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Nian X, Luo Y, He X, Wu S, Li J, Wang D, Holford P, Beattie GAC, Cen Y, Zhang S, He Y. Infection with 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' improves the fecundity of Diaphorina citri aiding its proliferation: A win-win strategy. Mol Ecol 2024; 33:e17214. [PMID: 38018658 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of insect vector-pathogen relationships has long been of interest in the field of molecular ecology. One system of special relevance, due to its economic impacts, is that between Diaphorina citri and 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' (CLas), the cause of the severe Asian form of huanglongbing. CLas-positive D. citri are more fecund than their CLas-negative counterparts, boosting opportunities for pathogens to acquire new vector hosts. The molecular mechanism behind this life-history shift remains unclear. Here, we found that CLas promoted ovarian development and increased the expression of the vitellogenin receptor (DcVgR) in ovaries. DcVgR RNAi significantly decreased fecundity and CLas titer in ovaries, extended the preoviposition period, shortened the oviposition period and blocked ovarian development. Given their importance in gene regulation, we explored the role of miRNAs in shaping these phenotypes and their molecular triggers. Our results showed that one miRNA, miR-275, suppressed DcVgR expression by binding to its 3' UTR. Overexpression of miR-275 knocked down DcVgR expression and CLas titer in ovaries, causing reproductive defects that mimicked DcVgR knockdown phenotypes. We focused, further, on roles of the Juvenile Hormone (JH) pathway in shaping the observed fecundity phenotype, given its known impacts on ovarian development. After CLas infection, this pathway was upregulated, thereby increasing DcVgR expression. From these combined results, we conclude that CLas hijacks the JH signalling pathway and miR-275, thereby targeting DcVgR to increase D. citri fecundity. These changes simultaneously increase CLas replication, suggesting a pathogen-vector host mutualism, or a seemingly helpful, but cryptically costly life-history manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoge Nian
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Henry Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Yaru Luo
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu He
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shujie Wu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayun Li
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Desen Wang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Paul Holford
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Yijing Cen
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songdou Zhang
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yurong He
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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2
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Zhang J, Zafar J, Kong J, Wang F, Shao X, Zhang R, Pang R, Xu H, Xu X, Jin F. MicroRNA-Mediated Host Immune Genes Manipulation Benefits AcMNPV Proliferation in Spodoptera frugiperda. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71. [PMID: 37917564 PMCID: PMC10655178 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Spodoptera frugiperda is a highly destructive migratory pest that threatens various crops globally. Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) is an effective biocontrol agent against lepidopteran pests. Here, we explored the molecular mechanisms underlying the immune response to AcMNPV infection in S. frugiperda. RNA-seq and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analyses identified the Toll, IMD, and apoptosis pathways as primary immune responses. Investigation into AcMNPV-induced apoptosis in the S. frugiperda cell line (Sf9) revealed that the Toll pathway activated the JNK via the TRAF6 (TNF receptor-associated factor 6) adapter. In addition, AcMNPV-induced the differential expression of several host-encoded microRNAs (miRNAs), with significant negative regulatory effects, on S. frugiperda antiviral immune genes. RNAi and miRNA-mimic mediated silencing of these genes resulted in increased AcMNPV proliferation. Our findings reinforce the potential of AcMNPV as a potent biocontrol agent and further our understanding of developing biotechnology-based targeted pest control agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- National
Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, “Belt and Road” Technology
Industry and Innovation Institute for Green and Biological Control
of Agricultural Pests, College of Plant
Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Junaid Zafar
- National
Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, “Belt and Road” Technology
Industry and Innovation Institute for Green and Biological Control
of Agricultural Pests, College of Plant
Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jinrong Kong
- National
Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, “Belt and Road” Technology
Industry and Innovation Institute for Green and Biological Control
of Agricultural Pests, College of Plant
Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fei Wang
- National
Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, “Belt and Road” Technology
Industry and Innovation Institute for Green and Biological Control
of Agricultural Pests, College of Plant
Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xuehua Shao
- Institute
of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource
Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and
Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ruonan Zhang
- National
Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, “Belt and Road” Technology
Industry and Innovation Institute for Green and Biological Control
of Agricultural Pests, College of Plant
Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Rui Pang
- National
Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, “Belt and Road” Technology
Industry and Innovation Institute for Green and Biological Control
of Agricultural Pests, College of Plant
Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hanhong Xu
- National
Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, “Belt and Road” Technology
Industry and Innovation Institute for Green and Biological Control
of Agricultural Pests, College of Plant
Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoxia Xu
- National
Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, “Belt and Road” Technology
Industry and Innovation Institute for Green and Biological Control
of Agricultural Pests, College of Plant
Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fengliang Jin
- National
Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, “Belt and Road” Technology
Industry and Innovation Institute for Green and Biological Control
of Agricultural Pests, College of Plant
Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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3
