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Yimer G. Level of Heavy Metals and Potential Ecological Risks in Irrigated Horticultural Farms in the Vicinity of Lake Ziway, Central Ethiopian Rift Valley Region. J Toxicol 2024; 2024:4724097. [PMID: 38774594 PMCID: PMC11108697 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4724097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Research on heavy metal pollution in horticultural farms located around lakes in the Central Ethiopian Rift Valley Region has focused on measuring the levels of heavy metals and their health implications. However, the ecological risks of horticultural farms contaminated with heavy metals in this region have not been studied. The current study addresses this gap by providing information on the degree of heavy metal contamination and the ecological risk associated with horticultural farms around Lake Ziway, using various pollution indices. An inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) was used to measure the concentrations of nine heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Hg, and Zn) in a total of 30 composite soil and irrigation water samples, each consisting of a mix of six subsamples. The results indicated that the mean concentrations of Hg, Cd, Pb, and Zn in soils collected from all the sampling sites exceeded the FAO/WHO maximum permissible limit (MPL). The values of both the contamination factor (CF) and contamination degree (Cd) of the heavy metals ranged from 0.04 to 2.66 and 2.81 to 6.14, respectively, indicating a low to medium level of contamination for both indices. The pollution load index (PLI) values of 0.451, 0.449, and 0.157 for sites 2, 1, and 3, respectively, indicate "unpolluted" to "moderately polluted" levels of heavy metal pollution. However, the ecological risk indices (ERIs) at sites 2 and 1 (158.92 and 141, respectively) showed a potentially high ecological risk due to soil pollution. Therefore, close monitoring and early intervention mechanisms must be in place to control pollution in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- GirmaTilahun Yimer
- Hawassa University's Center for Ethiopian Rift Valley Studies (CERVaS), Hawassa, Ethiopia
- Hawassa University, Department of Aquatic Sciences, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Hawassa, Ethiopia
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Khan R, Anik AH, Hossain S, Phoungthong K, Islam ARMT, Saha N, Idris AM, Khan MHR, Aldawood S, Alam M. Receptor model-based source tracing and risk assessment of elements in sediment of a transboundary Himalayan River. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 339:139733. [PMID: 37544528 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
This study utilized surface sediments from a potentially less polluted transboundary Himalayan River (Brahmaputra: China-India-Bangladesh) to investigate the abundance of 15 geochemically and ecologically significant elements and to predict their sources and ecological consequences. INAA was applied to determine the elemental concentrations. The average abundances (μg.g-1) of Rb (94.20), Cs (4.49), Th (20.31), & U (2.73) were 1.12-2.26 folds elevated than shale. Environmental indices disclosed a pollution status ranging from "uncontaminated to moderately contaminated," with minimal Rb, U, and Th enrichment in the downstream zone. Consensus-based sediment quality guideline (SQG) threshold values suggested that only Cr (60% samples > TEL) may impose rare biological effects. Ecological risk indices suggested "minor to no" possible eco-toxicological risks for the accounted elements (Cr, Co, Mn, Zn, Sb, & As). The positive matrix factorization (PMF) model predicated the predominance of geogenic or crustal contributions (∼72.69%) for Al, K, Na, Ti, Co, Zn, Ba, Cs, As, Rb, Th, & U derived from elemental fractionations, mineral weathering, and bio-geo-chemical mobilization. The relative contributions of anthropogenic sources (∼27.31%; such as the construction of roads, settlement expansion, litter disposal, municipal waste discharge, mining activities, agricultural encroachment, etc.) on elemental distribution were significantly lower. The abundance of Cr and Mn was mainly influenced by anthropogenic sources. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of utilizing geo-environmental guidelines and receptor models in discriminating the natural & anthropogenic origins of metals in the complex riverine sediments of a less anthropogenically affected river.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Amit Hasan Anik
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh; Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Shabiha Hossain
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh; Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Khamphe Phoungthong
- Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | | | - Narottam Saha
- Sustainable Minerals Institute, Center for Mined Land Rehabilitation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Saad Aldawood
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahbub Alam
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
