1
|
Wang J, Jin X, Yan S, Zhao H, Pang D, Ouyang H, Tang X. Yeast β-glucan promotes antiviral type I interferon response via dectin-1. Vet Microbiol 2024; 295:110107. [PMID: 38838382 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV), an alphaherpesvirus, is a neglected zoonotic pathogen. Dectin-1 sensing of β-glucan (BG) induces trained immunity, which can possibly form a new strategy for the prevention of viral infection. However, alphaherpesvirus including PRV have received little to no investigation in the context of trained immunity. Here, we found that BG pretreatment improved the survival rate, weight loss outcomes, alleviated histological injury and decreased PRV copy number of tissues in PRV-infected mice. Type I interferons (IFNs) including IFN-α/β levels in serum were significantly increased by BG. However, these effects were abrogated in the presence of Dectin-1 antagonist. Dectin-1-mediated effect of BG was also confirmed in porcine and murine macrophages. These results suggested that BG have effects on type I IFNs with antiviral property involved in Dectin-1. In piglets, oral or injected immunization with BG and PRV vaccine could significantly elevated the level of PRV-specific IgG and type I IFNs. And it also increased the antibody levels of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccine and classical swine fever vaccine that were later immunized, indicating a broad-spectrum effect on improving vaccine immunity. On the premise that the cost was greatly reducing, the immunological effect of oral was better than injection administration. Our findings highlighted that BG induced type I IFNs related antiviral effect against PRV involved in Dectin-1 and potential application value as a feed additive to help control the spread of PRV and future emerging viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wang
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Animal Genome Editing Technology Innovation Center, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Xuemin Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Shihan Yan
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Animal Genome Editing Technology Innovation Center, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Haoran Zhao
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Animal Genome Editing Technology Innovation Center, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Daxin Pang
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Animal Genome Editing Technology Innovation Center, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401123, China; Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Chongqing, China
| | - Hongsheng Ouyang
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Animal Genome Editing Technology Innovation Center, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401123, China; Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaochun Tang
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Animal Genome Editing Technology Innovation Center, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China; Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing 401123, China; Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Song C, Ye H, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Li Y, Yao J, Gao L, Wang S, Yu Y, Shu X. Isolation and Characterization of Yunnan Variants of the Pseudorabies Virus and Their Pathogenicity in Rats. Viruses 2024; 16:233. [PMID: 38400009 PMCID: PMC10891970 DOI: 10.3390/v16020233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Porcine pseudorabies has long existed in China and is a serious threat to the Chinese farming industry. To understand the prevalence and genetic variation of the porcine pseudorabies virus (PRV) and its pathogenicity in Yunnan Province, China, we collected 560 serum samples across seven Yunnan Province regions from 2020 to 2021 and detected anti-gE antibodies in these samples. Sixty-one clinical tissue samples were also collected from pigs with suspected PRV that were vaccinated with Bartha-K61. PRV-gE antibodies were found in 29.6% (166/560) of the serum samples. The PRV positivity rate in clinical tissue samples was 13.1% (8/61). Two isolates, PRV-KM and PRV-QJ, were obtained. The identity of the gB, gD, and gE genes between these isolates and the Chinese mutants exceeded 99.5%. These isolates and the classical Fa strain were used to infect 4-week-old rats intranasally to assess their pathogenicity. All infected rats showed the typical clinical and pathological features of PRV two days post-infection. The viral loads in the organs differed significantly among the infected groups. Viruses were detected in the saliva and feces at 12 h. Significant dynamic changes in total white blood cell counts (WBC), lymphocyte counts (Lym), and neutrophil counts (Gran) occurred in the blood of the infected groups at 24 and 48 h. These results show that mutant PRV strains are prevalent in Bartha-K61-vaccinated pigs in Yunnan Province, China. Moreover, rats shed PRV in their saliva and feces during early infection, indicating the need for rodent control in combatting PRV infections in Yunnan Province, China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunlian Song
- College of Animal Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (C.S.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Hua Ye
- College of Animal Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (C.S.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xue Zhang
- College of Animal Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (C.S.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yalun Zhang
- College of Animal Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (C.S.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yonghui Li
- College of Animal Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (C.S.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jun Yao
- Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Virus Diseases Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science & Veterinary Institute, Kunming 650224, China; (J.Y.); (L.G.)
