounds. Data about their activity against cyanobacteria are scant or inexistent. This study aimed to evaluate the capacity of Antarctic bacteria to inhibit the proliferation of M. aeruginosa BCPUSP232 and to degrade microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Cell-free extracts of seventy-six bacterial strains were initially tested for antimicrobial activity. Unidentified (UN) strains 62 and ES7 and Psychromonas arctica were able to effectively lyse M. aeruginosa. Eight strains showed MIC ranging from 0.55 to 3.00 mg mL-1, with ES7 showing the best antimicrobial activity. Arthrobacter sp. 443 and UN 383 were the most efficient in degrading MC-LR, with 24.87 and 23.85% degradation, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report of antimicrobial and MC-LR degradation activities by Antarctic bacteria, opening up perspectives for their future application as an alternative or supporting approach to help mitigate cyanobacterial blooms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Rocío Sosa Benegas
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Ambiental, UNILA - Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana, Av. Tarquínio Joslin dos Santos, 1000 - Jd Universitário, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, 85870-650, Brazil
- ITAIPU BINACIONAL - Estación de acuicultura - Laboratorios ecológicos de la División de Embalse MARR.CE, Supercarretera Itaipu, Km 16.5, Hernandarias, Paraguay
| | - Suzan Prado Fernandes Bernal
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Ambiental, UNILA - Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana, Av. Tarquínio Joslin dos Santos, 1000 - Jd Universitário, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, 85870-650, Brazil
| | - Valéria Maia de Oliveira
- CPQBA/UNICAMP - Divisão de Recursos Microbianos, Rua Alexandre Caselatto 999, Vila Betel, CP 6171, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Michel Rodrigo Zambrano Passarini
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Ambiental, UNILA - Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana, Av. Tarquínio Joslin dos Santos, 1000 - Jd Universitário, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, 85870-650, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
A Brief Review of the Structure, Cytotoxicity, Synthesis, and Biodegradation of Microcystins. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13162147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms pose an environmental health hazard due to the release of water-soluble cyanotoxins. One of the most prevalent cyanotoxins in nature is microcystins (MCs), a class of cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxins, and they are produced by several common cyanobacteria in aquatic environments. Once released from cyanobacterial cells, MCs are subjected to physical chemical and biological transformations in natural environments. MCs can also be taken up and accumulated in aquatic organisms and their grazers/predators and induce toxic effects in several organisms, including humans. This brief review aimed to summarize our current understanding on the chemical structure, exposure pathway, cytotoxicity, biosynthesis, and environmental transformation of microcystins.
Collapse
|
46
|
Arman T, Clarke JD. Microcystin Toxicokinetics, Molecular Toxicology, and Pathophysiology in Preclinical Rodent Models and Humans. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13080537. [PMID: 34437407 PMCID: PMC8402503 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13080537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Microcystins are ubiquitous toxins produced by photoautotrophic cyanobacteria. Human exposures to microcystins occur through the consumption of contaminated drinking water, fish and shellfish, vegetables, and algal dietary supplements and through recreational activities. Microcystin-leucine-arginine (MCLR) is the prototypical microcystin because it is reported to be the most common and toxic variant and is the only microcystin with an established tolerable daily intake of 0.04 µg/kg. Microcystin toxicokinetics is characterized by low intestinal absorption, rapid and specific distribution to the liver, moderate metabolism to glutathione and cysteinyl conjugates, and low urinary and fecal excretion. Molecular toxicology involves covalent binding to and inhibition of protein phosphatases, oxidative stress, cell death (autophagy, apoptosis, necrosis), and cytoskeleton disruption. These molecular and cellular effects are interconnected and are commonly observed together. The main target organs for microcystin toxicity are the intestine, liver, and kidney. Preclinical data indicate microcystins may also have nervous, pulmonary, cardiac, and reproductive system toxicities. Recent evidence suggests that exposure to other hepatotoxic insults could potentiate microcystin toxicity and increase the risk for chronic diseases. This review summarizes the current knowledge for microcystin toxicokinetics, molecular toxicology, and pathophysiology in preclinical rodent models and humans. More research is needed to better understand human toxicokinetics and how multifactorial exposures contribute to disease pathogenesis and progression.
Collapse
|
47
|
Anabaenopeptins: What We Know So Far. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13080522. [PMID: 34437393 PMCID: PMC8402340 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13080522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are microorganisms with photosynthetic mechanisms capable of colonizing several distinct environments worldwide. They can produce a vast spectrum of bioactive compounds with different properties, resulting in an improved adaptative capacity. Their richness in secondary metabolites is related to their unique and diverse metabolic apparatus, such as Non-Ribosomal Peptide Synthetases (NRPSs). One important class of peptides produced by the non-ribosomal pathway is anabaenopeptins. These cyclic hexapeptides demonstrated inhibitory activity towards phosphatases and proteases, which could be related to their toxicity and adaptiveness against zooplankters and crustaceans. Thus, this review aims to identify key features related to anabaenopeptins, including the diversity of their structure, occurrence, the biosynthetic steps for their production, ecological roles, and biotechnological applications.
