1
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Abdelwahed AH, Heineman BD, Wu GY. Novel Approaches to Inhibition of HBsAg Expression from cccDNA and Chromosomal Integrants: A Review. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2023; 11:1485-1497. [PMID: 38161502 PMCID: PMC10752814 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2023.00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a widely prevalent liver infection that can cause acute or chronic hepatitis. Although current treatment modalities are highly effective in the suppression of viral levels, they cannot eliminate the virus or achieve definitive cure. This is a consequence of the complex nature of HBV-host interactions. Major challenges to achieving sustained viral suppression include the presence of a high viral burden from the HBV DNA and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), the presence of reservoirs for HBV replication and antigen production, and the HBV-impaired innate and adaptive immune response of the host. Those therapeutic methods include cell entry inhibitors, HBsAg inhibitors, gene editing approaches, immune-targeting therapies and direct inhibitors of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). Novel approaches that target these key mechanisms are now being studied in preclinical and clinical phases. In this review article, we provide a comprehensive review on mechanisms by which HBV escapes elimination from current treatments, and highlight new agents to achieve a definitive HBV cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H. Abdelwahed
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Brent D. Heineman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - George Y. Wu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
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2
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Leusmann S, Ménová P, Shanin E, Titz A, Rademacher C. Glycomimetics for the inhibition and modulation of lectins. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:3663-3740. [PMID: 37232696 PMCID: PMC10243309 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00954d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are essential mediators of many processes in health and disease. They regulate self-/non-self- discrimination, are key elements of cellular communication, cancer, infection and inflammation, and determine protein folding, function and life-times. Moreover, they are integral to the cellular envelope for microorganisms and participate in biofilm formation. These diverse functions of carbohydrates are mediated by carbohydrate-binding proteins, lectins, and the more the knowledge about the biology of these proteins is advancing, the more interfering with carbohydrate recognition becomes a viable option for the development of novel therapeutics. In this respect, small molecules mimicking this recognition process become more and more available either as tools for fostering our basic understanding of glycobiology or as therapeutics. In this review, we outline the general design principles of glycomimetic inhibitors (Section 2). This section is then followed by highlighting three approaches to interfere with lectin function, i.e. with carbohydrate-derived glycomimetics (Section 3.1), novel glycomimetic scaffolds (Section 3.2) and allosteric modulators (Section 3.3). We summarize recent advances in design and application of glycomimetics for various classes of lectins of mammalian, viral and bacterial origin. Besides highlighting design principles in general, we showcase defined cases in which glycomimetics have been advanced to clinical trials or marketed. Additionally, emerging applications of glycomimetics for targeted protein degradation and targeted delivery purposes are reviewed in Section 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Leusmann
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Petra Ménová
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Elena Shanin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Biocenter 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Titz
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Biocenter 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
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3
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Zhang J, Hu C, Xie X, Qi L, Li C, Li S. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in HBV-Caused Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11030614. [PMID: 36992198 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11030614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the main risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of liver cancer, with high incidence and mortality worldwide. Surgery, liver transplantation, and ablation therapies have been used to treat early HBV-caused HCC (HBV-HCC); meanwhile, in the advanced stage, chemoradiotherapy and drug-targeted therapy are regularly considered, but with limited efficacy. Recently, immunotherapies, such as tumor vaccine therapy, adoptive cell transfer therapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, have demonstrated promising efficacy in cancer treatment. In particular, immune checkpoint inhibitors can successfully prevent tumors from achieving immune escape and promote an anti-tumor response, thereby boosting the therapeutic effect in HBV-HCC. However, the advantages of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of HBV-HCC remain to be exploited. Here, we describe the basic characteristics and development of HBV-HCC and introduce current treatment strategies for HBV-HCC. Of note, we review the principles of immune checkpoint molecules, such as programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) in HBV-HCC, as well as related inhibitors being considered in the clinic. We also discuss the benefits of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of HBV-HCC and the efficacy of those inhibitors in HCC with various etiologies, aiming to provide insights into the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of HBV-HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Changwei Hu
