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Mert BK, Kasapoğulları D. A case study of using artificial neural networks to predict heavy metal pollution in Lake Iznik. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:586. [PMID: 38809274 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12730-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Artificial neural networks offer a viable route in assessing and understanding the presence and concentration of heavy metals that can cause dangerous complications in the wider context of water quality prediction for the sustainability of the ecosystem. In order to estimate the heavy metal concentrations in Iznik Lake, which is an important water source for the surrounding communities, characterization data were taken from five different water sources flowing into the lake between 2015 and 2021. These characterization results were evaluated with IBM SPSS Statistics 23 software, with the addition of the lake water quality system. For this purpose, seven distinct physicochemical parameters were measured and monitored in Karasu, Kırandere, Olukdere and Sölöz water sources flowing into the lake, to serve as input data. Concentration levels of 15 distinct heavy metals in Karsak Stream originating from the lake were as the output. Specifically, Sn for Karasu (0.999), Sb for Kırandere (1.000), Cr for Olukdere (1.000) and Pb and Se for Sölöz (0.995) indicate parameter estimation R2 coefficients close to 1.000. Sn stands out as the common heavy metal parameter with best estimation prospects. Given the importance of the independent variable in estimating heavy metal pollution, conductivity, COD, COD and temperature stood out as the most effective parameters for Karasu, Olukdere, Kırandere and Sölöz, respectively. The ANN model emerges as a good prediction tool that can be used effectively in determining the heavy metal pollution in the lake as part of the efforts to protect the water budget of Lake Iznik and to eliminate the existing pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berna Kırıl Mert
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey.
| | - Deniz Kasapoğulları
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
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Deng P, Lin K, Yuan W, Gomez MA, She J, Yu S, Sun M, Liu Y, Wang J, Chen D, Liu J. Risk assessment and strontium isotopic tracing of potentially toxic metals in creek sediments around a uranium mine, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 353:141597. [PMID: 38432466 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The contamination of creek sediments near industrially nuclear dominated site presents significant environmental challenges, particularly in identifying and quantifying potentially toxic metal (loid)s (PTMs). This study aims to measure the extent of contamination and apportion related sources for nine PTMs in alpine creek sediments near a typical uranium tailing dam from China, including strontium (Sr), rubidium (Rb), manganese (Mn), lithium (Li), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), vanadium (V), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), using multivariate statistical approach and Sr isotopic compositions. The results show varying degrees of contamination in the sediments for some PTMs, i.e., Sr (16.1-39.6 mg/kg), Rb (171-675 mg/kg), Mn (224-2520 mg/kg), Li (11.6-78.8 mg/kg), Cd (0.31-1.38 mg/kg), and Zn (37.1-176 mg/kg). Multivariate statistical analyses indicate that Sr, Rb, Li, and Mn originated from the uranium tailing dam, while Cd and Zn were associated with abandoned agricultural activities, and Ni, Cu, and V were primarily linked to natural bedrock weathering. The Sr isotope fingerprint technique further suggests that 48.22-73.84% of Sr and associated PTMs in the sediments potentially derived from the uranium tailing dam. The combined use of multivariate statistical analysis and Sr isotopic fingerprint technique in alpine creek sediments enables more reliable insights into PTMs-induced pollution scenarios. The findings also offer unique perspectives for understanding and managing aqueous environments impacted by nuclear activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyuan Deng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Lin
- Earth Observatory of Singapore and Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Wenhuan Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mario Alberto Gomez
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingye She
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengqing Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanyi Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Diyun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the PRD, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.
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Tekin-Özan S, Tunç M, Bakioğlu-Acar B. Evaluation of some heavy metals and selenium pollution in Karataş Lake (Burdur/Türkiye) using various pollution indices and statistical analysis. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 199:115927. [PMID: 38141580 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Wetland face environmental problems due to some reasons such as drought, rapid population and rapid developments in technology. Karataş Lake is located within the Lakes Region in Türkiye and has also of great economically, ecologically and ornithologically importance. Unfortunately, it completely dried out in 2021 due to sufficient rainfall, groundwater withdrawal and global climate change. In 2022, the lake started to hold water again. This study is important because it is one of the last studies before the lake dries up and first study to evaluate some heavy metals and selenium pollution using some indices. In this study, which was carried out between October 2019-July 2020, some heavy metals and selenium concentrations were determined in water of Karataş Lake seasonally and evaluated pollution degree of lake water using some indices and statistical analysis. Water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity and dissolved oxygen levels were measured in situ using YSI 556 MPS. For heavy metal analysis, water samples were taken, acidified to a pH of <2, stored at 4 °C and analyzed directly using ICP-OES (Agilent 5110). Pb and Se in all seasons were below detection limit. The analyzed metals sorted as; Cd < Mo < Cr < Cu < Mn < Zn < Ni < Fe. Generally, heavy metals were increased in autumn and decreased in spring. According to some water quality standards for drinking water, Fe levels were higher than the permissible levels for drinking water in all seasons (TSE, 2005; EPA, 2018; EU, 2020), Mn in autumn (TSE, 2005; EPA, 2018; EU, 2020), Ni in autumn and summer (TSE, 2005; EU, 2020). Water Quality Index (WQI), Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI) and Heavy Metal Evaluation Index (HEI) values were calculated in Karataş Lake to determine pollution degree. Depend on WQI results, lake water was in good category in autumn, winter and spring while poor category in summer. The lake water samples based on HPI and HEI values are in the low contamination category. The lake is still struggling with environmental problems. If necessary precautions are not taken for the future of the lake, the lake may dry out again. The results of this study will help the authorities in terms of preventing re-drying, sustainability of the lake and management of the region. This study will be also a reference for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selda Tekin-Özan
- Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, Isparta, Türkiye.
