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Farzan M, Abedi B, Bhia I, Madanipour A, Farzan M, Bhia M, Aghaei A, Kheirollahi I, Motallebi M, Amini-Khoei H, Ertas YN. Pharmacological Activities and Molecular Mechanisms of Sinapic Acid in Neurological Disorders. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:2966-2981. [PMID: 39082749 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Sinapic acid (SA) is a phenylpropanoid derivative found in various natural sources that exhibits remarkable versatile properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and metal-chelating capabilities, establishing itself as a promising candidate for the prevention and treatment of conditions affecting the central nervous system, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), ischemic stroke, and other neurological disorders. These effects also include neuroprotection in epilepsy models, as evidenced by a reduction in seizure-like behavior, cell death in specific hippocampal regions, and lowered neuroinflammatory markers. In AD, SA treatment enhances memory, reverses cognitive deficits, and attenuates astrocyte activation. SA also has positive effects on cognition by improving memory and lowering oxidative stress. This is shown by lower levels of oxidative stress markers, higher levels of antioxidant enzyme activity, and better memory retention. Additionally, in ischemic stroke and PD models, SA provides microglial protection and exerts anti-inflammatory effects. This review emphasizes SA's multifaceted neuroprotective properties and its potential role in the prevention and treatment of various brain disorders. Despite the need for further research to fully understand its mechanisms of action and clinical applicability, SA stands out as a valuable bioactive compound in the ongoing quest to combat neurodegenerative diseases and enhance the quality of life for affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahan Farzan
- Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord 8815713471, Iran
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord 8815783657, Iran
| | - Behnaz Abedi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | - Iman Bhia
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran
| | - Atossa Madanipour
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj 3146883811, Iran
| | - Mahour Farzan
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord 8815783657, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bhia
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1996835113, Iran
| | - Ava Aghaei
- Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord 8815713471, Iran
| | - Iman Kheirollahi
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673441, Iran
| | - Mahzad Motallebi
- Nanomedicine Research Association (NRA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 7616911319, Iran
| | - Hossein Amini-Khoei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord 8815783657, Iran
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department of Technical Sciences, Western Caspian University, AZ1001 Baku, Azerbaijan
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Liu H, Jiang M, Chen Z, Li C, Yin X, Zhang X, Wu M. The Role of the Complement System in Synaptic Pruning after Stroke. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0373. [PMID: 39012667 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a serious disease that can lead to local neurological dysfunction and cause great harm to the patient's health due to blood cerebral circulation disorder. Synaptic pruning is critical for the normal development of the human brain, which makes the synaptic circuit completer and more efficient by removing redundant synapses. The complement system is considered a key player in synaptic loss and cognitive impairment in neurodegenerative disease. After stroke, the complement system is over-activated, and complement proteins can be labeled on synapses. Microglia and astrocytes can recognize and engulf synapses through corresponding complement receptors. Complement-mediated excessive synaptic pruning can cause post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) and secondary brain damage. This review summarizes the latest progress of complement-mediated synaptic pruning after stroke and the potential mechanisms. Targeting complement-mediated synaptic pruning may be essential for exploring therapeutic strategies for secondary brain injury (SBI) and neurological dysfunction after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Zhiying Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Chuan Li
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Xiaoping Yin
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhang
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Moxin Wu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, 332000, China
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Guo Y, Cui Y, Sun M, Zhu X, Zhang Y, Lu J, Li C, Lv J, Guo M, Liu X, Chen Z, Du X, Huo X. Establishment and Application of a Novel Genetic Detection Panel for SNPs in Mongolian Gerbils. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:817. [PMID: 38927752 PMCID: PMC11202554 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The Mongolian gerbil is a distinctive experimental animal in China, as its genetic qualities possess significant value in the field of medical biology research. Here, we aimed to establish an economical and efficient panel for genetic quality detection in Mongolian gerbils using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. To search for SNPs, we conducted whole-genome sequencing (WGS) in 40 Mongolian gerbils from outbred populations. Reliable screening criteria were established to preliminarily select SNPs with a wide genome distribution and high levels of polymorphism. Subsequently, a multiple-target regional capture detection system based on second-generation sequencing was developed for SNP genotyping. Based on the results of WGS, 219 SNPs were preliminarily selected, and they were established and optimized in a multiple-amplification system that included 206 SNP loci by genotyping three outbred populations. PopGen.32 analysis revealed that the average effective allele number, Shannon index, observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity, average heterozygosity, polymorphism information content, and other population genetic parameters of the Capital Medical University (CMU) gerbils were the highest, followed by those of Zhejiang gerbils and Dalian gerbils. Through scientific screening and optimization, we successfully established a novel, robust, and cost-effective genetic detection system for Mongolian gerbils by utilizing SNP markers for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafang Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yutong Cui
