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Khodadad N, Hashempour A, Akbarinia S. In silico analysis of human herpes virus-8 genome: a comparison of the K1, VR1, and VR2 regions for genotyping and global geographical distribution. Sci Rep 2025; 15:326. [PMID: 39747627 PMCID: PMC11696107 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-84376-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 12/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/04/2025] Open
Abstract
Investigations of the K1 gene revealed six main genotypes clustered according to geography. Here, the global distribution and HHV8 genotyping using the K1 gene and two hypervariable regions (VR1 and VR2) were evaluated. We searched GenBank for 6,889 HHV8-K1 genes via various keywords, selecting sequences longer than 730 bp. Afterwards, the VR1 and VR2 regions were derived from the K1 genes, and genotyping of the K1, VR1, and VR2 sequences was performed by applying phylogenetic tree and BioAfrica methods. The K1 genotyping result was most similar to that of VR1, followed by VR2. The most common genotypes and subtypes in the three regions studied were A (A2) and C (C3), which are found in Africa, America, and Asia. Although the A and C genotypes are more predominant, the other genotypes, B, D, E, and F, are more ancient and are commonly found in America, Asia, and Oceania. K1 is commonly used for HHV8 genotyping, but VR1 can be a reliable alternative when long-term PCR amplification is not possible. The genotyping and subtyping results of both methods were very similar (92%), and it can be inferred that both procedures can be applied for HHV-8 genotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Khodadad
- HIV/AIDS Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ava Hashempour
- HIV/AIDS Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Shokufeh Akbarinia
- HIV/AIDS Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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2
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Wei M, Jiang X, Bian Y, Fan J. Involvement of Sex Hormones and Their Receptors in the Pathogenesis of Classic Kaposi's Sarcoma in Xinjiang. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e70086. [PMID: 39349354 PMCID: PMC11442020 DOI: 10.1111/srt.70086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the expression of androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor (ER) in patients with classic Kaposi's sarcoma (CKS) in Xinjiang, as well as to assess the serum levels of sex hormones in these patients. The objective is to explore potential new directions and targets for diagnosing and treating CKS in Xinjiang. METHODS The case group comprised 35 patients diagnosed with CKS who presented at our hospital from 2014 to 2021. The control group consisted of 35 patients with pyogenic granuloma (PG) who visited the hospital during the same period, selected using propensity score matching (PSM). Immunohistochemistry was used to detect AR, human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8), and ER in paraffin-embedded tissue samples from patients diagnosed with CKS and PG. Additionally, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to quantitatively measure serum sex hormone levels in the 35 patients with CKS and 35 patients with PG. RESULTS AR expression was relatively weak in both the CKS and PG groups, with the PG group exhibiting a slightly stronger expression than the CKS group. Conversely, the expression of ER was significantly higher in the CKS group compared to the PG group (p < 0.05). Additionally, serum testosterone (T) levels were elevated in the CKS group, while serum estradiol (E2) levels were higher in the PG group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Sex hormones and their receptors are implicated in the pathogenesis of CKS in Xinjiang. The use of ER antagonists may represent a novel avenue for research and treatment of CKS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wei
- Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrical Engineeringthe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of DermatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Yi Bian
- Department of DermatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Jun‐Wei Fan
- Department of DermatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
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3
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Sendrasoa FA, Falimiarintsoa VM, Ramarozatovo LS, Rapelanoro Rabenja F. Mucocutaneous Manifestations Among HIV-Infected Patients in Madagascar: Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR DERMATOLOGY 2023; 6:e47199. [PMID: 37581910 PMCID: PMC10466159 DOI: 10.2196/47199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 90% of HIV-infected patients present with at least one mucocutaneous manifestation during the course of their disease. Insufficient data are available regarding dermatologic findings among HIV-infected patients in Madagascar. OBJECTIVE This study aimed at evaluating the spectrum of mucocutaneous manifestations and their relationship with CD4 cell counts in HIV-infected patients in Madagascar. METHODS A cross-sectional study on HIV-positive patients attending the Department of Infectious Diseases in the University Hospital of Antananarivo in Madagascar was conducted from January 2013 to March 2020. HIV-positive patients older than 18 years and receiving antiretroviral therapy as well as those awaiting antiretroviral therapy commencement were included. RESULTS Among 328 patients enrolled in this study, 167 (51%) presented with at least one type of mucocutaneous lesion. Oral candidiasis was the most common presentation, followed by seborrheic dermatitis and Kaposi sarcoma. Decreases in CD4 cell counts were substantially correlated with oral candidiasis, syphilis, and condyloma acuminatum. CONCLUSIONS According to our findings, oral candidiasis, syphilis, and condyloma acuminatum may serve as clinical indicators for predicting the immune status of patients. As HIV infection progressed and immune function declined, an increase in cutaneous manifestations was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lala Soavina Ramarozatovo
- Département de Dermatologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
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Sufiawati I, Harmiyati R, Nur’aeny N, Indrati AR, Lesmana R, Wisaksana R, Amalia R. Detection of Human Herpesviruses in Sera and Saliva of Asymptomatic HIV-Infected Individuals Using Multiplex RT-PCR DNA Microarray. Pathogens 2023; 12:993. [PMID: 37623953 PMCID: PMC10457847 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12080993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Human herpesviruses (HHVs) are frequently linked to an increased risk of acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and vice versa. This study aimed to detect human herpesvirus (HHV) members in the sera and saliva of asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals. Paired saliva and serum samples were obtained from 30 asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals. HHVs were detected with a multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) DNA microarray Clart®Entherpex kit. A total of 30 subjects were enrolled: 23 (76.67%) men and 7 (23.33%) women. The present study showed that at least one or more HHV members were detected in the saliva and sera of all (100%) of the subjects. In the saliva, we detected herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) 6.67%, herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) 6.67%, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) 86.67%, cytomegalovirus (CMV) 63.33%, HHV-6 (40%), and HHV-7 (83.33%). In the sera, HSV-2 (20%), EBV (30%), CMV (40%), HHV-6 (0%), and HHV-7 (76.67%) were found, but not HSV-1. VZV and HHV-8 were not detected in either the saliva or sera. EBV and HHV6 were significantly more prevalent in the saliva than they were in the sera of asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals (p < 0.05). However, no significant differences were found in the prevalence of HSV-1, EBV, CMV, HHV-6, and HHV-7 in the saliva and sera of asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the multiplex RT-PCR DNA microarray can serve as a valuable diagnostic tool that can be used as a screening tool or a first-line test for HHVs infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irna Sufiawati
