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Ghavam M, Markabi FS. Evaluation of Yield, Chemical Profile, and Antimicrobial Activity of Teucrium polium L. Essential Oil Used in Iranian Folk Medicine. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-023-04847-6. [PMID: 38194183 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04847-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Teucrium polium L. is used to treat many diseases like abdominal pains, indigestion, colds, and reproductive system diseases in Iranian folk medicine. This study was designed to investigate the yield, chemical profile of essential oil, and antibacterial and antifungal activity of this species. The flowering aerial parts of T. polium were collected from the Margh region of Kashan, Iran. The essential oil of the plant was extracted and separated using the Clevenger apparatus and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil against a variety of standard microbial strains was investigated with the Agar well-diffusion method and determination of the lowest growth inhibitory and lethal concentration (MIC and MBC). The results showed that the yield of T. polium essential oil (TPEO) was 0.5778%. Based on the results of GC-MS, 76 compounds (99.3%) were identified in the TPEO, of which α-pinene (9.67%), β-caryophyllene (8.07%), β-pinene (5.04%), nerolidol (4.94%), and oleic acid (4.57%) were the dominant components. The results of antimicrobial tests showed that the TPEO on Staphylococcus aureus created the largest zone of inhibition (~ 14.29 mm). The dominant inhibitory activity of this essential oil was against Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (~ 9.00 mm), which was almost similar to rifampin (~ 11 mm). It seems that the predominance of terpenoid and acidic compounds of the essential oil is one of the possible factors of the anti-bacterial activity of this essential oil. Therefore, the TPEO may be a promising and potential strategy to inhibit some bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansureh Ghavam
- Department of Nature Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Fateme Sadat Markabi
- Department of Nature Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
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Tran HL, Lai KH, Chang HS, Chen YS, Wang HC, Yang SS, Chang HW, Hsu CM, Yen CH, Hsiao HH. Indigofera suffruticosa aerial parts extract induce G2/M arrest and ATR/CHK1 pathway in Jurkat cells. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:28. [PMID: 38195460 PMCID: PMC10775588 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04325-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indigofera suffruticosa Mill. is used as a folk medicine for treating patients with leukemia, however very little is known regarding the molecular mechanism of its anti-leukemic activity and the chemical profile of the active extract. The present study aimed to reveal the molecular effect of I. suffruticosa aerial parts extract (ISAE) on leukemia cells and its chemical constituents. METHODS Cytotoxicity of ISAE were determined by resazurin viability assay, multitox - Glo multiplex cytotoxicity assay, and Annexin V staining assay. Cell cycle profiles were revealed by propidium iodide staining assay. The effects of ISAE on G2/M arrest signaling and DNA damage were evaluated by Western blot assay and phospho-H2A.X staining assay. The chemical profile of ISAE were determined by tandem mass spectroscopy and molecular networking approach. RESULTS We showed that the acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line Jurkat cell was more responsive to ISAE treatment than other leukemia cell lines. In contrast, ISAE did not induce cytotoxic effects in normal fibroblast cells. Cell cycle analysis revealed that ISAE triggered G2/M arrest in Jurkat cells in dose- and time-dependent manners. Elevation of annexin V-stained cells and caspase 3/7 activity suggested ISAE-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, ISAE alone could increase the phosphorylation of CDK1 at Y15 and activate the ATR/CHK1/Wee1/CDC25C signaling pathway. However, the addition of caffeine, a widely used ATR inhibitor to ISAE, reduced the phosphorylation of ATR, CHK1, and CDK1, as well as G2/M arrest in Jurkat cells. Moreover, increased phospho-H2A.X stained cells indicated the involvement of DNA damage in the anti-leukemic effect of ISAE. Finally, qualitative analysis using UPLC-tandem mass spectroscopy and molecular networking revealed that tryptanthrin was the most abundant organoheterocyclic metabolite in ISAE. At equivalent concentrations to ISAE, tryptanthrin induced G2/M arrest of Jurkat cells, which can be prevented by caffeine. CONCLUSIONS ISAE causes G2/M arrest via activating ATR/CHK1/CDK1 pathway and tryptanthrin is one of the active components of ISAE. Our findings provide subtle support to the traditional use of I. suffruitcosa in leukemia management in folk medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Loan Tran
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Hung Lai
- PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hsun-Shuo Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Siao Chen
- Ph.D. Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Wang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shuen-Shin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Wei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Mu Hsu
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Yen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Hua Hsiao
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
- Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
- Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
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Qari SH, Alqethami A, Qumsani AT. Ethnomedicinal evaluation of medicinal plants used for therapies by men and women in rural and urban communities in Makkah district. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:101881. [PMID: 38130903 PMCID: PMC10733703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
For the first time, differences in ethnobotanical knowledge of medicinal plants between men and women, as well as tribal and urban populations in the Makkah district, are investigated. The current research aims to provide responses to the following questions: (1) According to tribal and urban cultures, which medicinal plants are used by Saudis in Makkah? (2) In view of demographic differences, how much do male and female use medicinal plants? (3) Are the plants utilized by male and female considerably various? And, (4), how do men and women learn about therapeutic plants? Methods: Ethnomedicinal study was carried out in Makkah and its adjacent villages from September 2022 to January 2023. To document local medicinal plants, individuals used free-listing, semi-structured interviews, and an online survey form. In all, 59 male and 62 female were questioned face-to-face, and 239 participants completed the questionnaire, with 110 men and 129 women responding. Results: A total of 92 local folks for medicinal plants have been recorded, covering 88 different plant species belong to 36 families. Men cited 69 plants (34 families), whereas women referenced 64. (33 plant families). Males and females know in comparable ways, although they employ different medicinal herbs to remedy a variety of diseases. Conclusions: The use of medicinal plants by Saudis in Makkah is dependent on gendered social roles and experiences, as well as population structure. Education and urbanization exert a greater impact on the preference for biomedical or traditional medicinal usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer H. Qari
- Department of Biology, Genetics and Molecular Biology Central Laboratory, Aljumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan Alqethami
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa T. Qumsani
- Department of Biology, Genetics and Molecular Biology Central Laboratory, Aljumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Yang YX, Wang XY, Lin T, Sun Y, Yu YC, Zhu ZH. Opportunities and challenges for ribosome-inactivating proteins in traditional Chinese medicine plants. Toxicon 2023; 234:107278. [PMID: 37683701 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are a class of cytotoxic rRNA N-glycosylase, which widely exist in higher plants in different taxonomy, including many traditional Chinese medicinal materials and vegetables and fruits. In this paper, the traditional Chinese medicinal plants containing RIPs protein were sorted out, and their pharmacological effects and clinical applications were analyzed. Since many RIPs in traditional Chinese medicine plants exhibit antiviral and antitumor activities and show great clinical application potential, people's interest in these proteins is on the rise. This paper summarizes the possible mechanism of RIPs's anti-virus and anti-tumor effects, and discusses its potential problems and risks, laying a foundation for subsequent research on how to exert its anti-virus and anti-tumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xuan Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin-Yi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tong Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi-Cheng Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen-Hong Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
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Nunes DADF, Lopes GFM, Nizer WSDC, Aguilar MGD, Santos FRDS, Sousa GFD, Ferraz AC, Duarte LP, Brandão GC, Vieira-Filho SA, Magalhães CLDB, Ferreira JMS, de Magalhães JC. Virucidal antiviral activity of Maytenus quadrangulata extract against Mayaro virus: Evidence for the presence of catechins. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 311:116436. [PMID: 37003399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Mayaro virus (MAYV) is an arbovirus endemic to the Amazon region, which comprises the states of the North and Midwest region of Brazil and encompasses the largest tropical forest in the world, the Amazon Forest. The confirmation of its potential transmission by Aedes aegypti and recent cases in Brazil, mainly in large centers in the northern region, led to the classification of Mayaro fever as an emerging disease. Traditional medicine is commonly used to treat various diseases, mainly by local riverside populations. Some species of the genus Maytenus, which have similar morphologies, are popularly used to treat infections and inflammations. In this context, our research group has studied and confirmed the antiviral activity of several plant-derived compounds. However, several species of this same genus have not been studied and therefore deserve attention. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to demonstrate the effects of ethyl acetate extracts of leaves (LAE) and branches (TAE) of Maytenus quadrangulata against MAYV. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mammalian cells (Vero cells) were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the extracts. After cell infection by MAYV and the treatment with the extracts, we evaluated the selectivity index (SI), the virucidal effect, viral adsorption and internalization, and the effect on viral gene expression. The antiviral action was confirmed by quantifying the viral genome using RT-qPCR and by analyzing the effect on virus yield in infected cells. The treatment was performed based on the effective concentration protective for 50% of the infected cells (EC50). RESULTS The leaves (LAE; EC50 12.0 μg/mL) and branches (TAE; EC50 101.0 μg/mL) extracts showed significative selectivity against the virus, with SI values of 79.21 and 9.91, respectively, which were considered safe. Phytochemical analysis revealed that the antiviral action was associated with the presence of catechins, mainly in LAE. This extract was chosen for the subsequent studies since it reduced the viral cytopathic effect and virus production, even at high viral loads [MOI (multiplicity of infection) 1 and 5]. The effects of LAE resulted in a marked reduction in viral gene expression. The viral title was drastically reduced when LAE was added to the virus before infection or during replication stages, reducing virus production up to 5-log units compared to infected and untreated cells. CONCLUSION Through kinetic replication, MAYV was not detected in Vero cells treated with LAE throughout the viral cycle. The virucidal effect of LAE inactivates the viral particle and can intercept the virus at the end of the cycle when it gains the extracellular environment. Therefore, LAE is a promising source of antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mariana G de Aguilar
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ariane Coelho Ferraz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucienir Pains Duarte
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - José Carlos de Magalhães
- Laboratory of Virology and Cellular Technology, Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Bioprocess Engineering, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Ouro Branco, MG, Brazil.
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Yosri N, Alsharif SM, Xiao J, Musharraf SG, Zhao C, Saeed A, Gao R, Said NS, Di Minno A, Daglia M, Guo Z, Khalifa SAM, El-Seedi HR. Arctium lappa (Burdock): Insights from ethnopharmacology potential, chemical constituents, clinical studies, pharmacological utility and nanomedicine. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114104. [PMID: 36516694 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Arctium lappa L. is a medicinal edible homologous plant, commonly known as burdock or bardana, which belongs to the Asteraceae family. It is widely distributed throughout Northern Asia, Europe, and North America and has been utilized for hundreds of years. The roots, fruits, seeds, and leaves of A. lappa have been extensively used in traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). A. lappa has attracted a great deal of attention due to its possession of highly recognized bioactive metabolites with significant therapeutic potential. Numerous pharmacological effects have been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo by A. lappa and its bioactive metabolites, including antimicrobial, anti-obesity, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-allergic, antiviral, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective activities. Additionally, A. lappa has demonstrated considerable clinical efficacies and valuable applications in nanomedicine. Collectively, this review covers the properties of A. lappa and its bioactive metabolites, ethnopharmacology aspects, pharmacological effects, clinical trials, and applications in the field of nanomedicine. Hence, a significant attention should be paid to clinical trials and industrial applications of this plant with particular emphasis, on drug discovery and nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermeen Yosri
- Chemistry Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (RIMAP), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Sultan M Alsharif
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al Madinah 887, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Syed G Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Chemistry Department, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ruichang Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Noha S Said
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt
| | - Alessandro Di Minno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhiming Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Shaden A M Khalifa
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Stockholm University, The Wenner-GrenInstitute, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Box 591, SE 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden; International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing (Jiangsu Education Department), Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Peñaloza EMC, Costa SS, Herrera-Calderon O. Medicinal Plants in Peru as a Source of Immunomodulatory Drugs Potentially Useful Against COVID-19. Rev Bras Farmacogn 2023; 33:237-58. [PMID: 36855527 DOI: 10.1007/s43450-023-00367-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The current COVID-19 pandemic, characterized by a highly contagious severe acute respiratory syndrome, led us to look for medicinal plants as an alternative to obtain new drugs, especially those with immunomodulatory abilities, capable of acting against the pulmonary infection caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Despite medical advances with COVID-19 drugs and vaccines, plant-based compounds could provide an array of suitable candidates to test against this virus, or at the very least, to alleviate some symptoms. Therefore, this review explores some plants widely used in Peru that show immunomodulatory properties or, even more, contain phytoconstituents potentially useful to prevent or alleviate the COVID-19 infection. More interestingly, the present review highlights relevant information from those plants to support the development of new drugs to boost the immune system. We used three criteria to choose nine vegetal species, and a descriptive search was then conducted from 1978 to 2021 on different databases, using keywords focused on the immune system that included information such as pharmacological properties, phytochemical, botanical, ethnobotanical uses, and some clinical trials. From these literature data, our results displayed considerable immunomodulation activity along with anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, and antitumoral activities. Noticeably, these pharmacological activities are related with a wide variety of bioactive phytoconstituents (mixtures or isolated compounds) which may be beneficial in modulating the overt inflammatory response in severe COVID-19. Further scientific research on the pharmacological activities and clinical utilization of these potential plants are warranted. Graphical Abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43450-023-00367-w.