| | - Meryem Tunç
- Süleyman Demirel University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Biology, Isparta, Türkiye
| | - Bilge Bakioğlu-Acar
- Süleyman Demirel University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Biology, Isparta, Türkiye
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Khalil MM, Aboueldahab SM, Abdel-Raheem KHM, Ahmed M, Ahmed MS, Abdelhady AA. Mixed agricultural, industrial, and domestic drainage water discharge poses a massive strain on freshwater ecosystems: a case from the Nile River in Upper Egypt. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:122642-122662. [PMID: 37973780 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30994-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal and pesticide pollution of freshwater ecosystems, i.e., rivers, raises significant concerns worldwide, where practical solutions to reduce the threats become urgent need. Heavy metals and pesticides are top of the list of environmental toxicants endangering nature; therefore, pesticides and heavy metals were measured at 10 stations along the Al-Zennar agricultural drain and the Nile River at Assiut city in Upper Egypt, to assess potential negative impact on the water/sediment's quality. The sediment of the streambed is a sink for pesticides and heavy metals, where both water and sediments have higher contamination factor (CF) for Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, and Zn. In addition, the Nile water is highly contaminated by PCBs. The distance to the point source and hydrodynamics (flow rate and stream gradient) has major influences in pollutant concentrations as indicated by regression models. Dilution effect and rapid sedimentation may comment on the lower concentrations of the pollutants in the Nile comparatively to the drain and on the water comparatively to the sediments. The physiochemistry of the stations has minor effect on the metal/pesticide concentration, where the variable importance of projection (VIP) of the partial least square model indicated that total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), SO42-, and BOD/TOC/COD are the main contributors to the metal/pesticide concentration. Concentrations were not correlated between water and sediment suggesting a historical accumulation in sediments and temporal variation in the pollution load in the Al-Zennar drain. Bray-Curtis clustering confirmed that heavy metals have the same anthropogenic source in contrast to natural source of both Mn and Fe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M Khalil
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Al-Minya, 61519, Egypt.
| | - Sherif M Aboueldahab
- Environmental Quality Management, Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA), Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed Ahmed
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Drive, Corpus Christi, TX, 78412, USA
| | - Mohamed S Ahmed
- Geology and Geophysics Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Abdelhady
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Al-Minya, 61519, Egypt
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Nasiruddin M, Islam ARMT, Siddique MAB, Hasanuzaman M, Hassan MM, Akbor MA, Hasan M, Islam MS, Khan R, Al Amin M, Pal SC, Idris AM, Kumar S. Distribution, sources, and pollution levels of toxic metal(loid)s in an urban river (Ichamati), Bangladesh using SOM and PMF modeling with GIS tool. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:20934-20958. [PMID: 36264457 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23617-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Indexical assessment coupled with a self-organizing map (SOM) and positive matrix factorization (PMF) modeling of toxic metal(loid)s in sediment and water of the aquatic environment provides valuable information from the environmental management perspective. However, in northwest Bangladesh, indexical and modeling assessments of toxic metal(loid)s in surface water and sediment are still rare. Toxic metal(loid)s were measured in sediment and surface water from an urban polluted river (Ichamati) in northwest Bangladesh using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer to assess distribution, pollution levels, sources, and potential environmental risks to the aquatic environment. The mean concentrations (mg/kg) of metal(loid)s in water are as follows: Fe (871) > Mn (382) > Cr (72.4) > Zn (34.2) > Co (20.8) > Pb (17.6) > Ni (16.7) > Ag (14.9) > As (9.0) > Cu (5.63) > Cd (2.65), while in sediment, the concentration follows the order, Fe (18,725) > Mn (551) > Zn (213) > Cu (47.6) > Cr (30.2) > Ni (24.2) > Pb (23.8) > Co (9.61) > As (8.23) > Cd (0.80) > Ag (0.60). All metal concentrations were within standard guideline values except for Cr and Pb for water and Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, and As for sediment. The outcomes of eco-environmental indices, including contamination and enrichment factors and geo-accumulation index, differed spatially, indicating that most of the sediment sites were moderately to highly polluted by Cd, Zn, and As. Cd and Zn content can trigger ecological risks. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) model recognized three probable sources of sediment, i.e., natural source (49.39%), industrial pollution (19.72%), and agricultural source (30.92%), and three possible sources of water, i.e., geogenic source (45.41%), industrial pollution (22.88%), and industrial point source (31.72%), respectively. SOM analysis identified four spatial patterns, e.g., Fe-Mn-Ag, Cd-Cu, Cr-Pb-As-Ni, and Zn-Co in water and three patterns, e.g., Mn-Co-Ni-Cr, Cd-Cu-Pb-Zn, and As-Fe-Ag in sediment. The spatial distribution of entropy water quality index values shows that the southwestern area possesses "poor" quality water. Overall, the levels of metal(loid) pollution in the investigated river surpassed a critical threshold, which might have serious consequences for the river's aquatic biota and human health in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nasiruddin
- Department of Chemistry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Abu Bakar Siddique
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Hasanuzaman
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Bekeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahedi Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ahedul Akbor
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Mehedi Hasan
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Md Al Amin
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Bekeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Subodh Chandra Pal
- Department of Geography, The University of Burdwan, Bardhaman, 713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Abubakr Mustafa Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 62629, Saudi Arabia
| | - Satendra Kumar
- School of Geography, Earth Science and Environment, The University of the South Pacific, Laucala Campus, Private Bag, Suva, Fiji
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Qin Y, Tao Y. Pollution status of heavy metals and metalloids in Chinese lakes: Distribution, bioaccumulation and risk assessment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 248:114293. [PMID: 36403301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Due to intensive human activities, most of Chinese lakes are suffering from the pollution of heavy metals and metalloids. Previous studies on heavy metals and metalloids in Chinese lakes were limited to a few lakes and mainly focused on sediments, to date the knowledge on heavy metals and metalloids in multiple media of Chinese lakes from a national perspective is scarce. We collected the data of nine heavy metals and metalloids including Copper (Cu), Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg), Arsenic (As), Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni), Zinc (Zn), and Manganese (Mn) in water, surface sediments, and fish of 87 Chinese lakes sampled in the period from 2009 to 2019 from the literature, summarized the distribution of heavy metals and metalloids, evaluated their pollution, and apportioned their sources from a national perspective. Concentration of individual heavy metal and metalloid in water, surface sediments, and fish in Chinese lakes was in the ranges of 0.0080-282 μg/L, 0.020-33858 μg/g, and 0.00030-207 μg/g, respectively. 5.6 % and 33.3 % of lake water were polluted by Cd and As. 88.2 %, 78.6 %, and 66 % of lake sediments were polluted by Cd, Hg, and As. 35.3 %, 11.3 %, 52.4 %, and 12.8 % of Cd, Pb, As, and Cr concentrations in lake fish exceeded the food limits. Concentrations of heavy metals and metalloids in fish viscera were higher than those in other organs. Higher partition coefficient and bioaccumulation factors were found for Pb and Cd, Hg and Zn, respectively. Concentrations of heavy metals and metalloids in both water and sediments of lakes in eastern China were higher than those in western China. Concentrations of heavy metals and metalloids in both lake water and sediments of urban lakes were higher than those of rural lakes. Lakes with extremely high ecological risk of heavy metals and metalloids were mainly located in central China and eastern China. Pollution of heavy metals and metalloids in Chinese lakes was closely correlated with regional economic development. Heavy metals and metalloids in Chinese lakes were mainly derived from industrial, domestic, and mixed discharges. Cd and Hg were selected as the heavy metals for priority control in Chinese lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghuan Qin
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China, 210024; Terrestrial Ecology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yuqiang Tao
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China, 210024.
