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Maqsood Q, Sumrin A, Ali Q, Hussain N, Malook SU, Ali D. In-silico analysis of ribosome inactivating protein (RIP) of the Cucurbitaceae family. AMB Express 2024; 14:61. [PMID: 38801471 PMCID: PMC11130107 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-024-01718-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are highly active N-glycosidases that depurinate both bacterial and eukaryotic rRNAs, halting protein synthesis during translation. Found in a diverse spectrum of plant species and tissues, RIPs possess antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, and insecticidal properties linked to plant defense. In this study, we investigated the physiochemical properties of RIP peptides from the Cucurbitaceae family through bioinformatics approaches. Molecular weight, isoelectric point, aliphatic index, extinction coefficient, and secondary structures were analyzed, revealing their hydrophobic nature. The novelty of this work lies in the comprehensive examination of RIPs from the Cucurbitaceae family and their potential therapeutic applications. The study also elucidated the binding interactions of Cucurbitaceae RIPs with key biological targets, including Interleukin-6 (IL-6). Strong hydrogen bond interactions between RIPs and these targets suggest potential for innovative insilico drug design and therapeutic applications, particularly in cancer treatment. Comprehensive analysis of bond lengths using Ligpolt + software provides insights for optimizing molecular interactions, offering a valuable tool for drug design and structural biology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quratulain Maqsood
- Department of Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aleena Sumrin
- Department of Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Qurban Ali
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Nazim Hussain
- Department of Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Saif Ul Malook
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Daoud Ali
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Ao X, Luo C, Zhang M, Liu L, Peng S. The efficacy of natural products for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14411. [PMID: 38073436 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor originating in the nasopharyngeal epithelium with a high incidence in southern China and parts of Southeast Asia. The current treatment methods are mainly radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, they often have side effects and are not suitable for long-term exposure. Natural products have received more and more attention in cancer prevention and treatment because of their its high efficiency, low toxic side effects, and low toxicity. Natural products can serve as a viable alternative, and this study aimed to review the efficacy and mechanisms of natural products in the treatment of NPC by examining previous literature. Most natural products act by inhibiting cell proliferation, metastasis, inducing cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Although further research is needed to verify their effectiveness and safety, natural products can significantly improve the treatment of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Ao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Luo
- Medical Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengni Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lisha Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shunlin Peng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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3
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Chang Y, Xiong W, Zou C, Zeng P, Hou J, Muhitdinov B, Shen Y, Huang Y, Guo S. Mitigation of Anti-Drug Antibody Production for Augmenting Anticancer Efficacy of Therapeutic Protein via Co-Injection of Nano-Rapamycin. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2303916. [PMID: 37705134 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The induction of anti-drug antibody (ADA) is a formidable challenge for protein-based therapy. Trichosanthin (TCS) as a class of ribosome-inactivating proteins is widely studied in tumor treatment. However, the immunogenicity can induce the formation of ADA, which can cause hypersensitivity reactions and neutralize the efficacy of TCS, thus limiting its clinical application in cancer therapy. Here, a promising solution to this issue is presented by co-administration of the rapamycin nanoparticles and TCS. PEGylated rapamycin amphiphilic molecule is designed and synthesized as a prodrug and a delivery carrier, which can self-assemble into a nanoparticle system with encapsulation of free rapamycin, a hydrophobic drug. It is found that co-injection of the PEGylated rapamycin nanoparticles and TCS could mitigate the formation of anti-TCS antibody via inducing durable immunological tolerance. Importantly, the combination of TCS and the rapamycin nanoparticles has an enhanced effect on inhibit the growth of breast cancer. This work provides a promising approach for protein toxin-based anticancer therapy and for promoting the clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510450, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, 528437, China
| | - Chenming Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jiazhen Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bahtiyor Muhitdinov
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent, 100125, Uzbekistan
| | - Yuanyuan Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, 528437, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shengrong Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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4
