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Jolly A, Barnech ML, Duarte JJ, Suhevic J, Jar AM, Mundo SL. Evidence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis binding to albumin: technical and biological implications. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:271-278. [PMID: 37656341 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10192-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Albumin binding ability is a well-characterized feature of many bacteria. To the best of our knowledge, there are no previous reports about this ability among mycobacteria, even when bovine serum albumin (BSA) is a common component of supplements used for the enrichment of synthetic media for mycobacterial growth in vitro and also of buffers used in laboratory techniques. In this work we explored the albumin binding ability of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), a pathogenic bacterium causing a known and relevant ruminant disease worldwide, by immunizing rabbits with MAP (grown in media containing or not BSA) or BSA and conducting ELISA and immunoblot experiments with the obtained sera. As a result, we found that MAP can bind BSA when cultured in a conventional BSA-containing medium and when incubated for a short time in the presence of the protein. We also evaluated the host specificity of MAP interaction with albumin and found a preference for the protein of bovine origin when compared with its horse and rabbit homologs. Considerations about its technical and biological implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Jolly
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Cátedra de Inmunología, (0054) 11-5287-2155, Av. Chorroarín 280, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1427CWO, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - María Laura Barnech
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Cátedra de Inmunología, (0054) 11-5287-2155, Av. Chorroarín 280, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1427CWO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan José Duarte
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Cátedra de Inmunología, (0054) 11-5287-2155, Av. Chorroarín 280, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1427CWO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge Suhevic
- Escuela de Educación Técnico Profesional de nivel medio en Producción Agropecuaria y Agroalimentaria, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. Chorroarín 280, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1427CWO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana María Jar
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Cátedra de Inmunología, (0054) 11-5287-2155, Av. Chorroarín 280, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1427CWO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Leonor Mundo
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Cátedra de Inmunología, (0054) 11-5287-2155, Av. Chorroarín 280, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1427CWO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET, Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (INPA), Av. Chorroarín 280, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1427CWO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Criado M, Pérez V, Arteche-Villasol N, Elguezabal N, Molina E, Benavides J, Gutiérrez-Expósito D. Evaluation of the innate immune response of caprine neutrophils against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in vitro. Vet Res 2023; 54:61. [PMID: 37464437 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-023-01193-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils constitute an essential component of the innate immune response, readily killing most bacteria through phagocytosis, degranulation, and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) among other mechanisms. These cells play an unclear role in mycobacterial infections such as Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map), the etiological agent of paratuberculosis, and its response is particularly understudied in ruminants. Herein, a wide set of techniques were adapted, or newly developed, to study the in vitro response of caprine neutrophils after Map infection. Immunofluorescence was used to demonstrate, simultaneously, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, degranulation, and NETs. The quantification of neutrophil phagocytic activity against Map at a 1:10 multiplicity of infection (MOI), through flow cytometry, showed values that varied from 4.54 to 5.63% of phagocyting neutrophils. By immunofluorescence, a 73.3 ± 14.5% of the fields showed NETs, and the mean release of DNA, attributable to NETosis, calculated through a fluorometric method, was 16.2 ± 3.5%. In addition, the RNA expression of TGF-β, TNF and IL-1β cytokines, measured through reverse transcription qPCR, was significantly higher in the two latter. Overall, neutrophil response was proportional to the number of bacteria. This work confirms that the simultaneous study of several neutrophil mechanisms, and the combination of different methodologies, are essential to reach a comprehensive understanding of neutrophil response against pathogens, demonstrates that, in vitro, caprine neutrophils display a strong innate response against Map, using their entire repertoire of effector functions, and sets the basis for further in vitro and in vivo studies on the role of neutrophils in paratuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Criado
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Grulleros, León, Spain.
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071, León, Spain.
| | - Valentín Pérez
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Grulleros, León, Spain
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Noive Arteche-Villasol
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Grulleros, León, Spain
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Natalia Elguezabal
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, NEIKER-BRTA, Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario, 48160, Derio, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Elena Molina
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, NEIKER-BRTA, Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario, 48160, Derio, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Julio Benavides
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - Daniel Gutiérrez-Expósito
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Grulleros, León, Spain
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071, León, Spain
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Hatate K, Rice JH, Parker K, Wu JJ, Turner A, Stabel JR, Eda S. Electrochemical Detection of Serum Antibodies Against Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:642833. [PMID: 33791354 PMCID: PMC8006348 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.642833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) causes a chronic inflammatory intestinal disease, called Johne's disease (JD) in many ruminants. In the dairy industry, JD is responsible for significant economic losses due to decreased milk production and premature culling of infected animals. Test-and-cull strategy in conjunction with risk management is currently recommended for JD control in dairy herds. However, current diagnostic tests are labor-intensive, time-consuming, and/or too difficult to operate on site. In this study, we developed a new method for the detection of anti-M. paratuberculosis antibodies from sera of M. paratuberculosis-infected animals. M. paratuberculosis antigen-coated magnetic beads were sequentially reacted with bovine serum followed by a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled secondary antibody. The reaction of HRP with its substrate was then quantitatively measured electrochemically using a redox-active probe, ferrocyanide. After optimization of electrochemical conditions and concentration of the redox-active probe, we showed that the new electrochemical detection method could distinguish samples of M. paratuberculosis-infected cattle from those of uninfected cattle with greater separation between the two groups of samples when compared with a conventional colorimetric testing method. Since electrochemical detection can be conducted with an inexpensive, battery-operated portable device, this new method may form a basis for the development of an on-site diagnostic system for JD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Hatate
- Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - J Hunter Rice
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Karsten Parker
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - J Jayne Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Amy Turner
- Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Judith R Stabel
- Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Shigetoshi Eda
- Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States.,Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
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Cossu D, Yokoyama K, Sakanishi T, Kuwahara-Arai K, Momotani E, Hattori N. A mucosal immune response induced by oral administration of heat-killed Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis exacerbates EAE. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 352:577477. [PMID: 33454553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Findings in humans and animals have demonstrated a potential role for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) antigenic components in encephalitogenic T cell activation. Here we reported that oral administration of MAP activates the mucosal immunity and exacerbates active experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in C57BL/6J mice, modulating the immune cell traffic from secondary lymphoid organs to central nervous system. The detection of antigenic mycobacterial components by intestinal antigen-presenting cells may modulate the immune system and the subsequent inflammatory status through various signaling mechanisms, including the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines involved in EAE pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Cossu
- Juntendo University, Department of Neurology, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan; Juntendo University, Advanced Research Institute for Health Science, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Yokoyama
- Juntendo University, Department of Neurology, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan.
| | - Tamami Sakanishi
- Juntendo University, Division of Cell Biology, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan
| | | | - Eiichi Momotani
- Comparative Medical Research Institute, Tsukuba 305-0856, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Juntendo University, Department of Neurology, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan
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