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Bai L, Tani T, Kobayashi T, Nouda R, Kanai Y, Sano Y, Takami K, Tomita H, Sugano E, Ozaki T, Kiyono T, Fukuda T. Establishment of immortalized Egyptian Rousettus bat cell lines. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:598-612. [PMID: 38373743 PMCID: PMC10988675 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The Egyptian Rousettus bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) is a common fruit bat species that is distributed mainly in Africa and the Middle East. Bats serve as reservoir hosts for numerous pathogens. Human activities, such as hunting bats for food, managing vermin, and causing habitat loss, elevate the likelihood of transmission of bat pathogens to humans and other animals. Consequently, bat cell lines play a crucial role as research materials for investigating viral pathogens. However, the inherent limitation of finite cell division in primary cells necessitates the use of immortalized cells derived from various bat tissues. Herein, we successfully established six fibroblast cell lines derived from an infant bat heart and lungs and an elderly bat heart. Three of the six cell lines, called K4DT cells, were transduced by a combination of cell cycle regulators, mutant cyclin-dependent kinase 4, cyclin D1, and human telomerase reverse transcriptase. The other three cell lines, named SV40 cells, were transfected with simian virus 40 large T antigen. Transgene protein expression was detected in the transduced cells. All three K4DT cell lines and one lung-derived SV40 cell line were virtually immortalized and nearly maintained the normal diploid karyotypes. However, the two other heart-derived SV40 cell lines had aberrant karyotypes and the young bat-derived cell line stopped proliferating at approximately 40 population doublings. These bat cell lines are valuable for studying pathogen genomics and biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Bai
- Graduate School of Science and EngineeringIwate UniversityJapan
| | - Tetsuya Tani
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of AgricultureKindai UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Takeshi Kobayashi
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial DiseasesOsaka UniversityJapan
| | - Ryotaro Nouda
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial DiseasesOsaka UniversityJapan
| | - Yuta Kanai
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial DiseasesOsaka UniversityJapan
| | - Yusuke Sano
- Local Independent Administrative Agency Tennoji Zoological GardensOsakaJapan
| | - Kazutoshi Takami
- Osaka Municipal Tennoji Zoological GardensJapan
- Present address:
*Toyohashi Zoo and Botanical ParkToyohashiJapan
| | - Hiroshi Tomita
- Graduate School of Science and EngineeringIwate UniversityJapan
| | - Eriko Sugano
- Graduate School of Science and EngineeringIwate UniversityJapan
| | - Taku Ozaki
- Graduate School of Science and EngineeringIwate UniversityJapan
| | - Tohru Kiyono
- Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial CenterNational Cancer CenterChibaJapan
| | - Tomokazu Fukuda
- Graduate School of Science and EngineeringIwate UniversityJapan
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de Quadros DL, Ribeiro VA, Rezende MA, Maté YA, Gomes MA, Secchi K, Strottmann DM, Frandoloso R, Kreutz LC. Oncogenic viral DNA related to human breast cancer found on cattle milk and meat. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 101:102053. [PMID: 37672958 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2023.102053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a major cause of lymphoma in cattle and has been recently correlated to breast cancer in humans. How and whether BLV might reach humans remains unknown but it could be through cattle-derived milk and meat. Here our aim was to investigate whether BLV DNA could be found in fresh milk and raw meat destined to human consumption and whether anti-BLV antibodies could be detected in human blood at the same geographical region. Milk (n = 36) and meat (n = 54) samples were collected from cows knowingly seropositive or negative to BLV and evaluated by nested PCR targeting BLV tax gene. Human serum samples (n = 900) were tested by ELISA to detect anti-BLV antibodies. BLV DNA was detected in 39 % of the milk samples and in 32 % of meat samples from BLV positive cows. Anti-BLV antibodies were found in 4.1 % of the human serum samples. Our data further supports the hypothesis that BLV might cause a zoonotic infection and indicate that milk and meat from BLV-infected cattle might be considered a potential source of infection to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lazzari de Quadros
- Universidade de Passo Fundo, Escola de Ciências Agrárias, Inovação e Negócios, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Prédio G3, Campus I, Rodovia BR 285, Km 292, Bairro São José, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Vitoria Agnoletto Ribeiro
- Universidade de Passo Fundo, Escola de Ciências Agrárias, Inovação e Negócios, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Prédio G3, Campus I, Rodovia BR 285, Km 292, Bairro São José, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana Antunes Rezende
- Universidade de Passo Fundo, Escola de Ciências Agrárias, Inovação e Negócios, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Prédio G3, Campus I, Rodovia BR 285, Km 292, Bairro São José, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Yasmin Ampese Maté