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Wendimu A, Tekalign W. An ethnozoological study of traditional medicinal animals and their products from Wolaita, Southern Ethiopia. Heliyon 2022; 9:e12733. [PMID: 36685471 PMCID: PMC9849993 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ethiopia has a diverse set of floral and faunal resources that are used for primary health care in traditional or indigenous medicine. However, because they are passed down orally from one generation to the next, this indigenous medical practice is being ignored and is continuing to disappear. As a result, the goal of this ethnozoological study was to assess and document traditional healers' and indigenous people's knowledge in use of animal parts or products for medical purposes in the Diguna Fango District of Wolaita, Ethiopia. Materials and methods From March 2021 to June 2021, a field survey was conducted using personal interviews, semistructured questionnaires, and open group discussions utilizing a cross-sectional study approach. Totally, two hundred informants (125 men and 75 women) were provided information on the medicinal uses of various animals. Using a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, the collected ethnozoological data were analyzed. The informant consensus factor, use value, and degree of fidelity were all determined. Results More than 50 different human ailments were treated using 39 different animal parts or products. Mammals had the highest use rate (N = 26, 66.67%). In the category of treating endocrine, metabolic, and nutritional diseases, Hystrix cristata had a high-fidelity level (FL = 95%). The highest use value (a maximum of 1.0) was for Bos taurus. The disease categories with the highest informant consensus factor (ICF) values were human immune deficiency disease, reproductive health, and genito-urinary ailment categories (ICF = 1.00). Wild animals (74%) outnumbered domestic animals (26%). The most common administration route (50%) was oral, and raw remedies had the highest use reports (58.9%). Conclusions The findings revealed that the study area contains a wealth of ethnozoological knowledge that could be useful in the formulation of novel drugs. The findings of the study should therefore be put to use in prospective ethnozoological, ethnopharmacological, and conservation-related studies in the region.
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Hani N, Baydoun S, Nasser H, Ulian T, Arnold-Apostolides N. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal wild plants in the Shouf Biosphere Reserve, Lebanon. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2022; 18:73. [PMID: 36572929 PMCID: PMC9791969 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-022-00568-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medicinal plants and associated traditional knowledge play a vital role in supporting the livelihoods and resilience of indigenous communities. This ethnobotanical survey aims to identify medicinal plants used by the local communities of the Shouf Biosphere Reserve of Lebanon (SBR) and document the associated traditional knowledge. METHODOLOGY Focus groups and personal interviews with 133 informants of community members of 22 villages of SBR were performed during 2019-2022. Informants were selected using purposive sampling techniques based on their knowledge of medicinal plants and experience in traditional herbal medicine. Interviews were conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire through field visits. RESULTS Informants were equally represented by females and males and had different demographic characteristics, and the main source of knowledge was ancestral. A total of 184 medicinal plant species belonging to 57 families were documented. The predominant families were Asteraceae (31 spp.), Lamiaceae (14 spp.), and Rosaceae (14 spp.). Leaves (23%) were the plant part most used. Decoction (45%) was the predominant preparation method, while internal (oral) use (47%) was the most frequent administration mean. Berberis libanotica, Dittrichia viscosa, and Daucus carota achieved the highest scores of frequency of citation (FC), relative frequency of citation (RFC), use value (UV), and fidelity level (FL). Furthermore, diseases and ailments of gastrointestinal tract were the category most treated. CONCLUSIONS Findings revealed a rich and diverse list of medicinal plants with associated traditional knowledge still actively used to treat a wide range of diseases. Future phytochemical and pharmacological studies are recommended to determine the efficacy and safety of plant species used. The management body of the SBR and all related authorities are invited to continue their conservation efforts to protect such rich biocultural heritage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nizar Hani
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Kaslik, Lebanon.
| | - Safaa Baydoun
- Research Center for Environment and Development, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hatem Nasser
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Kaslik, Lebanon
| | - Tiziana Ulian
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wakehurst, Ardingly, Haywards Heath, West Sussex, RH17 6TN, UK
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Vitalini S, Garzoli S, Sisto F, Pezzani R, Argentieri MP, Scarafoni A, Ciappellano S, Zorzan M, Capraro J, Collazuol D, Iriti M. Digestive and gastroprotective effects of Achillea erba-rotta subsp. moschata (Wulfen) I.Richardson (syn. A. moschata Wulfen) (Asteraceae): From traditional uses to preclinical studies. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 298:115670. [PMID: 36038090 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Achillea erba-rotta subsp. moschata (Wulfen) I.Richardson (syn. A. moschata Wulfen) (Asteraceae) is an alpine endemic plant whose aerial parts are harvested by the locals mainly for the digestive properties. Despite its widespread use, few studies have been conducted to date to verify its bioactivity. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of the work was to meet the tradition confirming with experimental data the popular belief that the consumption of this species offers beneficial effects to the gastrointestinal system. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using Soxhlet apparatus, the dried aerial parts of A. erba-rotta subsp. moschata were successively extracted with petroleum ether (PET), dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH). The essential oil (EO) was obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger apparatus while infusion (AE) was prepared following the traditional local recipe. Their chemical characterization was performed by various techniques including SPME-GC/MS, GC/MS and HPLC/MS-MS. An in vitro biological screening was carried out. The influence of AE on lipid digestion was monitored by titration of free fatty acids (FFA) during pancreatic lipase activity with the pH-stat method. For all extracts and EO, the anti-Helicobacter pylori activity was assessed by the broth microdilution method, the influence on cell viability was evaluated against NCI-N87, OE21 and Caco-2 cell lines and a preliminary toxicity evaluation was done using Brine Shrimp lethality (BSL) assay. The anti-inflammatory potential was evidenced by interleukin IL-1- induced IL8 expression on Caco-2 cells. RESULTS AE increased by 15% the FFA releasing compared to the pancreatic lipase alone. PET, DCM and MeOH extracts as well as AE and EO were considered active against the growth of both antimicrobial susceptible and resistant strains of H. pylori with MIC values starting from 16 μg/mL. PET and DCM (IC50 = 89 μg/mL and 96 μg/mL, respectively, against Caco-2 cell line) extracts showed the high effect on cell viability while the EO reduced in 50% of cell viability at 1.48 μL/mL (NCI-N87 cells), 1.42 μL/mL (OE21 cells), and 3.44 μL/mL (Caco-2 cells) corroborating the BSL results. In different degrees, all extracts and EO inhibited the IL-1β-stimulated IL-8 production in Caco-2 cells. CONCLUSIONS The obtained data are encouraging and provide a scientific basis for the traditional use of A. erba-rotta subsp. moschata as a digestive agent although they need to be further corroborated by studies involving the investigation of both the in vivo activities and the role of the compounds detected in the extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vitalini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Pascal 36, 20133, Milan, Italy; National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Stefania Garzoli
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza University, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Sisto
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Pascal 36, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Raffaele Pezzani
- Phytotherapy Lab, Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, via Ospedale 105, Padova, 35128, Italy; AIROB, Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca Oncologica di Base, Padova, Italy.
| | - Maria Pia Argentieri
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
| | - Alessio Scarafoni
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Ciappellano
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Maira Zorzan
- Phytotherapy Lab, Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, via Ospedale 105, Padova, 35128, Italy.
| | - Jessica Capraro
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Daniela Collazuol
- Phytotherapy Lab, Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, via Ospedale 105, Padova, 35128, Italy.
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Pascal 36, 20133, Milan, Italy; National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
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11
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Ulriksen ES, Butt HS, Ohrvik A, Blakeney RA, Kool A, Wangensteen H, Inngjerdingen M, Inngjerdingen KT. The discovery of novel immunomodulatory medicinal plants by combination of historical text reviews and immunological screening assays. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 296:115402. [PMID: 35640738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE With the advent of immunotherapies against cancers, autoimmune diseases and infections, there is a steady demand for novel medicines. New sources for discovery of potentially novel immunomodulatory compounds are therefore needed. Nature contains a large and diverse reservoir of novel compounds that can be exploited for their potential as new drugs, and exploring the pharmaceutical potential of medicinal plants used in traditional medicine is highly relevant. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed with this study to explore usage of medicinal plants in Scandinavian folk medicine against diseases interpreted to involve the immune system, and to further screen water extracts from previously overlooked medicinal plants in order to discover potential new sources of immunomodulatory compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS We systematically investigated historical records dating back to the 1800s with an emphasis on plants used as treatment for wounds or diseases interpreted to be inflammatory. Of 74 candidate plants, 23 pharmacologically under-studied species were selected for further characterization. The plants were collected from their natural habitats in Southern Norway, air-dried, and subjected to boiling water and accelerated solvent extraction. The crude extracts were separated into polysaccharide-enriched fractions and C-18 solid phase extracted fractions. Immunological screenings were performed with all extracts and fractions. Monosaccharide composition and total phenolic content were determined and compared across all species. RESULTS We identified 10 species with clear immune activating effects and 8 species with immune inhibitory effects by comparing cytokine production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, primary human T- and NK-cell proliferation, and nitric oxide production from macrophages. CONCLUSIONS With this study, we provide a comprehensive overview of Scandinavian medicinal plants and their usage, and our findings support an approach of combining historical sources with modern pharmacology in the discovery of plant sources containing potentially new pharmacological compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hussain Shakeel Butt
- Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ane Ohrvik
- Cultural History and Museology, Department of Culture Studies and Oriental Languages, Faculty of Humanities, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | | | - Anneleen Kool
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Helle Wangensteen
- Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Marit Inngjerdingen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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12
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Green B, Feiertag N, Watts KL, Small AC. Evaluating perceptions and usage of natural remedies, herbal medicine, and dietary supplements for kidney stones among a diverse, international, urban patient population. Urolithiasis 2022; 50:447-453. [PMID: 35689693 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-022-01340-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Our goal was to assess the use and perceptions of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for kidney stones among a diverse, urban population. This was a cross-sectional study of patients treated for kidney stones in the Bronx, NY. We assessed demographic information, personal history of kidney stones, as well as knowledge and use of CAM for kidney stones. Patient demographics and responses were analyzed using chi-squared, t tests, and binomial logistic regression. 113 patients were surveyed. 90% identified as non-white, of whom 58% indicated Hispanic, 46% Latinx, and 23% Black. 56% of patients were born outside the United States. 56% of patients had heard of CAM for kidney stones and 44% had used CAM for kidney stones. The most common CAM were fruits (N = 42, 84%). Recurrent stone formers were more likely than first-time stone formers to have heard of CAM (68 vs 44% p = 0.013) and to have used CAM (56 vs 30%, p = 0.008). Those identifying as Hispanic were more likely to have both heard of and tried CAM for kidney stones (p = 0.036 and 0.022, respectively) compared to non-Hispanic patients. CAM are commonly used among our diverse, urban patient population. While some remedies are high in citrate and alkali (i.e., lemon, cranberry), others are high in oxalate (i.e., beets) and could potentially contribute to stone formation. These findings underpin the importance that medical providers educate themselves on the CAM used in their specific patient populations and discussing use with patients. Providers should aim to identify and reconcile therapeutics that oppose goals of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kara L Watts
- Department of Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1250 Waters Pl, Tower 1 Penthouse, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Alexander C Small
- Department of Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1250 Waters Pl, Tower 1 Penthouse, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
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13
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Ouango M, Romba R, Drabo SF, Ouedraogo N, Gnankiné O. Indigenous knowledge system associated with the uses of insects for therapeutic or medicinal purposes in two main provinces of Burkina Faso, West Africa. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2022; 18:50. [PMID: 35790988 PMCID: PMC9254572 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-022-00547-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some insects are harmful to humans, plants and animals, but some of them can also be a source of proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals and be of therapeutic value. The therapeutic potential requires that medicinal insects and their derived products need to be scrutinized. This study highlights the indigenous knowledge related to their use of medicinal insects in peri-urban and urban areas of Burkina Faso. METHODS The survey was carried out among 60 traditional healers spread across two phytogeographical zones of Burkina Faso. The questionnaire focused on medicinal insects used by experienced traditional healers. Chi-square tests and principal component analysis were performed to test for significant differences regarding knowledge of how insects in phytogeographically different areas were used therapeutically in connection with different disease categories. RESULTS A total of 19 species of medicinal insects belonging to 6 orders were cited in connection with treatments of at least 78 pathologies and symptoms. Most frequently mentioned was gastroenteritis. Our study showed that 48.78% of the insects and their products were associated with 46 plant species for the treatment of pathologies. In addition, honey, beeswax and nests were the most widely insect products used. CONCLUSION The current study allows us to identify medicinal insects as well as their products used in the treatment of pathologies and symptoms, suggesting the presence of a considerable diversity of therapeutically important insect species. These insects are used alone and/or with their products but often in association with medicinal plants. The results constitute a useful database for future studies of medicinal insects in central and western parts of Burkina Faso.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamadou Ouango
- Laboratoire d'Entomologie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la vie et de la Terre (UFR-SVT), Université Joseph KI ZERBO, 03 BP, 7021, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Rahim Romba
- Laboratoire d'Entomologie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la vie et de la Terre (UFR-SVT), Université Joseph KI ZERBO, 03 BP, 7021, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Samuel Fogné Drabo
- Laboratoire d'Entomologie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la vie et de la Terre (UFR-SVT), Université Joseph KI ZERBO, 03 BP, 7021, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Noufou Ouedraogo
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, (IRSS), 03 BP, 7192, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Olivier Gnankiné
- Laboratoire d'Entomologie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la vie et de la Terre (UFR-SVT), Université Joseph KI ZERBO, 03 BP, 7021, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
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Kolosova V, Pashkova T, Muslimov M, Sõukand R. Historical Review of Ethnopharmacology in Karelia (1850s-2020s): Herbs and healers. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 282:114565. [PMID: 34496265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The traditional medicine of various peoples populating Russia is strongly underrepresented in the international anthropological literature. In addition, it has a multicomponent structure, a long history of relations with official medicine, and is still a living system with many people using folk remedies and visiting ritual specialists. AIM OF THE STUDY The article is a review of folk medicine in Karelia (north-west part of Russia) providing a short description of the history of medicine in this region and a comparison of folk medicine among Karelians and Russians. MATERIALS AND METHODS The review analyzes and systematizes published and unpublished sources related to the main remedies used by the local populations - plants, animal products, minerals, etc. - from the 1850s-2000s, tracking the main tendencies in publications about the folk medicine of Karelians and Russians of Karelia. RESULTS A total of 104 medicinal plants belonging to 46 families were mentioned as medicinal. In total, they represented 386 uses which demonstrate the leading role of plant remedies in the folk medicine of Karelia. The plant species with the most uses were Betula sp., Plantago sp., Rubus idaeus, Viburnum opulus, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, and Daphne mezereum. Medicinal uses of other origins had more modest numbers: animal remedies included 146 uses, and mineral ones 43 uses. Among animal-based remedies, physiological discharges of the human body were the most popular; fish oil and bear body parts were the most used from the wild, while from the household various components of cows, horses, and dogs were used. Animal remedies were mostly used for healing furuncles, scrofula, frostbite, hernia, and lanugo. The most diversely used mineral remedy was salt. CONCLUSIONS Karelians and Russians are very disproportionally represented in the literature due to the lack of interest in the folk medicine of Russians in Karelia, in contrast to that of Karelians. The disparity does not allow adequate comparison, but nonetheless the available data demonstrate that the remedies shared by both ethnic groups are quite few. The review also contributes to research on the relationship of folk medicine and various state institutions in Russia/the Soviet Union.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Kolosova
- Ca' Foscari University, Department of Environmental Sciences, Via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre, Venice, Italy; Institute for Linguistic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tuchkov Pereulok 9, 199004, St Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Tatiana Pashkova
- Petrozavodsk State University, Lenin Str. 33, 185910, Petrozavodsk, Russia.