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Jia Q, Fu Y. microRNA-34-5p encoded by Spodoptera frugiperda regulates the replication and infection of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus by targeting odv-e66, ac78 and ie2. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:5379-5389. [PMID: 36057111 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spodoptera frugiperda is one of the significant migratory pests in the Global Alert issued by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. As an insect-specific microbial insecticide, baculovirus has been used to control various pests. MicroRNA-34-5p (miR-34-5p) is involved in regulating growth, reproduction and innate immunity to pathogens in insects, playing an essential role in host-virus interactions. In this study, we explored the critical function of miR-34-5p encoded by S. frugiperda in the anti-Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV), providing a reference for the design of a miR-34-5p target biopesticide against S. frugiperda and a theoretical basis for the wide application of microRNAs (miRNAs) in green pest control technology. RESULTS We focused on miR-34-5p identified as downregulated in Sf9 cells and S. frugiperda larvae infected by AcMNPV. The regulatory function of miR-34-5p in AcMNPV-S. frugiperda interactions was studied by transfecting synthetic mimics and inhibitors, and constructing recombinant bacmids with miR-34-5p overexpression. miR-34-5p inhibited the production of infectious budded virions at the cellular and insect levels, inhibited the replication of the viral DNA and glucose metabolism, and increased the transcription of the antimicrobial peptide gloverin. Furthermore, the virus genes odv-e66, ac78 and ie2 were shown to be direct targets. CONCLUSION We systematically revealed the mechanism by which miR-34-5p is involved in the insect antiviral process. miR-34-5p inhibited the replication and infection of AcMNPV by directly targeting AcMNPV genes, especially ac78 and ie2. Our study provides a new direction and thinking for the prevention and green control of lepidopteran pests. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaojin Jia
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Fenyang College, Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuejun Fu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
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Chang CW, Wang LS, Pham NN, Shen CC, Hsu MN, Nguyen NTK, Yen CY, Lin MW, Hwu JR, Chang YH, Hu YC. Synthetic biology approach to developing all-in-one baculovirus vector using mammalian introns and miRNA binding sites. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2021.104175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Awais MM, Shakeel M, Sun J. MicroRNA-Mediated Host-Pathogen Interactions Between Bombyx mori and Viruses. Front Physiol 2021; 12:672205. [PMID: 34025458 PMCID: PMC8137832 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.672205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs of about 22 nucleotides, have been reported to regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level and are involved in several biological processes such as immunity, development, metabolism, and host-pathogen interactions. Apart from miRNAs encoded by the host, miRNAs produced by pathogens also regulate host genes to facilitate virus replication and evasion of the host defense responses. In recent years, accumulated studies suggest that viral infections alter the host miRNAs expression profile, and both cellular and viral miRNAs may play vital roles in host-pathogen interactions. Bombyx mori, one of the critical lepidopteran model species, is an economically important insect for silk production. The mechanism of interaction between B. mori and its pathogens and their regulation by miRNAs has been extensively studied. Therefore, in this review, we aim to highlight the recent information and understanding of the virus-encoding miRNAs and their functions in modulating viral and host (B. mori) genes. Additionally, the response of B. mori derived miRNAs to viral infection is also discussed. A detailed critical view about miRNAs’ regulatory roles in B. mori-virus interactions will help us understand molecular networks and develop a sustainable antiviral strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Muhammad Awais
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Sub-Tropical Sericulture and Mulberry Resources Protection and Safety Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Shakeel
- Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guandong Province, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingchen Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Sub-Tropical Sericulture and Mulberry Resources Protection and Safety Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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6
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Singh CP. Role of microRNAs in insect-baculovirus interactions. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 127:103459. [PMID: 32961323 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a novel class of gene expression regulators and are found to be involved in regulating a wide range of biological processes such as development, cell cycle, metabolism, apoptosis, immunity, host-pathogen interactions etc. Generally miRNAs negatively regulate the gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by binding to the complementary target mRNA sequences. These tiny molecules are abundantly found in higher eukaryotes and viruses. Most of the DNA viruses of animals and insects encode miRNAs including baculoviruses. Baculoviruses are the insect-specific viruses that cause severe infection and mortality mainly in insect larvae of the order Lepidoptera, Diptera, and Hymenoptera. These enveloped viruses have multiple applications in biotechnology and biological pest control methods. For a better understanding of baculoviruses, it is necessary to elucidate the molecular basis of insect-baculovirus interactions. Recent advancement in the technologies for studying the gene expression has accelerated the discovery of new players in the insect-baculovirus interactions. MiRNAs are the emerging and fate-determining players of host-viral interactions. The long history of host and virus co-evolution suggests that the virus keeps on evolving its arsenals to succeed in infection whereas the host continues investing in antiviral defense mechanisms. In this review, I aim to highlight the recent information and understanding of the baculovirus-encoding miRNAs and their functions in regulating viral as well as host genes. Additionally, insect-derived miRNAs response to baculovirus infection is also discussed. A detailed critical view about the regulatory roles of miRNAs in insect-baculovirus interactions will help us to understand molecular networks amid these interactions and develop a sustainable antiviral strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Singh
- Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, 302004, Rajasthan, India.
