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Pitt H, McCarthy S, Randle M, Daube M, Thomas SL. Young people's views about the use of celebrities and social media influencers in gambling marketing. Health Promot Int 2024; 39:daae012. [PMID: 38341758 PMCID: PMC10859070 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daae012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Young people's exposure to gambling marketing has had a clear impact on their gambling attitudes, risk perceptions and consumption intentions. Celebrities and social media influencers (SMIs) are increasingly used by the gambling industry in a wide range of promotions. While there is evidence that these types of promotions are influential in shaping young people's attitudes towards other harmful products, there is limited evidence in relation to gambling. Qualitative focus groups (n = 22) with n = 64, 12-17 year olds were conducted in Australia. These investigated young people's exposure to celebrity and SMI marketing for gambling and the influence they perceived this marketing had on young people's gambling attitudes. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to construct four themes from the data. First, young people perceived that celebrities and SMIs created additional appeal and recall of gambling advertisements because they were attention grabbing and familiar. Second, young people thought that celebrities and SMIs increased the trust, legitimacy and social acceptance of gambling. Third, the use of celebrities and SMIs lowered the perceptions of risk associated with gambling. Lastly, there were suggestions to reduce the impact of celebrity and SMI gambling promotions on young people, such as bans and restrictions. This study highlights the importance of a comprehensive approach to preventing young people's exposure to gambling marketing, that not only considers imposing stronger regulations to restrict the way the gambling industry is allowed to promote its products, but also aims to counter the novel ways the gambling industry attempts to appeal to children and young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Pitt
- Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Locked bag 20000, Geelong, Vic 3220, Australia
| | - Simone McCarthy
- Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Locked bag 20000, Geelong, Vic 3220, Australia
| | - Melanie Randle
- Faculty of Business and Law, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Mike Daube
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Samantha L Thomas
- Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Locked bag 20000, Geelong, Vic 3220, Australia
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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Prescott SL, Logan AC, D’Adamo CR, Holton KF, Lowry CA, Marks J, Moodie R, Poland B. Nutritional Criminology: Why the Emerging Research on Ultra-Processed Food Matters to Health and Justice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:120. [PMID: 38397611 PMCID: PMC10888116 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21020120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
There is mounting concern over the potential harms associated with ultra-processed foods, including poor mental health and antisocial behavior. Cutting-edge research provides an enhanced understanding of biophysiological mechanisms, including microbiome pathways, and invites a historical reexamination of earlier work that investigated the relationship between nutrition and criminal behavior. Here, in this perspective article, we explore how this emergent research casts new light and greater significance on previous key observations. Despite expanding interest in the field dubbed 'nutritional psychiatry', there has been relatively little attention paid to its relevancy within criminology and the criminal justice system. Since public health practitioners, allied mental health professionals, and policymakers play key roles throughout criminal justice systems, a holistic perspective on both historical and emergent research is critical. While there are many questions to be resolved, the available evidence suggests that nutrition might be an underappreciated factor in prevention and treatment along the criminal justice spectrum. The intersection of nutrition and biopsychosocial health requires transdisciplinary discussions of power structures, industry influence, and marketing issues associated with widespread food and social inequalities. Some of these discussions are already occurring under the banner of 'food crime'. Given the vast societal implications, it is our contention that the subject of nutrition in the multidisciplinary field of criminology-referred to here as nutritional criminology-deserves increased scrutiny. Through combining historical findings and cutting-edge research, we aim to increase awareness of this topic among the broad readership of the journal, with the hopes of generating new hypotheses and collaborations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan L. Prescott
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;
- Nova Institute for Health, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA;
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- The ORIGINS Project, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Alan C. Logan
- Nova Institute for Health, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA;
| | - Christopher R. D’Adamo
- Nova Institute for Health, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA;
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Kathleen F. Holton
- Departments of Health Studies and Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA;
| | - Christopher A. Lowry
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience and Center for Microbial Exploration, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA;