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Shang G, Wang X, Zhu L, Liu S, Li H, Wang Z, Wang B, Zhang Z. Heavy Metal Pollution in Xinfengjiang River Sediment and the Response of Fish Species Abundance to Heavy Metal Concentrations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11087. [PMID: 36078801 PMCID: PMC9518545 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191711087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Xinfengjiang River, the largest tributary of Dongjiang River, plays a key role in the water supply of Heyuan, Huizhou, Guangzhou and even the Pearl River urban agglomeration. It is crucial to determine the pollution status, potential ecological risk degree of heavy metals in Xinfengjiang river sediment and their influence on the abundance of fish species. In this paper, seven heavy metal concentrations in sediment from the Heyuan section of the Xinfengjiang river were investigated. The order of average concentration was: As > Zn > Pb > Cr > Cu > Cd > Hg. The average concentrations of Cd, Zn and Cu in the upper reaches of the Xinfengjiang Reservoir were significantly higher than those in the reservoir. The mean value order of Igeo was: Cd > Zn > Pb > As > Cu > Cr > Hg. Cd and As had the highest ecological risk index and the greatest threat to the ecological environment. Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis demonstrated that the pollution source of heavy metals such as Cu and Cd are much more likely to originate from the mine fields located in the northeast of the sampling sites. In addition, agriculture, electronic industry and domestic sewage also contributed to the concentration of heavy metals in different degrees. Redundancy analysis showed that the abundance of Cypriniformes was negatively correlated with Cu and Cd concentrations, suggesting that mining activities might indirectly affect the abundance of fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxiu Shang
- Key Laboratory of Navigation Structure Construction Technology of Ministry of Transport, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Navigation Structure Construction Technology of Ministry of Transport, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Long Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Navigation Structure Construction Technology of Ministry of Transport, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Laluo Hydro-junction and Irrigation District Administration of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 851414, China
| | - Hongze Li
- Key Laboratory of Navigation Structure Construction Technology of Ministry of Transport, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Navigation Structure Construction Technology of Ministry of Transport, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Navigation Structure Construction Technology of Ministry of Transport, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhengxian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Navigation Structure Construction Technology of Ministry of Transport, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
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Suleiman M, Daugaard U, Choffat Y, Zheng X, Petchey OL. Predicting the effects of multiple global change drivers on microbial communities remains challenging. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:5575-5586. [PMID: 35702894 PMCID: PMC9543831 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Microbial communities in many ecosystems are facing a broad range of global change drivers, such as nutrient enrichment, chemical pollution, and temperature change. These drivers can cause changes in the abundance of taxa, the composition of communities, and the properties of ecosystems. While the influence of single drivers is already described in numerous studies, the effect and predictability of multiple drivers changing simultaneously is still poorly understood. In this study, we used 240 highly replicable oxic/anoxic aquatic lab microcosms and four drivers (fertilizer, glyphosate, metal pollution, antibiotics) in all possible combinations at three different temperatures (20, 24, and 28°C) to shed light into consequences of multiple drivers on different levels of organization, ranging from species abundance to community and ecosystem parameters. We found (i) that at all levels of ecological organization, combinations of drivers can change the biological consequence and direction of effect compared to single drivers, (ii) that effects of combinations are further modified by temperature, (iii) that a larger number of drivers occurring simultaneously is often quite closely related to their effect size, and (iv) that there is little evidence that any of these effects are associated with the level of ecological organization of the state variable. These findings suggest that, at least in this experimental ecosystem approximating a stratified aquatic ecosystem, there may be relatively little scope for predicting the effects of combinations of drivers from the effects of individual drivers, or by accounting for the level of ecological organization in question, though there may be some scope for prediction based on the number of drivers that are occurring simultaneous. A priority, though also a considerable challenge, is to extend such research to consider continuous variation in the magnitude of multiple drivers acting together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Suleiman
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental studiesUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Uriah Daugaard
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental studiesUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Yves Choffat
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental studiesUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Xue Zheng
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental studiesUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Owen L. Petchey
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental studiesUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
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Guo Y, Deng B. Seasonal variation of heavy metals in suspended sediments downstream the Three Gorges Dam in the Yangtze River. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:660. [PMID: 35945328 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10337-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
High sediment flux in large rivers provide sufficient dilution to the heavy metals' concentration. However, sediment starvation caused by hydrological engineering in recent decades has been reported worldwide. Thus, a study is necessary on the influences of recent declining sediment flux on heavy metal pollution change in the suspended sediments. In this study, heavy metal concentrations and speciation (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Co, Ni, and Cr) in suspended sediments were investigated downstream the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) during dry and flood seasons. Substantial changes of Pb, Zn, Cd, and Cu along the river channel were found which were constrained by the dilution efficiency of suspended sediment during the dry season. High proportion of labile fraction revealed anthropogenic sources of heavy metal. Moreover, the historical trend of metal content illustrated TGD construction together with anthropogenic influx both contribute to the increasing environmental risk in the Yangtze River basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Bing Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, 519080, China.