| | - Mehmet Muslimov
- Institute for Linguistic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tuchkov Pereulok 9, 199004, St Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Renata Sõukand
- Ca' Foscari University, Department of Environmental Sciences, Via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre, Venice, Italy.
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Mehrnia M, Akaberi M, Amiri MS, Nadaf M, Emami SA. Ethnopharmacological studies of medicinal plants in central Zagros, Lorestan Province, Iran. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 280:114080. [PMID: 33798662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lorestan Province (Iran) has a great diversity of habitats and plant diversity and the people living in this province have a good knowledge of herbal therapies. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, the authors aimed to identify and report the medicinal plants used in the folk medicine of Lorestan. MATERIAL AND METHODS The indigenous medicinal information was collected with a semi-structured open-ended questionnaire, interviews, and personal observations. The relative importance of the species were estimated through frequency of citations (FC). RESULTS and discussion: A total of 555 plants belonging to 91 families were identified. The plants belong to Asteraceae with 62 species followed by Lamiaceae (56), Apiaceae (44), Fabaceae (41), and Brassicaceae (31). The plants were mostly used as a decoction or eaten raw (32%). Leaves (22%) were the most utilized plant parts followed by shoots (16%), and seeds (13%). Thymus daenensis, Thymus eriocalyx, Mentha longifolia, Mentha spicata, Mentha piperitha, Alium sativum, Quercus infectoria, Quercus persica, Ziziphora clinopodioides, and Malus domestica had the highest FC values. Most of the plants were used for gastrointestinal, respiratory, and skin problems. CONCLUSION Lorestan is a region rich in medicinal plants. The local knowledge of herbal therapies can be used as complementary medicine, particularly by people in remote areas and as a guide for the future pharmacological and phytochemical studies. While the known medicinal plants can be harvested or cultivated for medical and pharmaceutical purposes, the less known plants with high FC scores can be investigated phytochemically and pharmacologically in the future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mehrnia
- Lorestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - M Akaberi
- Department of Pharmacogonosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - M S Amiri
- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - M Nadaf
- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - S A Emami
- Department of Pharmacogonosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Traditional Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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16
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Lima LFD, Oliveira JOD, Carneiro JNP, Lima CNF, Coutinho HDM, Morais-Braga MFB. Ethnobotanical and antimicrobial activities of the Gossypium (Cotton) genus: A review. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 279:114363. [PMID: 34216726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Malvaceae family, an important group of plants that have the Gossypium (cotton) genus has been used in folk medicine to treat microbial diseases and symptoms. AIMS OF THE STUDY This article aims to understand its ethnobotany expression in communities and scientific elucidation of antimicrobial activities of this genus through literature review. MATERIALS AND METHODS The bibliographic survey was carried out from 1999 to 2019 with keywords combinations such as "Gossypium + ethnobotanical", " Gossypium + medicinal ", "Gossypium + the biological activity" in scientific databases as Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, DOAJ, Scielo, Bireme. RESULTS After data analysis, we found that the Gossypium genus, specifically Gossypium hirsutum, G. barbadense, G. herbaceum, G. arboreum are the species most cited in the treatment of microbial diseases and symptoms in communities all over the world. In light of scientific elucidation of biological activities, the Gossypium genus has been used to treat protozoal, bacterial, fungal, and viral diseases. CONCLUSIONS The review demonstrated that the Gossypium genus is a promising source of biological activities against microbial diseases, especially in the treatment of protozoal diseases like malaria.
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Mathianaki K, Tzatzarakis M, Karamanou M. Poppies as a sleep aid for infants: The "Hypnos" remedy of Cretan folk medicine. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:1729-1733. [PMID: 34692423 PMCID: PMC8511716 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cretan traditional Medicine, used Opium poppies as sedatives for children. Poppies’ folk preparations were called Hypnos. The practice to offer Hypnos to children was alive until the early 20th century. Iatrosofia are written collections of traditional remedies. Hypnos related recipes are absent in Cretan Iatrosofia after the 17th century.
Opium Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) is considered as one of the earliest medicinal plants known to mankind. Derived from the Greek name “opos” meaning juice, referring to its psychotropic latex, the plant was known and extensively used since Antiquity during religious rituals and for Medical purposes, mainly as hypnotic and pain reliever agent. In Cretan folk medicine it was recommended along with other poppies until the early 20th century to induce children sedation, by the name: “Hypnos” meaning sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kleopatra Mathianaki
- Department of History of Medicine, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Manolis Tzatzarakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, GR, 70013, Greece
| | - Marianna Karamanou
- Department of History of Medicine and Medical Ethics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GR, 11527, Greece
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Oliveira KAD, Araújo HN, Lima TID, Oliveira AG, Favero-Santos BC, Guimarães DSP, Freitas PAD, Neves RDJD, Vasconcelos RP, Almeida MGGD, Ramos MV, Silveira LR, Oliveira ACD. Phytomodulatory proteins isolated from Calotropis procera latex promote glycemic control by improving hepatic mitochondrial function in HepG2 cells. Saudi Pharm J 2021; 29:1061-1069. [PMID: 34588851 PMCID: PMC8463474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The medicinal uses of Calotropis procera are diverse, yet some of them are based on effects that still lack scientific support. Control of diabetes is one of them. Recently, latex proteins from C. procera latex (LP) have been shown to promote in vivo glycemic control by the inhibition of hepatic glucose production via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Glycemic control has been attributed to an isolated fraction of LP (CpPII), which is composed of cysteine peptidases (95%) and osmotin (5%) isoforms. Those proteins are extensively characterized in terms of chemistry, biochemistry and structural aspects. Furthermore, we evaluated some aspects of the mitochondrial function and cellular mechanisms involved in CpPII activity. The effect of CpPII on glycemic control was evaluated in fasting mice by glycemic curve and glucose and pyruvate tolerance tests. HepG2 cells was treated with CpPII, and cell viability, oxygen consumption, PPAR activity, production of lactate and reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial density and protein and gene expression were analyzed. CpPII reduced fasting glycemia, improved glucose tolerance and inhibited hepatic glucose production in control animals. Additionally, CpPII increased the consumption of ATP-linked oxygen and mitochondrial uncoupling, reduced lactate concentration, increased protein expression of mitochondrial complexes I, III and V, and activity of peroxisome-proliferator-responsive elements (PPRE), reduced the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased mitochondrial density in HepG2 cells by activation of AMPK/PPAR. Our findings strongly support the medicinal use of the plant and suggest that CpPII is a potential therapy for prevention and/or treatment of type-2 diabetes. A common epitope sequence shared among the proteases and osmotin is possibly the responsible for the beneficial effects of CpPII.
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Key Words
- AMPK, AMP-activated kinase protein
- AUC, Area under the curve
- Bioactive proteins
- CTL, Control
- Calotropis procera
- CpPII, Major peptidase fraction treated with iodoacetamide
- DHE, Dihydroethidium
- DMEM, Dulbecco’s minimal essential medium
- DMSO, Dimethyl sulfoxide
- FCCP, Oligomycin carbonyl cyanide 4 (trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazine
- Folk medicine
- Glycemia
- HGP, Hepatic glucose production
- LP, Soluble latex proteins from Calotropis procera
- Latex
- MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
- OCR, Oxygen consumption rate
- OXPHOS, Oxidative phosphorylation
- PPAR, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
- PPRE, PPAR response element
- ROS, Reactive oxygen species
- TBS-T, Tris buffered saline solution containing 0.1% Tween 20
- UCP2, Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ariclecio Cunha de Oliveira
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Corresponding author.at: Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil.
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Zeng Z, Tian R, Feng J, Yang NA, Yuan L. A systematic review on traditional medicine Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam.: Chemistry and medicinal potential. Saudi Pharm J 2021; 29:781-98. [PMID: 34408540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam., belonging to Toddalia genus of Rutaceae family, is a folk medicine in China used for hundreds of years. The whole plant can be used as medicine, especially the root that used to be applied in the folk. In recent decades, with the in-depth research from domestic and foreign researchers, it has gradually been discovered that the chemical components in T. asiatica are mainly coumarins and alkaloids. Its pharmacological effects are manifested in anti-inflammatory and analgesic, hemostatic coagulation, anti-tumor, treatment of cardiovascular diseases, etc. It has a wide range of clinical applications and significant effects on rheumatism, pain, wound bleeding, and bruises. Due to its important research value, in this article, the chemical compositions and pharmacological effects of T. asiatica are comprehensively expounded in recent years in order to provide a reference for the related research and application of this medicinal material, which were carried out through a bibliometric search using the Science Citation Index- Expanded (SCIE) database, web of science, Google scholar and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and all that.
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Hussain N, Chanda R, Abir RA, Mou MA, Hasan MK, Ashraf MA. MPDB 2.0: a large scale and integrated medicinal plant database of Bangladesh. BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:301. [PMID: 34362451 PMCID: PMC8344187 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05721-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective MPDB 2.0 is built to be the continuation of MPDB 1.0, to serve as a more comprehensive data repertoire for Bangladeshi medicinal plants, and to provide a user-friendly interface for researchers, health practitioners, drug developers, and students who wish to study the various medicinal & nutritive plants scattered around Bangladesh and the underlying phytochemicals contributing to their efficacy in Bangladeshi folk medicine. Results MPDB 2.0 database (https://www.medicinalplantbd.com/) comprises a collection of more than five hundred Bangladeshi medicinal plants, alongside a record of their corresponding scientific, family, and local names together with their utilized parts, information regarding ailments, active compounds, and PubMed ID of related publications. While medicinal plants are not limited to the borders of any country, Bangladesh and its Southeast Asian neighbors do boast a huge collection of potent medicinal plants with considerable folk-medicinal history compared to most other countries in the world. Development of MPDB 2.0 has been highly focused upon human diseases, albeit many of the plants indexed here can serve in developing biofuel (e.g.: Jatropha curcas used in biofuel) or bioremediation technologies (e.g.: Amaranthus cruentus helps to reduce cadmium level in soil) or nutritive diets (Terminalia chebula can be used in nutritive diets) or cosmetics (Aloe vera used in cosmetics), etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazmul Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tejgaon College, National University of Bangladesh, Gazipur, 1704, Bangladesh
| | - Rony Chanda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tejgaon College, National University of Bangladesh, Gazipur, 1704, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Md Kamrul Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tejgaon College, National University of Bangladesh, Gazipur, 1704, Bangladesh.
| | - M Arif Ashraf
- Biology department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA.