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Minghe Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yilang Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jing Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Changlong Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jianyi Lv
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Meng Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zhenwen Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaoyan Du
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xueyun Huo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, China
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Choi YK. Detrimental Roles of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α in Severe Hypoxic Brain Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4465. [PMID: 38674050 PMCID: PMC11050730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia stabilizes hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), facilitating adaptation to hypoxic conditions. Appropriate hypoxia is pivotal for neurovascular regeneration and immune cell mobilization. However, in central nervous system (CNS) injury, prolonged and severe hypoxia harms the brain by triggering neurovascular inflammation, oxidative stress, glial activation, vascular damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell death. Diminished hypoxia in the brain improves cognitive function in individuals with CNS injuries. This review discusses the current evidence regarding the contribution of severe hypoxia to CNS injuries, with an emphasis on HIF-1α-mediated pathways. During severe hypoxia in the CNS, HIF-1α facilitates inflammasome formation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell death. This review presents the molecular mechanisms by which HIF-1α is involved in the pathogenesis of CNS injuries, such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, and Alzheimer's disease. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms of HIF-1α will contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies for severe hypoxic brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Kyung Choi
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Faustino-Rocha AI, Oliveira PA. Editorial: Special Issue "Addressing New Therapeutic Strategies Using Models". Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10030230. [PMID: 36977269 PMCID: PMC10052784 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10030230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A disease model displays pathological processes observed in human or animal diseases [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Faustino-Rocha
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Zootechnics, School of Sciences and Technology, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Center, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Paula A Oliveira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Fan XY, Shi G, Feng J, Jian LY. DNA hypomethylation promotes learning and memory recovery in a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:863-868. [PMID: 36204855 PMCID: PMC9700107 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.353494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury impairs learning and memory in patients. Studies have shown that synaptic function is involved in the formation and development of memory, and that DNA methylation plays a key role in the regulation of learning and memory. To investigate the role of DNA hypomethylation in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, in this study, we established a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and then treated the rats with intraperitoneal 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine, an inhibitor of DNA methylation. Our results showed that 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine markedly improved the neurological function, and cognitive, social and spatial memory abilities, and dose-dependently increased the synaptic density and the expression of SYP and SHANK2 proteins in the hippocampus in a dose-dependent manner in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. The effects of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine were closely related to its reduction of genomic DNA methylation and DNA methylation at specific sites of the Syp and Shank2 genes in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. These findings suggest that inhibition of DNA methylation by 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine promotes the recovery of learning and memory impairment in a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. These results provide theoretical evidence for stroke treatment using epigenetic methods.
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Calderazzo S, Covert M, Alba DD, Bowley BE, Pessina MA, Rosene DL, Buller B, Medalla M, Moore TL. Neural recovery after cortical injury: Effects of MSC derived extracellular vesicles on motor circuit remodeling in rhesus monkeys. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2022; 13:243-254. [PMID: 36590089 PMCID: PMC9795302 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Reorganization of motor circuits in the cortex and corticospinal tract are thought to underlie functional recovery after cortical injury, but the mechanisms of neural plasticity that could be therapeutic targets remain unclear. Recent work from our group have shown that systemic treatment with mesenchymal stem cell derived (MSCd) extracellular vesicles (EVs) administered after cortical damage to the primary motor cortex (M1) of rhesus monkeys resulted in a robust recovery of fine motor function and reduced chronic inflammation. Here, we used immunohistochemistry for cfos, an activity-dependent intermediate early gene, to label task-related neurons in the surviving primary motor and premotor cortices, and markers of axonal and synaptic plasticity in the spinal cord. Compared to vehicle, EV treatment was associated with a greater density of cfos+ pyramidal neurons in the deep layers of M1, greater density of cfos+ inhibitory interneurons in premotor areas, and lower density of synapses on MAP2+ lower motor neurons in the cervical spinal cord. These data suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of EVs may reduce injury-related upper motor neuron damage and hyperexcitability, as well as aberrant compensatory re-organization in the cervical spinal cord to improve motor function.