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Spatial distribution and source identification for heavy metals in surface sediments of East Dongting Lake, China. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7940. [PMID: 35562582 PMCID: PMC9106674 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12148-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Dongting Lake is one of the most important inland freshwater lakes in China. To investigate the spatial distribution and seasonal variation characteristics of heavy metals (Cr, Co, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) in the lake, 53 surface sediment samples were collected in the East Dongting Lake (ED Lake) in the wet and dry seasons. Results show Cr, Co, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb contents were 1.7 (1.9), 1.8 (2.0), 2.9 (3.0), 1.9 (1.9), 11.7 (13.1), and 2.0 (2.2)-fold of their geochemical soil background values of Hunan province (China) in the wet (dry) season. Spatial and seasonal heterogeneity could be found in the distribution of Cr, Co, Cu, Zn, and Pb in the surface sediments. The enrichment factor (EF) suggested that Cd has reached severe enrichment in the sediment. The result of the geo-accumulation index (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${I}_{geo}$$\end{document}Igeo) indicated that Cr, Co, Cu, Zn, and Pb were at levels corresponding to low contamination, and moderately to highly polluted with Cd. Multivariate statistical analysis including pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis was used for the identification of potential sources of the heavy metals in the sediments. The results showed that Cu, Zn, and Pb from the sediments of the East Dongting Lake in the wet and dry seasons were possibly anthropogenic sources, such as emissions from mining and smelting while Al, Fe, and Cr are attributed for natural sources. Cd enrichment in the sediments is influenced by both natural factors, and human activities in local areas.
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Environmental Assessment Impact of Acid Mine Drainage from Kizel Coal Basin on the Kosva Bay of the Kama Reservoir (Perm Krai, Russia). WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14050727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The Kosva Bay is permanently affected by acid mine drainage (AMD) from Kizel Coal Basin in the Perm Krai of Russia. This discharge is released in the middle part of the Kosva River from the abandoned mines. This study investigates the current trace element (TE) concentrations for Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, Cr, Cd, As, and Hg and the mineral composition, major oxides, grain size of sediments, and acute toxicity using two test organisms within the site of AMD downstream from the Kosva River and up to the Kosva Bay of Kama Reservoir. The objectives of this study were to analyze the quality of sediment and level pollution of Kosva Bay using pollution and ecotoxicological indices. The environmental indices, namely the contamination factor (CF), the geoaccumulation index (Igeo), and the potential ecological risk factor (Eri), indicate contamination by Cr and Pb in sediments at the site of AMD, with the highest values for Cr, Cu, and As in the Kosva Bay sediments downstream of abandoned coal mines. The results of Igeo and CF average values in bay of sediments showed different degrees of contamination, from moderate contamination to considerable contamination, respectively. According to the potential ecological risk index (RI) values, the Kosva Bay sediments exhibited low to moderate risk, and As and Cd have the highest contribution rate. According to LAWA and the Polish geochemical classification of sediments, sediments of the bay correspond to the highest levels (IV–III classes) for Cr, Ni, and Hg. Based on the SQGC, Hg, Cd, Cr, and Ni are the most probable for resulting in adverse effects on aquatic organisms in this study. The results of this study indicate that complex pollution and ecotoxicological indices must be supported by ecotoxicologal tests. High precipitation totals, low evaporation rates, and flow regulation stream by the Shirokovsky Reservoir located upstream from abandoned coal mines provide significant fluctuations in streamflow, which is probably the most important factor controlling the distribution and mobility of TE in the studied sediments.
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Lipy EP, Hakim M, Mohanta LC, Islam D, Lyzu C, Roy DC, Jahan I, Akhter S, Raknuzzaman M, Abu Sayed M. Assessment of Heavy Metal Concentration in Water, Sediment and Common Fish Species of Dhaleshwari River in Bangladesh and their Health Implications. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:4295-4307. [PMID: 33491165 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02552-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study emphasized on evaluating the extent of pollution of Dhaleshwari River in Bangladesh due to the discharge of heavy metals from tanneries and other industries along with the health risks associated with the consumption of the heavy metals accumulated fish. For this purpose, three spots of Dhaleshwari River which are in the vicinity of the industrial outlet were selected for evaluating the seasonal status of heavy metals in water, sediment, and organs of three common fish species. Average concentrations of metals in water and sediment were in the order of Cr > Cd > Pb > Cu > As and Cr > Pb > Cu > As > Cd respectively. The average HM concentrations in water and sediment exceeded WHO and USEPA standards suggesting serious pollution to the aquatic environment. In fish organs, metal concentrations were in the order of Cu > Cr > Pb > Cd > As. Accumulation was highest in gills and lowest in muscles. Fish muscles had a relatively higher concentration of heavy metals (except As) exceeding the safe limits of FAO and WHO. Seasonal variation was also observed in water for all metals (p < 0.01), in sediment for Cu and As (p < 0.05), and in fish for Cr, Cd, and Cu (p < 0.05); higher concentrations were observed in winter. Bioconcentration factor analysis indicated that Cu, Pb, and Cr were more concentrated in fish. Health risk assessment reveals that the carcinogenic risk of Cr is associated with the consumption of contaminated fish species of the studied area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evena Parvin Lipy
- Biomedical and Toxicological Research Institute, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dr. Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Mahmuda Hakim
- Biomedical and Toxicological Research Institute, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dr. Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh.
