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Baguma GB, Bisimwa AM, Munundu AM, Irenge EB, Shabani IE, Cubaka AK. Relationships between benthic macroinvertebrates and environmental variables of Nyamuhinga River, Lake Kivu southwest basin, Sud-Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:917. [PMID: 39256272 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-13071-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Benthic macroinvertebrate abundance and taxa richness associated with environmental variables were monitored monthly from September 2015 to August 2016 in the Nyamuhinga River. The benthic macroinvertebrate samples were collected using a D-frame aquatic net employing the man-time method. Environmental variables including pH, temperature, conductivity, and total dissolved solids (TDS) were measured using a Combo HI 98129 and GREISIN-GER 020 multimeters, and water flow was assessed using the Float Method procedure. The Shannon-Wiener and equitability indices were then calculated to assess diversity and richness, facilitating the comparison of diversity within sites or stations. A total of 35,142 macroinvertebrate individuals were collected from the 12 sampling sites belonging to 29 genera, 27 families, and 9 orders. Diptera were the most abundant (71.83%) followed by Odonata (9.13%) and Ephemeroptera (7.11%). The findings showed that taxa richness decreased from upstream to downstream. At the same time, absolute abundance increased from downstream to upstream due to riparian vegetation, substrate type, plant debris, and organic matter which are habitats for benthic macroinvertebrates in the river. Environmental variables such as flow, pH, temperature, conductivity, and TDS varied between sites and stations because of habitat disturbances, contaminant discharges into the catchment, and inflow of tributary waters into the river. The canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) results displayed that Eristalis and Chironomus were strongly associated with the flow, conductivity, TDS, temperature, and pH at the downstream sites related to anthropogenic activities from the catchment. From our results, the Nyamuhinga River needs conservation master plan/guidelines and increased awareness to reduce environmental impacts in Bukavu River catchments in the Lake Kivu basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Balagizi Baguma
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Végétale Et de Microbiologie Appliquée, Département de Biologie, Faculté de Domaine de Sciences Et Technologie, Université Officielle de Bukavu, P.O. Box 570, Bukavu, Sud-Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
- Laboratoire d'Hydrobiologie, d'Aquaculture Et de Gestion Des Ressources Naturelles, Département de Biologie, Domaine de Sciences Et Technologie, Université Officielle de Bukavu, P.O. Box 570, Bukavu, Sud-Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
| | - Arthur Mubwebwe Bisimwa
- Département de Biologie, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles, CRSN-Lwiro, Section d'Hydrobiologie, Sud-Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Aline Mangaza Munundu
- Département de Biologie, Centre de Recherche en Hydrobiologie, CRH-Uvira, P.O. Box 73, Uvira, Sud-Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Emmanuel Bayubasire Irenge
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Végétale Et de Microbiologie Appliquée, Département de Biologie, Faculté de Domaine de Sciences Et Technologie, Université Officielle de Bukavu, P.O. Box 570, Bukavu, Sud-Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Isaac Ekyamba Shabani
- Département de Conservation Et Gestion Des Ressources Naturelles Renouvelables, Faculté Des Sciences Et Technologies, Université de Goma, P.O. Box 204, Goma, Nord-Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Alfred Kabagale Cubaka
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Végétale Et de Microbiologie Appliquée, Département de Biologie, Faculté de Domaine de Sciences Et Technologie, Université Officielle de Bukavu, P.O. Box 570, Bukavu, Sud-Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Van der Cruysse L, De Cock A, Lock K, Boets P, Goethals PLM. Introduction of Native Submerged Macrophytes to Restore Biodiversity in Streams. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1014. [PMID: 38611543 PMCID: PMC11013439 DOI: 10.3390/plants13071014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Streams are biodiversity hotspots that provide numerous ecosystem services. Safeguarding this biodiversity is crucial to uphold sustainable ecosystem functioning and to ensure the continuation of these ecosystem services in the future. However, in recent decades, streams have witnessed a disproportionate decline in biodiversity compared to other ecosystems, and are currently considered among the most threatened ecosystems worldwide. This is the result of the combined effect of a multitude of stressors. For freshwater systems in general, these have been classified into five main pressures: water pollution, overexploitation, habitat degradation and destruction, alien invasive species, and hydromorphological pressures. On top of these direct stressors, the effects of global processes like environmental and climate change must be considered. The intricate and interconnected nature of various stressors affecting streams has made it challenging to formulate effective policies and management strategies. As a result, restoration efforts have not always been successful in creating a large-scale shift towards a better ecological status. In order to achieve an improved status in these systems, situation-specific management strategies tailored to specific stressor combinations may be needed. In this paper, we examine the potential of introducing native submerged macrophyte species to advance the restoration of stream ecosystems. Through successful introductions, we anticipate positive ecological outcomes, including enhanced water quality and increased biodiversity. This research is significant, as the potential success in restoring stream biodiversity not only represents progress in ecological understanding but also offers valuable insights for future restoration and management strategies for these vital ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Van der Cruysse
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (A.D.C.); (K.L.); (P.B.); (P.L.M.G.)
| | - Andrée De Cock
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (A.D.C.); (K.L.); (P.B.); (P.L.M.G.)
| | - Koen Lock
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (A.D.C.); (K.L.); (P.B.); (P.L.M.G.)
| | - Pieter Boets
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (A.D.C.); (K.L.); (P.B.); (P.L.M.G.)