- Universidade de Passo Fundo, Escola de Ciências Agrárias, Inovação e Negócios, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Prédio G3, Campus I, Rodovia BR 285, Km 292, Bairro São José, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Márcio Alexandro Gomes
- Universidade de Passo Fundo, Escola de Ciências Agrárias, Inovação e Negócios, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Prédio G3, Campus I, Rodovia BR 285, Km 292, Bairro São José, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Katia Secchi
- Universidade de Passo Fundo, Escola de Ciências Agrárias, Inovação e Negócios, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Prédio G3, Campus I, Rodovia BR 285, Km 292, Bairro São José, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Daisy Maria Strottmann
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas (ICC/Fiocruz), Rua Prof. Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3773, CEP 81350-010 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Rafael Frandoloso
- Universidade de Passo Fundo, Escola de Ciências Agrárias, Inovação e Negócios, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Prédio G3, Campus I, Rodovia BR 285, Km 292, Bairro São José, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Kreutz
- Universidade de Passo Fundo, Escola de Ciências Agrárias, Inovação e Negócios, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Prédio G3, Campus I, Rodovia BR 285, Km 292, Bairro São José, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.
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Wu X, Notsu K, Matsuura Y, Mitoma S, El Daous H, Norimine J, Sekiguchi S. Development of droplet digital PCR for quantification of bovine leukemia virus proviral load using unpurified genomic DNA. J Virol Methods 2023; 315:114706. [PMID: 36849053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2023.114706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the causative agent of a B-cell tumor called enzootic bovine leukosis. Preventing BLV spreading is required to reduce economic loss related to BLV infection of livestock. To quantify proviral load (PVL) more easily and rapidly, we developed a quantification system of PVL using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). This method uses a multiplex TaqMan assay of the BLV provirus and housekeeping gene RPP30 for the quantification of BLV in BLV-infected cells. Furthermore, we combined ddPCR with DNA purification-free sample preparation (unpurified genomic DNA). The percentage of BLV-infected cells based on unpurified genomic DNA was highly correlated with that based on purified genomic DNA (correlation coefficient: 0.906). Thus, this new technique is a suitable method to quantify PVL of BLV-infected cattle in a large sample number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Wu
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
| | - Kousuke Notsu
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
| | - Yuichi Matsuura
- Division of Infectious Animal Diseases, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan.
| | - Shuya Mitoma
- Division of Immunology, Department of Infectious disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan.
| | - Hala El Daous
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt
| | - Junzo Norimine
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Sekiguchi
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.
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Visualization of clonal expansion after massive depletion of cells carrying the bovine leukemia virus (BLV) integration sites during the course of disease progression in a BLV naturally-infected cow: a case report. Retrovirology 2022; 19:24. [PMID: 36329491 PMCID: PMC9635170 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-022-00609-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infects cattle, integrates into host DNA as a provirus, and induces malignant B-cell lymphoma. Previous studies have addressed the impact of proviral integration of BLV on BLV-induced leukemogenesis. However, no studies have monitored sequential changes in integration sites in which naturally infected BLV individuals progress from the premalignant stage to the terminal disease. Here, we collected blood samples from a single, naturally infected Holstein cow at three disease progression stages (Stage I: polyclonal stage, Stage II: polyclonal toward oligoclonal stage, Stage III: oligoclonal stage) and successfully visualized the kinetics of clonal expansion of cells carrying BLV integration sites using our BLV proviral DNA-capture sequencing method. Although 24 integration sites were detected in Stages I and II, 92% of these sites experienced massive depletion in Stage III. Of these sites, 46%, 37%, and 17% were located within introns of Refseq genes, intergenic regions, and repetitive sequences, respectively. At Stage III cattle with lymphoma, only two integration sites were generated de novo in the intergenic region of Chr1, and the intron of the CHEK2 gene on Chr17 was significantly increased. Our results are the first to demonstrate clonal expansion after the massive depletion of cells carrying BLV integration sites in a naturally infected cow.
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