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Ghafur PG, Abdulrahman RF. Evaluation of Darbandikhan Lake and its tributaries' water quality in the Sulaymaniyah Province in Iraqi Kurdistan, using the water quality index model and multivariate statistical analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:937. [PMID: 37436670 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11543-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the characteristics of the water in Darbandikhan Lake and its rivers in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. For this purpose, 25 samples were collected seasonally and analysed for 36 physiochemical parameters. The proportions of physiochemical parameters exceeding the WHO standards in the samples with their highest exceedances were 9894% for Al, 198% for Mn, 40% for Pb, 1.6% for pH, 3250% for PO4, 11.8% for Sr, 155% for T.Alk, 7813% for turbidity, 1188% for Ti, 1033% for Tl and 1293% for V in the river water and 120% for Co, 74% for Cr, 4485% for Fe and 9% for K in the lake water. The pollution sources were designated by multivariate statistical analysis as being related to industrial and domestic waste, solid waste disposal, fertilisers and organic contamination from agricultural and natural sources. The water quality index (WQI) results were 22.3 to 721.3 for drinking, 13.9 to 86.2 for irrigation, 1.4 to 299.5 for livestock, 71.5 to 1754.4 for the textile industry, 20.7 to 237.9 for recreation and 64.6 to 1867.4 for aquatic life. The irrigation water quality index (IWQI) results were excellent for sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and for the US salinity scale, all water samples fell into the medium salinity-low sodium category (C2-S1) in all seasons, except for all Chaqan River samples. The Tanjaro River sample in spring fell in the relatively high salinity-low sodium category (C3-S1), excellent and good for sodium percentage (Na%), suitable to moderate for permeability index (PI%), suitable to unsuitable for magnesium hazard percentage (MH%), suitable for Kelly Index (KI) and safe to unsuitable for residual sodium carbonates (RSC). The Sirwan River, Tanjaro River and Zmkan River took first to third place in both the annual average pollution share ratio and the discharge. While the Zalm River ranked fourth in discharge and fifth in pollution share ratio, the Chaqan River was the reverse. The highest pollution share ratio was 64.3 for the Sirwan River in summer, and the lowest was 0.7 for the Zalm River in autumn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pshtiwan Gharib Ghafur
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Kirkuk Road, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
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Khan R, Hossain S, Anik AH, Phoungthong K, Islam ARMT, Saha N, Idris AM, Alam M. Indexical and statistical approaches to investigate the integrated origins of elements in the sediment of Teesta River, Bangladesh: sediment quality and ecological risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2023; 25:832-849. [PMID: 36897614 DOI: 10.1039/d2em00475e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates ecological consequences from the combined provenance (natural and manmade) of fifteen metal(oid)s (Na, Al, K, Ti, Cr, Mn, Co, Zn, As, Rb, Sb, Cs, Ba, Th, and U) from a major Indo-Bangla transboundary river (Teesta). Instrumental neutron activation analysis has been performed to calculate the elemental concentration for a total of thirty sediment samples which accumulated from the upper, middle and downstream section of the Teesta River. In comparison with the crustal origin Rb, Th, and U were 1.5-2.8 times elevated. Elements from upstream and midstream sediments showed greater spatial variability than those from downstream sediments in terms of Na, Rb, Sb, Th, and U. Statistical approaches suggested the dominance of geogenic sources (Na, K, Al, Ti, Co, and Ba) of elements over anthropogenic sources (Cr and Zn). Alkali feldspar and aluminosilicates release lithophilic minerals into the sediments under the redox condition (U/Th = 0.18). Site-specific ecotoxicological indices advocated that some specific locations are highly hazardous relative to Cr and Zn. From SQG-based guidelines, Cr showed higher potential toxicity in some upstream locations relative to Zn, Mn, and As. In order to attain the knowledge limitation of northern transboundary rivers from Bangladesh, this study of origin and relative environmental impact will be beneficial for policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Khan
- Industrial Ecology in Energy Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Shabiha Hossain
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh
| | - Amit Hasan Anik
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh
| | - Khamphe Phoungthong
- Industrial Ecology in Energy Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
| | | | - Narottam Saha
- Sustainable Minerals Institute, Center for Mined Land Rehabilitation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahbub Alam
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh
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Rafiei B, Ahmadi-Ghomi F, Seif A, Shakibaazad A, Shamshiri S, Sharifi-Abzahli Z. Contamination assessment and spatial distribution of heavy metals in the Sefidrud Delta coastal lagoons, Caspian Sea, N Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:464. [PMID: 36914842 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11096-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Three coastal lagoons on the Sefidrud Delta, Caspian Sea, were investigated to evaluate heavy metal pollution in sediments. Amirkola Lagoon is located in the eastern part of the delta (abandoned delta lobe) and is aged more than 500 years, whereas Kiashahr and Zibakenar lagoons are in the western or active part delta lobe and formed in the last decades. One hundred six sediment samples and three sediment cores were taken from studied lagoons. The samples were analyzed by ICP-OES. Geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), degree of contamination (Cdeg), pollution load index (PLI), and Potential ecological risk index (RI) were employed to determine heavy metal pollution for Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V and Zn. Nonparametric statistical analysis (Two-step cluster analysis, analysis of variance, and T-test technique) was used to discriminate the pollution sources. Based on contamination indices, the Kiashahr and Zibakenar lagoons show significant to moderate contamination with Co, Cu, Pb, Zn, and V, whereas the Amirkola Lagoon samples show the lowest metal contamination. PLI values demonstrated metal contamination in the Kiashahr and Zibakenar lagoons but no contamination in the Amirkola Lagoon. Although there was a notable rise in RI values from Amirkola to two other lagoons, all indicated low ecological risk. Statistical methods designated the unique interpretation of contaminant sources. Although the same geogenic origin of sediments in the Sefidrud Delta and lagoons deposits, Co, Zn, and Pb show anthropogenic sources in the newly-formed Kiashahr and Zibakenar lagoons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrouz Rafiei
- Dept. of Geology, Faculty of Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Shahid Fahmideh St., Hamedan, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Ahmadi-Ghomi
- Dept. of Geology, Faculty of Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Shahid Fahmideh St., Hamedan, Iran
| | - Asghar Seif
- Dept. of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Ali Shakibaazad
- Dept. of Marine Geology, Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sonia Shamshiri
- Dept. of Geology, Faculty of Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Shahid Fahmideh St., Hamedan, Iran
| | - Zahra Sharifi-Abzahli
- Dept. of Geology, Faculty of Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Shahid Fahmideh St., Hamedan, Iran
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Mahlungulu A, Kambizi L, Akinpelu EA, Nchu F. Levels of Heavy Metals in Grapevine Soil and Leaf Samples in Response to Seasonal Change and Farming Practice in the Cape Winelands. TOXICS 2023; 11:193. [PMID: 36851067 PMCID: PMC9965250 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal toxicity is a major threat to the health of both humans and ecosystems. Toxic levels of heavy metals in food crops, such as grapes, can have devastating effects on plant health and the market value of the produce. Two important factors that may influence the prevalence of heavy metals in grapevines are seasonal change and farming practices. The objectives of this study were (i) to conduct a detailed pioneer screening of heavy metal levels in soils and grapevine leaf tissues in selected wine farms and (ii) to study the influence of season and farming on heavy metal levels in soils and grapevine leaf tissues. Soil and grapevine leaf samples were collected from demarcated areas in selected vineyards in the Cape Winelands region of South Africa. The sampling was conducted in winter and summer from the same sites. The soil and leaf samples were analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) techniques. The pooled data from the farms practising conventional or organic farming showed that seasonal variation had no significant effect (DF = 1, 22; p > 0.05) on the heavy metal contents in the soil. When the soil data from the winter and summer months were compared separately or pooled, the influence of agricultural practice was well-pronounced in As (DF = 1, 22, or 46; p < 0.05) and Cu (DF = 1, 22, or 46; p <0.05). The agricultural practice greatly influenced (DF = 1, 22; p< 0.05) Cu, As, Cr, and Hg uptake, with little effect on Ni, Co, Cd, and Hg leaf contents. Generally, the heavy metals studied (Cr, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb) were substantially below the maximum permitted levels in plant and soil samples, per the recommendations of the WHO and Er indices, respectively. However, moderate contamination of the soils was recorded for Cr, Ni, Zn, and Pb. Remarkably, the Cu levels in the organic vineyard soils were significantly higher than in the conventional vineyards. Furthermore, based on the Igeo index, Cu occurred at moderate to heavy contamination levels.