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Yang D, Peng D, Zhou Y, Qiang Z, Wan L, Fan X, Meng Y, Xu G, Meng Y. Alpha-Momorcharin, a type I ribosome inactivating protein, induced apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma SK-HEP-1 cells through mitochondrial pathway. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-11. [PMID: 38126176 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2295915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-Momorcharin (α-MMC), as one of the most important type I RIPs, has been reported to exert inhibitory effects against various tumour cells through its N-glycosidase activity. The present study was designed to propose an efficient purification strategy and explored its mechanism of apoptosis signalling pathway against human liver cancer cells SK-Hep-1. α-MMC can be successfully obtained by our purification strategy combining ion-exchange and gel-filtration chromatography. The functional studies revealed that α-MMC obviously increased the level of ROS and apoptosis rate, induced cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase, and depolarised MMP of SK-Hep-1 cells. To further confirm whether α-MMC could induce mitochondria involved apoptosis, we found that PARP-1, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and BCL-2 were downregulated upon α-MMC. Taken together, these results suggested that this natural purified α-MMC can induce apoptosis involved mitochondria and may serve as a potential novel therapeutic drug in the treatment of human liver cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Di Peng
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiping Zhou
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital Jinniu Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zihao Qiang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Wan
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment Ministry of Education/Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanfa Meng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment Ministry of Education/Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ge Xu
- The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Pidu District People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Meng
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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5
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Wu YJ, Lei J, Zhao J, Cao XW, Wang FJ. Design and characterization of a novel tumor-homing cell-penetrating peptide for drug delivery in TGFBR3 high-expressing tumors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:1421-1434. [PMID: 37620132 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Targeted therapy has attracted more and more attention in cancer treatment in recent years. However, due to the diversity of tumor types and the mutation of target sites on the tumor surface, some existing targets are no longer suitable for tumor therapy. In addition, the long-term administration of a single targeted drug can also lead to drug resistance and attenuate drug potency, so it is important to develop new targets for tumor therapy. The expression of Type III transforming growth factor β receptor (TGFBR3) is upregulated in colon, breast, and prostate cancer cells, and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of these cancers, so TGFBR3 may be developed as a novel target for tumor therapy, but so far there is no report on this research. In this study, the structure of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), one of the ligands of TGFBR3 was analyzed through the docking analysis with TGFBR3 and sequence charge characteristic analysis, and a functional tumor-targeting penetrating peptide T3BP was identified. The results of fluorescent labeling experiments showed that T3BP could target and efficiently enter tumor cells with high expression of TGFBR3, especially A549 cells. When the expression of TGFBR3 on the surface of tumor cells (HeLa) was knocked down by RNA interference, the high delivery efficiency of T3BP was correspondingly reduced by 40%, indicating that the delivery was TGFBR3-dependent. Trichosanthin (TCS, a plant-derived ribosome inactivating protein) fused with T3BP can enhance the inhibitory activity of the fusion protein on A549 cells by more than 200 times that of TCS alone. These results indicated that T3BP, as a novel targeting peptide that can efficiently bind TGFBR3 and be used for targeted therapy of tumors with high expression of TGFBR3. This study enriches the supply of tumor-targeting peptides and provides a new potential application option for the treatment of tumors with high expression of TGFBR3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jie Wu
- Department of Applied Biology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Lei
- Department of Applied Biology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Applied Biology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- ECUST-FONOW Joint Research Center for Innovative Medicines, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Wei Cao
- Department of Applied Biology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- ECUST-FONOW Joint Research Center for Innovative Medicines, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Fu-Jun Wang
- ECUST-FONOW Joint Research Center for Innovative Medicines, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- New Drug R&D Center, Zhejiang Fonow Medicine Co., Ltd, Dongyang, China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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6
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Jia W, Yuan J, Li S, Cheng B. The role of dysregulated mRNA translation machinery in cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic value of ribosome-inactivating proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:189018. [PMID: 37944831 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulated protein synthesis is a hallmark of tumors. mRNA translation reprogramming contributes to tumorigenesis, which is fueled by abnormalities in ribosome formation, tRNA abundance and modification, and translation factors. Not only malignant cells but also stromal cells within tumor microenvironment can undergo transformation toward tumorigenic phenotypes during translational reprogramming. Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) have garnered interests for their ability to selectively inhibit protein synthesis and suppress tumor growth. This review summarizes the role of dysregulated translation machinery in tumor development and explores the potential of RIPs in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Jia
- Oncology Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Faculty of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200043, China
| | - Jiaying Yuan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China.
| | - Binbin Cheng
- Oncology Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Faculty of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200043, China.