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Qiao J, Du Y, Yu J, Guo J. MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers of Insecticide Exposure: A Review. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:2169-2181. [PMID: 31625722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Insecticides are key weapons for the control of pests. Large scale use of insecticides is harmful to the ecosystem, which is made up of a wide range of species and environments. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous single-stranded noncoding small RNAs in length of 20-24 nucleotides (nt), which extensively regulate expression of genes at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. The current research on miRNA-induced insecticide resistance reveals that dysregulated miRNAs cause significant changes in detoxification genes, particularly cytochrome P450s. Meanwhile, insecticide-induced changes in miRNAs are related to the decline of honeybees and threatened the development of zebrafish and other animals. Additionally, miRNAs are involved in insecticide-induced cytotoxicity, and dysregulated miRNAs are associated with human occupational and environmental exposure to insecticides. Therefore, miRNAs are valuable novel biomarkers of insecticide exposure, and they are potential factors to explain the toxicological effects of insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiakai Qiao
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310018 , China
| | - Yuting Du
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310018 , China
| | - Junjie Yu
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310018 , China
| | - Jiangfeng Guo
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310018 , China
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8
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Karamipour N, Fathipour Y, Talebi AA, Asgari S, Mehrabadi M. The microRNA pathway is involved in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells antiviral immune defense against Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus infection. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 112:103202. [PMID: 31422153 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The microRNA (miRNA) pathway is an epigenetic mechanism that plays important roles in various biological processes including host-virus interactions by regulating gene expression of the host and/or the virus. Previously, we showed that the cellular microRNAome in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells is modulated following Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) infection suggesting that miRNAs may contribute in the cellular antiviral immunity. Here, we investigated the role of core components of the miRNA pathway in Sf9-AcMNPV interaction. Gene expression analyses showed that the expression levels of Dicer-1 (Dcr1), Argonaute-1 (Ago1) and Exportin-5 (Exp5) increased following AcMNPV infection particularly at 16 h post infection (hpi). Ran expression levels, however, decreased in response to virus infection. The expression levels of cellular miRNAs, miR-184 and let-7, also diminished at the post infection times further confirming differential expression of the cellular miRNAs following AcMNPV infection. To determine the role of the miRNA pathway in the interaction, we silenced key genes in the pathway using specific dsRNAs. RNAi of Dcr1, Ago1 and Ran enhanced viral DNA replication and reduced the abundance of miR-184 and let-7 underscoring the importance of the miRNA pathway in antiviral immunity in Sf9 cells. Suppression of the miRNA pathway in mock and infected cells had no effect on Ran expression levels suggesting miRNA-independent downregulation of this gene after virus infection. In conclusion, our results suggest the antiviral role of the miRNA pathway in Sf9 cells against AcMNPV. To modulate this immune response, AcMNPV represses host miRNAs likely through downregulation of Ran to enhance its replication in the host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeime Karamipour
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Fathipour
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Talebi
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sassan Asgari
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mohammad Mehrabadi
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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9
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[Anti-viral responses in insect cells]. Uirusu 2019; 69:47-60. [PMID: 32938894 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.69.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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10