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Hossain S, Khan R, Anik AH, Siddique MAB, Tamim U, Islam ARMT, Idris AM, Khaleque MA. Natural and anthropogenic contributions to the elemental compositions and subsequent ecological consequences of a transboundary river's sediments (Punarbhaba, Bangladesh). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114444. [PMID: 36179881 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
An anthropogenically less affected transboundary river (Punarbhaba, Bangladesh) was studied to detect associated risks from the combined origin(s) of geochemically and toxicologically significant elements in benthic sediments. A total of 30 river bed sediments were analyzed by instrumental neutron activation analysis targeting the 15 chemical elements viz., Na, Al, K, Ti, Cr, Mn, Co, Zn, As, Rb, Sb, Cs, Ba, Th, and U. Among the estimated elements, the mean abundances (μg/g) of Rb (136), Sb (0.66), Cs (6.66), Th (14.6), and U (3.92) were 1.4-1.7 times higher than the crustal origin. These elements are primarily responsible for the contaminated state of the Punarbhaba River. The studied area is 'moderately polluted' (Igeo: 2.01 to 0.02) and possesses 'minor enrichment' (EF: 1.98 to 0.48) in terms of the measured elements. The output of statistical analyses projected that the studied elements are geochemically fractionated in an oxidizing environment (U/Th = 0.44) and mostly originated from felsic sources, thus confirming the mineral is comprised of aluminosilicates and alkali feldspar. However, SQGs-based and ecological risk indices invoked minor (Cr: 6.67%) to no potential ecotoxicological threats for Cr, Mn, Co, Zn, As, and Sb. Nonetheless, altered distribution patterns caused by geogenic activities increased Cr and Zn in the environment which may cause toxicity (Cr: 22-53%, Zn: 35-70%), and pose potential ecological risks, specifically in upstream locations (P-2, P-3, P-5). Further, this study broadened the perspective of sediment deposition from fractionation, fluvial transportation, and weathering events beyond the industrial disintegration of elements, which will aid researchers and policymakers to comprehend combined risks from suspended sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabiha Hossain
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh; Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Amit Hasan Anik
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh; Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Bakar Siddique
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Umma Tamim
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | | | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Abdul Khaleque
- Department of Environmental Science and Management, Independent University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
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Ashayeri SY, Keshavarzi B, Moore F, Ahmadi A, Hooda PS. Risk assessment, geochemical speciation, and source apportionment of heavy metals in sediments of an urban river draining into a coastal wetland. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 186:114389. [PMID: 36462421 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Thirty sediment samples were collected from the Gohar Rood River (Iran) to assess the elemental concentrations, origins, and probable environmental risks in the riverine system. In this study, fifteen elements were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Cr at all sites were exceeded the SEL (Severe Effect Level) value. Zn, Mn, Co, and Cr showed a moderate level of contamination, based on pollution index (PI), modified pollution index (MPI), and enrichment factor (EF). The modified hazard quotient (mHQ) represented low to extreme severity of pollution for some elements. The multi-linear regression of the absolute principal component score model indicated that largest contributors of Zn, Cu, Pb, Sb, and Mo to the riverine sediment were from agricultural runoff, domestic, and municipal sewage. Based on the modified BCR (the European Community Bureau of Reference) fractionation scheme, Mn, Co, and Zn indicated a medium to high risk to the local environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Yavar Ashayeri
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
| | - Behnam Keshavarzi
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran.
| | - Farid Moore
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
| | - Azam Ahmadi
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
| | - Peter S Hooda
- School of Engineering and the Environment, Kingston University London, Kingston upon Thames KT1 2EE, UK
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9
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Sun F, Tao Y, Liao H, Wu F, Giesy JP, Yang J. Pollution levels and risk assessment of thallium in Chinese surface water and sediments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158363. [PMID: 36041602 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Thallium (Tl) is one of the most toxic metals and can cause chronic and acute damage to humans. Due to occurrences of incidents involving Tl pollution in China, its potential environmental impacts are receiving increased attention. However, there is still limited information on Tl concentrations in the environment and their risks to human health and wildlife. This paper provides an overview of the contamination of surface water and sediments by Tl across China and assesses the potential risks using several methods. The acute and chronic aquatic life criteria for Tl were determined to be 13.25 and 1.65 μg/L, respectively. The acute and chronic risk quotients (RQs) of Tl in surface water near mining areas were 0.01-41.51 and 0.20-666.67, respectively, indicating medium to high ecological risks to aquatic organisms. Tl in sediments of Pearl and Gaofeng rivers pose a high risk based on the higher geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and potential ecological risk index (EI) values. Exposure parameters for the Chinese population were used to derive health criteria and assess non-carcinogenic risk posed by Tl in centralized drinking water sources. Tl criteria for protection of human health were calculated to be 0.18 μg/L for water+organisms and 0.30 μg/L for organisms only. The non-carcinogenic risk posed by Tl was acceptable. The human health criteria of Tl for children were the lowest among all age groups. The risks posed by Tl to health of children are greater than those for adults. Therefore, emphasis should be placed on protecting children from exposure to Tl. For the Chinese population, the drinking water guidance value to ensure protection of human health was determined to be 0.44 μg/L. The availability of multiple Tl guidance values for designated water uses will improve the environmental regulation and surveillance of Tl pollution in China and other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yanru Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Haiqing Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Fengchang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - John P Giesy
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada; Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48895, USA; Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798-7266, USA
| | - Jiwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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Anik AH, Khan R, Hossain S, Siddique MAB, Tamim U, Islam ARMT, Idris AM, Tareq SM. Reconciling the geogenic and non-crustal origins of elements in an Indo-Bangla transboundary river, Atrai: Pollution status, sediment quality, and preliminary risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114134. [PMID: 35998696 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study has been conducted on an anthropogenically less influenced transboundary river (Atrai: Indo-Bangladesh) to comprehend the inherent geochemistry and identify potential elemental sources. In doing so, across the Bangladeshi portion, 30 river-bed samples were culled and studied by neutron activation analysis to quantify the abundances of 15 geochemically and toxicologically significant elementals (Na, Al, K, Ti, Cr, Mn, Co, Zn, As, Rb, Sb, Cs, Ba, Th, and U). The results revealed that the mean concentrations (μg/g) of Rb (154.6), Cs (7.53), Th (20.90), and U (4.88) were 1.5-2.0 times higher than crustal values. Besides, geo-environmental indices revealed 'uncontaminated to moderately contaminated' pollution status with minor enrichment or contamination for Rb, Th, Sb, U, and Cs, relatively concentrated in the mid-to-downstream zone possessed geogenic and non-crustal origins. The positive matrix factorization and other statistical approaches revealed predominant geogenic enrichment of Na, K, Al, Ti, Zn, Cs, Rb, As, Th, and U from differential mineralogical compositions via weathering, elemental fractionations, and biogeochemical mobilization. Contrariwise, several anthropogenic sources (for Cr, Sb, Co, Mn, Th) were also ascertained in the vicinity of Atari River. However, sediment characterization based on SQG threshold values manifested that Cr and Mn possess rare biological effects on local aquatic organisms. Nevertheless, SQGs-based and ecological risk indices invoked minor to no potential ecotoxicological intimidations for the considered metal(oid)s (Cr, Mn, Co, Zn, As, and Sb). Hence, this study manifested the usefulness of a less anthropogenically affected river to reckon geogenic and non-crustal elemental origins in the compounded riverine sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Hasan Anik
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh; Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Shabiha Hossain
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh; Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Bakar Siddique
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Umma Tamim
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - A R M Towfiqul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shafi M Tareq
- Hydrobiogeochemistry and Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
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11
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Özkan EY, Fural Ş, Kükrer S, Büyükışık HB. Seasonal and spatial variations of ecological risk from potential toxic elements in the southern littoral zone of İzmir Inner Gulf, Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:62669-62689. [PMID: 35411511 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19987-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the ecological risk level of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in İzmir Inner Gulf. Samples were taken from 16 stations selected in the southern littoral zone of the gulf for four seasons (winter, spring, summer, and autumn). Multi-element, total organic carbon, chlorophyll-a, biogenic silica and carbonate analyses were carried out. To determine contamination level and ecological risks, some indices (enrichment factor, modified hazard quotient and potential risk analysis, toxic risk index, etc.) were calculated. Mo and Pb show significant anthropogenic enrichment in the inner gulf. These are followed by Cu, Cd, and Zn with moderate accumulation. Risk assessment indices point out that Ni, Cr, and Cd have a serious potential to create risk for ecosystem, and these are followed by As, Hg, Pb, Zn, and Cu. According to the spatial distribution, land use maps, and factor analysis, the Cd, Zn, and Cr increases are localized at the mouth of the Poligon Stream. Pb and Cu accumulate at the mouth of four large streams feeding the eastern part of the gulf. Pb and Cu enrichment is associated with traffic and industrial discharges. While one of the sources of Hg is anthropogenic, another source is eutrophication resulting from benthic and planktonic diatom blooms. While Fe and Mn are added to the gulf via rivers as a result of rock and soil erosion, another source is sediment. Cr, As, and Ni come from anthropogenic and lithogenic sources and immobilized in sediment. CO3-2 source is marine (biogenic) and dilutes other immobilized PTEs. It is understood that the peripheral stations rich in allochthonous organic carbon and the stations close to the central area rich in autochthonous organic carbon contribute to the carbon source in question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Yesim Özkan
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Şakir Fural
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Serkan Kükrer
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Humanities and Literature, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Hasan Baha Büyükışık
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
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12
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Bibi I, Niazi NK, Shahid M, Ali F, Masood Ul Hasan I, Rahman MM, Younas F, Hussain MM, Mehmood T, Shaheen SM, Naidu R, Rinklebe J. Distribution and ecological risk assessment of trace elements in the paddy soil-rice ecosystem of Punjab, Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 307:119492. [PMID: 35597483 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements (TEs) contamination of agricultural soils requires suitable criteria for regulating their toxicity limits in soil and food crops, which depends on their potential ecological risk spanning regional to global scales. However, no comprehensive study is available that links TE concentrations in paddy soil with ecological and human health risks in less developed regions like Pakistan. Here we evaluated the data set to establish standard guidelines for defining the hazard levels of various potentially toxic TEs (such as As, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Zn) in agricultural paddy soils of Punjab, Pakistan. In total, 100 topsoils (at 0-15 cm depth) and 204 rice plant (shoot and grain) samples were collected from five ecological zones of Punjab (Gujranwala, Hafizabad, Vehari, Mailsi, and Burewala), representing the major rice growing regions in Pakistan. The degree of contamination (Cd) and potential ecological risk index (PERI) established from ecological risk models were substantially higher in 100% and 97% of samples, respectively. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) model revealed that the elevated TEs concentration, notably Cd, As, Cr, Ni, and Pb, in the agricultural paddy soil was attributed to the anthropogenic activities and groundwater irrigation. Moreover, the concentration of these TEs in rice grains was higher than the FAO/WHO's safe limits. This study provided a baseline, albeit critical knowledge, on the impact of TE-allied ecological and human health risks in the paddy soil-rice system in Pakistan; and it opens new avenues for setting TEs guidelines in agro-ecological zones globally, especially in underdeveloped regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Bibi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Fawad Ali
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane, 4111, QLD, Australia; Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Mareeba, 4880, QLD, Australia.