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia;
| | - Rahmi Harmiyati
- Oral Medicine Residency Program, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia;
| | - Nanan Nur’aeny
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia;
| | - Agnes Rengga Indrati
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia;
| | - Ronny Lesmana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia;
| | - Rudi Wisaksana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Padjadjaran, Dr. Hasan Sadikin Central General Hospital, Bandung 45363, Indonesia;
| | - Riezki Amalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia;
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MA F, FA C, AJ N, AA S, IA PF, LJ C, PA G. Contribution of carbohydrate-related metabolism in Herpesvirus infections. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2023; 4:100192. [PMID: 37273578 PMCID: PMC10238445 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2023.100192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human herpesviruses are enveloped viruses with double-stranded linear DNA genomes highly prevalent in the human population. These viruses are subdivided into three subfamilies, namely alphaherpesvirinae (herpes simplex virus type 1, HSV-1; herpes simplex virus type 2, HSV-2; and varicella-zoster virus, VZV), betaherpesvirinae (human cytomegalovirus, HCMV; human herpesvirus 6, HHV-6; and human herpesvirus 7, HHV-7) and gammaherpesvirinae (Epstein-Barr virus, EBV; and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, KSHV). Besides encoding numerous molecular determinants to evade the host antiviral responses, these viruses also modulate cellular metabolic processes to promote their replication. Here, we review and discuss existing studies describing an interplay between carbohydrate metabolism and the replication cycle of herpesviruses, altogether highlighting potentially new molecular targets based on these interactions that could be used to block herpesvirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farías MA
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
| | - Cancino FA
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
| | - Navarro AJ
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
| | - Soto AA
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
| | - Pastén-Ferrada IA
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
| | - Carreño LJ
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - González PA
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
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Openshaw MR, Gervasi E, Fulgenzi CAM, Pinato DJ, Dalla Pria A, Bower M. Taxonomic reclassification of Kaposi Sarcoma identifies disease entities with distinct immunopathogenesis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:283. [PMID: 37106396 PMCID: PMC10142155 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04130-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The taxonomy of Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) is based on a classification system focused on the description of clinicopathological features of KS in geographically and clinically diverse populations. The classification includes classic, endemic, epidemic/HIV associated and iatrogenic KS, and KS in men who have sex with men (MSM). We assessed the medical relevance of the current classification of KS and sought clinically useful improvements in KS taxonomy. METHODS We reviewed the demographic and clinicopathological features of 676 patients with KS, who were referred to the national centre for HIV oncology at Chelsea Westminster hospital between 2000 and 2021. RESULTS Demographic differences between the different subtypes of KS exist as tautological findings of the current classification system. However, no definitive differences in clinicopathological, virological or immunological parameters at presentation could be demonstrated between the classic, endemic or MSM KS patients. Reclassifying patients as either immunosuppressed or non-immunosuppressed, showed that the immunosuppressed group had a significantly higher proportion of adverse disease features at presentation including visceral disease and extensive oral involvement, classified together as advanced disease (chi2 P = 0.0012*) and disseminated skin involvement (chi2 P < 0.0001*). Immunosuppressed patients had lower CD4 counts, higher CD8 counts and a trend towards higher HHV8 levels compared to non-immunosuppressed patients, however overall survival and disease specific (KS) survival was similar across groups. CONCLUSION The current system of KS classification does not reflect meaningful differences in clinicopathological presentation or disease pathogenesis. Reclassification of patients based on the presence or absence of immunosuppression is a more clinically meaningful system that may influence therapeutic approaches to KS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Openshaw
- Institute of Cancer and Genomics Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
- UK National Centre for HIV Oncology, Chelsea Westminster Hospital, London, UK.
| | - E Gervasi
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - C A M Fulgenzi
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - D J Pinato
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Division of Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - A Dalla Pria
- UK National Centre for HIV Oncology, Chelsea Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Bower
- UK National Centre for HIV Oncology, Chelsea Westminster Hospital, London, UK