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Ran Z, Shi X, Han F, Li J, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Yin J, Li R, Zhong J. Expressing MicroRNA Bantam Sponge Drastically Improves the Insecticidal Activity of Baculovirus via Increasing the Level of Ecdysteroid Hormone in Spodoptera exigua Larvae. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1824. [PMID: 30131792 PMCID: PMC6090145 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bantam is a conserved miRNA highly expressed in insects. We previously showed that the antisense inhibitor (antagomiR) of bantam improved the infection by baculovirus Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) in Spodoptera exigua and S. litura larvae. Here, we constructed a recombinant AcMNPV (vPH-banS) expressing bantam sponge, an mRNA containing eight antisense binding sites for bantam. Infection with wild type AcMNPV (WT) or the control recombinant virus vPH resulted in a significant increase of bantam level, whereas infection with vPH-banS led to an approximately 40% reduction of bantam in both Sf9 cells and S. exigua larvae. Although, comparable production of budded virus and polyhedra were detected in vPH-banS-, vPH-, and WT-infected Sf9 cells, vPH-banS showed remarkably increased insecticidal activity in S. exigua larvae. The 50% lethal concentration and the median lethal time of vPH-banS was only 1/40 and 1/2, respectively, of both vPH and WT. Further analysis showed that the level of molting hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) was significantly higher in larvae infected with vPH-banS than those infected with vPH or WT. This was confirmed by the result that the larvae treated with bantam inhibitor also had a markedly increased 20E level. Moreover, feeding larvae with 20E increased the virus-mediated mortality, whereas feeding with juvenile hormone partially reverted the high insecticidal effect of vPH-banS. Together, our results revealed that vPH-banS infection suppresses the level of bantam, and in turn elevates level of 20E in infected insects, resulting in increased susceptibility to baculovirus infection. Our study provided a novel approach to improve a baculovirus bio-insecticide by interfering with a key homeostasis-regulating miRNA of the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Microbiology and Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojie Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Microbiology and Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangting Han
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Microbiology and Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Microbiology and Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Youyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Microbiology and Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Microbiology and Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Microbiology and Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Microbiology and Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Microbiology and Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Inhibition of expression of BmNPV cg30 by bmo-miRNA-390 is a host response to baculovirus invasion. Arch Virol 2018; 163:2719-2725. [PMID: 29948378 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-3912-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Bombyx mori larvae exhibit in vivo defensive reactions immediately after invasion by a virus. One of these defense systems is to express appropriate microRNAs (miRNAs) to respond to the infection. A novel Bombyx mori-encoded miRNA, bmo-miR-390, was identified previously by high-throughput sequencing. Based on bioinformatic predictions, the Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus cg30 gene (BmNPV-cg30) is one of the target genes of bmo-miR-390. In this study, expression vectors with an enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) or a luciferase (luc) reporter gene together with bm-miR-390 or the cg30 3' UTR were constructed and used to co-transfect BmN cells. Using a dual luciferase reporter (DLR) assay, we found that bmo-miR-390 significantly downregulates the expression of BmNPV-cg30 (P < 0.05) in vitro. Moreover, artificially synthesized bmo-miR-390 mimics enhanced the regulatory effect of bmo-miR-390, while an inhibitor eliminated the inhibitory effect. These results show for the first time that bmo-miR-390 can effectively downregulate the expression of BmNPV-cg30 in BmNPV-infected BmN cells.
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Baculovirus-Encoded MicroRNAs: A Brief Overview and Future Prospects. Curr Microbiol 2018; 76:738-743. [PMID: 29487989 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-018-1443-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs with ∼22 nucleotides, which are able to regulate various biological processes, including the viral life cycle and host-pathogen interactions. Long primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) are initially transcribed in nucleus, and subsequently processed by Dicer in cytoplasm to generate mature miRNAs. Baculoviruses consist of large, enveloped, insect-pathogenic viruses with a double-stranded circular DNA genome. Recent studies suggest that baculoviruses encode some miRNAs to manipulate expression regulation of host genes, whereas host modulate viral gene expression via miRNAs to limit viral infection. In the review, we will focus on the biogenesis and functions of miRNAs and the interactions between baculoviruses, insect, and miRNAs. It will be helpful to delve into the related mechanisms of BmNPV-encoded miRNAs that contribute to infection and pathogenesis.