| | - Israr Masood Ul Hasan
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan; State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Fazila Younas
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mahroz Hussain
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mehmood
- College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province, 570228, PR China
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University, Solan, 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India
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13
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Tran TS, Dinh VC, Nguyen TAH, Kim KW. Soil contamination and health risk assessment from heavy metals exposure near mining area in Bac Kan province, Vietnam. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:1189-1202. [PMID: 35064383 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01168-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mining activities in Vietnam have resulted in potential heavy metals contamination, which unfavorably influences soil quality and represents a risk to human health. This study was designed to investigate the heavy metals contamination in the vicinity of the Pb-Zn and Au mines. Soil samples were collected along the stream, and then, solutions were prepared by a modified Aqua Regia method. They were analyzed by ICP-MS for trace elements, and the analytical result data of 7 elements (As, Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were used to define pollution indices with statistical results and to interpret the health risk assessment. For the preliminary identification of the pollution sources near the Pb-Zn mine of the elements, statistical analysis (including principal component analysis and Spearman correlation coefficient) and information about mineral composition ore and surrounding rocks were applied. The analytical results of heavy metals showed that the average concentrations of As and Pb were higher than the Vietnam standard for residential soil by about eight and three times, respectively. Pollution indices also indicated that Pb and As were the highest contamination factors in the soil near Pb-Zn mine and Au mine, respectively. Statistical analysis results revealed that the pollution sources of these elements in the soil near the Pb-Zn mine were a combination of anthropogenic and geogenic sources. Health risk assessment pointed out that children were at higher risk than adults in both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Son Tran
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
- Laboratory of Quality Assurance, National Institute for Food Control (NIFC), 65 Pham Than Duat, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Viet Chien Dinh
- Heavy Metals and Minerals Laboratory, National Institute for Food Control (NIFC), 65 Pham Than Duat, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Anh Huong Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Kyoung-Woong Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, South Korea.
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14
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da Silva LC, Martins MVA, Castelo WFL, Saibro MB, Rangel D, Pereira E, Bergamaschi S, Sousa SHME, Varela J, Laut L, Frontalini F, Chaves H, Reis AT, Aguilera O, Zaaboub N, Cheriyan E, Geraldes MC. Trace metals enrichment and potential ecological risk in sediments of the Sepetiba Bay (Rio de Janeiro, SE Brazil). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 177:113485. [PMID: 35278908 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Sepetiba Bay (SB; SE Brazil) has been severely affected by growing of urbanization and industrial activity. This work aims to analyze the evolution of contamination by metals of sediments in SB. The results show a marked increasing trend in the concentrations of potentially toxic elements (PTEs), which is consistent with the rapid populational and industrial growth, mostly since 1970 CE. The remobilization and redistribution of sediments by currents have contributed to the dispersion of metals from the main source of pollutants to relatively distant regions. "Moderately to strongly polluted" sediments are also recorded in some sites in deeper sedimentary layers (namely in preindustrial periods), probably due to lithologic sources of the sediments. The concentrations of PTEs in SB are relatively high when compared with those found globally and in other Brazilian water bodies. Samples of high-resolution sediment cores confirmed that potential ecological risk to the coastal system is influenced not only through human actions but also by natural causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Cristine da Silva
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Faculdade de Geologia, Av. São Francisco Xavier, 24, sala 2020A, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Virginia Alves Martins
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Faculdade de Geologia, Av. São Francisco Xavier, 24, sala 2020A, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Universidade de Aveiro, GeoBioTec, Departamento de Geociências, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Wellen Fernanda Louzada Castelo
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Faculdade de Geologia, Av. São Francisco Xavier, 24, sala 2020A, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Murilo Barros Saibro
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Faculdade de Geologia, Av. São Francisco Xavier, 24, sala 2020A, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Dandara Rangel