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Costanzo M, De Giglio MAR, Roviello GN. Deciphering the Relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097803. [PMID: 37175509 PMCID: PMC10178366 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Some viruses are known to be associated with the onset of specific cancers. These microorganisms, oncogenic viruses or oncoviruses, can convert normal cells into cancer cells by modulating the central metabolic pathways or hampering genomic integrity mechanisms, consequently inhibiting the apoptotic machinery and/or enhancing cell proliferation. Seven oncogenic viruses are known to promote tumorigenesis in humans: human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV, HCV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human T-cell leukemia virus 1 (HTLV-1), Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). Recent research indicates that SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 progression may predispose recovered patients to cancer onset and accelerate cancer development. This hypothesis is based on the growing evidence regarding the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to modulate oncogenic pathways, promoting chronic low-grade inflammation and causing tissue damage. Herein, we summarize the main relationships known to date between virus infection and cancer, providing a summary of the proposed biochemical mechanisms behind the cellular transformation. Mechanistically, DNA viruses (such as HPV, HBV, EBV, and MCPyV) encode their virus oncogenes. In contrast, RNA viruses (like HCV, HTLV-1) may encode oncogenes or trigger host oncogenes through cis-/-trans activation leading to different types of cancer. As for SARS-CoV-2, its role as an oncogenic virus seems to occur through the inhibition of oncosuppressors or controlling the metabolic and autophagy pathways in the infected cells. However, these effects could be significant in particular scenarios like those linked to severe COVID-19 or long COVID. On the other hand, looking at the SARS-CoV-2─cancer relationship from an opposite perspective, oncolytic effects and anti-tumor immune response were triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection in some cases. In summary, our work aims to recall comprehensive attention from the scientific community to elucidate the effects of SARS-CoV-2 and, more in general, β-coronavirus infection on cancer susceptibility for cancer prevention or supporting therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Costanzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore s.c.ar.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Nicola Roviello
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Italian National Council for Research (IBB-CNR), Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Grundy BS, Parikh H, Jacob S, Banura P, Moore CC, Liu J, Houpt ER. Pathogen Detection Using Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing of Plasma Samples from Patients with Sepsis in Uganda. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0431222. [PMID: 36625651 PMCID: PMC9927450 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04312-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Metagenomic sequencing is a promising new method for pathogen detection. We aimed to detect pathogens from archived plasma using metagenomic sequencing in a previously well-characterized cohort of 254 predominantly HIV-infected patients with sepsis in Uganda. We used Illumina sequencing and the Chan Zuckerberg ID metagenomics platform to sequence and identify pathogens. On average, each plasma sample yielded 3,404,737 ± 2,201,997 reads (mean ± standard deviation), of which 220,032 ± 416,691 (6.3% ± 8.6%) were identified as nonhuman reads. Using a background model filter, 414 genus-specific pathogen identifications were found in the 254 samples. Nineteen pathogens were previously detected positive by quantitative PCR (qPCR), compared to sequencing, which demonstrated 30.2% sensitivity and 99.5% specificity. Sensitivity was higher for viral pathogens than nonviral pathogens (37% versus 5%). For example, HIV viremia was detected in 69% of samples using qPCR, and sequencing revealed 70% sensitivity and 92% specificity. There were 75 genus-specific potential pathogens identified by sequencing in this cohort, including hepatitis B and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), among several others. qPCR showed a prevalence of hepatitis B and EBV viremia of 17% and 45%, respectively. In-hospital mortality was associated with a lower qPCR threshold cycle value for EBV (adjusted odds ratio, 0.85; P < .001) but not for hepatitis B or HIV. In conclusion, a broad range of potential pathogens were identified by metagenomic sequencing in patients with sepsis in Uganda. Unexpectedly high rates of hepatitis B and EBV viremia were found. Whether these viral infections in HIV patients with sepsis are clinically important requires further study. IMPORTANCE The use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in blood samples is an emerging technology for clinical microbiology labs. In this work, we performed NGS on plasma samples from a well-characterized cohort, where all samples had been previously tested by PCR for 43 pathogens. Therefore, we could compare sequencing performance against that of PCR and identify clinical correlates. A broad range of potential pathogens were identified by metagenomic sequencing in patients with sepsis in Uganda, particularly viruses, which we confirmed by PCR. In addition to HIV viremia, unexpectedly high rates of hepatitis B and EBV viremia were found, which may have important clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S. Grundy
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Hardik Parikh
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Shevin Jacob
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Banura
- Ministry of Health, National Disease Control Department, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Chris C. Moore
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Eric R. Houpt
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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Li Y, Xu H, Tan X, Cui Q, Gu W, Pan Z, Yang L, Wu S, Wang X, Li D. Parthenolide inhibits proliferation of cells infected with Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus by suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Arch Virol 2023; 168:39. [PMID: 36609933 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05626-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The disease caused by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is one of the major causes of death of individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Development of anti-KSHV drugs is thus crucial. In this study, we investigated the effect of parthenolide (PTL) on the proliferation and NF-κB signaling pathway of KSHV-infected cells. iSLK.219 and KSHV-infected SH-SY5Y cells (SK-RG) were treated with PTL, TaqMan real-time quantitative PCR was used to determine the number of copies of the KSHV genome, and mRNA and protein expression of KSHV genes were analyzed by real-time PCR and immunocytochemistry. A cell viability test was used to measure cell proliferation, and flow cytometry was used to examine the effect of the drug on the cell cycle. Cyclin D1, CDK6, CDK4, and NF-κB-related proteins, including IKKβ, P-p65, and P-IKB-α, were detected by Western blot. The results showed that PTL altered the morphology of the cells, reduced the KSHV copy number, and suppressed the production of ORF50, K8.1, and v-GPCR mRNA and the LANA, ORF50, and K8.1 proteins. It blocked the G1 phase in iSLK.219 cells and decreased the levels of cyclin D1, CDK6, and CDK4 as well as the levels of NF-κB signaling proteins, including IKKβ, P-p65, and P-IKB-α. Together, these results suggest that PTL is a candidate drug that can decrease KSHV pathogenicity by suppressing cell proliferation and inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway in KSHV-infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China
- School of Medicine, Tarim University, Alaer, 843300, Xinjiang, China
| | - Huiling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaohua Tan
- School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wenyi Gu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), University of Queensland (UQ), Corner College and Cooper Roads (Building 75), St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Zemin Pan
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lei Yang
- School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuyuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China.