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xie
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Linzhi Qi
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Chuanzhou Li
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shangze Li
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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4
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Luo F, Yu Y, Li M, Chen Y, Zhang P, Xiao C, Lv G. Polymeric nanomedicines for the treatment of hepatic diseases. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:488. [PMCID: PMC9675156 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01708-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is an important organ in the human body and performs many functions, such as digestion, detoxification, metabolism, immune responses, and vitamin and mineral storage. Therefore, disorders of liver functions triggered by various hepatic diseases, including hepatitis B virus infection, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatic fibrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and transplant rejection, significantly threaten human health worldwide. Polymer-based nanomedicines, which can be easily engineered with ideal physicochemical characteristics and functions, have considerable merits, including contributions to improved therapeutic outcomes and reduced adverse effects of drugs, in the treatment of hepatic diseases compared to traditional therapeutic agents. This review describes liver anatomy and function, and liver targeting strategies, hepatic disease treatment applications and intrahepatic fates of polymeric nanomedicines. The challenges and outlooks of hepatic disease treatment with polymeric nanomedicines are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixiang Luo
- grid.430605.40000 0004 1758 4110Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Yu
- grid.430605.40000 0004 1758 4110Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingqian Li
- grid.430605.40000 0004 1758 4110Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuguo Chen
- grid.430605.40000 0004 1758 4110Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunsheng Xiao
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022 People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoyue Lv
- grid.430605.40000 0004 1758 4110Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 People’s Republic of China
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5
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Hamdi M, Elmowafy E, Abdel-Bar HM, ElKashlan AM, Al-Jamal KT, Awad GAS. Hyaluronic acid-entecavir conjugates-core/lipid-shell nanohybrids for efficient macrophage uptake and hepatotropic prospects. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 217:731-747. [PMID: 35841964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Drug covalently bound to polymers had formed, lately, platforms with great promise in drug delivery. These drug polymer conjugates (DPC) boosted drug loading and controlled medicine release with targeting ability. Herein, the ability of entecavir (E) conjugated to hyaluronic acid (HA) forming the core of vitamin E coated lipid nanohybrids (EE-HA LPH), to target Kupffer cells and hepatocyte had been proved. The drug was associated to HA with efficiency of 93.48 ± 3.14 % and nanohybrids loading of 22.02 ± 2.3 %. DiI labelled lipidic nanohybrids improved the macrophage uptake in J774 cells with a 21 day hepatocytes retention post intramuscular injection. Finally, in vivo biocompatibility and safety with respect to body weight, organs indices and histopathological alterations were demonstrated. Coating with vitamin E and conjugation of E to HA (a CD44 ligand), could give grounds for prospective application for vectored nano-platform in hepatitis B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hamdi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Enas Elmowafy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Hend Mohamed Abdel-Bar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Egypt; Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom.
| | - Akram M ElKashlan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Khuloud T Al-Jamal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Gehanne A S Awad
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt
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6
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Drug Targeting and Nanomedicine: Lessons Learned from Liver Targeting and Opportunities for Drug Innovation. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010217. [PMID: 35057111 PMCID: PMC8777931 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug targeting and nanomedicine are different strategies for improving the delivery of drugs to their target. Several antibodies, immuno-drug conjugates and nanomedicines are already approved and used in clinics, demonstrating the potential of such approaches, including the recent examples of the DNA- and RNA-based vaccines against COVID-19 infections. Nevertheless, targeting remains a major challenge in drug delivery and different aspects of how these objects are processed at organism and cell level still remain unclear, hampering the further development of efficient targeted drugs. In this review, we compare properties and advantages of smaller targeted drug constructs on the one hand, and larger nanomedicines carrying higher drug payload on the other hand. With examples from ongoing research in our Department and experiences from drug delivery to liver fibrosis, we illustrate opportunities in drug targeting and nanomedicine and current challenges that the field needs to address in order to further improve their success.