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, 4° andar, Bloco E, sala 4018, CEP 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Egberto Pereira
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Faculdade de Geologia, Av. São Francisco Xavier, 24, sala 2020A, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Sergio Bergamaschi
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Faculdade de Geologia, Av. São Francisco Xavier, 24, sala 2020A, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Silvia Helena Mello E Sousa
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo (IOUSP), Pça. Do Oceanográfico, 191, Butantã, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Josefa Varela
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, 4° andar, Bloco E, sala 4018, CEP 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lazaro Laut
- Laboratório de Micropaleontologia - LabMicro, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Av. Pasteur, 436, Urca, CEP 22290-240 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabrizio Frontalini
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Hernani Chaves
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Faculdade de Geologia, Av. São Francisco Xavier, 24, sala 2020A, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - António Tadeu Reis
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, 4° andar, Bloco E, sala 4018, CEP 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Orangel Aguilera
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Laboratorio de Paleoecologia e Mudanças Globais Campus de Gragoatá, Bloco M, CEP: 24210-200 Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Noureddine Zaaboub
- Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer, Department of Marine Science, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Eldhose Cheriyan
- Department of Chemical Oceanography, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin 682016, Kerala, India
| | - Mauro César Geraldes
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Faculdade de Geologia, Av. São Francisco Xavier, 24, sala 2020A, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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15
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Kormoker T, Kabir MH, Khan R, Islam MS, Shammi RS, Al MA, Proshad R, Tamim U, Sarker ME, Taj MTI, Akter A, Idris AM. Road dust-driven elemental distribution in megacity Dhaka, Bangladesh: environmental, ecological, and human health risks assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:22350-22371. [PMID: 34782979 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17369-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Road dust, which reflects ambient air quality, receives various pollutants including toxic metal(oid)s from several natural and/or anthropogenic sources. This manuscript reports a comprehensive evaluation of the levels of seventeen metal(oid)s in road dust of a megacity (Dhaka, Bangladesh). Different evaluation approaches were implemented including statistical analysis and GIS mapping, besides environmental, ecological, and human health risk indices. From 30 sampling sites, representative samples were collected, which were analyzed by neutron activation analysis. The average concentrations (± SD) of Na, Mg, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, As, Rb, Sb, Cs, Ba, and W were 11,738 ± 560 µg g-1, 12,410 ± 1249 µg g-1, 62,127 ± 5937 µg g-1, 8.89 ± 0.47 µg g-1, 5224 ± 1244 µg g-1, 66 ± 8 µg g-1, 66.7 ± 6.9 µg g-1, 547 ± 110 µg g-1, 25,150 ± 1723 µg g-1, 8.39 ± 0.65 µg g-1, 125 ± 17 µg g-1, 3.63 ± 0.56 µg g-1, 87 ± 9 µg g-1, 0.75 ± 0.28 µg g-1, 4.40 ± 0.48 µg g-1, 397 ± 87 µg g-1, and 3.82 ± 1.77 µg g-1, respectively. The distance-based redundancy analysis showed that the northern region was enriched with Na, Mn, Al, Fe, Zn, and Rb, while the southern region was enriched with Fe, Al, Ti, Cr, and Mg. The GIS mapping shows hot spots of Sc, Cr, Zn, and Cs were observed mostly in heavy traffic areas. Significant positive correlations of Fe-Sc, Al-Mg, V-Mg, V-Al, Cs-Rb, Cs-Sc, Rb-Sc, As-Na, and Cs-Rb invoked their inter-dependency and persistence in road dust. Depending on a set of environmental and ecological index-based calculation, the degree of metal(oid) pollution followed the descending order as W > Sb > Zn > Cr > As > Ti > Sc > V, while no pollution was recorded by Mn, Fe, Al, Rb, Cs, Co, and Ba. Importantly, the total hazard index values for adults and children were higher than unity, indicating potential non-carcinogenic health risks from exposure of road dust. Furthermore, the total carcinogenic risks from Cr and As through ingestion and dermal contact exceeded the standard guideline values. The implementation of different evaluation approaches strengthens the findings of metal(oid) source apportionment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapos Kormoker
- Department of Emergency Management, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, 8602, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Humayun Kabir
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, 8602, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Rifat Shahid Shammi
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Mamun Abdullah Al
- Aquatic Eco-Health Group, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Ram Proshad
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Umma Tamim
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Md Eusuf Sarker
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | | | - Ayesha Akter
- Department of Emergency Management, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, 8602, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 9004, Saudi Arabia.