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Painschab MS, Mponda M, Tomoka T, Kampani C, Chimzimu F, Fedoriw Y, Gopal S. Case report: Multicentric Castleman disease as a manifestation of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in Malawi. Front Oncol 2022; 12:969135. [PMID: 36578926 PMCID: PMC9791082 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.969135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) is a lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by systemic inflammation, lymphadenopathy, and cytopenias. MCD caused by Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (MCD-KSHV) frequently arises in the context of HIV. It can be associated with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), but MCD-IRIS is rarely reported in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where HIV and KSHV infection are common. Case description A 36-year-old woman in Malawi with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for nine years presented with fatigue, weight loss, and lymphadenopathy. Lymph node biopsy was consistent with HIV lymphadenitis without evident KSHV-MCD and HIV RNA was 4,244 copies/mL. She switched to second-line ART and returned four months later with worsening lymphadenopathy, fever, night sweats, weight loss, and anemia. A repeat lymph node biopsy demonstrated unequivocal KSHV-MCD features not present on the original biopsy. Her repeat HIV viral load was undetectable and she received chemotherapy with subsequent remission on continued ART for 24 months. Discussion This is among the first reported cases of MCD-IRIS from SSA, which has implications for a region where HIV and KSHV are highly prevalent. MCD-IRIS may contribute to early mortality after ART initiation in SSA, and increased awareness alongside improved diagnostic and treatment capacity are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S. Painschab
- University of North Carolina (UNC) Project Malawi, Lilongwe, Malawi,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States,*Correspondence: Matthew S. Painschab,
| | - Marriam Mponda
- University of North Carolina (UNC) Project Malawi, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Tamiwe Tomoka
- University of North Carolina (UNC) Project Malawi, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Coxcilly Kampani
- University of North Carolina (UNC) Project Malawi, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Fred Chimzimu
- University of North Carolina (UNC) Project Malawi, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Yuri Fedoriw
- University of North Carolina (UNC) Project Malawi, Lilongwe, Malawi,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Satish Gopal
- Center for Global Health, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
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Fang Y, Li W, Zhang Y, Zhou C, Wu H, Zhang Y, Dai T, Wang J, Wang L, Chen T, Zhu Y, Wang L. Seroprevalence of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and risk factors in Jiuquan area, China. J Med Virol 2022; 94:6016-6022. [PMID: 35922376 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The seroprevalence of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is high in Xinjiang, China. But the seroprevalence of KSHV and risk factors are still unknown in Gansu which is adjacent to Xinjiang. Six hundred and seventy-eight serum samples of the general population and 87 serum samples of syphilis patients from Jiuquan, Gansu were tested for antibodies against KSHV, including one latent protein (ORF73) and two lytic proteins (ORF65 and K8.1) using the ELISA. The total KSHV-seropositive rate was 15.9% in 678 serum samples in the Jiuquan area, and the KSHV-seropositive rate of males was higher than females (18.0% vs. 14.6%, p > 0.05). The Uygur, Kazakh, Hui, Manchu, and Mongolian populations had a higher seroprevalence of KSHV than the Han population (43.8%, 40.0%, 34.5%, 30.3%, 35.0% vs. 11.0%, respectively) among the ethnic groups in Jiuquan. Compared to the Han, Uygur, Kazak, Hui, Manchu, and Mongolian people had an increase in the risk of KSHV of 528.9%, 439.1%, 325.6%, 251.6%, and 335.4% (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.003, respectively). The serum prevalence of KSHV in subjects aged < 20 years, 20-50 years, and >50 years was 13.8%, 14.7%, and 20.1%, respectively. Compared to the subjects aged < 20 years, 20-50 years and >50 years had an increase in the risk of KSHV of 7.4% and 56.9% (p = 0.829 and p = 0.204, respectively). Compared to the positive rate of KSHV in the general population of Anhui, the positive rate of KSHV was significantly higher in the general population of the Jiuquan area (15.9% vs. 9%, p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of KSHV between the Han population of Jiuquan and the Han population of Anhui (p > 0.05). In the population of syphilis patients in the Jiuquan area, the positive rate of KSHV was 30.7%, which was higher than that of the general population in the Gansu area (p < 0.05). This study indicates that Gansu has a high seroprevalence of KSHV. Ethnicity and syphilis are risk factors for KSHV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fang
- Blood Transfusion Department, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wenli Li
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Chang Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huanwu Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yiting Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Tao Dai
- Second Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jinzhi Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third People's Hospital of Hefei, Third Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Tongqing Chen
- Blood Transfusion Department, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yulin Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Linding Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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12
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Biatougou NMB, Ouedraogo MS, Soubeiga ST, Zohoncon TM, Ouedraogo P, Obiri-Yeboah D, Tapsoba ASA, Kiendrebeogo TI, Sagna T, Niamba P, Traore A, Simpore J. Molecular Epidemiology of Human Herpes Virus Type 8 Among Patients with Compromised Immune System in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. HIV AIDS (Auckl) 2022; 14:311-317. [PMID: 35836752 PMCID: PMC9275423 DOI: 10.2147/hiv.s353166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) is the main etiological agent of Kaposi's sarcoma. This virus is frequently associated with immunocompromision. This study aimed to detect HHV-8 in people with compromised immune system. Patients and Methods This is a cross-sectional study that included 180 subjects: 179 HIV-infected patients and 1 patient with bullous pemphigoid. Blood samples were taken from all subjects, and swabs of lesions were then taken from individuals with symptoms of Kaposi's sarcoma. Viral load and CD4+ T lymphocytes count were performed for persons living with HIV and real-time PCR detection of HHV-8 DNA was performed in all subjects in the study. Results Among HIV-infected persons, 13.41% had a viral load of more than 10,000 copies/mL, and 22.91% had a CD4+ T lymphocytes count of fewer than 350 cells/µL. A total of four (three HIV-1 infected patients and one patient with bullous pemphigoid) patients (2.22%) had apparent lesions of Kaposi's sarcoma. In the plasmas and swabs from associated lesions, HHV-8 DNA was found in only two individuals, with an HHV-8 prevalence of 1.11% (2/180) with 0.55% (1/179) in an HIV-infected patient on antiretroviral therapy. Conclusion These results exposing low prevalence levels of HHV-8 in HIV-infected patients could be due to the beneficial effect of antiretroviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nakougou Moϊ-bohm Biatougou
- Biochemistry and Microbiology Department, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Muriel S Ouedraogo
- Department of Dermatology, Yalgado Ouedraogo Hospital University Centre, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Serge Theophile Soubeiga
- Department of Biomedical Research, Biomolecular Research Centre Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Department of Biomedical and Public Health, Research Institute of Health Sciences (IRSS), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Theodora Mahoukede Zohoncon
- Biochemistry and Microbiology Department, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Department of Medicine, Saint Thomas d’Aquin University (USTA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Paul Ouedraogo
- Department of Medicine, Saint Thomas d’Aquin University (USTA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Aziz Sidi Aristide Tapsoba
- Biochemistry and Microbiology Department, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Touwendpoulimdé Isabelle Kiendrebeogo
- Biochemistry and Microbiology Department, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Department of Biomedical Research, Biomolecular Research Centre Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Tani Sagna
- Department of Biomedical and Public Health, Research Institute of Health Sciences (IRSS), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Pascal Niamba
- Department of Dermatology, Yalgado Ouedraogo Hospital University Centre, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Adama Traore