| | - Liton Chandra Mohanta
- Biomedical and Toxicological Research Institute, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dr. Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Dipa Islam
- Biomedical and Toxicological Research Institute, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dr. Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Chadni Lyzu
- Biomedical and Toxicological Research Institute, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dr. Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Dipankar Chandra Roy
- Biomedical and Toxicological Research Institute, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dr. Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Iffat Jahan
- BCSIR Laboratories Dhaka, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dr. Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Samina Akhter
- Biomedical and Toxicological Research Institute, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dr. Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Raknuzzaman
- Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka, Nilkhet Rd, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Sayed
- Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka, Nilkhet Rd, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
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Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution Levels in Sediments and of Ecological Risk by Quality Indices, Applying a Case Study: The Lower Danube River, Romania. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13131801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It is a well–known fact that heavy metal pollution in sediments causes serious problems not only in the Danube basin, but also in the large and small adjacent river streams. A suitable method for assessing the level of heavy metals and their toxicity in sediments is the calculation of pollution indices. The present research aims to assess heavy metal pollution in the Lower Danube surface sediments collected along the Danube course (between 180 and 60 km) up to the point where the Danube River flows into the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization—UNESCO, protected area). In addition, this monitored area is one of the largest European hydrographic basins. Five heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cu) were analyzed in two different seasons, i.e., the autumn of 2018 and the spring of 2019, using the Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP– MS) technique. Our assessment of heavy metal pollution revealed two correlated aspects: 1. a determination of the potential risks of heavy metals in sediments by calculating the Potential Ecological Risk Index (RI), and 2. an evaluation of the influence of anthropogenic activities on the level of heavy metal contamination in the surface sediments, using three specific pollution indices, namely, the Geo–Accumulation Index (Igeo), the Contamination Factor (CF), and the Pollution Load Index (PLI). The results of this pioneering research activity in the region highlighted the presence of moderate metal (Ni and Cd) pollution and a low potential ecological risk for the aquatic environment.
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Wan X, Yang T, Zhang Q, Yan X, Hu C, Sun L, Zheng Y. A novel comprehensive model of set pair analysis with extenics for river health evaluation and prediction of semi-arid basin - A case study of Wei River Basin, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 775:145845. [PMID: 33631562 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The accelerated development of urbanization in semi-arid areas is easy to cause varying degrees of disturbance to its fragile aquatic ecosystem. To find a general method for assessing the health status in semi-arid basins in China, and to provide theoretical basis for river health management and sustainable development, this study is that health evaluation index system is established in the Wei River Basin, covering a huge semi-arid area, and analyzed the biological structure of plankton obtained by field sampling and identified in laboratory, chemical conditions including dissolved oxygen, water temperature, ammonia nitrogen, pH, chlorophyll and other water physical and chemical factors determined by field instruments and sediment heavy metals analyzed in laboratory, physical habitat scored on site and social factors including water resource utilization rate and water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP collected in local water resource bulletin. Based on the idea of game theory, an improved coupling model of set pair analysis with extenics is established to assess and predict health. The results show that Wei River System and Jing River System are healthy, Beiluo River System is sub-healthy, and the whole Wei River Basin is also healthy; most of the cross-sections have a tendency to change to a bad level. Compared with simple weighting, set pair analysis and variable fuzzy set methods based on the corresponding sampling data and the weight in this paper, the coupling model can explain the transition and its trend between levels, reflect the certainty and uncertainty, and get more accurate results. It is suggested that daily monitoring and management should be strengthened in most sections to improve their health. And improve the development level of ecological function and social service function, give priority to the development of downstream water resources economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhao Wan
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuerong Yan
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Changtong Hu
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Laikang Sun
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwen Zheng
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Muhammad S, Usman QA. Heavy metal contamination in water of Indus River and its tributaries, Northern Pakistan: evaluation for potential risk and source apportionment. TOXIN REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2021.1882499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Said Muhammad
- National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
- Department of Earth Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Qazi Ahmed Usman
- Department of Earth Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Fang X, Peng B, Song Z, Wu S, Chen D, Zhao Y, Liu J, Dai Y, Tu X. Geochemistry of heavy metal-contaminated sediments from the Four River inlets of Dongting lake, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:27593-27613. [PMID: 33512684 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12635-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of major and trace elements in the sediments from the Four River inlets of Dongting Lake were analysed. The results show that the element compositions of the Four River inlet sediments are different, among which higher amounts of Al2O3, Fe2O3, MnO, Cs, Rb, Th, U, Y, and REE are found, while MgO, CaO, Na2O, and Sr are more depleted in the sediments from the Xiangjiang and Zijiang inlets than in the sediments from the Yuanjiang and Lishui inlets. The Xiangjiang inlet sediments are distinctly higher enriched (EF > 5.0) in heavy metals Bi, Cd, Mn, Cu, Pb, and Zn, while the other river sediments are moderately enriched (EF > 2.0) in these heavy metals. These geochemical differences are resulted from the source lithology, chemical weathering, hydrological sorting, and anthropogenic processes taking place in the watersheds. The principal component analysis and the geochemical vertical profiles suggest that the trace metals Ba, Mo, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cs, Rb, Sc, Th, U, Ga, Ge, Zr, Hf, Ta, Nb, and REE are of terrigenous sources. The heavy metals including Bi, Cd, Mn, Cu, Pb, and Zn in the sediments can include those contributed by anthropogenic processes, such as mining and smelting of Pb-Zn ores. Therefore, presenting a scheme for the geochemical backgrounds of the watershed is recommended here for future assessment of the heavy metal contamination in sediments of the watershed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Fang
- Faculty of Resource and Environment Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Heavy-Metal Contamination and Ecological Remediation, Hunan Normal University, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- College of Geography and Tourism, Hengyang Normal University, 421002, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Peng