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7
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Safari JB, Bapolisi AM, Krause RWM. Development of pH-Sensitive Chitosan- g-poly(acrylamide- co-acrylic acid) Hydrogel for Controlled Drug Delivery of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13203571. [PMID: 34685332 PMCID: PMC8541207 DOI: 10.3390/polym13203571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop a pH-sensitive chitosan-based hydrogel for controlled delivery of an anti-hepatitis B drug, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). Free radical polymerization was utilized to graft acrylamide and acrylic acid using N,N-methylene bisacrylamide as the crosslinker. Physicochemical characterization confirmed the synthesis of thermally stable chitosan-g-poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) hydrogels with well-defined pores within a fibrous surface. The prepared hydrogels exhibited pH and ionic strength sensitivity, with the swelling significantly lower under acidic and strong ionic strength conditions but higher in neutral and basic solutions. In addition, cytotoxicity studies on HeLa cell lines proved the cytocompatibility of the drug delivery material and its readiness for physiological applications. The encapsulation of TDF in the hydrogels was optimized and an encapsulation efficiency and a drug loading percentage of 96% and 10% were achieved, respectively. More interestingly, in vitro release studies demonstrated a pH-dependent release of TDF from hydrogels. The release at pH 7.4 was found to be up to five times higher than at pH 1.2 within 96 h. This further suggested that the newly developed hydrogel-loaded TDF could be proposed as a smart delivery system for oral delivery of anti-hepatitis B drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin B. Safari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Makhana 6140, South Africa;
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Public Health, Official University of Bukavu, Bukavu 570, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Correspondence: (J.B.S.); (R.W.M.K.)
| | - Alain M. Bapolisi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Makhana 6140, South Africa;
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Public Health, Official University of Bukavu, Bukavu 570, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Rui W. M. Krause
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Makhana 6140, South Africa;
- Center for Chemico- and Biomedicinal Research (CCBR), Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Makhana 6140, South Africa
- Correspondence: (J.B.S.); (R.W.M.K.)
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8
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Ercan A, Çelebier M, Oncul S, Varan G, Kocak E, Benito JM, Bilensoy E. Polycationic cyclodextrin nanoparticles induce apoptosis and affect antitumoral activity in HepG2 cell line: An evaluation at the molecular level. Int J Pharm 2021; 598:120379. [PMID: 33592288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly metastatic primary liver cancer generating molecular alterations that end up escaping the apoptotic machinery and conferring multidrug resistance. Targeted medicines with increased and selective cytotoxicity and minimal drug resistance are essential for the treatment of HCC. In this study, a self-assembled polycationic (PC) amphiphilic β-cyclodextrin (βCDC6) nanoparticle formulation was characterized and its efficacy over HCC cell line HepG2 was evaluated in terms of cytotoxicity, apoptotic potential, chemosensitivity and mitochondrial balance utilizing biochemical, gene expression and proteomic approaches without encapsulating an anti-neoplastic agent. Blank PC βCDC6 exerted an anti-proliferative effect on 3D multicellular HepG2 spheroid tumors. These nanoparticles were able to trigger apoptosis proved by caspase 3/7 activity, gene expression and flow cytometry studies. The subjection of PC restored the chemosensitivity of HepG2 cells by suppressing the function of p-glycoprotein. The proteomic studies with Q-TOF LC/MS revealed 73 proteins that are aberrantly encoded after cells were treated with the blank PC. Metabolomic analysis further confirmed the shift in certain biological pathways. Thus, we confirmed that the hepatocellular carcinoma-targeting βCDC6 PC nanoparticles induce apoptosis, lower the rate of cell proliferation, hinder multidrug resistance and they are convenient carriers for eventual therapeutic administrations in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Ercan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara Turkey
| | - Mustafa Çelebier
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara Turkey
| | - Selin Oncul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara Turkey
| | - Gamze Varan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara Turkey
| | - Engin Kocak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara Turkey
| | - Juan M Benito
- Institute for Chemical Research, CSIC-University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Erem Bilensoy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara Turkey.