| | - John Marks
- Department of Criminal Justice, Louisiana State University of Alexandria, Alexandria, LA 71302, USA;
| | - Rob Moodie
- School of Population and Global Health (MSPGH), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia;
| | - Blake Poland
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5R 0A3, Canada;
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Ukhova D, Marionneau V, Nikkinen J, Wardle H. Public health approaches to gambling: a global review of legislative trends. Lancet Public Health 2024; 9:e57-e67. [PMID: 37944544 PMCID: PMC10927617 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-2667(23)00221-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The public health community has called for governments to recognise the harms associated with gambling, and for gambling policies to include population-based harm prevention approaches. This Health Policy explores the translation of this call into global policy action by systematically reviewing legislation of jurisdictions that introduced major gambling legislation change (ie, restricting or extending gambling provision) between Jan 1, 2018, and Dec 31, 2021. We mapped the global availability of legal gambling and changes in its provision, and conducted critical frame analysis on a sample of 33 jurisdictions introducing major policy change to assess the extent to which the protection of health and wellbeing was embedded within legislation. More than 80% of countries worldwide now legally permit gambling. Harmful gambling was recognised as a health and wellbeing issue in most of the analysed jurisdictions, but near-exclusive focus was given to individual-level harms rather than to wider social and economic harms, or harms to others. Most of the proposed prevention measures focused on individual responsibility. Gambling policies worldwide are changing, but addressing gambling as a public health issue is not yet translating into comprehensive policy action across jurisdictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Ukhova
- School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Virve Marionneau
- Centre for Research on Addiction, Control and Governance, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janne Nikkinen
- Centre for Research on Addiction, Control and Governance, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heather Wardle
- School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Kehoe TJ, May A, Holbrook C, Barker R, Hill D, Jones H, Moodie R, Varnava A, Westmore A. The past as present in health promotion: the case for a 'public health humanities'. Health Promot Int 2023; 38:daad163. [PMID: 38128084 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daad163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Health promotion is conceived as a unifying concept for improving the health of populations. This means addressing the socio-cultural, economic and commercial causes of ill-health, which are necessarily informed by past policies and socio-cultural contexts. However, historical scholarship has rarely figured in health promotion practice or scholarship. This gap resides in the determinants of health, and notably in the analyses of tobacco control and skin cancer prevention, two long-running campaigns that have shaped modern health promotion in Australia. Both highlight a need for understanding the profound impact of history on the present and the value of learning from past successes and failures. Doing so requires integrating historical analyses into existing health promotion scholarship. To achieve this aim, we present a new 'public health humanities' methodology. This novel interdisciplinary framework is conceived as a spectrum in which historical studies integrate with existing health promotion disciplines to solve complex health problems. We draw on the many calls for more interdisciplinarity in health promotion and derive this methodology from proposals in the medical humanities and cognate fields that have wrestled with combining history and present-focused disciplines. Using tobacco control and skin cancer prevention as case studies, we demonstrate how public health humanities uses interdisciplinary teams and shared research questions to generate valuable new knowledge unavailable with traditional methods. Furthermore, we show how it creates evaluation criteria to consider the powerful impact of issues like colonialism on current inequities that hinder health promotion strategies, and from which lessons may be derived for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Kehoe
- Cancer Council of Victoria, 200 Victoria Pde., East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002, Australia
| | - Andrew May
- School of Historical and Philosophical Studies, University of Melbourne, Arts West Building, Arts West - North Wing, Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Carolyn Holbrook
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia
| | - Richie Barker
- School of Communications and Creative Arts, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia
| | - David Hill
- Cancer Council of Victoria, 200 Victoria Pde., East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002, Australia
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, 207 Bouverie St, Carlton, Victoria, 3053, Australia
| | - Hayley Jones
- McCabe Centre for Law and Cancer, 200 Victoria Pde., East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002, Australia
| | - Rob Moodie
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia
| | - Andrekos Varnava
- College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ann Westmore
- School of Historical and Philosophical Studies, University of Melbourne, Arts West Building, Arts West - North Wing, Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
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