- Department of Dermatology, Yalgado Ouedraogo Hospital University Centre, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Jacques Simpore
- Biochemistry and Microbiology Department, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Department of Biomedical Research, Biomolecular Research Centre Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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13
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Akanbi MO, Bilaver LA, Achenbach C, Hirschhorn LR, Rivera AS, Silas OA, Agaba PA, Agbaji O, Shehu NY, Sagay SA, Hou L, Murphy RL. Analyses of Kaposi Sarcoma trends among adults establishing initial outpatient HIV care in Nigeria: 2006-2017. Infect Agent Cancer 2022; 17:10. [PMID: 35313941 PMCID: PMC8935748 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-022-00424-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-associated Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) in the pre-antiretroviral therapy (ART) population remains high in several countries in sub-Saharan Africa. We examined trends of KS prevalence in adults, establishing initial outpatient HIV care from 2006 to 2017 in Nigeria. Methods We analyzed data of 16,431 adults (age ≥ 18 years) enrolled for HIV care from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2017, in a large clinic in Jos, Nigeria. KS at enrollment was defined as KS recorded in the electronic health record within 30 days of clinic enrollment. Time trends were compared among four periods: 2006–2008, 2009–2011, 2012–2014, and 2015–2017 using logistic regression models. Annual trends were analyzed using join point regression and restricted splines. Results The study population had a mean age 35.1 (standard deviation, SD 9.5) years, and were 65.7% female (n = 10,788). The mean CD4 cell count was 220 (95% CI 117–223). The overall KS prevalence at entry was 0.59% (95% CI 0.48–0.72). Compared to 2006–2008, KS prevalence was significantly higher in 2009–2011 (adjusted odds ratio 5.07 (95% CI 3.12–8.24), p < 0.001), but remained unchanged in subsequent periods. Male sex and low CD4 T-cell count independently increased odds for KS. Conclusions Despite ART expansion, KS at enrollment showed no significant decline. The low CD4 cell count, across all periods, indicates delay in enrollment for HIV care, which increases KS risk. Interventions aimed at early HIV diagnosis and linkage to ART is critical to KS risk reduction in this population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13027-022-00424-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell O Akanbi
- Department of Internal Medicine, McLaren Hospital, 401 S Ballenger Hwy, Flint, MI, 48532, USA. .,Health Sciences Integrated Ph.D. Program, Center for Education in Health Sciences, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA. .,Robert J Havey Institute for Global Health, Center for Global Communicable Diseases, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA. .,Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria.
| | - Lucy A Bilaver
- Health Sciences Integrated Ph.D. Program, Center for Education in Health Sciences, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA
| | - Chad Achenbach
- Robert J Havey Institute for Global Health, Center for Global Communicable Diseases, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Lisa R Hirschhorn
- Robert J Havey Institute for Global Health, Center for Global Communicable Diseases, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA.,Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Adovich S Rivera
- Health Sciences Integrated Ph.D. Program, Center for Education in Health Sciences, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA
| | - Olugbenga A Silas
- Department of Pathology, College of Human Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Patricia A Agaba
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Oche Agbaji
- Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Nathan Y Shehu
- Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Solomon A Sagay
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Human Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Lifang Hou
- Health Sciences Integrated Ph.D. Program, Center for Education in Health Sciences, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA.,Department of Prevention Diseases (Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA.,Institute for Global Health, Center for Global Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA
| | - Robert L Murphy
- Robert J Havey Institute for Global Health, Center for Global Communicable Diseases, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
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14
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Huegli S, Jaques DA, De Seigneux S, Haidar F. Anasarca, and Lymphadenopathy in a Kidney Transplant Patient: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge. Transpl Int 2022; 35:10148. [PMID: 35368636 PMCID: PMC8967949 DOI: 10.3389/ti.2022.10148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Huegli
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Sophie Huegli,
| | - David A. Jaques
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophie De Seigneux
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fadi Haidar
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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15
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Li YS, Ren HC, Cao JH. Correlation of SARS‑CoV‑2 to cancer: Carcinogenic or anticancer? (Review). Int J Oncol 2022; 60:42. [PMID: 35234272 PMCID: PMC8923649 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is highly infectious and pathogenic. Among patients with severe SARS-CoV-2-caused by corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), those complicated with malignant tumor are vulnerable to COVID-19 due to compromised immune function caused by tumor depletion, malnutrition and anti-tumor treatment. Cancer is closely related to the risk of severe illness and mortality in patients with COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 could promote tumor progression and stimulate metabolism switching in tumor cells to initiate tumor metabolic modes with higher productivity efficiency, such as glycolysis, for facilitating the massive replication of SARS-CoV-2. However, it has been shown that infection with SARS-CoV-2 leads to a delay in tumor progression of patients with natural killer cell (NK cell) lymphoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma, while SARS-CoV-2 elicited anti-tumor immune response may exert a potential oncolytic role in lymphoma patients. The present review briefly summarized potential carcinogenicity and oncolytic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 as well as strategies to protect patients with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Shuang Li
- Intravenous Drug Administration Center, Department of Pharmacy, The Third People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266041, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Cheng Ren
- Intravenous Drug Administration Center, Department of Pharmacy, The Third People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266041, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hua Cao
- Intravenous Drug Administration Center, Department of Pharmacy, The Third People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266041, P.R. China
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16
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Indave Ruiz BI, Armon S, Watanabe R, Uttley L, White VA, Lazar AJ, Cree IA. Clonality, Mutation and Kaposi Sarcoma: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1201. [PMID: 35267506 PMCID: PMC8909603 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains uncertain whether Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a true neoplasm, in that it regresses after removal of the stimulus to growth (as HHV8) when immunosuppression is reduced. We aimed to summarize the available evidence on somatic mutations and clonality within KS to assess whether KS is a neoplasm or not. METHODS Medline and Web of Science were searched until September 2020 for articles on clonality or mutation in KS. Search strings were supervised by expert librarians, and two researchers independently performed study selection and data extraction. An adapted version of the QUADAS2 tool was used for methodological quality appraisal. RESULTS Of 3077 identified records, 20 publications reported on relevant outcomes and were eligible for qualitative synthesis. Five studies reported on clonality, 10 studies reported on various mutations, and 5 studies reported on chromosomal aberrations in KS. All studies were descriptive and were judged to have a high risk of bias. There was considerable heterogeneity of results with respect to clonality, mutation and cytogenetic abnormalities as well as in terms of types of lesions and patient characteristics. CONCLUSIONS While KS certainly produces tumours, the knowledge is currently insufficient to determine whether KS is a clonal neoplasm (sarcoma), or simply an aggressive reactive virus-driven lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Iciar Indave Ruiz
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, 69372 Lyon, France; (S.A.); (R.W.); (V.A.W.); (I.A.C.)