- Provincial Centre of Environmental Research, Godshuizenlaan 95, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter L. M. Goethals
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (A.D.C.); (K.L.); (P.B.); (P.L.M.G.)
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Paiva FF, Melo DBD, Dolbeth M, Molozzi J. Functional threshold responses of benthic macroinvertebrates to environmental stressors in reservoirs. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 329:116970. [PMID: 36528939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Reservoirs are aquatic ecosystems created by humans to supply water needs. They can impair aquatic diversity due to the lack of connectivity, reduced water volume, and pressures exerted by surrounding human activities. These changes are expected to produce abrupt fluctuations in the reservoirs' environment, thus influencing the structure and functioning of aquatic communities. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the impact of a range of environmental stressors in reservoirs on benthic macroinvertebrates by analyzing their functional threshold response. Biological data were collected in six reservoirs from the semi-arid region of Northeast Brazil, as case study. A total of 37.874 benthic macroinvertebrates belonging to 35 taxa were collected. Nevertheless, almost 90% of this abundance belonged to three species alone, considered generalists, with multivoltine reproduction and from the gatherer-collectors feeding group. Increases in environmental stressors such as salinity, nitrate, ammonia, and dissolved solids led to the selection of macroinvertebrates with specific traits (e.g., protected body, gill respiration, and large body size). These functional traits showed differences in their threshold response depending on the stressors and are indicators of the effects of these stressors on the reservoirs. Some of the potential sensitive traits (with a negative threshold response to the stressor) could also associate with other stressors, demonstrating that tolerance of benthic macroinvertebrates is defined by a set of functional characteristics. Overall, the increase in stressor' gradients selected functionally tolerant organisms with high resistance capacity, but these were represented by dominant species. This resulted in low diversity in the reservoirs, which may compromise ecosystem functioning, and raises concerns about adequate management of the systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciely Ferreira Paiva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação - Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. Rua Baraúnas, N° 351, Bairro Universitário, Complexo Três Marias, CEP 58429-500, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil.
| | - Dalescka Barbosa de Melo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação - Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. Rua Baraúnas, N° 351, Bairro Universitário, Complexo Três Marias, CEP 58429-500, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Marina Dolbeth
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental - Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4050-123, Matosinhos, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joseline Molozzi
- Departamento de Biologia/Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ecologia e Conservação- Universidade Estadual da Paraíba.Rua Baraúnas, N° 351, Bairro Universitário, Complexo Três Marias, CEP 58429-500, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
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Zhu C, Friman VP, Li L, Xu Q, Guo J, Guo S, Shen Q, Ling N. Meta-analysis of diazotrophic signatures across terrestrial ecosystems at the continental scale. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:2013-2028. [PMID: 35362656 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Biological nitrogen fixation performed by diazotrophs forms a cornerstone of Earth's terrestrial ecosystem productivity. However, the composition, diversity and distribution of soil diazotrophs are poorly understood across different soil ecosystems. Furthermore, the biological potential of the key diazotroph species in relation to key environmental parameters is unknown. To address this, we used meta-analysis approach to merge together 39 independent diazotroph amplicon sequencing (nifH gene) datasets consisting of 1988 independent soil samples. We then employed multiple statistical analyses and machine-learning approaches to compare diazotroph community differences and indicator species between terrestrial ecosystems on a global scale. The distribution, composition and structure of diazotroph communities varied across seven different terrestrial ecosystems, with community composition exhibiting an especially clear effect. The Cyanobacteria were the most abundant taxa in crust ecosystems (accounting for ~45% of diazotrophs), while other terrestrial ecosystems were dominated by Proteobacteria, including Alpha-, Beta- and Gamma-Proteobacteria (accounting for ~70% of diazotrophs). Farmland ecosystems harboured the highest and crust ecosystems the lowest alpha and phylogenetic diversities. Azospirillum zeae, Skermanella aerolata and four Bradyrhizobium species were identified as key indicator species of potential diazotroph activity. Overall, diazotroph abundances and distribution were affected by multiple environmental parameters, including soil pH, nitrogen, organic carbon, C:N ratio and annual mean precipitation and temperature. Together, our findings suggest that based on the relative abundance and diversity of nifH marker gene, diazotrophs have adapted to a range of environmental niches globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ville-Petri Friman
- Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Ling Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qicheng Xu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Junjie Guo
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shiwei Guo
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qirong Shen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ning Ling
