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Gotlib J, Jaworski M, Cieślak I, Sobierajski T, Wawrzuta D, Małkowski P, Dobrowolska B, Dyk D, Gaworska-Krzemińska A, Grochans E, Kózka M, Lewko J, Uchmanowicz I, Panczyk M. How Psychological Variables Maybe Correlated with Willingness to Get COVID-19 Vaccine: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study of Polish Novice Nurses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15787. [PMID: 36497862 PMCID: PMC9740348 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nurses became the largest medical group exposed to direct contact with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In this study, we aimed to assess the readiness and motivation for vaccination, as well as the use of sources of information and attitudes toward vaccination depending on the psychological profile. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional online survey study was conducted. The study included 145 novice nurses from 8 medical universities who completed 3-year undergraduate studies. Women constituted 97.2% of the respondents (N = 141). The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Brief Resilient Coping Scale, and an original questionnaire were used. Variables were analyzed with descriptive statistics methods. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Among the participants, 73.1% had already been vaccinated against COVID-19 (N = 106). The participants were divided into two groups: G1 (N = 98), characterized by a lower level of anxiety with higher self-efficacy and resilient coping, and G2 (N = 47), with a higher level of anxiety with poorer self-efficacy and resilient coping. The analysis of the potential correlation of psychological pattern with the decision to vaccinate was not statistically significant (p = 0.166). CONCLUSION Psychological variables may be correlating with motivation, attitudes toward vaccination, and the choice of reliable sources of information about vaccination. Our study demonstrates the key role of two psychological variables, self-efficacy and resilient coping, in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Gotlib
- Department of Education and Research of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Jaworski
- Department of Education and Research of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilona Cieślak
- Department of Education and Research of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sobierajski
- Faculty of Applied Social Sciences and Resocialization, University of Warsaw, 00-503 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Dominik Wawrzuta
- Department of Education and Research of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Małkowski
- Department of Surgical Nursing, Transplantation Nursing and Extracorporeal Therapies, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-007 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Dobrowolska
- Department of Management in Nursing, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Danuta Dyk
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Nursing, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-179 Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Elżbieta Grochans
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Maria Kózka
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum in Krakow, 31-501 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jolanta Lewko
- Department of Primary Health Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University in Bialystok, 15-054 Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Mariusz Panczyk
- Department of Education and Research of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
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Świerad M, Świerad I, Szydło R, Honisz G, Gąsior M, Kalarus Z, Dyrbuś K. Assessment of the Level of Anxiety for COVID-19 Vaccinations. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10060915. [PMID: 35746523 PMCID: PMC9227172 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10060915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Research published especially in the last decade indicates the influence of anxiety on the human decision-making process. This study analyzes the anxiety among individuals who decided to undergo vaccinations for COVID-19. The study assesses that the level of education, especially medical education, age, and gender, had an influence on the level of anxiety in terms of vaccination situations. The STAI self-assessment questionnaire was used. The study was conducted anonymously using the paper-pencil method during two rounds of vaccination; therefore, the respondent sample included mainly medical personnel and elderly people. A total of 898 questionnaires were issued. Age did not affect the trait and state of anxiety, but highly educated people tested during vaccination had a lower anxiety level. Gender had no influence on the trait but did influence the state of anxiety. Overall, women were the group that exhibited a higher level of anxiety than men. Nurses were particularly vulnerable to the negative effects of situational medication in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Świerad
- Department of Cardiology, Congenital Heart Diseases and Electrotherapy, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases in Zabrze, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (M.Ś.); (G.H.); (Z.K.)
| | - Ilona Świerad
- Psychological and Pedagogical Counseling Center No. 3 in Katowice, 40-096 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Robert Szydło
- Department of Labor Resource Management, Cracow University of Economics, 31-510 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-660715085
| | - Grzegorz Honisz
- Department of Cardiology, Congenital Heart Diseases and Electrotherapy, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases in Zabrze, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (M.Ś.); (G.H.); (Z.K.)
| | - Mariusz Gąsior
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (M.G.); (K.D.)
| | - Zbigniew Kalarus
- Department of Cardiology, Congenital Heart Diseases and Electrotherapy, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases in Zabrze, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (M.Ś.); (G.H.); (Z.K.)
| | - Krzysztof Dyrbuś
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (M.G.); (K.D.)
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Attitude of Health Care Workers and Medical Students towards Vaccination against COVID-19. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10040535. [PMID: 35455284 PMCID: PMC9029435 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10040535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of medical personnel in promoting vaccination and pro-health attitudes seems to be of key importance for protection against COVID-19. The aim of the study was to assess the attitudes of health care workers and students of medical faculties towards preventive vaccinations against COVID-19. A cross-sectional online self-administered survey was conducted among 497 people. The questions concerned attitudes towards vaccination as well as concerns about the side effects of the vaccine and contracting COVID-19. A positive attitude to vaccination was observed in 82% of the respondents. More than 54% respondents were concerned about side effects after COVID-19 vaccination. Medical students under 26 years had a more positive attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination, twice as high as among health care workers OR (95%Cl): 2.20 (1.03–4.66) vs. 4.06 (2.54–6.48), respectively. Students were more concerned than nurses about adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccine 3.8 (3.2–4.1) vs. 3.0 (2.7–3.5) and contracting the virus (1.7 (1.2–2.5) vs. 1.2 (1.0–2.0). Medical students had a more positive attitude toward vaccination than nursing students 4.2 (3.9–4.3) vs. 3.7 (3.3–4.3). In conclusion, predictors of positive attitudes toward vaccination were medical student status and young age.
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Kupcewicz E, Mikla M, Kadučáková H, Grochans E, Valcarcel MDR, Cybulska AM. Correlation between Positive Orientation and Control of Anger, Anxiety and Depression in Nursing Students in Poland, Spain and Slovakia during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:2482. [PMID: 35206674 PMCID: PMC8876154 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
(1) This study analysed the relationship between positive orientation and subjective control of anger, anxiety and depression in nursing students in Poland, Spain and Slovakia during the pandemic. (2) The survey was carried out by the diagnostic survey method in a group of 756 nursing students in Poland, Spain and Slovakia. The empirical data were gathered using an original survey questionnaire, the Positive Orientation Scale and the Courtauld Emotional Control Scale. (3) It was shown that the positive orientation level in Polish students was significantly lower than in students in Spain (p < 0.0001) and Slovakia (p < 0.0001). Low results for positive orientation were obtained in nearly half (47.18%) of the respondents in the Polish sample, whereas it was 34.18% and 31.18% in the Spanish and Slovak samples, respectively (p < 0.0001). A positive orientation was the most important predictor of emotional control among the nursing students at all the sites (p < 0.0001). (4) Positive orientation has been shown to have a significant impact on emotional control in nursing students during the pandemic. Therefore, it is important to carefully monitor students' mental health during the pandemic to determine the demand for psychological and emotional support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kupcewicz
- Department of Nursing, Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Marzena Mikla
- Department of Nursing, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (M.M.); (M.D.R.V.)
| | - Helena Kadučáková
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Catholic University in Ruzomberok, 034-01 Ruzomberok, Slovakia;
| | - Elżbieta Grochans
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland;
| | | | - Anna Maria Cybulska
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland;
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