1
|
Kavroumatzi CK, Boutsika A, Ortega P, Zambounis A, Tsitsigiannis DI. Unlocking the Transcriptional Reprogramming Repertoire between Variety-Dependent Responses of Grapevine Berries to Infection by Aspergillus carbonarius. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2043. [PMID: 39124161 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Aspergillus carbonarius causes severe decays on berries in vineyards and is among the main fungal species responsible for grape contamination by ochratoxin A (OTA), which is the foremost mycotoxin produced by this fungus. The main goal of this study was to investigate at the transcriptome level the comparative profiles between two table grape varieties (Victoria and Fraoula, the white and red variety, respectively) after their inoculation with a virulent OTA-producing A. carbonarius strain. The two varieties revealed quite different transcriptomic signatures and the expression profiles of the differential expressed genes (DEGs) highlighted distinct and variety-specific responses during the infection period. The significant enrichment of pathways related to the modulation of transcriptional dynamics towards the activation of defence responses, the triggering of the metabolic shunt for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, mainly phenylpropanoids, and the upregulation of DEGs encoding phytoalexins, transcription factors, and genes involved in plant-pathogen interaction and immune signaling transduction was revealed in an early time point in Fraoula, whereas, in Victoria, any transcriptional reprogramming was observed after a delay. However, both varieties, to some extent, also showed common expression dynamics for specific DEG families, such as those encoding for laccases and stilbene synthases. Jasmonate (JA) may play a critical modulator role in the defence machinery as various JA-biosynthetic DEGs were upregulated. Along with the broader modulation of the transcriptome that was observed in white grape, expression profiles of specific A. carbonarius genes related to pathogenesis, fungal sporulation, and conidiation highlight the higher susceptibility of Victoria. Furthermore, the A. carbonarius transcriptional patterns directly associated with the regulation of the pathogen OTA-biosynthesis gene cluster were more highly induced in Victoria than in Fraoula. The latter was less contaminated by OTA and showed substantially lower sporulation. These findings contribute to uncovering the interplay beyond this plant-microbe interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charikleia K Kavroumatzi
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA (ELGO-DIMITRA), Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Boutsika
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA (ELGO-DIMITRA), Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paula Ortega
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
- Department of Agro-Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08860 Castelldefels, Spain
| | - Antonios Zambounis
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA (ELGO-DIMITRA), Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios I Tsitsigiannis
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen J, Chen Y, Zhu Q, Wan J. Ochratoxin A contamination and related high-yield toxin strains in Guizhou dried red chilies. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
3
|
Šimonovičová A, Vojtková H, Nosalj S, Piecková E, Švehláková H, Kraková L, Drahovská H, Stalmachová B, Kučová K, Pangallo D. Aspergillus niger Environmental Isolates and Their Specific Diversity Through Metabolite Profiling. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:658010. [PMID: 34248871 PMCID: PMC8261049 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.658010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a biological profile of 16 Aspergillus niger environmental isolates from different types of soils and solid substrates across a pH range, from an ultra-acidic (<3.5) to a very strongly alkaline (>9.0) environment. The soils and solid substrates also differ in varying degrees of anthropic pollution, which in most cases is caused by several centuries of mining activity at old mining sites, sludge beds, ore deposits, stream sediments, and coal dust. The values of toxic elements (As, Sb, Zn, Cu, Pb) very often exceed the limit values. The isolates possess different macro- and micromorphological features. All the identifications of Aspergillus niger isolates were confirmed by molecular PCR analysis and their similarity was expressed by RAMP analysis. The biochemical profile of isolates based on FF-MicroPlate tests from the Biolog system showed identical biochemical reactions in 50 tests, while in 46 tests the utilisation reactions differed. The highest similarity of strains isolated from substrates with the same pH, as well as the most suitable biochemical tests for analysis of the phenotypic similarity of isolated strains, were confirmed when evaluating the biochemical profile using multicriterial analysis in the Canoco program. The isolates were screened for mycotoxin production by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), as well. Two of them were able to synthesise ochratoxin A, while none produced fumonisins under experimental conditions. Presence of toxic compounds in contaminated sites may affect environmental microscopic fungi and cause the genome alteration, which may result in changes of their physiology, including the production of different (secondary) metabolites, such as mycotoxins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Šimonovičová
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Hana Vojtková
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Mining and Geology, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Sanja Nosalj
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Elena Piecková
- Department of Microbiology, Slovak Medical University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Hana Švehláková