| | - Subasri Armon
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, 69372 Lyon, France; (S.A.); (R.W.); (V.A.W.); (I.A.C.)
| | - Reiko Watanabe
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, 69372 Lyon, France; (S.A.); (R.W.); (V.A.W.); (I.A.C.)
| | - Lesley Uttley
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DA, UK;
| | - Valerie A. White
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, 69372 Lyon, France; (S.A.); (R.W.); (V.A.W.); (I.A.C.)
| | - Alexander J. Lazar
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Ian A. Cree
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, 69372 Lyon, France; (S.A.); (R.W.); (V.A.W.); (I.A.C.)
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17
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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Infection among Han and Uygur Populations in Xinjiang, China. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2021; 2021:2555865. [PMID: 35003405 PMCID: PMC8741394 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2555865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the causative agent of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), which is endangering human health worldwide, especially in Africa, Europe, the United States, and parts of Asia. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of KSHV in Xinjiang. Three KSHV recombinant proteins (ORF65, ORF73, and K8.1) were used to detect KSHV infection. The serum samples to be tested were detected by an indirect ELISA method. The overall infection rate of KSHV in Xinjiang was 25.60%, with a higher infection rate in the Uygur population of 29.79%. After adjusting for possible confounders, Uygur (OR = 3.95, 95% CI 2.64–6.12, P < 0.001), agriculture and livestock (OR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.20–2.17, P = 0.002), age ≤ 50 years (OR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.13–2.00, P = 0.006), and predominantly meat-based diet (OR = 1.72, 95% CI 1.11–2.78, P = 0.018) were significantly associated with the odds of KSHV seropositivity correlation. Three unique sequences of KSHV were obtained in this study; genotypic analysis showed that the three unique sequences were all subtype A2.
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Malonga GA, Jary A, Leducq V, Moudiongui Mboungou Malanda D, Boumba ALM, Chicaud E, Malet I, Calvez V, Peko JF, Marcelin AG. Seroprevalence and molecular diversity of Human Herpesvirus 8 among people living with HIV in Brazzaville, Congo. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17442. [PMID: 34465868 PMCID: PMC8408137 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97070-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) is endemic in Africa, although studies of this infection are rare in Congo. We evaluated seroprevalence and HHV-8 diversity among people living with HIV. We included 353 patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. Antibodies against HHV-8 latency-associated nuclear antigen were detected by indirect immunofluorescence. In HHV-8 positive patients, we performed HHV-8 quantification in blood and saliva by real-time PCR and typing by Sanger sequencing of K1 open reading frame. HHV-8 seroprevalence was 19%, being male (odd ratio [OR] = 1.741, [95% Confidence interval {CI}, 0.97-3.07]; p = 0.0581) and having multiple sex partners before HIV diagnosis (OR = 1.682, [CI 95%, 0.97-2.92]; p = 0.0629) tended to be associated with HHV-8 seropositivity. Of the 64 HHV-8 seropositive patients, HHV-8 DNA was detected in 10 (16%) in saliva, 6 (9%) in whole-blood and in 2 (3%) in both whole-blood and saliva. Three out of 6 HHV-8 strains were subtypes A5, 2 subtype B1 and 1 subtype C. HHV-8 seroprevalence was relatively low with more frequent carriage in men, associated with asymptomatic oral excretion and a predominance of subtype A5. These data tend to support the hypothesis of horizontal transmission in people living with HIV in Brazzaville.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gervillien Arnold Malonga
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Laboratoire de Virologie, Department of Virology - CERVI, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France.
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.
| | - Aude Jary
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Laboratoire de Virologie, Department of Virology - CERVI, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Valentin Leducq
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Laboratoire de Virologie, Department of Virology - CERVI, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Dimitry Moudiongui Mboungou Malanda
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
- Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
| | - Anicet Luc Magloire Boumba
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
- Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Hôpital Général de Loandjili, Pointe-Noire, Republic of Congo
| | - Elodie Chicaud
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Laboratoire de Virologie, Department of Virology - CERVI, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Malet
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Laboratoire de Virologie, Department of Virology - CERVI, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Calvez
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Laboratoire de Virologie, Department of Virology - CERVI, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Jean Felix Peko
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
- Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
| | - Anne-Geneviève Marcelin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Laboratoire de Virologie, Department of Virology - CERVI, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France
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19
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Ulas ST, Dasdelen S. [Multicentric Castleman's disease combined with polyserositis and POEMS syndrome: case report and review article]. Internist (Berl) 2021; 62:777-785. [PMID: 34137908 DOI: 10.1007/s00108-021-01063-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Castleman disease (CD) is a very rare disorder characterised by hyperplasia of the lymphoid tissue. The aetiology varies considerably and includes autoimmunological, infectious, autoinflammatory and paraneoplastic diseases (e.g. MGUS with POEMS syndrome). What they all have in common is usually a dysregulation/overproduction of certain cytokines and growth factors (including interleukin 6 and VEGF). The sum of these changes sometimes causes very heterogeneous symptoms and thus often makes early diagnosis difficult. The prognosis of unrecognised and untreated disease is very serious and has an average 5‑year survival rate of 55-77%. The present paper describes the case of a 79-year-old patient with refractory polyserositis who was correctly diagnosed after > 8 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevtap Tugce Ulas
- Klinik für Radiologie, Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Süha Dasdelen
- Klinik für Nephrologie, Vivantes Humboldt-Klinikum, Am Nordgraben 2, 13509, Berlin, Deutschland. .,Private Universitätsklinik Witten/Herdecke, Witten/Herdecke, Deutschland.