| | - Lin Gao
- Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Virus Diseases Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science & Veterinary Institute, Kunming 650224, China; (J.Y.); (L.G.)
| | - Shanqiang Wang
- Weixin County Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station, Zhaotong 657000, China;
| | - Yougeng Yu
- Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Weixin County, Zhaotong 657000, China;
| | - Xianghua Shu
- College of Animal Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (C.S.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang Y, Xu L, Tao Q, Liu Z, Wen J, Xu T, Lai S, Ai Y, Xu Z, Zhu L. The immunity protection of intestine induced by pseudorabies virus del gI/gE/TK in piglets. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1295524. [PMID: 38249453 PMCID: PMC10796999 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1295524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Compared to the classical strain of Pseudorabies virus (PRV), the PRV variant exhibits stronger transmissibility and pathogenicity, causing immense disasters for the global pig industry. Based on this variant, our laboratory has preliminarily constructed a modified pseudorabies virus with deletions in the gE/gI/TK genes. In this study, the protective efficacy of PRV XJ del gI/gE/TK against piglet intestinal damage was evaluated. The results demonstrated that piglets immunized with PRV XJ del gI/gE/TK exhibited alleviated intestinal damage caused by the PRV XJ variant strain. This included reduced viral load, suppressed inflammation, and maintenance of intestinal structure and function. Additionally, PRV XJ del gI/gE/TK also strongly activated the innate immune response in the intestines, increasing the expression of antiviral factor mRNA and the secretion of SIgA to counteract the attack of the PRV XJ variant strain. Our study indicates that PRV XJ del gI/gE/TK can inhibit intestinal damage caused by PRV XJ variant strain and activate the innate immune response in the intestines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Tao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheyan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianhua Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tong Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan Lai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanru Ai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bo Z, Zhu J, Li X, Zhang C, Guo M, Cao Y, Zhang X, Wu Y. Identification of Na +/K +-ATPase Inhibitor Bufalin as a Novel Pseudorabies Virus Infection Inhibitor In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14479. [PMID: 37833925 PMCID: PMC10572507 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV), an alpha herpesvirus, induces significant economic losses to the swine industry and infects multiple kinds of animals. Therefore, it is of great importance to explore anti-PRV compounds. In this study, to explore the anti-PRV compounds, a library of natural compounds was screened through a cell-based ELISA assay, and it was discovered that bufalin, a Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor, had a robust inhibitory effect on PRV replication. A time-of-addition experiment and temperature-shift assay showed that bufalin significantly inhibited the entry stage of PRV. NaCl- or KCl-treatment showed that NaCl could enhance the inhibitory effect of bufalin on PRV replication, whereas there was no significant effect under the treatment of KCl. Meanwhile, it was also found that bufalin possessed antiviral activity against other alpha herpesviruses, including human herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and chicken Marek's disease virus (MDV). Finally, it was found that bufalin could decrease the viral load in multiple tissues, and reduce the morbidity and mortality in PRV-challenged BALB/c mice. Overall, our findings demonstrated that bufalin has the potential to be developed as an anti-PRV compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongyi Bo
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.B.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jinjin Zhu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.B.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.B.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Mengjiao Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yongzhong Cao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.B.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yantao Wu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.B.