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Fernando MP, Alberto HL, María Guadalupe VD, Agustina CM, Fernando NG, Eva AH, Hermelinda SC, María Eva GT. Neo-clerodane diterpenic influence in the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of Salvia circinnata Cav. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 268:113550. [PMID: 33152437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Mexico is considered an ancestral center of diversity of Salvia species, however many of them lack scientific information. Salvia circinnata Cav. (syn. Salvia amarissima Ortega) is an endemic species used in traditional medicine to treat disorders attributed to a cold state like anxiety in the central nervous system, as well as gastrointestinal ailments and pain relief. AIM OF THE STUDY To give preclinical evidence about the pharmacological properties of this species by investigating its antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects, the chemical nature of at least one metabolite, and a possible mechanism of action and adverse effects, using different experimental models of pain. MATERIAL AND METHODS Different crude extracts of Salvia circinnata Cav. aerial parts were prepared using increasing polarity and evaluated in the formalin test in mice. This screening allowed to select and evaluate an ethyl acetate extract (EtOAc), as the most bioactive extract, and a metabolite. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities were confirmed using the plantar test and carrageenan-induced edema. The antinociceptive effects of the extracts were compared to that observed with morphine (1 mg/kg), tramadol (20 mg/kg) or indomethacin (20 mg/kg) as reference drugs. Participation of opioids and TRPV1 receptors was investigated, as well as acute toxicity and adverse effects of sedation and gastric damage. RESULTS EtOAc (0.1-10 mg/kg) of S. circinnata Cav. showed a dose-dependent and significant antinociceptive activity, associated in part with the presence of a neo-clerodane glycoside amarisolide A (0.01-1 mg/kg), in the neurogenic and inflammatory phases of the formalin test. Central action of both treatments was corroborated in the plantar test, whereas anti-inflammatory effects were confirmed with the extract (1 and 10 mg/kg) and amarisolide A (1 mg/kg) in the carrageenan-induced edema test. An opioid mechanism in both treatments, and the TRPV1 receptor modulation in the extract were involved. No acute toxicity and adverse effects were noticed with the extract and pure compound in comparison to the reference drugs. CONCLUSION These results provide preclinical evidence of the ethnopharmacological antinociceptive S. circinnata Cav. properties, in which the neo-clerodane diterpene glycoside amarisolide A was partially responsible involving the participation of the opioid receptors, while TRPV1 receptor modulation was implicated in the anti-inflammatory activity may be because of the presence of other constituents. This information supports the use of this species in folk medicine for pain therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moreno-Pérez Fernando
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales de La Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias Del Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de La Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Hernandez-Leon Alberto
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales de La Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias Del Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de La Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Valle-Dorado María Guadalupe
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales de La Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias Del Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de La Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Cano-Martínez Agustina
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | | | - Aguirre-Hernández Eva
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán, 04510, CDMX, Mexico.
| | - Salgado-Ceballos Hermelinda
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico.
| | - González-Trujano María Eva
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales de La Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias Del Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de La Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Ghiasian M, Niroomandi Z, Dastan D, Poorolajal J, Zare F, Ataei S. Clinical and phytochemical studies of Plantago major in pressure ulcer treatment: A randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2021; 43:101325. [PMID: 33548748 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plantago major L. is used by local people to improve various wounds and lesions such as pressure ulcer. In this study, the therapeutic effects of P. major topical formulation on the stage 1 pressure ulcer in patients have been investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS This randomized triple blind clinical trial study was performed on 130 patients. During the 14 days of study, each of the test and control groups was checked according to check list. Also the topical formulation was standardized by HPLC based on the amount of quercetin. RESULTS The findings of this study indicated a significant difference in resolution of the damage between the test and control groups. Topical formulation was standardized by HPLC based on the quercetin (1.88 mg/100g) and no side effects associated with this topical formulation was found. CONCLUSION The results confirmed the traditional use of P. major in resolution of the damage. CLINICAL TRIAL ID: (IRCT201609209014N117).
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Ghiasian
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Niroomandi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Dara Dastan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Jalal Poorolajal
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fateme Zare
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sara Ataei
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Xia W, Zhou X, Ma J, Li T, Zhang X, Li J, Fu X. A Review of a medicinal and edible plant: Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:2567-2583. [PMID: 33438534 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210112140730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem. (Araliaceae), which is the key point of this review, has served in the treatment of diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis in traditional folk medicine in East Asia (China, Japan, Korea, Russia), also is a precious wild vegetable. This review aims to overview current research results related to Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem., with particular emphasis on chemical composition and biological activity. Search the existing research through the database, summarize and find that it has a certain therapeutic effect on a variety of chronic diseases such as: malignant tumors, cardiocerebrovascular disease, diabetes, and its complications, etc. Additionally, it is loved by people in East Asia due to its rich taste as a wild vegetable. In conclusion, it offers the possibility of developing innovative pharmacological drugs as well as health food. Thus, it is critical to prove its validity and clarify the exact action mechanisms that promote it as a pharmacological drug. This review is expected to provide direction for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Xia
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004. China
| | - Xirong Zhou
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004. China
| | - Jiahua Ma
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004. China
| | - Tingting Li
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004. China
| | - Xinhui Zhang
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004. China
| | - Juan Li
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004. China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004. China
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Coimbra AT, Ferreira S, Duarte AP. Genus Ruta: A natural source of high value products with biological and pharmacological properties. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 260:113076. [PMID: 32534112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ruta genus is constituted by ten species, of which the most commonly described are R. chalepensis and R. graveolens. Ruta plants are perennial shrubs belonging to the family Rutaceae, which are traditionally used in folk medicine, since ancient times mostly for the treatment of various ailments of the womb. AIM OF THE STUDY To provide a review of the different uses of Ruta species in traditional medicine, as well as, on their multifactorial biological and pharmacological properties. MATERIAL AND METHODS A search of the literature on genus Ruta and Ruta species was performed using various scientific databases and search engines and the information of articles were reviewed and compiled. RESULTS Different parts of the plants belonging to Ruta genus are used in folk medicine to treat a wide range of different diseases. The principal use of these is in gynaecological field, but the treatment of pain, fever, nausea, inflammation, infections, nervous disorders, among others, are also described. These plants have been used to fertility regulation, as anti-fertility agent, to control menstrual flux and bleedings, as abortifacient and as contraceptive. The phytochemical composition of these plants consists mainly in essential oil (EO), but phenolic compounds were also reported, like coumarins and flavonoids, as well as alkaloids. Ruta species products like extracts and EOs have shown broad pharmacological activities, such as antimicrobial and antifungal activities, as well as, antiviral and antiparasitic. Moreover, Ruta plants products present antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-diabetic activities and demonstrated contraceptive and abortifacient effects. These plants were also tested to be used for non-therapeutic approaches, as bio-insecticides in the control of different insect pests showing to be able to reduce infestation. CONCLUSIONS Ruta species could be a potential source of natural products with biological activities. Ruta extracts, essential oils and isolated compounds have shown a diverse potential for use in the treatment of different diseases, as well as, for pests control, contributing to the valorisation of these plants. Nonetheless, this review indicates that more studies are needed to demonstrate the full potential of Ruta species, and to further explore the toxicology and safety of these plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra T Coimbra
- CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Susana Ferreira
- CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Ana Paula Duarte
- CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal.
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Ullah R, Alqahtani AS, Noman OMA, Alqahtani AM, Ibenmoussa S, Bourhia M. A review on ethno-medicinal plants used in traditional medicine in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:2706-2718. [PMID: 32994730 PMCID: PMC7499296 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The traditional medicine based on medicinal plants in the Kingdom of Arabia Saudia presents a strong relationship belonging to natural remedies, health, diet, and folk healing practice recognized by a specific culture. The aim of the current study is to carry out an ethnobotanical review on medicinal plants used in traditional medicine in the Kingdom of Arabia Saudia including information on plant species, used parts, preparation method as well as medical uses. Earlier published data in journals, textbooks, periodicals, websites, and databases written in pharmacological evidence of Suadi medicinal plants were based on gathering information. The present review work reported that 96 species belonging to 47 families have been used in Saudi Pharmacopeia. Amaranthaceae has the highest number of plant species (7) Followed by Asteraceae, Apocynaceae, and Fabaceae with 5 plant species in each. The inventoried plant species in the current work are frequently used for the treatment of various illnesses and to ensure the medication safety of Saudi people. The biological analysis of plant form used in Saudi natural remedies showed the dominance of herb and subshrub form with a percentage of 43% and 30% respectively. The most used preparation method of plant drugs, which used in Saudi Alternative medicine was decoction and infusion. The whole plant, leaves, seeds, and aerial parts were the most useful plant parts in natural preparation in Saudi traditional medicine with a percentage of 29%, 28%, 7%, and 5% respectively as reported in the present review work. The present review work gives big data about medicinal plants used in traditional medicine in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia including data about plant species, used parts, preparation method as well as medical uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riaz Ullah
- Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center (MAPPRC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center (MAPPRC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar M A Noman
- Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center (MAPPRC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz M Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samir Ibenmoussa
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Biochemistry Nutrition, and Environment, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Biochemistry Nutrition, and Environment, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
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Rahman FB, Ahmed S, Noor P, Rahman MMM, Huq SMA, Akib MTE, Shohael AM. A comprehensive multi-directional exploration of phytochemicals and bioactivities of flower extracts from Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf., Cassia fistula L. and Lagerstroemia speciosa L. Biochem Biophys Rep 2020; 24:100805. [PMID: 32984558 PMCID: PMC7495018 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2020.100805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf., Cassia fistula L. and Lagerstroemia speciosa L. are three ornamental plants that produce colorful flowers. The present study aimed to evaluate the phytochemicals and bioactivities of methanolic extracts of flowers from Delonix regia (DrFME), Cassia fistula (CfFME), and Lagerstroemia speciosa (LsFME). The presence of ten different chemical classes in varying degrees was confirmed while qualitatively screened. During quantitative determination, LsFME possesses the highest amount of total phenolic (418.0 mg/g), flavonoid (50.8 mg/g), and tannin (256.3 mg/g) contents. The extracts showed excellent antioxidant capacity in a concentration-dependent manner with the lowest IC50 value (41.51 μg/mL) displayed by LsFME. LsFME paralyzed the experimental worms at 2.95 min and killed at 3.96 min. DrFME was found to be more effective in thrombolytic (35.5% clot lysis) and anticoagulant activities. Negligible hemolytic activity (IC50 > 200 μg/mL) found for all extracts which suggest their less potential toxicity. The in vivo experiments revealed that the CfFME has the highest analgesic (64.34% pain inhibition) activity while LsFME has the highest antidiarrheal (70.27% inhibition) and antihyperglycemic (46.94% inhibition) activities at 400 mg/kg of body weight doses. This study has shown the presence of phytochemicals and potential bioactivities which indicates the possibility of these flowers to be used as a source of phytochemicals as well as safe and effective natural medicine.