- Faculty of Resource and Environment Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Heavy-Metal Contamination and Ecological Remediation, Hunan Normal University, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhaoliang Song
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Sicheng Wu
- Faculty of Resource and Environment Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Heavy-Metal Contamination and Ecological Remediation, Hunan Normal University, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Danting Chen
- Faculty of Resource and Environment Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Heavy-Metal Contamination and Ecological Remediation, Hunan Normal University, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yafang Zhao
- Faculty of Resource and Environment Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Heavy-Metal Contamination and Ecological Remediation, Hunan Normal University, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Faculty of Resource and Environment Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Heavy-Metal Contamination and Ecological Remediation, Hunan Normal University, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Dai
- Faculty of Resource and Environment Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Heavy-Metal Contamination and Ecological Remediation, Hunan Normal University, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianglin Tu
- Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, 510640, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Environmental Assessment and Toxic Metal-Contamination Level in Surface Sediment of a Water Reservoir in the Brazilian Cerrado. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13081044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Polluted sediments limit the useful and biotic life of a water reservoir. Therefore, the classification and verification of the contamination and pollution levels of water reservoirs are essentials for the preservation of the biota and to organize the actions of environmental management. Thus, the aim of this study is to determine the concentrations of potentially toxic metals [lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and cadmium (Cd)] in sediment samples collected in the water reservoir of the Foz do Rio Claro Hydroelectric Power Plant (FRCHEPP) and estimate the contamination level by using the geoaccumulation index (Igeo). All results were compared with the values established by the CONAMA Resolution 454/2012. The Cu and Cd concentrations in the sediment samples were above Level II for most of the analyzed points in comparison with the data of the CONAMA resolution, being classified as poor quality sediments. Moreover, the Igeo values indicated potential pollution of the water reservoir sediment by Cu and Cd. Hence, the water reservoir was classified between moderately and extremely polluted. From this work it is possible to conclude that the frequent monitoring of the sediment quality in the FRCHEPP water reservoir is an indispensable action for periodic evaluation of the hydrographic basin quality in the study region, considering its importance as water supply and power generation for the state of Goiás, Brazil. Overall, the results of this work can be important to study other water reservoirs around the world.
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Preliminary Assessment of Chemical Elements in Sediments and Larvae of Gomphidae (Odonata) from the Blyde River of the Olifants River System, South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17218135. [PMID: 33158022 PMCID: PMC7663509 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Benthic macroinvertebrates and sediments can act as good indicators of environmental quality. The aim of this study was to assess the accumulation of chemical elements in the Gomphidae (Odonata) collected in the Blyde River. Seven sites were sampled for river sediments assessment and five sites for larvae (naiads) of Gomphidae bioaccumulation analysis. The tissue samples were analysed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The results showed high levels of all of the tested elements except Cd in the sediment. The mean concentrations of As, Cu and Cr exceeded the standard guideline values, whereas Pb and Zn were below the standard guideline values. In the insect body tissue, the concentrations of most elements were higher than in the sediments. The elements with the highest concentrations were Mn, Zn, Cu, and As. The bioaccumulation factor (BF) showed a tendency for bioaccumulation for almost all of the selected elements in the insect. The BF value was high for Cu, Mn, Sb, and Zn (BF > 1). The high concentrations of elements in the insect body tissue may pose a risk to fish that consume them, and subsequently to humans when fish from the river are consumed. It is therefore important to monitor the river to reduce pollution to prevent health risks in humans, especially in communities that rely on the river for water and food.
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Human Risk from Exposure to Heavy Metals and Arsenic in Water from Rivers with Mining Influence in the Central Andes of Peru. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12071946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Water pollution by heavy metals is one of the leading environmental concerns as a result of intense anthropogenic pressure on the aquatic environment. This constitutes a significant limitation to the human right of access to drinking water. In this context, the risk to humans from exposure to heavy metals and arsenic in water from rivers subject to mining influence in the Central Andes of Peru was assessed. Water samples were collected from seven rivers at 63 sampling sites, and concentrations of Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn, and As were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Cluster analysis was used to group 21 sampling sites into four groups with similar chemical characteristics, and principal component analysis was used to simplify the complex relationship between the toxic elements by generating two main components with a total percentage of variation of 86%. Fe, Zn, and As had higher percentages of contribution in the Mantaro, Cunas, and Chia rivers. The hazard quotient was highest for children and adults. The hazard index for ingestion of all the studied heavy metals and As was higher than the threshold value (HIing > 1). HIing in 43% of the rivers indicated that the adult population is at risk of non-carcinogenic effects, and HIing in 14% of the rivers revealed a very high health risk. The risk of cancer by ingestion for children varied from medium to high risk and for adults from low to high risk.
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Imam N, El-Sayed SM, Goher MES. Risk assessments and spatial distributions of natural radioactivity and heavy metals in Nasser Lake, Egypt. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:25475-25493. [PMID: 32350837 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08918-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nasser Lake provides more than 95% of the Egyptian freshwater budget. The levels, spatial distributions, and risk assessments of heavy metals and natural radioactivity were investigated in the water and sediments in the main channel and khors (side extensions) of Nasser Lake in January 2017. Several indices were used to determine the quality and pollution degree of the water and sediments. The water indices included the heavy metal pollution index and metal contamination index, while the sediment indices were based on the (a) the metal levels as the enrichment factor and geo-accumulation index, and (b) the radioactivity as radium equivalent activity, absorbed dose rate, and external hazard indices. All index values were lower than their global mean values. Also, the results of the noncarcinogenic human health risk via water ingestion were below the threshold risk level. The obtained results indicate the safely used of Nasser Lake water for different purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Imam
- Freshwater & Lakes Division, National Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Seliem Mahmoud El-Sayed
- Freshwater & Lakes Division, National Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Sherif Goher
- Freshwater & Lakes Division, National Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt.