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20
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Poppe LK, Kankasa C, Wood C, West JT. Relationships Between Maternal Antibody Responses and Early Childhood Infection With Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus. J Infect Dis 2021; 222:1723-1730. [PMID: 32459337 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
While mother-to-child transmission is believed to play in important role in early childhood infection with Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), the maternal immune response remains largely uncharacterized. This study aimed to characterize the longitudinal humoral response to KSHV in a cohort of HIV-infected Zambian mothers without KS and identify potential factors that may influence transmission. In total, 86/124 (69.4%) mothers were found to be KSHV seropositive. Longitudinal KSHV titers were fairly stable over time, although seroreversion was still common. Of the total 124 mothers, 81 had at least 1 child KSHV seroconvert during the 2 years analyzed, while the remaining 43 mothers had KSHV-seronegative children. Mothers of KSHV-negative children had higher geometric mean titers than mothers of KSHV-positive children; however, there was no difference in the presence of neutralizing antibodies. This suggests that a strong anti-KSHV immune response, and potentially nonneutralizing antibodies, may reduce transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa K Poppe
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Chipepo Kankasa
- Pediatric Center of Excellence, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Charles Wood
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - John T West
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
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21
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O'Rourke S, O'Flaherty N, Coyne D, Lynam A, Clarke S, O'Dea S, Fitzpatrick S, Connell J, Crowley B. Seroprevalence of human herpesvirus 8 in Ireland among blood donors, men who have sex with men, and heterosexual genitourinary medicine and infectious diseases clinic attendees. J Med Virol 2021; 93:5058-5064. [PMID: 33475183 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) seroprevalence varies geographically and between subpopulations. High seroprevalence rates have been ascribed to men who have sex with men (MSM), African migrants, and HIV-infected individuals. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of HHV-8 in an Irish population, including specific risk groups. A cross-sectional study of 200 blood donors and 200 genitourinary medicine (GUM) and infectious diseases (ID) clinic patients was performed, with testing for Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to HHV-8 lytic antigens using a commercial indirect fluorescence assay (Scimedx Corp.). Verification was performed at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). All 200 blood donor samples were negative for HHV-8 IgG antibodies. 21% of GUM and ID patients were positive for HHV-8 IgG antibodies. One hundred of these patients were MSM, 35% of whom were HHV-8 seropositive (46% of HIV-positive MSM and 24% of HIV-negative MSM). Of 100 heterosexual patients, only 7% were HHV-8 seropositive. The absence of seropositivity in 200 Irish blood donors may suggest that Ireland has a low overall population HHV-8 seroprevalence. The proportion of HHV-8 seropositivity in the MSM population was significantly higher than in the heterosexual population and most marked in HIV-positive MSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadhbh O'Rourke
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niamh O'Flaherty
- Irish Blood Transfusion Service, National Blood Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dermot Coyne
- Irish Blood Transfusion Service, National Blood Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Almida Lynam
- Department of Genitourinary Medicine and Infectious Diseases, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Susan Clarke
- Department of Genitourinary Medicine and Infectious Diseases, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Siobhán O'Dea
- Gay Men's Health Service, Meath Primary Care Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sarah Fitzpatrick
- National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jeff Connell
- National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brendan Crowley
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Clinical Virology, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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22
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Epidemiology and Genetic Variability of HHV-8/KSHV among Rural Populations and Kaposi's Sarcoma Patients in Gabon, Central Africa. Review of the Geographical Distribution of HHV-8 K1 Genotypes in Africa. Viruses 2021; 13:v13020175. [PMID: 33503816 PMCID: PMC7911267 DOI: 10.3390/v13020175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is the etiological agent of all forms of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). K1 gene studies have identified five major molecular genotypes with geographical clustering. This study described the epidemiology of HHV-8 and its molecular diversity in Gabon among Bantu and Pygmy adult rural populations and KS patients. Plasma antibodies against latency-associated nuclear antigens (LANA) were searched by indirect immunofluorescence. Buffy coat DNA samples were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to obtain a K1 gene fragment. We studied 1020 persons; 91% were Bantus and 9% Pygmies. HHV-8 seroprevalence was 48.3% and 36.5% at the 1:40 and 1:160 dilution thresholds, respectively, although the seroprevalence of HHV-8 is probably higher in Gabon. These seroprevalences did not differ by sex, age, ethnicity or province. The detection rate of HHV-8 K1 sequence was 2.6% by PCR. Most of the 31 HHV-8 strains belonged to the B genotype (24), while the remaining clustered within the A5 subgroup (6) and one belonged to the F genotype. Additionally, we reviewed the K1 molecular diversity of published HHV-8 strains in Africa. This study demonstrated a high seroprevalence of HHV-8 in rural adult populations in Gabon and the presence of genetically diverse strains with B, A and also F genotypes.