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Key Words
- Bioefficacy
- CE, Catechin equivalent
- CfFME, Cassia fistula flower methanolic extract
- DPPH, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
- DrFME, Delonix regia flower methanolic extract
- Flowers
- Folk medicine
- GAE, Gallic acid equivalent
- IC50, Half-maximal inhibitory concentration
- LsFME, Lagerstroemia speciosa flower methanolic extract
- Mice model
- Ornamental plants
- PT, Prothrombin time
- Phytoconstituents
- SEM, Standard error of the mean
- TAE, Tannic acid equivalent
- TFC, Total flavonoid content
- TPC, Total phenolic content
- TTC, Total tannin content
- UV, Ultra-violet
- aPTT, Activated partial thromboplastin time
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Bin Rahman
- Cell Genetics and Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Sium Ahmed
- Cell Genetics and Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Priya Noor
- Cell Genetics and Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Mir Md Mahbubur Rahman
- Cell Genetics and Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - S M Azimul Huq
- Cell Genetics and Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md Taharat Elahi Akib
- Cell Genetics and Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Mohammad Shohael
- Cell Genetics and Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
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Günbatan T, Gürbüz İ, Bedir E, Gençler Özkan AM, Özçınar Ö. Investigations on the anti-ulcerogenic activity of Sideritis caesarea H. Duman, Aytaç & Başer. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 258:112920. [PMID: 32360801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aerial parts of Sideritis caesarea H. Duman, Aytaç & Başer are used for complaints such as stomach-aches, and intestinal spasms as traditional medicine in Kayseri, Turkey. AIM OF STUDY To investigate the anti-ulcerogenic activity by using bioassay guided fractionation technique (BAGF) and to identify the compound(s) that are responsible for anti-ulcerogenic activity through ethanol-induced anti-ulcerogenic activity model in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Liquid-liquid partition and then different chromatographic techniques were utilized for the BAGF of the ethanol (80%) extract of the aerial parts of Sideritis caesarea. Ethanol-induced gastric ulcer method on rats was employed for the determination of the anti-ulcerogenic activity, and the ulcer index was also calculated for anti-ulcerogenic activity detection. RESULTS The ethanol (80%) extract of S. caesarea showed statistically potent anti-ulcerogenic activity (95.9% ulcer inhibition, p < 0.001). Among the liquid-liquid fractions, strongest anti-ulcerogenic activity was observed with the ethyl acetate fraction (91.4% inhibition, p < 0.001) and therefore BAGF studies were proceeded with the ethyl acetate fraction. Two anti-ulcerogenic flavonoids {4'-O-methylhypolaetin-7-O-[6‴-O-acetyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1→2)]-6″-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranoside and isoscutellarein-7-O-[6‴-O-acetyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1→2)]-6″-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranoside} were isolated from this fraction together with a sesquiterpene glycoside [(2E,6E)-2,6,10-trimethyl-2,6,11-dodecatriene-1,10-diol-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside] and two additional flavonoids {4'-O-methylhypolaetin-7-O-[6‴-O-acetyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside and isoscutellarein-7-O-[6‴-O-acetyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside}. CONCLUSIONS Traditional use of S. caesarea in the treatment of stomach-aches was supported by this study and four flavonoids were isolated by using BAGF method and two of them were determined to have significant anti-ulcerogenic activity. Additionally, (2E,6E)-2,6,10-trimethyl-2,6,11-dodecatriene-1,10-diol-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside was obtained from a Sideritis genus for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğba Günbatan
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Etiler, 06330, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - İlhan Gürbüz
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Etiler, 06330, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Erdal Bedir
- Izmir Institute of Technology, Department of Bioengineering, Urla, 35430, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Ayşe Mine Gençler Özkan
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Tandoğan, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Özge Özçınar
- Ege University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Bornova, 35040, Izmir, Turkey.
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Papageorgiou D, Bebeli PJ, Panitsa M, Schunko C. Local knowledge about sustainable harvesting and availability of wild medicinal plant species in Lemnos island, Greece. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2020; 16:36. [PMID: 32560660 PMCID: PMC7304145 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-020-00390-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Europe and the Mediterranean, over-exploitation and destructive harvesting techniques have been identified as two critical threats affecting the sustainable harvesting of wild medicinal plant (WMP) species. However, unsustainable harvesting is not an issue everywhere and localized assessments are needed. Local knowledge has been praised for its potential for local short-term assessments. In this study, we aimed to register the known, harvested, and locally utilized WMP species and understand local knowledge of harvesters about the ecological sustainability of WMP harvesting and the perceived changes of WMP availability. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted on Lemnos island, Greece, in July and August 2018. Sixteen harvesters knowledgeable about gathering and using WMP were chosen through purposeful and snowball sampling. Successive free-lists provided insights on the taxa known, harvested, and utilized by harvesters and subsequent semi-structured interviews served to understand harvesting practices and perceived changes of WMP availability. Participant observation during seven harvesting walks allowed for additional insights and facilitated the collection of voucher specimens. RESULTS In total, 144 different plant taxa were listed as useful and 81 had been harvested in the prior 4 years. Medicinal applications were mainly related to digestive and respiratory system issues. A number of favorable harvesting practices suggested a high potential towards an ecologically sustainable harvest. Although, a decreased availability for certain plant taxa and harvesting sites was reported and mainly attributed to external factors such as pollution, unusually dry weather, intentional pastureland burning or chemicals in agriculture, but also destructive harvesting by less knowledgeable harvesters. CONCLUSIONS Knowledgeable harvesters of Lemnos gather and use a considerable number of WMP taxa and possess local knowledge that supports an ecologically sustainable harvest. However, certain plant taxa and areas of the island were indicated to be under pressure from harvesting, unusual climatic conditions, and agricultural practices. Our approach confirmed that local knowledge should be taken into account for assessing the sustainability of WMP harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Papageorgiou
- Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - Penelope J Bebeli
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Panitsa
- Division of Plant Biology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Christoph Schunko
- Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180, Vienna, Austria.
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Balikci N, Sarimahmut M, Ari F, Aztopal N, Zafer Ozel M, Ulukaya E, Celikler S. Toxicity assessment of Hypericum olympicum subsp. olympicum L. on human lymphocytes and breast cancer cell lines. J Appl Biomed 2020; 18:18-25. [PMID: 34907704 DOI: 10.32725/jab.2020.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a limited number of studies about the constituents of Hypericum olympicum subsp. olympicum and its genotoxic and cytotoxic potency. We examined the possible antigenotoxic/genotoxic properties of methanolic extract of H. olympicum subsp. olympicum (HOE) on human lymphocytes by employing sister chromatid exchange, micronucleus and comet assay and analyzed its chemical composition by GCxGC-TOF/MS. The anti-growth activity against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines was assessed by using the ATP viability assay. Cell death mode was investigated with fluorescence staining and ELISA assays. The major components of the flower and trunk were determined as eicosane, heptacosane, 2-propen-1-ol, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone and α-muurolene. HOE caused significant DNA damage at selected doses (250-750 µg/ml) while chromosomal damage was observed at higher concentrations (500 and 750 µg/ml). HOE demonstrated anti-growth activity in a dose-dependent manner between 3.13-100 µg/ml. Pyknotic nuclei were observed at 100 µg/ml concentration of HOE in both cell lines. In conclusion, HOE demonstrated cytotoxic effects in a cell type-dependent manner, however its genotoxic effects were observed at relatively higher doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Necmiye Balikci
- Uludag University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Biology, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sarimahmut
- Uludag University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Biology, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ferda Ari
- Uludag University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Biology, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Nazlihan Aztopal
- Uludag University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Biology, Bursa, Turkey.,Istinye University, Faculty of Science and Literature, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Zafer Ozel
- University of York, Department of Chemistry, Heslington, York, United Kingdom
| | - Engin Ulukaya
- Uludag University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Biology, Bursa, Turkey.,Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serap Celikler
- Uludag University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Biology, Bursa, Turkey
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Sile I, Romane E, Reinsone S, Maurina B, Tirzite D, Dambrova M. Data on medicinal plants in the records of Latvian folk medicine from the 19th century. Data Brief 2019; 28:105024. [PMID: 31909122 PMCID: PMC6940611 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.105024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The data presented in this article is in support of the research paper "Medicinal plants and their uses recorded in the Archives of Latvian Folklore from the 19th century" [1]. This article provides the list of plant species and disorders treated with medicinal plants mentioned in the records of Latvian folk medicine and used by indigenous people of Latvia in the 19th century. In total, the data include 211 genera belonging to 71 plant families. The accepted scientific names of plant species, plant parts used, dosage forms of herbal medicines, and routes of administration are reported in the table. Plant uses are grouped into one of the 17 categories based on the body systems and psychological and social problems. The frequency of citations is indicated for each use of medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Sile
- Department of Dosage Form Technology, Riga Stradins University, 16 Dzirciema Str., Riga, LV-1007, Latvia.,Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, 21 Aizkraukles Str., LV-1006, Riga, Latvia
| | - Edita Romane
- Department of Dosage Form Technology, Riga Stradins University, 16 Dzirciema Str., Riga, LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Sanita Reinsone
- Institute of Literature, Folklore and Art of the University of Latvia, 3 Mūkusalas Str., Riga, LV-1423, Latvia
| | - Baiba Maurina
- Department of Dosage Form Technology, Riga Stradins University, 16 Dzirciema Str., Riga, LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Dace Tirzite
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, 21 Aizkraukles Str., LV-1006, Riga, Latvia
| | - Maija Dambrova
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, 21 Aizkraukles Str., LV-1006, Riga, Latvia.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Riga Stradins University, 16 Dzirciema Str., Riga, LV-1007, Latvia
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da Silva Policarpo Brito I, Borges AKM, de Faria Lopes S, Dias TLP, Alves RRN. Environmental influence on the choice of medicinal animals: a case study from northeastern Brazil. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2019; 15:55. [PMID: 31771592 PMCID: PMC6880416 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-019-0337-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animals from various taxonomic groups are commonly used in folk medicine, and their selection seems to be directly linked to their availability and accessibility. In the present study, we analyzed the use of animals as a source of folk medicines in a community in northeastern Brazil with access to aquatic and terrestrial animals. We hypothesize that the medicinal fauna is well represented by species of both habitat types. METHODS For the collection of information, semi-structured questionnaires were applied to local residents. RESULTS We recorded the use of 22 animals used as medicinal resources in the community, distributed among eight taxonomic categories, which are used to treat 38 types of diseases. Of the therapeutic animals, 14 species are terrestrial and 8 species can be considered aquatic occurring in marine or estuarine habitats. CONCLUSIONS Our data confirm the tendency of human communities to use affordable medicinal animals in local ecosystems. We also found that medicinal use represents a strategy of optimizing the use of resources and is related to the economic, historical, social, cultural, and ecological contexts in which the community is inserted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iamara da Silva Policarpo Brito
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia), Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, 58051-900, Brazil.
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Av. das Baraúnas, 351/Campus, Universitário, Bodocongó, Campina Grande, PB, 58109-753, Brazil.
| | - Anna Karolina Martins Borges
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia), Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, 58051-900, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Av. das Baraúnas, 351/Campus, Universitário, Bodocongó, Campina Grande, PB, 58109-753, Brazil
| | - Sérgio de Faria Lopes
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Av. das Baraúnas, 351/Campus, Universitário, Bodocongó, Campina Grande, PB, 58109-753, Brazil
| | - Thelma Lúcia Pereira Dias
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia), Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, 58051-900, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Av. das Baraúnas, 351/Campus, Universitário, Bodocongó, Campina Grande, PB, 58109-753, Brazil
| | - Rômulo Romeu Nóbrega Alves
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia), Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, 58051-900, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Av. das Baraúnas, 351/Campus, Universitário, Bodocongó, Campina Grande, PB, 58109-753, Brazil
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Lupariello F, Coppo E, Cavecchia I, Bosco C, Bonaccurso L, Urbino A, Di Vella G. Differential diagnosis between physical maltreatment and cupping practices in a suspected child abuse case. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2019; 16:188-190. [PMID: 31471868 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-019-00155-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Physical maltreatment is one of the most common forms of child abuse. Cutaneous injuries often raise the suspicion of child maltreatment. Nevertheless, among health professionals there is still uncertainty in the evaluation of such injuries. In the literature, there are few indications about the most important factors that allow the differentiation of physical abuse findings from signs/lesions that are caused by "folk medicine practices" with similar presentations. We report the case of two brothers who were brought to the Emergency Department of a pediatric hospital by their father because each of them showed one painful, circular and red-purple bruise on their back. Suspecting child abuse, the emergency physicians reported the case to a multidisciplinary unit (dedicated to child abuse). After a careful physical examination, psychological interviews, as well as the evaluation of their medical history, the operators pointed out that the lesions were the result of cupping practices (a form of folk medicine). This case highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach and demonstrates the importance of a careful evaluation of the cultural background of the family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lupariello
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Sanità Pubblica e Pediatriche - Sezione di Medicina Legale, Università degli Studi di Torino, corso Galileo Galilei 22, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Coppo
- Dipartimento di Pediatria d'Emergenza, Child Abuse Unit, "A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza" di Torino, Corso Bramante 88-89, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cavecchia
- Dipartimento di Pediatria d'Emergenza, Child Abuse Unit, "A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza" di Torino, Corso Bramante 88-89, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Caterina Bosco
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Sanità Pubblica e Pediatriche - Sezione di Medicina Legale, Università degli Studi di Torino, corso Galileo Galilei 22, 10126, Torino, Italy.