Collapse
|
48
|
Monitoring Cyanobacterial Blooms during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Campania, Italy: The Case of Lake Avernus. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13070471. [PMID: 34357943 PMCID: PMC8310267 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13070471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are ubiquitous photosynthetic microorganisms considered as important contributors to the formation of Earth’s atmosphere and to the process of nitrogen fixation. However, they are also frequently associated with toxic blooms, named cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs). This paper reports on an unusual out-of-season cyanoHAB and its dynamics during the COVID-19 pandemic, in Lake Avernus, South Italy. Fast detection strategy (FDS) was used to assess this phenomenon, through the integration of satellite imagery and biomolecular investigation of the environmental samples. Data obtained unveiled a widespread Microcystis sp. bloom in February 2020 (i.e., winter season in Italy), which completely disappeared at the end of the following COVID-19 lockdown, when almost all urban activities were suspended. Due to potential harmfulness of cyanoHABs, crude extracts from the “winter bloom” were evaluated for their cytotoxicity in two different human cell lines, namely normal dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) and breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7). The chloroform extract was shown to exert the highest cytotoxic activity, which has been correlated to the presence of cyanotoxins, i.e., microcystins, micropeptins, anabaenopeptins, and aeruginopeptins, detected by molecular networking analysis of liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) data.
Collapse
|
49
|
Ait Abderrahim L, Taibi K, Boussaid M, Al-Shara B, Ait Abderrahim N, Ait Abderrahim S. Allium sativum mitigates oxidative damages induced by Microcystin-LR in heart and liver tissues of mice. Toxicon 2021; 200:30-37. [PMID: 34217748 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) are hepatotoxic cyanotoxins implicated in several incidents of human and animal toxicity. Microcystin-(Lysine, Arginine) or MC-LR is the most toxic and encountered variant of MCs where oxidative stress plays a key role in its toxicity. This study investigated the oxidative damages induced in the liver and heart of Balb/C mice by an intraperitoneal injected acute dose of MC-LR. Thereafter, the potential protective effect of garlic (Allium sativum) extract supplementation against such damages was assessed through the evaluation of oxidative stress and cytotoxicity markers. Lipid peroxidation (LPO), carbonyl content (CC), glutathione content (GSH), alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) activities were measured. Results showed important oxidative damages in hepatic and cardiac cells of mice injected with the toxin. However, these damages have been significantly reduced in mice supplemented with garlic extract. Thus, this study demonstrated for the first time the effective use of garlic as an antioxidant agent against oxidative damages induced by MC-LR. As well, this study supports the use of garlic as a potential remedy against pathologies related to toxic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Ait Abderrahim
- Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Ibn Khaldoun University, Karman Campus, 14000, Tiaret, Algeria.
| | - Khaled Taibi
- Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Ibn Khaldoun University, Karman Campus, 14000, Tiaret, Algeria
| | - Mohamed Boussaid
- Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Ibn Khaldoun University, Karman Campus, 14000, Tiaret, Algeria
| | - Baker Al-Shara
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | | | - Sabrina Ait Abderrahim
- Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Ibn Khaldoun University, Karman Campus, 14000, Tiaret, Algeria
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Mohamed ZA, Hashem M, Alamri S, Campos A, Vasconcelos V. Fungal biodegradation and removal of cyanobacteria and microcystins: potential applications and research needs. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:37041-37050. [PMID: 34053035 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14623-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms (HCB) have severe impacts on marine and freshwater systems worldwide. They cause oxygen depletion and produce potent cyanotoxins that have detrimental effects on human and environmental health and deteriorate the water quality. Biological treatment of the water for control of cyanobacterial blooms and removal of cyanotoxins can be a more economical and environment-friendly way, as they do not result in production of undesirable by-products. Most biological treatments of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins have concentrated largely on bacteria, with little attention paid to algicidal fungi. Therefore, this review aims to provide an overview of the current status and the main progresses achieved in fungal biodegradation of HCB and cyanotoxin research. The available data revealed that 15 fungal species had high lytic activity against cyanobacteria, and 6 species were capable of degrading microcystins (MCs). Some fungal species (e.g., Aurobasidium pullulans and Trichoderma citrinoviride) have been identified to selectively inhibit the growth of cyanobacteria rather than beneficial species of other algal groups. Interestingly, some fungal strains (Trichaptum abietinum, Trichoderma citrinoviride) exhibited di-functional trait, being efficient in lysing cyanobacteria and degrading MCs released from the cells after decay. Beyond a comprehensive review of algicidal and toxin-degrading activities of fungi, this paper also identifies and prioritizes research gaps in algicidal fungi. The review also gives insights to the potential applications of algicidal fungi for removal of cyanobacterial blooms and their cyanotoxins from the aquatic environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria A Mohamed
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Hashem
- College of Science, Department of Biology, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Saad Alamri
- College of Science, Department of Biology, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alexandre Campos
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Departament of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|