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Mining and Geology, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Lucia Kraková
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Hana Drahovská
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbara Stalmachová
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Mining and Geology, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Kateřina Kučová
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Mining and Geology, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Domenico Pangallo
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mikušová P, Caboň M, Melichárková A, Urík M, Ritieni A, Slovák M. Genetic Diversity, Ochratoxin A and Fumonisin Profiles of Strains of Aspergillus Section Nigri Isolated from Dried Vine Fruits. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12090592. [PMID: 32937759 PMCID: PMC7551007 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12090592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination in raisin samples purchased from Slovak markets and determined the diversity of black-spored aspergilli as potential OTA and fumonisin (FB1 and FB2) producers. The taxonomic identification was performed using sequences of the nuclear ITS1-5.8s-ITS2 region, the calmodulin and beta-tubulin genes. We obtained 239 isolates from eight fungal genera, of which 197 belonged to Aspergillus (82%) and 42 strains (18%) to other fungal genera. OTA contamination was evidenced in 75% of the samples and its level ranged from 0.8 to 10.6 µg/kg. The combination of all three markers used enabled unambiguous identification of A. carbonarius, A. luchuensis, A. niger, A. tubingensis and A. welwitschiae. The dominant coloniser, simultaneously having the highest within-species diversity isolated from our raisin samples, was A. tubingensis. Out of all analysed strains, only A. carbonarius was found to produce OTA, but in relatively high quantity (2477–4382 µg/kg). The production of FB1 and FB2 was evidenced in A. niger strains only.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Mikušová
- Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 23 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.C.); (A.M.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Miroslav Caboň
- Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 23 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.C.); (A.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Andrea Melichárková
- Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 23 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.C.); (A.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Martin Urík
- Institute of Laboratory Research on Geomaterials, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, SK-842 15 Bratislava 4, Slovakia;
| | - Alberto Ritieni
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Staff of Unesco Chair for Health Education and Sustainable Development, 801 31 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Marek Slovák
- Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 23 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.C.); (A.M.); (M.S.)
- Department of Botany, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Oduro-Mensah D, Ocloo A, Lowor ST, Mingle C, Okine LKNA, Adamafio NA. Bio-detheobromination of cocoa pod husks: reduction of ochratoxin A content without change in nutrient profile. Microb Cell Fact 2018; 17:79. [PMID: 29778093 PMCID: PMC5960160 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-0931-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Utilization of cocoa pod husks (CPH) in animal feed is hindered by the presence of theobromine, which is variably toxic to animals. Treatment of this agro-waste to remove theobromine, while preserving its nutrient content, would allow beneficial use of the millions of metric tonnes discarded annually. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of selected theobromine-degrading filamentous fungi for use as bio-tools in degradation of theobromine in CPH. Results The candidate fungi assessed in this study were an Aspergillus niger (AnTD) and three Talaromyces spp. (TmTD-1, TmTD-2, TvTD) isolates. All the fungi eliminated CPH theobromine, 0.15% w/w starting concentration, within 7 days of start of treatment, and were capable of degrading caffeine and theophylline. The fungi decreased CPH ochratoxin A content by 31–74%. Pectin was not detectable in fungus-treated CPH whereas parameters assessed for proximate composition were not affected. Conclusions The data provide ample evidence that the four isolates can be applied to CPH for the purpose of eliminating theobromine and decreasing ochratoxin A content without affecting nutrient profile. Comparatively, Talaromyces verruculosus TvTD was considered as most suitable for use as a bio-tool in detheobromination of CPH for animal feed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Oduro-Mensah
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana. .,Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University for Development Studies, Navrongo Campus, Navrongo, Ghana.
| | - Augustine Ocloo
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Sammy T Lowor
- Physiology/Biochemistry Division, Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana, New Tafo-Akim, Ghana
| | - Cheetham Mingle
- Food Physicochemical Laboratory, Food and Drugs Authority, Accra, Ghana
| | - Laud K N-A Okine
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Naa Ayikailey Adamafio
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Alternative patulin pathway unproven. Int J Food Microbiol 2018; 269:87-88. [PMID: 29421363 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
7
|
Oduro-Mensah D, Ocloo A, Lowor ST, Bonney EY, Okine LK, Adamafio NA. Isolation and characterisation of theobromine-degrading filamentous fungi. Microbiol Res 2018; 206:16-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
8
|
|