| | - Luana Bonaccurso
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Sanità Pubblica e Pediatriche - Sezione di Medicina Legale, Università degli Studi di Torino, corso Galileo Galilei 22, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Antonio Urbino
- Dipartimento di Pediatria d'Emergenza, Child Abuse Unit, "A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza" di Torino, Corso Bramante 88-89, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Di Vella
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Sanità Pubblica e Pediatriche - Sezione di Medicina Legale, Università degli Studi di Torino, corso Galileo Galilei 22, 10126, Torino, Italy
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Kh Akramov D, Zengin G, Kang SC, Sh Tojibaev K, Mahomoodally MF, Azimova SS, Mamadalieva NZ. Comparative study on the chemical composition and biological activities of the essential oils of three Lagochilus species collected from Uzbekistan. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:2734-2738. [PMID: 31441666 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1655417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Lagochilus species are mainly distributed in Central Asia and widely used in folk medicine as a sedative and haemostatic. The present investigation reports on the extraction by hydrodistillation and the chemical composition of three Lagochilus species (L. gypsaceus, L. inebrians and L. setulosus) essential oils from Uzbekistan. The chemical composition of these essential oils was determined by GC-MS. The results showed that the studied essential oils are made up mainly of linalool (11.97%), β-ionone (11.75%), trans-chrysanthenyl acetate (7.15%), α-terpineol (7.40%) for L. gypsaceus; trans-chrysanthenyl acetate (9.40%), eugenol (7.01%), trans-verbenol (3.85%), bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one (3.76%), pinocarvone (3.43%) for L. inebrians; and finally 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenol (19.78%), bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-en-4-ol (5.43%), hexadecanoic acid (5.39%), limonene (5.19%), 2-hexenal (5.03%) for L. setulosus. The best antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activity was observed for the essential oil of L. inebrians. However, L. setulosus essential oil exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect against amylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davlat Kh Akramov
- Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Selcuk University, Science Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sun Chul Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Komiljon Sh Tojibaev
- Institute of Botany, of the Academy Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | | | - Shahnoz S Azimova
- Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Nilufar Z Mamadalieva
- Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
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Corroto F, Gamarra Torres OA, Macía MJ. Different patterns in medicinal plant use along an elevational gradient in northern Peruvian Andes. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 239:111924. [PMID: 31042593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Through the study of mestizo people that share a common culture in a large geographic region and where traditional knowledge (TK) is still poorly documented, we compared medicinal plant use in the northern Andes of Peru. AIMS OF THE STUDY (1) To compare patterns of the distribution of TK for a human group living between two ecoregions: high tropical montane forests vs. low tropical montane forests; (2) to understand the TK at the gender level; and (3) to analyse TK transmission over five generations. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was conducted in two ecoregions, four areas and 12 localities. We gathered information with 600 participants through semi-structured interviews. We worked with 3-7 expert informants per locality using the "walk in the woods" methodology for gathering ethnomedicinal information in the field. We annotated local vernacular names, medicinal indications, and collected the plants in their habitats. Then we interviewed the rest of the participants in their homes. To evaluate significant differences between highlands and lowlands, we use general mixed linear models test and its corresponding post hoc LSD Fisher test of multiple comparisons (p < 0.05) at ecoregion, gender and generation level. RESULTS A total of 416 species belonging to 107 plant families and 13,898 use-reports were found in both ecoregions. Overall, significant differences indicated that people in the highlands had higher TK than people in the lowlands for most of the medicinal categories. Women showed higher knowledge on medicinal plants in all medicinal categories and areas in both ecoregions. However, transmission of TK showed different patterns between ecoregions. In the highlands, the TK increased from the youngest to the senior group (51-60 years), with a slight decreasing for those over 60 years, whereas in the lowlands the findings were less clear and generations with highest TK were divergent across localities. CONCLUSION TK on medicinal plants is still widely applied in the tropical montane forests of northern Peru. The localities with less prosperous socioeconomic development (highlands) were the areas with higher TK on medicinal plants. Women are mainly the depositories of the traditional medicine. The older generations maintain most of the TK in the highlands, whereas in the lowlands the TK is more widespread across generations. Future conservation programs on medicinal plants should understand who are the generations depositaries of the TK before dedicate any effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Corroto
- Instituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Calle Universitaria N° 304, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru; Departamento de Biología, Área de Botánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Darwin 2, ES-28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar A Gamarra Torres
- Instituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Calle Universitaria N° 304, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Manuel J Macía
- Departamento de Biología, Área de Botánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Darwin 2, ES-28049, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Darwin 2, ES-28049, Madrid, Spain.
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Wurchaih, Huar, Menggenqiqig, Khasbagan. Medicinal wild plants used by the Mongol herdsmen in Bairin Area of Inner Mongolia and its comparative study between TMM and TCM. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2019; 15:32. [PMID: 31269968 PMCID: PMC6609360 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-019-0300-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethnobotanical studies on folk medicinal plants used by Mongol herdsmen have been conducted in some areas of Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang, China. However, ethnobotanical findings are preliminary and not comprehensive. Mongolian medicinal botanical knowledge has been gradually decreasing. One of the most important reasons is that Mongolian traditional medicine has become an alternative medicine in pasturing areas of China. Collection and analysis of Mongolian folk medicinal botanical knowledge have become extremely important. METHODS From 2008 to 2014, the authors have been to Bairin Right Banner seven times, and from 2016 to 2018, have been to Bairin Left Banner five times. Fieldwork was carried out in 18 villages, and 136 local Mongol herdsmen were interviewed. The methods of free-listing and open-ended questionnaires were used in field survey. Ethnobotanical interview and voucher specimen collections were organized in two ways: local plant specimens were collected beforehand and then interviews were organized; local Mongol herdsmen were invited to the field and were interviewed while collecting voucher specimens. Mongolian was used as the working language, and findings were recorded in Mongolian. Scientific names of plants were confirmed through collection and identification of voucher specimens. RESULTS Among the collected medicinal wild plants, 40 species are used by local Mongol herdsmen. Twenty-six species of folk medicinal plants have been recorded in the literature in the field of Traditional Mongolian Medicine (TMM), and 38 species have been recorded in the field of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The parts that have medicinal value include roots, whole plant, aerial parts, leaves, fruit, seeds, branches, bulb skin, and stem. For medicinal efficacy, among the collected medicinal plants, 8 species should be fresh. Thirteen species must be dried, and another 16 species can be fresh or dried. After a simple process of sorting and washing, local people soak, pulverize, and mash the medicinal plants. Nineteen species were externally used medicine, and 17 species were internally used medicine (taken orally). Generally, only one or two functions of folk medicine and indications associated with it were provided by local Mongol herdsmen. However, the functions of TMM and TCM and their indications show diversity and have systematic characteristics. More functions of TMM and TCM and their indications have been recorded. In the paper, we also discuss the correspondence between one or two functions of folk medicine with one or two functions of TMM and TCM. CONCLUSION Not many medicinal wild plant species are used by Mongol herdsmen in the Bairin Area. Fourteen species have not been recorded in the literature of TMM, and 2 species have not been recorded in the literature of TCM. Folk knowledge can provide a certain reference value for searching for new medicinal wild plant species. On the whole, fresh plants are commonly used by Mongol herdsmen in the Bairin Area; boiling is the most common preparation method. Most of the crude materials can be used alone. The externally used medicinal parts are more common than those taken orally. A folk medicinal bath may be regarded as a compound drug mixed with two to five species of plant materials. The local Mongol herdsmen fully understand the function of folk medicines and their indications.
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Kumar A, Aswal S, Chauhan A, Semwal RB, Kumar A, Semwal DK. Ethnomedicinal Investigation of Medicinal Plants of Chakrata Region (Uttarakhand) Used in the Traditional Medicine for Diabetes by Jaunsari Tribe. Nat Prod Bioprospect 2019; 9:175-200. [PMID: 30968350 PMCID: PMC6538708 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-019-0202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The Himalayan region is the treasure house of natural wealth, particularly of medicinal and aromatic plants. These plants are used by the Indian traditional healers for the past many centuries to treat various ailments such as skin disorders, asthma, diabetes, snake bite, fever, pain, eye diseases, diarrhoea, indigestion, jaundice, burn, wound, liver disorder, CNS disorders and urinary tract infection. The indigenous traditional knowledge of medicinal plants and therapies of various local communities has been lost due to changes in traditional culture and the introduction of modern technologies. Therefore, it is essential to explore the traditional knowledge of the indigenous medicinal plants mainly in such areas where there is a severe threat to natural vegetation owing to human inhabitation. The present study aimed to explore the medicinal plants of Chakrata region (Jaunsar-Bawar Hills), Uttarakhand, India used in the folk medicine for the management of diabetes by Jaunsari Tribe. In a comprehensive field survey, the information about the medicinal plants have been mainly collected from the traditional healers and other elderly people belong to the tribal community. All the information about the medicinal plants of the study area was documented in a field book. Various tools have been used to collect the samples for identification purpose and the authentication of the plants was done with the help of taxonomists. The literature on these plants was also searched from online (PubMed and Scopus) as well as from some textbooks and Ayurvedic classical texts. The present survey-based work described a total of 54 plants belonging to 47 genera and 30 families used in the traditional medicine for the management of diabetes in Chakrata region. The information gathered from the local community revealed that the plants are effective in diabetes and one can use most of them without consulting a practitioner or traditional healer. The literature revealed that most of the surveyed plants are already used in the preparation of various antidiabetic formulations such as Chandraprabha vati, Nishamalaki chunra, Amritamehari churna and Nisakathakadi kashayam along with various patent drugs which are frequently prescribed by the Ayurvedic practitioners in India. The present study explored the traditional as well as scientific knowledge on the antidiabetic plants used by the tribal community. The documented information on these plants can be further used by the scientific community to develop new drugs/formulations with the help of modern techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Kumar
- Research and Development Centre, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Harrawala, Dehradun, 248001, India
| | - Sonali Aswal
- Research and Development Centre, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Harrawala, Dehradun, 248001, India
| | - Ashutosh Chauhan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Harrawala, Dehradun, 248001, India
| | - Ruchi Badoni Semwal
- Department of Chemistry, Pt. Lalit Mohan Sharma Government Postgraduate College, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, 249201, India
| | - Abhimanyu Kumar
- Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Harrawala, Dehradun, 248001, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Semwal
- Department of Phytochemistry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Harrawala, Dehradun, 248001, India.
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Spałek K, Spielvogel I, Proćków M, Proćków J. Historical ethnopharmacology of the herbalists from Krummhübel in the Sudety Mountains (seventeenth to nineteenth century), Silesia. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2019; 15:24. [PMID: 31122247 PMCID: PMC6533749 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-019-0298-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Krummhübel (after 1945, Karpacz) in the Sudety Mountains (now SW Poland) was called "the village of pharmacists". At the end of the seventeenth century, there were 57 households, of which about 40 were inhabited by herbalists. Krummhübel herbalists were the first in the Sudety region who applied medicinal mixtures for the treatment of various diseases (using, among others, plants, oils, minerals and even viper venom) in contrast to previous herbalists who only indicated the use of individual plant species for specific diseases. Riesengebirge (in Polish Karkonosze) potions were sold in Austria, the Czech Republic, Poland and Russia, and some of them could even be purchased in Scandinavia and England. The purpose of this paper is an ethnopharmacological analysis of historical texts of herbalists from Krummhübel. Based on their recipes, we analysed the use reports of drugs. Recently, research on ethnobotany and ethnopharmacological analyses of historical materials or egodocuments related to formulations used in folk medicine have become an important source of acquiring knowledge about new medicines. METHODS Based on 46 recipes of Krummhübel herbalists re-written by Reitzig (1943), we analysed the use reports of drugs which included plant taxa and other constituents such as animal formulations, fungi, inorganic and organic substances and minerals as well as tinctures (with alcohol/spirit) and elixirs (without alcohol/spirit). For each usage mentioned in the text, we recorded (i) the putative botanical identity of the taxon; (ii) the plant family or origin of other than the plant constituent; (iii) the reported plant part; (iv) the number of the recipe; (v) the name of the recipe; (vi) the vernacular name of ingredient; (vii) the described symptom, ailment or specific use; (viii) our modern (viz. biomedical) interpretation of the described symptom or ailment; (ix) the mode of administration; and (x) the category of use under which we filed the specific use. We also cross-checked the medicinal plants of Krummhübel herbalists with the species described in old manuscripts and regional surveys and compared their use with contemporary plant use. RESULTS The paper introduces the generated database comprising 348 use reports of 46 drugs based on 70 plant taxa and other constituents. Besides, we address patterns such as the frequent recommendation of Fabaceae herbs for respiratory system issue and gynaecology and Asteraceae for respiratory system and cardiovascular problems. Gastrointestinal use reports are based on Asphodelaceae, Burseraceae and Rosaceae species. CONCLUSIONS Remedies that lost importance over time as well as drugs used for diseases now controlled by conventional medicine may be interesting starting points for research on herbal medicine and drug discovery. It seems to be important to attempt to reproduce therapeutic mixtures from the preserved recipes of Krummhübel herbalists, which offers an opportunity to learn more about the real effects of the former medicines and their therapeutic activity. The obtained data can also be used to search for new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Spałek
- Division of Botany, Institute of Biology, University of Opole, Oleska 22, 45-052 Opole, Poland
| | - Izabela Spielvogel
- Department of Physiotherapy, Institute of Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Prószkowska 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Proćków
- Museum of Natural History, University of Wrocław, Sienkiewicza 21, 50-335 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jarosław Proćków
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 5b, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland
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Pal S, Kumar P, Ramakrishna E, Kumar S, Porwal K, Kumar B, Arya KR, Maurya R, Chattopadhyay N. Extract and fraction of Cassia occidentalis L. (a synonym of Senna occidentalis) have osteogenic effect and prevent glucocorticoid-induced osteopenia. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 235:8-18. [PMID: 30703497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cassia occidentalis L., a synonym of Senna occidentalis (belongs to Caesalpiniaceae family) is an annual plant. Pursuing a lead from a folk practice prevalent since the late nineteenth century in Andhra Pradesh, a Southern state of India, of use of Cassia occidentalis leaf and stem for treating patients with fracture and bone diseases, we have not only confirmed its fracture healing activity but also demonstrated efficacy in preventing glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO), the commonest form of medication-induced bone loss caused chiefly due to impairment of bone formation. AIM OF THE STUDY In the present work, the effects of extract and fraction of leaf and stem of Cassia occidentalis was investigated in fracture healing and GIO models of rat. The study also aimed to identify osteogenic compounds from this plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethanolic extracts from leaf and stem of Cassia occidentalis were prepared and their efficacy tested in rat femur osteotomy (fracture healing) model. Subsequently, a butanolic fraction was prepared and osteogenic efficacy compared with the ethanolic extract, and upon finding the former to be more potent, its osteogenic effect was studied in details in GIO model. Chemical finger-printing and isolation of ten pure compounds were done to assess their osteogenic effect in rat primary osteoblast cultures. RESULTS Ethanolic extract of stem was more effective than the leaf extract in enhancing bone regeneration at the site of osteotomy. Further, butanolic fraction of the ethanolic extract of stem was more effective than the later in bone regeneration at the femur osteotomy site and in preventing bone loss in GIO model. The mechanism of skeletal preservation involved stimulation of new bone formation and inhibition of bone resorption. As many as six osteogenic compounds were isolated out of which apigenin-6C-glucopyranoside was most effective in vitro. CONCLUSION Our study found that a standardized extract of an ethanolic extract and its butanolic fraction from the stem of Cassia occidentalis has osteogenic as well as anti-resorptive effects, resulting in the protection against glucocorticoid-induced bone loss. Our results contribute towards validation of the traditional use of Cassia occidentalis in fracture healing and also suggest its beneficial use in GIO for which clinical trials are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashis Pal
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Padam Kumar
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, CSIR-CDRI, India
| | | | - Sudhir Kumar
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, CSIR-CDRI, India
| | - Konica Porwal
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, CSIR-CDRI, India
| | | | - Rakesh Maurya
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, CSIR-CDRI, India
| | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow 226031, India.