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Lutze S, Riebe H, Jünger M, Arnold A. The course of Kaposi's sarcoma, a marker disease for the initial diagnosis of AIDS, under ongoing cART. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2020; 76:263-277. [PMID: 32925007 DOI: 10.3233/ch-209203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
While Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) was common in the 1980s and early 1990s in HIV-positive patients and one of the most common AIDS-defining diseases, its prevalence today has decreased significantly due to the early and widespread use of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (cART) therapy. The rapid initiation of cART or, if occurring during ongoing cART, an optimization of antiretroviral therapy leads to a healing of this tumour disease in most patients. The aim of the therapy is immune reconstitution, as the immunodeficiency resulting from the HIV disease (reduced CD4+-T helper cells) promotes the development and spread of KS. This case report describes the course of KS in the first diagnosis of AIDS in a 36-year-old patient. The HIV copy count was below the detection limit and the CD3+/CD4+ T-helper cell count was only slightly below the normal value in the six-month follow-up after initial diagnosis and initiation of cART therapy. However, the clinical findings in the one-year follow-up showed only a partial response, whereby it was noted that new tumour lesions also developed focally in addition to individual progressive lesions. This was demonstrated clinically, dermatoscopically and by laser Doppler fluxmetry measurements of the lesions. Such a progression was observed in about one-third of the patients affected in various studies and is called Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome. Other therapies in addition to cART are necessary here to suppress this immunological phenomenon (including cytostatic drugs). Promising studies are currently underway, including utilising checkpoint inhibitors. These are of great therapeutic interest due to the high immunological activity of KS itself and usually of systemic inflammatory response syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Lutze
- Klinik- und Poliklinik für Haut-und Geschlechtskrankheiten, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Helene Riebe
- Klinik- und Poliklinik für Haut-und Geschlechtskrankheiten, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michael Jünger
- Klinik- und Poliklinik für Haut-und Geschlechtskrankheiten, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Andreas Arnold
- Klinik- und Poliklinik für Haut-und Geschlechtskrankheiten, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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24
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Hulaniuk ML, Mojsiejczuk L, Jauk F, Remondegui C, Mammana L, Bouzas MB, Zapiola I, Ferro MV, Ajalla C, Blejer J, Alter A, Acevedo ME, Rodríguez E, Fernández R, Bartoli S, Volonteri V, Kohan D, Elsner B, Bürgesser MV, Reynaud AL, Sánchez M, González C, García Rivello H, Corach D, Caputo M, Trinks J. Genetic diversity and phylogeographic analysis of human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) in two distant regions of Argentina: Association with the genetic ancestry of the population. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2020; 85:104523. [PMID: 32890766 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetic diversity of persistent infectious agents, such as HHV-8, correlates closely with the migration of modern humans out of East Africa which makes them useful to trace human migrations. However, there is scarce data about the evolutionary history of HHV-8 particularly in multiethnic Latin American populations. OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to characterize the genetic diversity and the phylogeography of HHV-8 in two distant geographic regions of Argentina, and to establish potential associations with pathogenic conditions and the genetic ancestry of the population. STUDY DESIGN A total of 101 HIV-1 infected subjects, 93 Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) patients and 411 blood donors were recruited in the metropolitan (MET) and north-western regions of Argentina (NWA). HHV-8 DNA was detected by ORF-26 PCR in whole blood, saliva and FFPE tissues. Then, ORF-26 and ORF-K1 were analyzed for subtype assignment. Mitochondrial DNA and Y chromosome haplogroups, as well as autosomal ancestry markers were evaluated in samples in which subtypes could be assigned. Phylogeographic analysis was performed in the ORF-K1 sequences from this study combined with 388 GenBank sequences. RESULTS HHV-8 was detected in 50.7%, 59.2% and 8% of samples from HIV-1 infected subjects, KS patients and blood donors, respectively. ORF-K1 phylogenetic analyses showed that subtypes A (A1-A5), B1, C (C1-C3) and F were present in 46.9%, 6.25%, 43.75% and 3.1% of cases, respectively. Analyses of ORF-26 fragment revealed that 81.95% of strains were subtypes A/C followed by J, B2, R, and K. The prevalence of subtype J was more commonly observed among KS patients when compared to the other groups. Among KS patients, subtype A/C was more commonly detected in MET whereas subtype J was the most frequent in NWA. Subtypes A/C was significantly associated with Native American maternal haplogroups (p = 0.004), whereas subtype J was related to non-Native American haplogroups (p < 0.0001). Sub-Saharan Africa, Europe and Latin America were the most probable locations from where HHV-8 was introduced to Argentina. CONCLUSIONS These results give evidence of the geographic circulation of HHV-8 in Argentina, suggest the association of ORF-26 subtype J with KS development and provide new insights about its relationship with ancient and modern human migrations and identify the possible origins of this virus in Argentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Laura Hulaniuk
- Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingeniería Biomédica (IMTIB), CONICET, Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano (IUHI), Hospital Italiano (HIBA), Argentina
| | - Laura Mojsiejczuk
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones en Bacteriología y Virología Molecular (IBaViM), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Federico Jauk
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos Remondegui
- Servicio de Infectología y Medicina Tropical, Hospital San Roque, San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina
| | - Lilia Mammana
- Unidad de Virología - División Análisis Clínicos, Hospital de Infecciosas "F. J. Muñiz", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Belén Bouzas
- Unidad de Virología - División Análisis Clínicos, Hospital de Infecciosas "F. J. Muñiz", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Inés Zapiola
- Unidad de Virología - División Análisis Clínicos, Hospital de Infecciosas "F. J. Muñiz", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Verónica Ferro
- Servicio de Infectología y Medicina Tropical, Hospital San Roque, San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina
| | - Claudia Ajalla
- Servicio de Infectología y Medicina Tropical, Hospital San Roque, San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina
| | | | - Adriana Alter
- Fundación Hemocentro Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Sonia Bartoli
- Servicio de Hemoterapia, Hospital "Pablo Soria", San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina
| | - Victoria Volonteri
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dana Kohan
- Centro Privado de Patología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Boris Elsner
- Centro Privado de Patología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Ana Laura Reynaud
- Laboratorio de Patología y Citopatología, San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina
| | - Marisa Sánchez
- Servicio de Infectología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos González
- Servicio de Hemoterapia, Hospital de Infecciosas "F. J. Muñiz", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hernán García Rivello
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Corach
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Cátedra de Genética Forense y Servicio de Huellas Digitales Genéticas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariela Caputo
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Cátedra de Genética Forense y Servicio de Huellas Digitales Genéticas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta Trinks
- Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingeniería Biomédica (IMTIB), CONICET, Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano (IUHI), Hospital Italiano (HIBA), Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
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25
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Godbole S, Ghate M, Mehendale S. Understanding racial diversities in Kaposi's sarcoma. Indian J Med Res 2019; 149:319-321. [PMID: 31249194 PMCID: PMC6607822 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_2164_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sheela Godbole
- Epidemiology & Biostatistics, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411 026, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manisha Ghate
- Clinical Sciences, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411 026, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjay Mehendale
- Research Department, P.D. Hinduja National Hospital & Medical Research Center, Mumbai 400 016, Maharashtra, India
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