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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The Effects of Hydropower Plants on the Physicochemical Parameters of the Bystrzyca River in Poland. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14082075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the literature lacks comprehensive studies on the impact of hydropower plants (HPs) on the environment, including studies focused on the physicochemical parameters of water. The aim of the article is to verify the current state of knowledge on the impact of run-of-river HPs on 17 physicochemical parameters of water. The article is in line with the recommendations of the European Union that the member states, under the common energy policy, should increase the share of renewable energy sources in the energy and perform environmental impact assessments of such facilities. As a result of the analysis carried out on three HPs (Sadowice, Skałka and Marszowice) located on the Bystrzyca River (a tributary of the Odra River in Poland), it was found that HPs affect the selected physicochemical parameters of the water, i.e., (p < 0.05): electrolytic conductivity (EC; Skałka, Marszowice HPs), pH (Skałka, Marszowice HPs); nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N; Marszowice HP), dissolved oxygen (DO; Marszowice HP) and ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N; Marszowice HP). The largest (>5%), statistically significant mean cumulative effect below Marszowice HP concerned NH4-N (−27.83%), DO (+14.04%) and NO3-N (+5.50%). In addition, it was observed that the effect of HPs increases in direct proportion to the damming height, and that run-of-river HPs have a lesser impact on the physicochemical parameters’ values than in storage HPs. Our results were in accordance with those of other scientists in terms of the increase in DO, the decrease in EC, and the decrease in total phosphorus concentrations below HPs.
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Small Patches of Riparian Woody Vegetation Enhance Biodiversity of Invertebrates. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12113070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Patches of riparian woody vegetation potentially help mitigate environmental impacts of agriculture and safeguard biodiversity. We investigated the effects of riparian forest on invertebrate diversity in coupled stream-riparian networks using a case study in the Zwalm river basin (Flanders, Belgium). Agriculture is one of the main pressures in the basin and riparian forest is limited to a number of isolated patches. Our 32 study sites comprised nine unshaded “unbuffered” sites which were paired with nine shaded “buffered” sites on the same stream reach, along with five ‘least-disturbed’ sites and nine downstream sites. We sampled water chemistry, habitat characteristics and stream and riparian invertebrates (carabid beetles and spiders) at each site. Three methods were used to quantify riparian attributes at different spatial scales: a visually-assessed qualitative index, quantitative estimates of habitat categories in six rectangular plots (10 × 5 m) and geographic information system (GIS)-derived land cover data. We investigated relationships between invertebrates and riparian attributes at different scales with linear regression and redundancy analyses. Spiders and carabids were most associated with local riparian attributes. In contrast, aquatic macroinvertebrates were strongly influenced by the extent of riparian vegetation in a riparian band upstream (100–300 m). These findings demonstrate the value of quantifying GIS-based metrics of riparian cover over larger spatial scales into assessments of the efficacy of riparian management as a complement to more detailed local scale riparian assessments in situ. Our findings highlight the value of even small patches of riparian vegetation in an otherwise extensively disturbed landscape in supporting biodiversity of both terrestrial and freshwater invertebrates and emphasize the need to consider multiple spatial scales in riparian management strategies which aim to mitigate human impacts on biodiversity in stream-riparian networks.
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An Integrated Approach of Multi-Community Monitoring and Assessment of Aquatic Ecosystems to Support Sustainable Development. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12145603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems are one of the most threatened ecosystems in the world resulting in the decline of aquatic biodiversity. Monitoring and the assessment of aquatic ecosystems are necessary to protect and conserve these ecosystems as monitoring provides insights into the changes in the aquatic ecosystem over a long period of time and assessment indicates the status of these ecosystems. This paper presents an overview of different methods for the hydromorphological, physical–chemical and the biological monitoring and assessment of surface waters. Furthermore, recently developed monitoring and assessment methods are discussed to support sustainable water management and contribute to the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals 6 (SDG6 related to clean water and sanitation) and 15 (SDG15 related to terrestrial and freshwater systems) of the United Nations. However, many other SDGs are dependent on freshwater, such as food (e.g., SDG2) and climate-related SDGs. We presented an innovative concept for integrated monitoring and assessment. The main new elements are the monitoring of all communities and the use of integrated socio-environmental models to link these communities to ecosystem interactions and functions as a basis for determining their relation to the SDGs. Models can also allow to determine the effects of changes in SDGs on the different elements of the concept, and serve in this manner as tools for the selection of an optimal balance between the SDGs in the context of sustainable development.
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