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Kujawska M, Svanberg I. From medicinal plant to noxious weed: Bryonia alba L. (Cucurbitaceae) in northern and eastern Europe. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2019; 15:22. [PMID: 31072383 PMCID: PMC6509761 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-019-0303-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION White bryony, Bryonia alba L., is a relatively little known plant in the history of folk medicine and folk botany in eastern and northern Europe. The main aim of this article is to bring together data about Bryonia alba and to summarise its cultural history and folk botanical importance in eastern and northern Europe. Nowadays, this species is considered at best as an ornamental plant, and at worst as a noxious weed. However, ethnographic and historical sources show that it used to be of magical, medicinal and ritual importance in our part of Europe. METHODS A diachronic perspective was chosen in order to outline and analyse the devolution and changes in the use of B. alba, in the course of which we take into account the social, ecological and chemical aspects of the usage of this plant. We have therefore traced down and analysed published sources such as ethnographical descriptions, floras, linguistic records and topographical descriptions from northern and central-eastern Europe, particularly Scandinavia, Baltic States, Germany, Poland, Belarus, Ukraine and the Balkan Peninsula. The analysed material is presented and discussed within the biocultural domains that developed in the interaction between human societies and Bryonia alba. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Bryonia alba has many folk names in northern and central-eastern parts of Europe: some of them refer to its medicinal properties, life form, odour, or toxicity; others to its possession by the devil. As we learn, Bryonia alba was an inexpensive surrogate for mandrake (Mandragora officinarum L.) and sold as such in the discussed parts of Europe. The folklore and medicinal properties ascribed to mandrake were passed on to white bryony due to an apparent resemblance of the roots. In ethnographic descriptions, we find a mixture of booklore, i.e. written traditions, and oral traditions concerning this species. Some of this folklore must have been an alternative stories spread by swindlers who wished to sell fake mandrake roots to people. CONCLUSIONS Plant monographs and reviews of particular species tend to concentrate on the botanicals, which might have great useful potential. White bryony presents a precisely opposite example, being a plant that used to be of medicinal relevance and was furnished with symbolical meaning, and has nowadays preserved only its ornamental value among some urban and rural dwellers of northern Europe. Nonetheless, it might be considered as a part of the biocultural heritage in old, well-preserved gardens. It is still used as a medicine in some parts of the Balkan Peninsula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kujawska
- Institute of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology, University of Łódź, Lindleya 3/5, 90-131 Łódź, Poland
| | - Ingvar Svanberg
- Institute for Russian and Eurasian Studies, Uppsala University, Box 514, 754 22 Uppsala, Sweden
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Almubayedh H, Ahmad R. Ethnopharmacological uses, phytochemistry, biological activities of Debregeasia salicifolia: A review. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 231:179-186. [PMID: 30453051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Debregeasia salicifolia Rendle (DS) is used traditionally for the treatment of several diseases including; urinary system diseases, bone fractures, boils, diarrhea accompanied with blood, carbuncles, pimples, dermatitis, skin rash, eczema, and tumors. Additionally, it is used as an antiseptic and antifungal agent. AIM OF THE STUDY To document up to date information regarding D. salicifolia and link the traditional uses with its reported pharmacological evidences. The review covers taxonomy, distribution, traditional uses, active phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities for DS. MATERIALS AND METHODS The electronic databases such as Google Scholar, E-Resource Portal of Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Scopus, PubMed, Springer Link, etc. as well as textbooks were used to gather all relevant information about DS. RESULTS Ethnomedicinal studies revealed a wide use of DS for various traditional purposes in the south Asian community. The uses for diarrhea, cancer, urinary complaints and skin diseases were supported by pharmacological studies. In-vitro pharmacological studies confirmed its therapeutic activities e.g. antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant. Moreover, analgesic and anti-diarrheal activities were also established in animal's in-vivo activities. Despite enormous literature regarding DS, the main focus of research and interest was antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. Quantitative and qualitative phytochemical analysis proved the presence of various classes of phytochemicals in DS extract; triterpenes, phytosterols, tannins, flavonoids and anthraquinone. CONCLUSION Though most of the traditional uses for the plant were supported by in-vitro and in-vivo pharmacological studies, however lack of clinical trials and shortage of in-depth mechanistic in-vivo studies was noted in the review. Hence, more elaborative in-vivo studies with quality clinical trials may be focused in order to confirm the safety and efficacy of reported activities in humans which will help explore the plant's therapeutic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanine Almubayedh
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rizwan Ahmad
- Natural Products and Alternative Medicines, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
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Aati H, El-Gamal A, Shaheen H, Kayser O. Traditional use of ethnomedicinal native plants in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2019; 15:2. [PMID: 30626417 PMCID: PMC6325684 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-018-0263-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The Arabian Peninsula is recognized as an arid area dominated by deserts and poor biodiversity. However, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (henceforth abbreviated into KSA) has a wide range of flora, consisting of different species of trees, herbs, and shrubs and containing numerous edible and medicinal plants. The KSA is characterized by its vast area of diverse geographical landscapes and climates. Consequently, there is enormous variation in the distribution of plants across the Kingdom. The traditional use of ethnomedical plants in the KSA represents a strong interconnection among familiar remedies, health, diet, and traditional healing practices characterized by specific cultures. The present paper reviews a collection of medicinal plants in KSA used in ethnomedicine. This review might be useful in developing strategies for the sustainable use of medicinal plants which are among the threatened important natural resources in folk medicine in the KSA. The present study reports 309 genera which cover 471 species from a total of 2253 known species belonging to 89 families. The most dominating families are Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Solanaceae, Apiaceae, Brassicaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Poaceae, Amaranthaceae, Boraginaceae, Apocynaceae, Convolvoulaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Capparaceae, Polygonaceae, and Zygophyllaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Aati
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali El-Gamal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura, 35516 Egypt
| | - Hamdy Shaheen
- Department of English, Faculty of Arts, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura, 35516 Egypt
| | - Oliver Kayser
- Technical Biochemistry, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Strasse 66, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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Sadgrove NJ. The new paradigm for androgenetic alopecia and plant-based folk remedies: 5α-reductase inhibition, reversal of secondary microinflammation and improving insulin resistance. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 227:206-236. [PMID: 30195058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Research in the past half a century has gradually sketched the biological mechanism leading to androgenetic alopecia (AGA). Until recently the aetiological paradigm has been too limited to enable intelligent commentary on the use of folk remedies to treat or reduce the expression of this condition. However, our understanding is now at a point where we can describe how some folk remedies work, predict how effective they will be or why they fail. RESULTS The new paradigm of AGA is that inheritance and androgens (dihydrotestosterone) are the primary contributors and a secondary pathology, microinflammation, reinforces the process at more advanced stages of follicular miniaturisation. The main protagonist to microinflammation is believed to be microbial or Demodex over-colonisation of the infundibulum of the pilosebaceous unit, which can be ameliorated by antimicrobial/acaricidal or anti-inflammatory therapies that are used as adjuvants to androgen dependent treatments (either synthetic or natural). Furthermore, studies reveal that suboptimal androgen metabolism occurs in both AGA and insulin resistance (low SHBG or high DHT), suggesting comorbidity. Both can be ameliorated by dietary phytochemicals, such as specific classes of phenols (isoflavones, phenolic methoxy abietanes, hydroxylated anthraquinones) or polycyclic triterpenes (sterols, lupanes), by dual inhibition of key enzymes in AGA (5α-reductase) and insulin resistance (ie., DPP-4 or PTP1B) or agonism of nuclear receptors (PPARγ). Evidence strongly indicates that some plant-based folk remedies can ameliorate both primary and secondary aetiological factors in AGA and improve insulin resistance, or act merely as successful adjuvants to mainstream androgen dependent therapies. CONCLUSION Thus, if AGA is viewed as an outcome of primary and secondary factors, then it is better that a 'multimodal' or 'umbrella' approach, to achieve cessation and/or reversal, is put into practice, using complementation of chemical species (isoflavones, anthraquinones, procyanidins, triterpenes, saponins and hydrogen sulphide prodrugs), thereby targeting multiple 'factors'.
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Morgado S, Morgado M, Plácido AI, Roque F, Duarte AP. Arbutus unedo L.: From traditional medicine to potential uses in modern pharmacotherapy. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 225:90-102. [PMID: 29981432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Arbutus unedo L., the strawberry tree (Ericaceae family) is of increasing interest because of its common traditional, industrial, chemical and pharmaceutical uses. The plant is a typical evergreen plant of the Mediterranean basin, as well as of other regions with hot summers and mild rainy winters. This review covers the studies relevant to Arbutus unedo L. utilization in the current pharmacological therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The available information on traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of Arbutus unedo L. was collected from scientific databases through a search using the keywords 'Arbutus unedo L.' and/or 'strawberry tree' in 'Google Scholar', 'Pubmed', 'Sciencedirect', 'SpringerLink', 'Web of Science - Clarivate Analytics' and 'Wiley'. Unpublished Ph.D. and M.Sc. dissertations were also consulted for chemical composition, biological activities and traditional uses of Arbutus unedo L. and for manual search of additional references. RESULTS The fruits of the plant have been traditionally used as antiseptics, diuretics and laxatives in folk medicine, while the leaves have been used due to their diuretic, urinary antiseptic, antidiarrheal, astringent, depurative and antihypertensive properties. According to the scientific literature survey, different extracts obtained from Arbutus unedo L. have demonstrated a high pharmacological potential due to their in vitro and preclinical antibiotic, antifungal, antiparasitic, antiaggregant, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antitumoral, antioxidant, and spasmolytic properties. CONCLUSION This review suggests that A. unedo is a promising source of phytopharmaceutical products. The potential advantages of Arbutus unedo are related with the presence of polyphenolic compounds in its composition. However, further studies are needed to ascertain some profitable effects in humans. The beneficial effects associated with this shrub suggest that Arbutus unedo can be used for the development of new drugs to treat diseases such diabetes, hypertension, among others. Nonetheless, the safety of the Arbutus unedo compounds should also be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Morgado
- Hospital Centre of Cova da Beira, E.P.E., Quinta do Alvito, 6200-251 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Manuel Morgado
- Hospital Centre of Cova da Beira, E.P.E., Quinta do Alvito, 6200-251 Covilhã, Portugal; University of Beira Interior, Faculty of Health Sciences, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, Avenida Rainha D. Amélia, S/N, 6300-749 Guarda, Portugal; CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Ana I Plácido
- School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, Avenida Rainha D. Amélia, S/N, 6300-749 Guarda, Portugal; Research Unit for the Development of the Interior, Avª Dr. Francisco Sá Carneiro, no. 50, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal.