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhou Q, Zhang L, Lin Q, Liu H, Ye G, Liu X, Jiao S, Li J, Tang Y, Shi D, Huang L, Weng C. Pseudorabies Virus Infection Activates the TLR-NF-κB Axis and AIM2 Inflammasome To Enhance Inflammatory Responses in Mice. J Virol 2023; 97:e0000323. [PMID: 36877049 PMCID: PMC10062126 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00003-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection activates inflammatory responses to release robust proinflammatory cytokines, which are critical for controlling viral infection and clearance of PRV. However, the innate sensors and inflammasomes involved in the production and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines during PRV infection remain poorly studied. In this study, we report that the transcription and expression levels of some proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), are upregulated in primary peritoneal macrophages and in mice during PRV infection. Mechanistically, Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR3, TLR4, and TLR5 were induced by the PRV infection to enhance the transcription levels of pro-IL-1β, pro-IL-18, and gasdermin D (GSDMD). Additionally, we found that PRV infection and transfection of its genomic DNA triggered AIM2 inflammasome activation, apoptosis-related speckle-like protein (ASC) oligomerization, and caspase-1 activation to enhance the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18, which was mainly dependent on GSDMD, but not GSDME, in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our findings reveal that the activation of the TLR2-TLR3-TRL4-TLR5-NF-κB axis and AIM2 inflammasome, as well as GSDMD, is required for proinflammatory cytokine release, which resists the PRV replication and plays a critical role in host defense against PRV infection. Our findings provide novel clues to prevent and control PRV infection. IMPORTANCE PRV can infect several mammals, including pigs, other livestock, rodents, and wild animals, causing huge economic losses. As an emerging and reemerging infectious disease, the emergence of PRV virulent isolates and increasing human PRV infection cases indicate that PRV is still a high risk to public health. It has been reported that PRV infection leads to robust release of proinflammatory cytokines through activating inflammatory responses. However, the innate sensor that activates IL-1β expression and the inflammasome involved in the maturation and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines during PRV infection remain poorly studied. In this study, our findings reveal that, in mice, activation of the TLR2-TLR3-TRL4-TLR5-NF-κB axis and AIM2 inflammasome, as well as GSDMD, is required for proinflammatory cytokine release during PRV infection, and it resists PRV replication and plays a critical role in host defense against PRV infection. Our findings provide novel clues to prevent and control PRV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiongqiong Zhou
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Longfeng Zhang
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Qihong Lin
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongyang Liu
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guangqiang Ye
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuang Jiao
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiangnan Li
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yandong Tang
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Deshi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Huang
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Changjiang Weng
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Serological Investigation and Genetic Characteristics of Pseudorabies Virus between 2019 and 2021 in Henan Province of China. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081685. [PMID: 36016307 PMCID: PMC9412869 DOI: 10.3390/v14081685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In late 2011, severe pseudorabies (PR) outbreaks occurred among swine herds vaccinated with the Bartha-K61 vaccine in many provinces of China, causing enormous economic losses for the pork industry. To understand the epidemic profile and genetic characteristics of the pseudorabies virus (PRV), a total of 35,796 serum samples were collected from 1090 pig farms of different breeding scales between 2019 and 2021 in the Henan province where swine had been immunized with the Bartha-K61 vaccine, and PRV glycoprotein E (gE)-specific antibodies were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results reveal that the overall positive rate for PRV gE antibodies was 20.33% (7276/35,796), which decreased from 25.00% (2596/10,385) in 2019 to 16.69% (2222/13,315) in 2021, demonstrating that PR still existed widely in pig herds in the Henan province but displayed a decreasing trend. Further analysis suggested that the PRV-seropositive rate may be associated with farm size, farm category, quarter, region and the cross-regional transportation of livestock. Moreover, the gE gene complete sequences of 18 PRV isolates were obtained, and they shared a high identity (97.1–100.0%) with reference strains at the nucleotide level. Interestingly, the phylogenetic analysis based on the gE complete sequences found that there were both classical strains and variant strains in pig herds. The deduced amino acid sequence analysis of the gE gene showed that there were unique amino acids in the classical strains, the variant strains and genotype Ⅱ strains. This study provides epidemiological data that could be useful in the prevention of pseudorabies in Henan, China, and this finding contributed to our understanding of the epidemiology and evolution of PRV.
Collapse
|