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia.
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16
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Li Y, Zhou H, Gao B, Xu D. Improved enrichment factor model for correcting and predicting the evaluation of heavy metals in sediments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:142437. [PMID: 33011598 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As the most widely used method for evaluating heavy metals (HMs) in soil or sediment, the enrichment factor (EF) is prone to bias and even yields misleading assessment results for HM pollution due to data uncertainties, lack of local background values and a failure to assess the comprehensive pollution of multiple HMs. Here, we developed an improved EF model integrating stochastic mathematical methods and geochemical baselines (GBs). First, GBs were obtained using the relative cumulative frequency distribution method. The probability that each HM belongs to each enrichment degree was then quantified based on the probability density function deduced from the maximum entropy method. Furthermore, we defined a synthetic index to reveal the probability that multiple HMs belongs to comprehensive enrichment degree considering the weight of each HM. Finally, the enrichment category for each HM and multiple HMs were determined following the first-order moment principle. The improved EF model was successfully applied to evaluate and predict the HM pollution in sediments collected from Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China. Slight enrichment (1.88) of multiple HMs was found in sediments from Poyang Lake, characterized by a pronounced probability (0.35) to deteriorate to the "moderate enrichment" category. Among the different HMs, Cd requires more attention considering its dominant contribution (0.51) to the comprehensive pollution and high probability (0.65) for deterioration. Otherwise, assessment results employing the improved EF model agree with the spatial patterns of HM concentrations based on spatial autocorrelation analysis and source apportionment using Pb isotopic signatures and principal component analysis. Compared with the conventional EF method, the assessment results of the improved EF model were more accurate, comprehensive and reliable. In conclusion, the improved EF model has a better capability of evaluating and predicting HM enrichment in sediments and can be helpful for optimizing control measures for HM pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China; Department of Water Ecology and Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Huaidong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China; Department of Water Ecology and Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Bo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China; Department of Water Ecology and Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China.
| | - Dongyu Xu
- Department of Water Ecology and Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
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17
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An easy and simple kilowatt-MPT-MS-based metal elements analysis method for rapid environmental water monitoring: An example from Poyang Lake of China. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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18
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Kükrer S, Erginal AE, Kılıç Ş, Bay Ö, Akarsu T, Öztura E. Ecological risk assessment of surface sediments of Çardak Lagoon along a human disturbance gradient. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:359. [PMID: 32399640 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08336-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lagoons are the hotspot ecosystems whose sustainability should be secured using the ecological assessment indicators. This study aimed to quantify the surface sediment metal distributions of Çardak Lagoon in the Marmara region of Turkey, to characterize their natural and anthropogenic sources and transport mechanisms and to assess their potential ecological risks. The surface sediment samples were collected from 11 stations using Van Veen grab, while for the background values to be determined, core sampling was used from two stations. The analyses of multiple elements, total organic carbon, carbonate, and chlorophyll degradation by-products were carried out to characterize sediments. Enrichment factor and the indices of potential ecological and toxic risks were applied to assess the ecological status of the surface sediments. The operation of the gold mine in the close vicinity was found to be responsible for the enrichment of Au and Hg in the lagoon sediments. Cd, Tl, Sb, and Sr were the other elements responsible for the enrichment. The potential risk levels of the lagoon varied between the low and significant levels. The riskiest elements were found to be Hg and Cd which in turn pointed to the mining and agricultural activities as the most dominant human disturbance. The toxic risk index of Çardak Lagoon was estimated to range from 5.21 to 11.00, with a low mean value of 7.98. The C:N ratio range of 8.52 to 134.93 (a mean of 29.07) indicated that the organic C source was mostly of the terrestrial origin, in particular, from the surrounding agricultural lands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Kükrer
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Humanities and Letters, Ardahan University, 75002, Ardahan, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Evren Erginal
- Department of Turkish and Social Science Education, Faculty of Education, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Şeref Kılıç
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ardahan University, 75002, Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Özender Bay
- Department of Turkish and Social Science Education, Faculty of Education, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Taylan Akarsu
- Department of Turkish and Social Science Education, Faculty of Education, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Erdal Öztura
- Department of Turkish and Social Science Education, Faculty of Education, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100, Çanakkale, Turkey
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