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Yang T, Zhang Q, Wan X, Li X, Wang Y, Wang W. Comprehensive ecological risk assessment for semi-arid basin based on conceptual model of risk response and improved TOPSIS model-a case study of Wei River Basin, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 719:137502. [PMID: 32126408 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive ecological risk assessment is of great significance for the restoration of watershed ecosystem health, and the appropriate and effective assessment method is the premise of ecological risk assessment. In this study, the conceptual model of risk response was developed by identification of ecological risk sources, stressors, endpoints and the corresponding response mechanism as well as the improved TOPSIS model based on Canberra distance and the combinatorial weighting method based on AHP and Critic were combined for the assessment. According to the three aspects of agriculture, industrial and urbanization, the occurrence mechanism of comprehensive ecological risk of rivers in semi-arid areas was analyzed. Furthermore, twenty-four indexes were selected to establish the index system and the Wei River Basin was taken as an example to verify the model. The results of comprehensive ecological risk assessment and stressor analysis showed that the deterioration of water quality (enrichment of heavy metals) and the decrease of benthos integrity were the two main risk factors for the increase of comprehensive ecological risk in Wei River Basin. And the regulation of ecological risk for the Wei River Basin is improvement of water quality and biotic integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhao Wan
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyan Wang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
As the third largest fresh water lake in China, Taihu Lake is suffering from serious eutrophication, where nutrient loading from tributary and surrounding river networks is one of the main contributors. In this study, water age is used to investigate the impacts of tributary discharge and wind influence on nutrient status in Taihu Lake, quantitatively. On the base of sub-basins of upstream catchments and boundary conditions of the lake, multiple inflow tributaries are categorized into three groups. For each group, the water age has been computed accordingly. A well-calibrated and validated three-dimensional Delft3D model is used to investigate both spatial and temporal heterogeneity of water age. Changes in wind direction lead to changes in both the average value and spatial pattern of water age, while the impact of wind speed differs in each tributary group. Water age decreases with higher inflow discharge from tributaries; however, discharge effects are less significant than that of wind. Wind speed decline, such as that induced by climate change, has negative effects on both internal and external nutrient source release, and results in water quality deterioration. Water age is proved to be an effective indicator of water exchange efficiency, which may help decision-makers to carry out integrated water management at a complex basin scale.
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Vafakish B, Wilson LD. Cu(II) Ion Adsorption by Aniline Grafted Chitosan and Its Responsive Fluorescence Properties. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051052. [PMID: 32110994 PMCID: PMC7179099 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The detection and removal of heavy metal species in aquatic environments is of continued interest to address ongoing efforts in water security. This study was focused on the preparation and characterization of aniline grafted chitosan (CS-Ac-An), and evaluation of its adsorption properties with Cu(II) under variable conditions. Materials characterization provides support for the grafting of aniline onto chitosan, where the kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption properties reveal a notably greater uptake (>20-fold) of Cu(II) relative to chitosan, where the adsorption capacity (Qm) of CS-Ac-An was 106.6 mg/g. Adsorbent regeneration was demonstrated over multiple adsorption-desorption cycles with good uptake efficiency. CS-Ac-An has a strong fluorescence emission that undergoes prominent quenching at part per billion levels in aqueous solution. The quenching process displays a linear response over variable Cu(II) concentration (0.05–5 mM) that affords reliable detection of low level Cu(II) levels by an in situ “turn-off” process. The tweezer-like chelation properties of CS-Ac-An with Cu(II) was characterized by complementary spectroscopic methods: IR, NMR, X-ray photoelectron (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The role of synergistic effects are inferred among two types of active adsorption sites: electron rich arene rings and amine groups of chitosan with Cu(II) species to afford a tweezer-like binding modality.
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Fang X, Peng B, Wang X, Song Z, Zhou D, Wang Q, Qin Z, Tan C. Distribution, contamination and source identification of heavy metals in bed sediments from the lower reaches of the Xiangjiang River in Hunan province, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 689:557-570. [PMID: 31279202 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of heavy metals Ba, Sc, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Th, U, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd in sediments from the lower reaches of the Xiangjiang River were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The results suggest that there are two metal distribution patterns in these sediments: (1) Ba, Sc, V, Cr, Mn, Th, and U are relatively homogeneously distributed and (2) Cd, Pb, Zn Cu, Co and Ni are heterogeneously distributed. The heterogeneously distributed metals are significantly enriched in these sediments and, thereby, contribute to contamination. Assessments of heavy metal contamination using the Geoaccumulation index, Pollution load index, and potential ecological risk index suggest that the levels of contamination from Cd and Mn are extremely high and moderately high, respectively, in all the sediments from the lower river. In comparison, the levels of contamination by Cu, Zn, and Pb varied spatially, decreasing progressively downriver. The level of contamination by Pb, Zn, and Cu in sediments from the Zhuzhou reach is extremely high, and is moderate to significant high for the Xiangtan, Changsha, and Xiangyin reaches. The ecological potential risks posed heavy metals are ranked, in descending order, as Cd > Pb > Cu > Zn > Cr > Ni > Co > Mn for sediments from the Zhuzhou reach and Cd > Pb > Cu > Ni > Cr > Co > Zn > Mn for sediments from the Xiangtan, Changsha, and Xiangyin reaches. Principal component analysis and enrichment factor calculations suggest that Ba, Sc, V, Cr, Th, and U mostly originate from natural processes. While, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Co, Ni, and Mn are derived from both natural processes and anthropogenic activities. Therefore, strategies for environmental protection in this watershed should focus on contamination by Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu, with Cd requiring particular attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Fang
- Faculty of Resource and Environment Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Heavy-Metal Contamination and Ecological Remediation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Bo Peng
- Faculty of Resource and Environment Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Heavy-Metal Contamination and Ecological Remediation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Faculty of Resource and Environment Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Heavy-Metal Contamination and Ecological Remediation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Zhaoliang Song
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Dongxiao Zhou