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7
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Yang YX, Wang XY, Lin T, Sun Y, Yu YC, Zhu ZH. Opportunities and challenges for ribosome-inactivating proteins in traditional Chinese medicine plants. Toxicon 2023; 234:107278. [PMID: 37683701 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are a class of cytotoxic rRNA N-glycosylase, which widely exist in higher plants in different taxonomy, including many traditional Chinese medicinal materials and vegetables and fruits. In this paper, the traditional Chinese medicinal plants containing RIPs protein were sorted out, and their pharmacological effects and clinical applications were analyzed. Since many RIPs in traditional Chinese medicine plants exhibit antiviral and antitumor activities and show great clinical application potential, people's interest in these proteins is on the rise. This paper summarizes the possible mechanism of RIPs's anti-virus and anti-tumor effects, and discusses its potential problems and risks, laying a foundation for subsequent research on how to exert its anti-virus and anti-tumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xuan Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin-Yi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tong Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi-Cheng Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen-Hong Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
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8
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Xu Z, Zhang X, Dong W, lv H, Zuo L, Zhu L, Wang R, Ma X. Self-assembling and pH-responsive protein nanoparticle as potential platform for targeted tumor therapy. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1172100. [PMID: 37234918 PMCID: PMC10206137 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1172100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Frequent injections at high concentrations are often required for many therapeutic proteins due to their short in vivo half-life, which usually leads to unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes, adverse side effects, high cost, and poor patient compliance. Herein we report a supramolecular strategy, self-assembling and pH regulated fusion protein to extend the in vivo half-life and tumor targeting ability of a therapeutically important protein trichosanthin (TCS). TCS was genetically fused to the N-terminus of a self-assembling protein, Sup35p prion domain (Sup35), to form a fusion protein of TCS-Sup35 that self-assembled into uniform spherical TCS-Sup35 nanoparticles (TCS-Sup35 NP) rather than classic nanofibrils. Importantly, due to the pH response ability, TCS-Sup35 NP well retained the bioactivity of TCS and possessed a 21.5-fold longer in vivo half-life than native TCS in a mouse model. As a result, in a tumor-bearing mouse model, TCS-Sup35 NP exhibited significantly improved tumor accumulation and antitumor activity without detectable systemic toxicity as compared with native TCS. These findings suggest that self-assembling and pH responding protein fusion may provide a new, simple, general, and effective solution to remarkably improve the pharmacological performance of therapeutic proteins with short circulation half-lives.
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Wang K, Wang X, Zhang M, Ying Z, Zhu Z, Tam KY, Li C, Zhou G, Gao F, Zeng M, Sze SCW, Wang X, Sha O. Trichosanthin Promotes Anti-Tumor Immunity through Mediating Chemokines and Granzyme B Secretion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021416. [PMID: 36674931 PMCID: PMC9864620 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Trichosanthin (TCS) is a type I ribosome-inactivating protein extracted from the tuberous root of the plant Trichosanthes. TCS shows promising potential in clinical drug abortion, anti-tumor and immunological regulation. However, the molecular mechanisms of its anti-tumor and immune regulation properties are still not well discovered. In the present study, we investigated the anti-tumor activity of TCS in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), both in vitro and in vivo. Both HCC cell lines and xenograft tumor tissues showed considerable growth inhibition after they were treated with TCS. TCS provoked caspase-mediated apoptosis in HCC cells and xenograft tumor tissues. The recruitment of CD8+ T cells to HCC tissues and the expression of chemokines, CCL2 and CCL22, were promoted upon TCS treatment. In addition, TCS induced an upregulation of Granzyme B (GrzB), TNF-α and IFN-γ in HCC tissues, which are the major cytotoxic mediators produced by T cells. Furthermore, TCS also resulted in an increase of mannose-6-phosphate receptor (M6PR), the major receptor of GrzB, in HCC tissues. In summary, these results suggest that TCS perhaps increases T-cell immunity via promoting the secretion of chemokines and accelerating the entry of GrzB to HCC cells, which highlights the potential role of TCS in anti-tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaifang Wang
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hongkong 999077, China
| | - Xiaona Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Minghuan Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Zhenguang Ying
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Zeyao Zhu
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Kin Yip Tam
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Chunman Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515000, China
| | - Guowei Zhou
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Meiqi Zeng
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Stephen Cho Wing Sze
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hongkong 999077, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (O.S.)
| | - Ou Sha
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (O.S.)