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9
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Di Gioacchino M, Petrarca C, Gatta A, Scarano G, Farinelli A, Della Valle L, Lumaca A, Del Biondo P, Paganelli R, Di Giampaolo L. Nanoparticle-based immunotherapy: state of the art and future perspectives. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2020; 16:513-525. [PMID: 32343153 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2020.1762572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For several years now, medicine has been benefiting from the contribution of nanoparticles (NPs) technology for both diagnosis and therapy. They can be used as adjuvants, being capable per se of immune-modulating activity, or as carriers for molecules to be transported to a specific target, eventually loaded with specific ligands favoring specific uptake. AREAS COVERED The review focuses on experimental use of NPs as adjuvants/carriers for allergen immunotherapy (AIT). Human clinical trials conducted so far are discussed. EXPERT OPINION Results of experimental studies and recent clinical trials support the use of NPs as carrier/adjuvant in AIT. Comparisons between NP-based and classical AIT are needed, to show the usefulness of the NP-based approach. However, there are still unsolved problems: the persistence of non-degradable NPs with possible toxicological consequences, and the formation of the protein corona around the NPs, which could alter their activity and fate. Virus-like particles seem the most promising NPs for allergy treatment, as for other vaccines. Over the next decade, NP-based AIT will be largely used to treat allergic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Di Gioacchino
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti, Pescara, Italy.,Leonardo Da Vinci, University , Chieti, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, Specialization School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, G. d'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara , Italy
| | - Claudia Petrarca
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti, Pescara, Italy
| | - Alessia Gatta
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti, Pescara, Italy
| | - Gilda Scarano
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti, Pescara, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, Specialization School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, G. d'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara , Italy
| | - Anila Farinelli
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti, Pescara, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, Specialization School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, G. d'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara , Italy
| | - Loredana Della Valle
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti, Pescara, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, Specialization School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, G. d'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara , Italy
| | - Arianna Lumaca
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti, Pescara, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, Specialization School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, G. d'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara , Italy
| | - Pietro Del Biondo
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti, Pescara, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, Specialization School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, G. d'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara , Italy
| | - Roberto Paganelli
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti, Pescara, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, Specialization School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, G. d'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara , Italy
| | - Luca Di Giampaolo
- Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University , Chieti, Pescara, Italy
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10
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Reshitko GS, Yamansarov EY, Evteev SA, Lopatukhina EV, Shkil' DO, Saltykova IV, Lopukhov AV, Kovalev SV, Lobov AN, Kislyakov IV, Burenina OY, Klyachko NL, Garanina AS, Dontsova OA, Ivanenkov YA, Erofeev AS, Gorelkin PV, Beloglazkina EK, Majouga AG. Synthesis and Evaluation of New Trivalent Ligands for Hepatocyte Targeting via the Asialoglycoprotein Receptor. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:1313-1319. [PMID: 32379426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Since the asialoglycoprotein receptor (also known as the "Ashwell-Morell receptor" or ASGPR) was discovered as the first cellular mammalian lectin, numerous drug delivery systems have been developed and several gene delivery systems associated with multivalent ligands for liver disease targeting are undergoing clinical trials. The success of these systems has facilitated the further study of new ligands with comparable or higher affinity and less synthetic complexity. Herein, we designed two novel trivalent ligands based on the esterification of tris(hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (TRIS) followed by the azide-alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition with azido N-acetyl-d-galactosamine. The presented triazolyl glycoconjugates exhibited good binding to ASGPR, which was predicted using in silico molecular docking and assessed by a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique. Moreover, we demonstrated the low level of in vitro cytotoxicity, as well as the optimal spatial geometry and the required amphiphilic balance, for new, easily accessible ligands. The conjugate of a new ligand with Cy5 dye exhibited selective penetration into HepG2 cells in contrast to the ASGPR-negative PC3 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina S Reshitko
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Emil Yu Yamansarov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.,National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, 119049, Russian Federation
| | - Sergei A Evteev
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Elena V Lopatukhina
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry O Shkil'
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Irina V Saltykova
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Anton V Lopukhov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey V Kovalev
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander N Lobov
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, 450054, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan V Kislyakov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Olga Yu Burenina
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 143026, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia L Klyachko
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.,Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 143026, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasiia S Garanina
- National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, 119049, Russian Federation
| | - Olga A Dontsova
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.,Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 143026, Russian Federation