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13
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Zhang S, An S, Hoover K, Li Z, Li X, Liu X, Shen Z, Fang H, Ros VID, Zhang Q, Liu X. Host miRNAs are involved in hormonal regulation of HaSNPV-triggered climbing behaviour in Helicoverpa armigera. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:459-475. [PMID: 29219212 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Baculoviruses manipulate host climbing behaviour to ensure that the hosts die at elevated positions on host plants to facilitate virus proliferation and transmission, which is a process referred to as tree-top disease. However, the detailed molecular mechanism underlying tree-top disease has not been elucidated. Using transcriptome analysis, we showed that two hormone signals, juvenile hormone (JH) and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), are key components involved in HaSNPV-induced tree-top disease in Helicoverpa armigera larvae. RNAi-mediated knockdown and exogenous hormone treatment assays demonstrated that 20E inhibits virus-induced tree-top disease, while JH mediates tree-top disease behaviour. Knockdown of BrZ2, a downstream signal of JH and 20E, promoted HaSNPV-induced tree-top disease. We also found that two miRNAs target BrZ2 and are involved in the cross-talk regulation between 20E and JH manipulating HaSNPV replication, time to death and HaSNPV-induced tree-top disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songdou Zhang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiheng An
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kelli Hoover
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangrui Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongjian Shen
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haibo Fang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Vera I D Ros
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Qingwen Zhang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Williams T, Virto C, Murillo R, Caballero P. Covert Infection of Insects by Baculoviruses. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1337. [PMID: 28769903 PMCID: PMC5511839 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Baculoviruses (Baculoviridae) are occluded DNA viruses that are lethal pathogens of the larval stages of some lepidopterans, mosquitoes, and sawflies (phytophagous Hymenoptera). These viruses have been developed as biological insecticides for control of insect pests and as expression vectors in biotechnological applications. Natural and laboratory populations frequently harbor covert infections by baculoviruses, often at a prevalence exceeding 50%. Covert infection can comprise either non-productive latency or sublethal infection involving low level production of virus progeny. Latency in cell culture systems involves the expression of a small subset of viral genes. In contrast, covert infection in lepidopterans is associated with differential infection of cell types, modulation of virus gene expression and avoidance of immune system clearance. The molecular basis for covert infection may reside in the regulation of host-virus interactions through the action of microRNAs (miRNA). Initial findings suggest that insect nudiviruses and vertebrate herpesviruses may provide useful analogous models for exploring the mechanisms of covert infection by baculoviruses. These pathogens adopt mixed-mode transmission strategies that depend on the relative fitness gains that accrue through vertical and horizontal transmission. This facilitates virus persistence when opportunities for horizontal transmission are limited and ensures virus dispersal in migratory host species. However, when host survival is threatened by environmental or physiological stressors, latent or persistent infections can be activated to produce lethal disease, followed by horizontal transmission. Covert infection has also been implicated in population level effects on host-pathogen dynamics due to the reduced reproductive capacity of infected females. We conclude that covert infections provide many opportunities to examine the complexity of insect-virus pathosystems at the organismal level and to explore the evolutionary and ecological relationships of these pathogens with major crop and forest pests.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Virto
- Bioinsecticidas Microbianos, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Pública de NavarraMutilva, Spain
- Laboratorio de Entomología Agrícola y Patología de Insectos, Departamento de Producción Agraria, Universidad Pública de NavarraPamplona, Spain
| | - Rosa Murillo
- Bioinsecticidas Microbianos, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Pública de NavarraMutilva, Spain
- Laboratorio de Entomología Agrícola y Patología de Insectos, Departamento de Producción Agraria, Universidad Pública de NavarraPamplona, Spain
| | - Primitivo Caballero
- Bioinsecticidas Microbianos, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Pública de NavarraMutilva, Spain
- Laboratorio de Entomología Agrícola y Patología de Insectos, Departamento de Producción Agraria, Universidad Pública de NavarraPamplona, Spain
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Kolliopoulou A, Taning CNT, Smagghe G, Swevers L. Viral Delivery of dsRNA for Control of Insect Agricultural Pests and Vectors of Human Disease: Prospects and Challenges. Front Physiol 2017; 8:399. [PMID: 28659820 PMCID: PMC5469917 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
RNAi is applied as a new and safe method for pest control in agriculture but efficiency and specificity of delivery of dsRNA trigger remains a critical issue. Various agents have been proposed to augment dsRNA delivery, such as engineered micro-organisms and synthetic nanoparticles, but the use of viruses has received relatively little attention. Here we present a critical view of the potential of the use of recombinant viruses for efficient and specific delivery of dsRNA. First of all, it requires the availability of plasmid-based reverse genetics systems for virus production, of which an overview is presented. For RNA viruses, their application seems to be straightforward since dsRNA is produced as an intermediate molecule during viral replication, but DNA viruses also have potential through the production of RNA hairpins after transcription. However, application of recombinant virus for dsRNA delivery may not be straightforward in many cases, since viruses can encode RNAi suppressors, and virus-induced silencing effects can be determined by the properties of the encoded RNAi suppressor. An alternative is virus-like particles that retain the efficiency and specificity determinants of natural virions but have encapsidated non-replicating RNA. Finally, the use of viruses raises important safety issues which need to be addressed before application can proceed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kolliopoulou
- Insect Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, NCSR “Demokritos,”Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Clauvis N. T. Taning
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent UniversityGhent, Belgium
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent UniversityGhent, Belgium
| | - Luc Swevers
- Insect Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, NCSR “Demokritos,”Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
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