| | - Fátima Roque
- School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, Avenida Rainha D. Amélia, S/N, 6300-749 Guarda, Portugal; CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Research Unit for the Development of the Interior, Avª Dr. Francisco Sá Carneiro, no. 50, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal.
| | - Ana Paula Duarte
- University of Beira Interior, Faculty of Health Sciences, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
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Krupa J, Sureshkumar J, Silambarasan R, Priyadarshini K, Ayyanar M. Integration of traditional herbal medicines among the indigenous communities in Thiruvarur District of Tamil Nadu, India. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2019; 10:32-7. [PMID: 30120054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethnobotanical studies are recognized as effective methods of finding locally important plants for discovery of crude drugs. Siddha medicinal system is prevailed in south Indian states principally in Tamil Nadu and gaining recognition as alternative medicine among the indigenous communities for their primary healthcare needs. OBJECTIVES The study was aimed to explore and document folk medicinal plant knowledge among the local people in Puliyankudi village of Thiruvarur District, Tamil Nadu, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS An ethnobotanical study was carried out during February 2016 to January 2017 among the local people in study area. Traditional healers, traders, local vendors and local people who are practicing herbal medicines were approached for documentation of folk medicinal uses. Acquired results were further analyzed with descriptive statistical methods such as use value (UV) and informant consensus factor (ICF). RESULTS During the survey, a total 116 plant species from 49 families and 103 genera were recorded to treat 73 types of ailments. Among the plant parts used for preparation of medicine, leaves (73 reports) are often used and predominant method of preparation of medicine is paste (56 reports). Limonia acidissima was reported by all the interviewed informants with an UV of 0.98 and kidney problems have highest ICF value of 0.91. CONCLUSION Plants with highest use values in the study indicates possible occurrence of valuable metabolites and should be investigated for associated pharmacological activities which leads to development of potential new drugs to treat various ailments.
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Quandt SA, Sandberg JC, Graham A, Mora DC, Stub T, Arcury TA. Mexican Sobadores in North Carolina: Manual Therapy in a New Settlement Context. J Immigr Minor Health 2018; 19:1186-1195. [PMID: 27449216 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-016-0466-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Latino immigrants to the New Settlement area of the southeastern United States face structural and cultural obstacles to accessing the conventional health care system, and come from areas with long traditions of medical treatments from healers without professional training or licensure. Little is known about the use of such healers in New Settlement areas. This study focuses on sobadores, healers who use manipulative therapy. Goals were to describe sobadores practicing in North Carolina, including their background, conditions treated, and their understanding of the pathophysiology of their patients' conditions and how their treatments work. The paper also describes who sobadores treat and sobadores' understanding of where their treatment fits into patients' pursuit of relief from symptoms. This focused ethnography draws from in-depth, semi-structured interviews conducted with six sobadores from Mexico practicing in North Carolina. These sobadores appear to meet both structural and cultural needs for healthcare in the immigrant Latino population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Quandt
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
| | - Joanne C Sandberg
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Alan Graham
- Graham Chiropractic PLLC, 1300 Ashley Square, Winston-Salem, NC, 27103, USA
| | - Dana C Mora
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Trine Stub
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.,UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Sykehusveien 23, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Thomas A Arcury
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
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Furtado RA, de Oliveira PF, Senedese JM, Ozelin SD, de Souza LDR, Leandro LF, de Oliveira WL, da Silva JJM, Oliveira LC, Rogez H, Ambrósio SR, Veneziani RCS, Bastos JK, Tavares DC. Assessment of genotoxic activity of oleoresins and leaves extracts of six Copaifera species for prediction of potential human risks. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 221:119-125. [PMID: 29625274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Copaifera species are used in folk medicine for a wide variety of pharmacological properties. This paper reports the cytotoxic and genotoxic analyses of oleoresins and leaves extracts of Copaifera species: C. duckei, C. multijuga, C. paupera, C. pubiflora, C. reticulata and C. trapezifolia. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro assays were performed using Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79 cells). The clonogenic efficiency and cytokinesis-block micronucleus assays were employed for the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessment, respectively. The mouse bone marrow micronucleus test was used for in vivo studies. RESULTS The cytotoxicity results using the clonogenic efficiency assay showed IC50 values ranging from 9.8 to 99.2 µg/mL for oleoresins and 66.4-721.5 for leaves extracts. However, no cytotoxic effect was observed in the in vivo studies. Additionally, the treatments with oleoresins and leaves extracts did not significantly increase the frequency of micronuclei in both in vitro and in vivo mammalian cells. The UPLC-MS/MS and CG/MS analyses of Copaifera oleoresins allowed the identification of 10 acid diterpenes and 11 major volatile sesquiterpenes. Leaves are rich in phenolic compounds including two flavonoid heterosides and 16 galloylquinic acid derivatives. CONCLUSIONS The oleoresins and leaves extracts of studied Copaifera species were not cytotoxic in vivo, as well as not genotoxic in both in vitro and vivo assays, under the experimental conditions used. Therefore, the obtained results should be sufficient to demonstrate the absence of significant genotoxic risk of these Copaifera products for human use in the evaluated concentrations range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Andrade Furtado
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira 201, 14404-600 Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Juliana Marques Senedese
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira 201, 14404-600 Franca, São Paulo, Brazil; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Café s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Saulo Duarte Ozelin
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira 201, 14404-600 Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luís Fernando Leandro
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira 201, 14404-600 Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wendel Luiz de Oliveira
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira 201, 14404-600 Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonas Joaquim Mangabeira da Silva
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Café s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa Costa Oliveira
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira 201, 14404-600 Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hervé Rogez
- School of Food Engineering, Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará, 66095-780, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Ricardo Ambrósio
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira 201, 14404-600 Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jairo Kenupp Bastos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Café s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise Crispim Tavares
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira 201, 14404-600 Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ying XL, Markowitz M, Yan CH. Folk prescription for treating rhinitis as a rare cause of childhood lead poisoning: a case series. BMC Pediatr 2018; 18:219. [PMID: 29980188 PMCID: PMC6035448 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-018-1193-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Folk prescriptions continue to be important sources of childhood lead poisoning. Nasal spray folk prescriptions for treating rhinitis has only been reported once previously as a cause of lead poisoning. Case presentation We identified three pediatric cases of severe lead poisoning caused by nasal spray folk medicines prescribed for treating rhinitis. The three patients had similar clinical manifestations including: severe abdominal pain, headache, pale appearance and fatigue. Liver function tests were abnormal. Blood lead levels (BLLs) of the three patients were 91 μg/dL, 91 μg/dL, and 105 μg/dL, respectively. After chelation BLLs decreased. The lead content of the three folk remedies as measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were 14.8, 22.3, and 33.4%. All the symptoms resolved during a course of chelation therapy. There were no severe side effects of treatment. Conclusions Nasal spray folk prescriptions for treating rhinitis may contain extremely high bio-accessible lead content and are potential sources of lead poisoning. Clinicians should be alert to this possibility especially in those children presenting with multisystem symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lan Ying
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Morri Markowitz
- Division of Environmental Sciences, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10467, USA
| | - Chong-Huai Yan
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Rivera DE, Ocampo YC, Castro JP, Barrios L, Diaz F, Franco LA. A screening of plants used in Colombian traditional medicine revealed the anti-inflammatory potential of Physalis angulata calyces. Saudi J Biol Sci 2018; 26:1758-1766. [PMID: 31762655 PMCID: PMC6864190 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of natural products by communities from the Colombian Caribbean region to treat health issues, together with biodiversity and geographical features, constitute a great scenery to develop new therapies based on ethnopharmacological heritage. Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory potential of 10 commonly used plants in Colombian folk medicine, evaluating their effect on nitric oxide (NO) production by LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The most active plant was evaluated in vivo using 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced mouse ear edema, along with its effect on the production of pro-inflammatory mediators in vitro. The extract of Physalis angulata L. calyces showed the highest activity. This extract was fractionated and its dichloromethane fraction (DF) was the most active in vitro, inhibiting the production of NO, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 (CCL2). In vivo, DF showed a significant inhibition of ear edema and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, with evident reduction of the leukocyte infiltration into tissue. Our results support the ethnopharmacological use of the selected plants in folk medicine. P. angulata dichloromethane fraction represents a promising source of pharmacological compounds with great potential therapeutic use to treat inflammatory illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Rivera
- Biological Evaluation of Promising Substances Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, 130015 Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Yanet C Ocampo
- Biological Evaluation of Promising Substances Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, 130015 Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Jenny P Castro
- Biological Evaluation of Promising Substances Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, 130015 Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Lía Barrios
- Histopathology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cartagena, 130015 Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Fredyc Diaz
- Laboratory for Phytochemical and Pharmacological Research from the University of Cartagena-LIFFUC, University of Cartagena, 130015 Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Luis A Franco
- Biological Evaluation of Promising Substances Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, 130015 Cartagena, Colombia
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Neamsuvan O, Komonhiran P, Boonming K. Medicinal plants used for hypertension treatment by folk healers in Songkhla province, Thailand. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 214:58-70. [PMID: 29229570 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hypertension is the most dominant risk factor for the development of cardiovascular, kidney, and eye diseases. In Thailand, illness and hospitalisation in the modern public health system due to high blood pressure is increasing. However, some Thai people have turned their attention to the use of herbal medicines for healthcare. Therefore, this study aimed (1) to study the folk knowledge of hypertension treatment and (2) to study plant utilisation in the treatment of high blood pressure by Songkhla folk healers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Field surveys and semi-structured interviews about theories of disease, principles of healing, and herbal usage (plant species, parts used, preparation, and application methods) were gathered. The data were analysed by descriptive statistics. The literatures regarding medicinal plants used in any traditional medicine, antihypertension activity, and toxicity was reviewed. RESULTS Most healers believed that hypertension was caused by the disorder of fire and wind elements in the body. The medicinal plants containing hot and mild tastes, which had the potential for treating problems in the wind element, were applied. A total of 62 species were used for hypertension treatment. Most plants were in the Asteraceae, Piperaceae, Rutaceae, or Zingiberaceae family (4 species each). Herbal medicines were preferred to be prepared by boiling (78%) and consumed by drinking 1 teacup before 3 meals each day (26%). Piper retrofractum and Cleome viscosa had the greatest Frequency of Citation (FC = 6, n = 14). Thirty-seven species have been reported for use in traditional medicine. Twenty-four and 46 species have already been investigated for antihypertension activity and toxicity, respectively. CONCLUSION Identifying medicinal plants that have been tested by experienced folk doctors would provide an opportunity for people to choose and consume local herbs that are easy to access in their local area. However, the remaining plants that have not been studied for antihypertension activity and toxicity should be further analysed to confirm their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oratai Neamsuvan
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
| | - Panadda Komonhiran
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Kamonvadee Boonming
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
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Mazzei R, De Marco EV, Gallo O, Tagarelli G. Italian folk plant-based remedies to heal headache (XIX-XX century). J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 210:417-433. [PMID: 28899648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Headache has been recognized since antiquity. From the late nineteenth to the early to mid-twentieth century, Italian folk remedies to treat headache were documented in a vast corpus of literature sources. AIM The purpose of this paper is to bring to light the plant-based treatments utilized by Italian folk medicine to heal headache in an attempt to discuss these remedies from a modern pharmacological point of view. Moreover, we compare the medical applications described by Hippocrates, Pliny the Elder, Dioscorides, Galen and Serenus Sammonicus with those utilized by Italian folk medicine to check if they result from a sort of continuity of use by over two thousand years. RESULTS A detailed search of the scientific data banks such as Medline and Scopus was undertaken to uncover recent results concerning the anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and analgesic activities of the plants. Fifty-eight (78.4%) plant-based remedies have shown in vivo, in vitro or in human trials a large spectrum of anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and analgesic activities. Moreover, thirty-one of remedies (41.9%) were already included in the pharmacopoeia between the 5th century BC and the 2nd century AD. CONCLUSION Italian folk medicine could be a promising source of knowledge and could provide evidences for active principles that have not as of yet been fully used for their potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalucia Mazzei
- Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems in the Mediterranean, National Research Council, Via Cavour 4-6, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Elvira V De Marco
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, National Research Council, C.da Burga, 87050 Mangone (CS), Italy
| | - Olivier Gallo
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, National Research Council, C.da Burga, 87050 Mangone (CS), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tagarelli
- Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems in the Mediterranean, National Research Council, Via Cavour 4-6, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
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