- Faculty of Resource and Environment Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Heavy-Metal Contamination and Ecological Remediation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Qin Wang
- Faculty of Resource and Environment Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Heavy-Metal Contamination and Ecological Remediation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Zhilian Qin
- Faculty of Resource and Environment Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Heavy-Metal Contamination and Ecological Remediation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Changyin Tan
- Faculty of Resource and Environment Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Heavy-Metal Contamination and Ecological Remediation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
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Ajab H, Ali Khan AA, Nazir MS, Yaqub A, Abdullah MA. Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 176:108563. [PMID: 31280029 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Environmental monitoring is important to determine the extent of eco-system pollution and degradation so that effective remedial strategies can be formulated. In this study, an environmentally friendly and cost-effective sensor made up of novel carbon electrode modified with cellulose and hydroxyapatite was developed for the detection of trace lead ions in aqueous system and palm oil mill effluent. Zinc, cadmium, and copper with lead were simultaneously detected using this method. The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. Under optimum conditions, the sensor detected lead ions in palm oil mill effluent in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification. The validation using tap water, blood serum and palm oil mill effluent samples and compared with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, suggested excellent sensitivity of the sensor to detect lead ions in simple and complex matrices. The cellulose produced based on "green" techniques from agro-lignocellulosic wastes, in combination with hydroxyapatite, were proven effective as components in the carbon electrode composite. It has great potential in both clinical and environmental use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huma Ajab
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Amanat Ali Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia; Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, 1-Km Defense Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid Nazir
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Asim Yaqub
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
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Li D, Wang J, Pi J, Yu J, Zhang T. Biota-sediment metal accumulation and human health risk assessment of freshwater bivalve Corbicula fluminea in Dongting Lake, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:14951-14961. [PMID: 30919194 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04931-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed the concentrations of metals in sediments and Corbicula fluminea in China's Dongting Lake to assess the suitability of C. fluminea as an effective biomonitor of metal contamination in sediments and food safety. We analyzed the biota-accumulation capacity by calculating the biota-sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) and assessed the potential human health risk of metals exposure via consumption of C. fluminea using the target hazard quotient (THQ) and total target hazard quotient (TTHQ). The results showed that the average concentrations of As (31.93 mg kg-1), Cd (5.54 mg kg-1), Cr (105.50 mg kg-1), Cu (32.53 mg kg-1), and Zn (207.89 mg kg-1) in sediments were higher than their respective standard set by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China. The sediment metals, which were mainly anthropogenic in origin, were at high levels and pose a relatively high ecological risk. Cadium (Cd) showed very high potential ecological risk levels and should be included in the prior pollutants list in the studied area. The mean levels of As (0.81 mg kg-1) in C. fluminea were 1.62-times higher than that set by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. BSAF values of the soft tissues of C. fluminea were between 0.05 and 2.14, with higher values for Cu (2.14), Cd (1.77), Zn (1.60), and Ni (1.27). Soft tissues of C. fluminea were able to reflect spatial differences in Sr within sediments around Dongting Lake. The results indicated that C. fluminea could be an potential biomonitor for sediment metals assessment in biomonitoring programs, especially for Cu, Cd, Zn, Ni, and Sr. The mean values for THQ and TTHQ of all the analyzed metals were below 1.0, indicating that the intake of metals via comsumption of C. fluminea does not result in an appreciable risk to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deliang Li
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Pi
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Yu
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People's Republic of China.
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Assessment of Anthropogenic Impact versus Climate Change on the Succession of the Diatom Community in Lugu Lake (Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, China) Using the Sedimentary Record of Geochemical Elements. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11040655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The lake ecosystems on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in China have degraded in recent decades under the effects of anthropogenic activities and climate change. The human impact on the oligotrophic Lugu Lake aquatic ecosystem was evaluated using the sediment records of metals, nitrogen isotopes (δ15N) and magnetic susceptibility over the past 200 years. Three periods were identified based on the trace metal and δ15N records. During the first stage (1816–1976 AD), the concentrations of metals, δ15N and magnetic susceptibility were low with small variations. The anthropogenic contributions to the inputs were also small, except for Ni, reflecting minor human activities in the watershed, and no significant change was observed in the sediment record of the diatom assemblage. During the second stage (1976–2001 AD), the concentrations of Zn and δ15N increased, as well as the anthropogenic contribution of Zn. However, no significant change was detected in the anthropogenic sources of the other metals. These results reflect the low-level use of chemical fertilizers. The major shift in the sediment diatom assemblage during this stage was mainly attributed to regional climate change. During the third stage (2001–2010 AD), the concentrations of the sedimentary metals (Ni, Cr, Mn, Cu, Hg and Al) increased rapidly, with the exception of As and Zn, and a similar increasing trend was observed in the changes by anthropogenic sources of Ni, Cr, Mn and Cu. RDA (Redundancy Analysis) and variance partitioning analysis showed that the human impact and climate proxies independently explained 31.59% and 4.26% of the change of diatom community, respectively, and the interaction between climate change and human impact accounted for 18.61% of the change of diatom community. Tourism-dominated human activities, which were reflected in the metals profiles, facilitated the dominance of eutrophic species and reduced that of oligotrophic species. The development of tourism was likely the main driving force for the succession of diatom assemblages in the third stage. In summary, the anthropogenic input of trace metals in Lugu Lake is still at a low level. However, the significant growth trend in metals over the past decade is significantly related to the change in the lake ecosystem. Therefore, the effects of human activities, especially tourism, on the watershed should be controlled for the protection of the oligotrophic Lugu Lake.
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