| | - Yan A Ivanenkov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Dolgoprudny City, Moscow Region 141700, Russian Federation.,Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Russian Academy of Science (IBG RAS) of the Ufa Federal Research Centre, Ufa, 450054, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander S Erofeev
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.,National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, 119049, Russian Federation
| | - Peter V Gorelkin
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.,National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, 119049, Russian Federation
| | - Elena K Beloglazkina
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander G Majouga
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.,National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, 119049, Russian Federation.,Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, 125047, Russian Federation
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11
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Hamdi M, Abdel-Bar HM, Elmowafy E, Al-Jamal KT, Awad GAS. An integrated vitamin E-coated polymer hybrid nanoplatform: A lucrative option for an enhanced in vitro macrophage retention for an anti-hepatitis B therapeutic prospect. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227231. [PMID: 31923260 PMCID: PMC6953793 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A platform capable of specifically delivering an antiviral drug to the liver infected with hepatitis B is a major concern in hepatology. Vaccination has had a major effect on decreasing the emerging numbers of new cases of infection. However, the total elimination of the hepatitis B virus from the body requires prolonged therapy. In this work, we aimed to target the liver macrophages with lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPH), combining the merit of polymeric nanoparticles and lipid vesicles. The hydrophilic antiviral drug, entecavir (E), loaded LPH nanoparticles were optimized and physicochemically characterized. A modulated lipidic corona, as well as, an additional coat with vitamin E were used to extend the drug release enhance the macrophage uptake. The selected vitamin E coated LPH nanoparticles enriched with lecithin-glyceryl monostearate lipid shell exhibited high entrapment for E (80.47%), a size ≤ 200 nm for liver passive targeting, extended release over one week, proven serum stability, retained stability after refrigeration storage for 6 months. Upon macrophage uptake in vitro assessment, the presented formulation displayed promising traits, enhancing the cellular retention in J774 macrophages cells. In vivo and antiviral activity futuristic studies would help in the potential application of the ELPH in hepatitis B control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hamdi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Hend Mohamed Abdel-Bar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Enas Elmowafy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Khuloud T. Al-Jamal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, England, United Kingdom
| | - Gehanne A. S. Awad
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Sadat City, Egypt
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12
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Huang X, Lee F, Teng Y, Lingam CB, Chen Z, Sun M, Song Z, Balachander GM, Leo HL, Guo Q, Shah I, Yu H. Sequential drug delivery for liver diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 149-150:72-84. [PMID: 31734169 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The liver performs critical physiological functions such as metabolism/detoxification and blood homeostasis/biliary excretion. A high degree of blood access means that a drug's resident time in any cell is relatively short. This short drug exposure to cells requires local sequential delivery of multiple drugs for optimal efficacy, potency, and safety. The high metabolism and excretion of drugs also impose both technical challenges and opportunities to sequential drug delivery. This review provides an overview of the sequential events in liver regeneration and the related liver diseases. Using selected examples of liver cancer, hepatitis B viral infection, fatty liver diseases, and drug-induced liver injury, we highlight efforts made for the sequential delivery of small and macromolecular drugs through different biomaterials, cells, and microdevice-based delivery platforms that allow fast delivery kinetics and rapid drug switching. As this is a nascent area of development, we extrapolate and compare the results with other sequential drug delivery studies to suggest possible application in liver diseases, wherever appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhong Huang
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, MD9-04-11, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore 117593, Singapore; Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, A*STAR, The Nanos, #06-01, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Fan Lee
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, A*STAR, The Nanos, #06-01, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Yao Teng
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, MD9-04-11, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore 117593, Singapore; Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, A*STAR, The Nanos, #06-01, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Corey Bryen Lingam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Engineering Drive 3, Engineering Block 4, #04-08, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Zijian Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Engineering Drive 3, Engineering Block 4, #04-08, Singapore 117583, Singapore; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Min Sun
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, MD9-04-11, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore 117593, Singapore
| | - Ziwei Song
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, MD9-04-11, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore 117593, Singapore; Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, A*STAR, The Nanos, #06-01, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Gowri M Balachander
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, MD9-04-11, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore 117593, Singapore
| | - Hwa Liang Leo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Engineering Drive 3, Engineering Block 4, #04-08, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Qiongyu Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Imran Shah
- National Center for Computational Toxicology, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 4930 Old Page Rd., Durham, NC 27703, USA
| | - Hanry Yu
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, MD9-04-11, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore 117593, Singapore; Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, A*STAR, The Nanos, #06-01, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore; Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, T-Lab, #05-01, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411, Singapore; CAMP, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, Level 4 Enterprise Wing, Singapore 138602, Singapore; Gastroenterology Department, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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