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10
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Dong L, He J, Luo L, Wang K. Targeting the Interplay of Autophagy and ROS for Cancer Therapy: An Updated Overview on Phytochemicals. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16010092. [PMID: 36678588 PMCID: PMC9865312 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved self-degradation system that recycles cellular components and damaged organelles, which is critical for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) are short-lived molecules containing unpaired electrons that are formed by the partial reduction of molecular oxygen. It is widely known that autophagy and ROS can regulate each other to influence the progression of cancer. Recently, due to the wide potent anti-cancer effects with minimal side effects, phytochemicals, especially those that can modulate ROS and autophagy, have attracted great interest of researchers. In this review, we afford an overview of the complex regulatory relationship between autophagy and ROS in cancer, with an emphasis on phytochemicals that regulate ROS and autophagy for cancer therapy. We also discuss the effects of ROS/autophagy inhibitors on the anti-cancer effects of phytochemicals, and the challenges associated with harnessing the regulation potential on ROS and autophagy of phytochemicals for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Dong
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jingqiu He
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Luo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (K.W.)
| | - Kui Wang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (K.W.)
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11
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Chen G, Xiong W, Gu Z, Gao Y, Hou J, Long L, Wang H, Asrorov AM, Muhitdinov B, Xu Q, Huang Y. Mannosylated engineered trichosanthin-legumain protein vaccine hydrogel for breast cancer immunotherapy. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 223:1485-1494. [PMID: 36395942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The development of cancer vaccines based on tumor-associated antigens is hurdled by lack of an efficient adjuvant and insufficient efficacy. To improve the efficacy of vaccines, a genetically-engineered method was employed in this work to achieve the codelivery of antigen and adjuvant to enhance immune responses. Trichosanthin is a plant-derived protein that possesses cancer immune stimulation function. A genetically engineered protein vaccine composed of trichosanthin (adjuvant) and legumain domain (a peptidic antigen) was constructed, which was further chemically modified with mannose for targeting dendritic cells (DCs). The method is facile and ready for scaling up for massive production. Such a "two-in-one" vaccine is advantageous for codelivery for augmenting the immune responses. The vaccine inhibited the tumors by triggering a robust cytotoxic T lymphocyte response in the orthotopic-breast-tumor mice. Furthermore, the vaccine was loaded into the temperature-sensitive hydrogel based on Pluronic F127 for implanting use in the post-surgical site. The sustained-released vaccine from the hydrogel inhibited not only the tumor recurrence but also the lung metastases of breast cancer. These findings demonstrated that it was a safe and effective vaccination for breast cancer immunotherapy in a prophylactical and therapeutical manner for remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment and arresting tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Chen
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou 510450, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, The Institutes of Drug Discovery and Development, CAS, Zhongshan 528437, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou 510450, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, The Institutes of Drug Discovery and Development, CAS, Zhongshan 528437, China
| | - Zeyun Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yanrong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiazhen Hou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, 10, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Li Long
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou 510450, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, The Institutes of Drug Discovery and Development, CAS, Zhongshan 528437, China
| | - Huiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Akmal M Asrorov
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China; Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, 83, M. Ulughbek Street, Tashkent 100125, Uzbekistan
| | - Bahtiyor Muhitdinov
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China; Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, 83, M. Ulughbek Street, Tashkent 100125, Uzbekistan
| | - Qin Xu
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou 510450, China.
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, The Institutes of Drug Discovery and Development, CAS, Zhongshan 528437, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, 10, Nanjing 210023, China.
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