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Key Words
- CB, Calbindin
- CR, Calretinin
- CSC, Cervical Spinal Cord
- Circuit Remodeling
- Cortical Injury
- DH, Dorsal Horn
- EVs, Extracellular Vesicles
- Extracellular Vesicles
- Ischemia
- LCST, Lateral Corticospinal Tract
- M1, Primary Motor Cortex
- MAP2, Microtubule Associated Protein 2
- MSCd, Mesenchymal Stem Cell derived
- Motor Cortex
- NHP, Non-Human Primate
- PV, Parvalbumin
- Plasticity
- ROS, Reactive Oxygen Species
- SYN, Synaptophysin
- Stem Cell-Based Treatments
- VH, Ventral Horn
- dPMC, dorsal Premotor Cortex
- miRNA, Micro RNA
- periM1, Perilesional Primary Motor Cortex
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Douglas L. Rosene
- Anatomy and Neurobiology Dept, BUSM, USA,Center for Systems Neuroscience, BU, USA
| | | | - Maria Medalla
- Anatomy and Neurobiology Dept, BUSM, USA,Center for Systems Neuroscience, BU, USA
| | - Tara L. Moore
- Anatomy and Neurobiology Dept, BUSM, USA,Center for Systems Neuroscience, BU, USA
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Lee CH, Lee TK, Kim DW, Lim SS, Kang IJ, Ahn JH, Park JH, Lee JC, Kim CH, Park Y, Won MH, Choi SY. Relationship between Neuronal Damage/Death and Astrogliosis in the Cerebral Motor Cortex of Gerbil Models of Mild and Severe Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095096. [PMID: 35563487 PMCID: PMC9100252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal loss (death) occurs selectively in vulnerable brain regions after ischemic insults. Astrogliosis is accompanied by neuronal death. It can change the molecular expression and morphology of astrocytes following ischemic insults. However, little is known about cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury that can variously lead to damage of astrocytes according to the degree of ischemic injury, which is related to neuronal damage/death. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between damage to cortical neurons and astrocytes using gerbil models of mild and severe transient forebrain ischemia induced by blocking the blood supply to the forebrain for five or 15 min. Significant ischemia tFI-induced neuronal death occurred in the deep layers (layers V and VI) of the motor cortex: neuronal death occurred earlier and more severely in gerbils with severe ischemia than in gerbils with mild ischemia. Distinct astrogliosis was detected in layers V and VI. It gradually increased with time after both ischemiae. The astrogliosis was significantly higher in severe ischemia than in mild ischemia. The ischemia-induced increase of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP; a maker of astrocyte) expression in severe ischemia was significantly higher than that in mild ischemia. However, GFAP-immunoreactive astrocytes were apparently damaged two days after both ischemiae. At five days after ischemiae, astrocyte endfeet around capillary endothelial cells were severely ruptured. They were more severely ruptured by severe ischemia than by mild ischemia. However, the number of astrocytes stained with S100 was significantly higher in severe ischemia than in mild ischemia. These results indicate that the degree of astrogliosis, including the disruption (loss) of astrocyte endfeet following ischemia and reperfusion in the forebrain, might depend on the severity of ischemia and that the degree of ischemia-induced neuronal damage may be associated with the degree of astrogliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choong-Hyun Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea;
| | - Tae-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (T.-K.L.); (S.S.L.); (I.J.K.)
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangnung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Korea;
| | - Soon Sung Lim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (T.-K.L.); (S.S.L.); (I.J.K.)
| | - Il Jun Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (T.-K.L.); (S.S.L.); (I.J.K.)
| | - Ji Hyeon Ahn
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Youngsan University, Yangsan 50510, Korea;
| | - Joon Ha Park
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea;
| | - Jae-Chul Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Choong-Hyo Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24289, Korea;
| | - Yoonsoo Park
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24289, Korea;
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
- Correspondence: (M.-H.W.); (S.Y.C.)
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-H.W.); (S.Y.C.)
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