Family's Supportive Behaviors in the Care of the Patient Admitted to the Cardiac Care Unit: A Qualitative Study

The clarification of the concept of colostomy nursing care in ostomy care centers: A concept analysis through Walker and Avant's method

BACKGROUND

Specialist nurses need to have an accurate understanding of colostomy care-related concepts to provide care. Although patients with different types of ostomy have different types of needs, terms such as ostomy care, colostomy care, and ileostomy nursing are interchangeably used. Moreover, there are limited concept analysis studies into the concept of colostomy nursing care (CNC) in ostomy care centers (OCCs). The aim of this study was to analyze and clarify the concept of CNC in outpatient OCCs.

METHODS AND MATERIAL

This was a concept analysis study. This concept analysis was conducted using Walker and Avant's eight-step method. The online databases were searched until 2022 to retrieve documents on CNC. Finally, 35 articles and four books were included in the analysis, the defining attributes, antecedents, and consequences of the concepts were determined, and model and additional cases as well as empirical referents were presented.

RESULTS

The defining attributes of CNC in OCCs are the development of professional role, participatory practice and interdisciplinary care, selection of the best clinical procedures, care based on patient education, and patient rehabilitation. The antecedents of the concept are nurse-related antecedents, patient- and family-related antecedents, environmental antecedents, and professional rules and regulations. Its consequences are patients' and families' greater care-related knowledge, improvement of nurses' care quality, patient autonomy, and self-efficacy.

CONCLUSION

The concept of CNC in OCCs can be defined as "a continuous and coherent care based on knowledge, skill, expertise, experience, and colostomy type which uses interdisciplinary collaboration and the best available evidence in order to select and provide the best services according to patients' and families' culture and background, fulfill patients' physical, mental, sexual, social, and spiritual needs, and timely refer patients to specialists, with the ultimate goal of improving patient autonomy and facilitating their return to normal life."

A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study of Nurses' and Family Members' Perceptions on Priority and Satisfaction in Meeting the Needs of Family Members at the Emergency Department

INTRODUCTION

Family members experience considerable physiological, psychological, and emotional pressure when accompanying a critically ill relative in the emergency department. The culture and context of care influence the needs of the family, and a thorough understanding of these needs by health care professionals is essential to providing patient- and family-centered care. This study aimed to compare nurses' and family members' perceptions of the priorities of family member needs and their satisfaction with meeting those needs in the emergency department.

METHODS

A comparative, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted. Participants were 140 family members of patients receiving care and 122 nurses working in the emergency department in hospitals of Tabriz University of Medical Science, in Iran. The data were collected through Critical Care Family Needs Inventory-ED and analyzed with SPSS Statistics software.

RESULTS

Family members rated their care needs as significantly greater than did nurses (129.45 [31.5] vs 124.45 [24.8], P = .003). Families rated their needs as having been met significantly less than the nurses estimated (103.6 [17.6] vs 110.8 [19.61], P < .05).

DISCUSSION

The perceived importance of the patient's family's needs differed from the viewpoints of the patient's family members and the nurses. In addition, emergency nurses overestimated the extent to which family members' needs were met compared with family members. To more adequately gauge and meet the needs of family members, nurses need to acquire more knowledge about patient family needs in the emergency department.

How is family health related to health-related quality of life among middle-aged and older adults in rural China? A cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND

Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is unequal between countries and regions, and the emphasis on HRQOL of populations of low-income countries and regions is unprecedented.

OBJECTIVES

To examine the association between family health and HRQOL among middle-aged and older adults in rural China, and determine whether this association differs by age, gender and chronic disease subgroup.

METHODS

Cross-sectional survey carried out from July to September 2021. The participants were 1059 people aged 46 and over living in rural China. We used the European Quality of Life Five Dimension Five Level (EQ-5D-5L) and Family Health Scale-Short Form (FHS-SF) to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and family health, respectively.

RESULTS

The mean EQ-VAS was 75.66, the mean EQ index score was 0.92, and the mean FHS was 37.90 in rural middle-aged and older adults. After Bonferroni correction, generalised linear regression models showed that FHS was significantly associated with the EQ-VAS (β = 0.829; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.660 to 0.997; p < .001) and the EQ index score (β = 0.003; 95%CI: 0.001 to 0.004; p < .001). Binary logistic regression models showed that FHS was associated with three dimensions of HRQOL (mobility, self-care and usual activities) (p < .01). Based on subgroup analyses, the effect of FHS on EQ-VAS and the EQ index score was significant in three subgroups after Bonferroni correction (p < .01), but the association between FHS and the dimensions of HRQOL differed by age, gender and chronic disease group (p > .01).

CONCLUSIONS

This study is the first to explore that family health and its dimensions are significant positive predictors of HRQOL among middle-aged and older adults in rural China. Family-based measures may have more potential and value because better family health significantly improves HRQOL.

IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE

In the health strategy, the government and primary health care workers should include family health as an indicator and assess it before and after the implementation of the strategy.

Strategies to prevent medical errors by nursing interns: a qualitative content analysis

BACKGROUND

Nursing interns often face the serious challenges and stress of clinical training. Identifying effective strategies in reducing medical errors can improve student performance and decrease patient risk and injury from errors. The purpose of this study was to identify strategies to prevent medical errors by nursing interns in Medical Universities in Sistan and Baluchistan, Southeast of Iran.

METHODS

This is a qualitative study using a content analysis approach. Purposive sampling was used. The study was conducted in 3 medical universities. Ten nursing interns participated in this study. Open-ended, semi-structured, and face-to-face, interviews were used to explore the experience of nursing interns about strategies to prevent medical errors during their internship.

RESULTS

Findings include 20 subcategories, 6 categories and one theme. The main theme is "strategies to prevent medical errors during internship". Six categories included "strategies to prevent medical errors during internship". These included "Professional acceptance and support", "Revision of the implementation of the educational curriculum", "Retraining courses for challenging skills", "Creating learning opportunities" "Professionalization", and "Facilities and requirements".

CONCLUSIONS

Preventing medical errors requires different strategies before and during nursing internship. Error prevention strategies include retraining and preparatory courses for challenging areas, evaluation of students' performance, and accepting students as members of the health care team, respecting and supporting them and protecting their rights. Learning from medical errors, analysis and reflection on errors should be part of the curriculum during the internship.

Patient's best interest as viewed by nursing students

BACKGROUND

In recent years, patient advocacy has emerged as a prominent concept within healthcare. How nursing students decide what is best for their patients is not well understood.

OBJECTIVE

The objective is to examine nursing students' views on doing what is best for patients during their clinical experiences and how they seek to establish patient interests when providing care. Research questions guiding the interview were as follows: (1) What are nursing students' perceptions of patient interests? (2) What factors influence nursing students' perceptions of advocating for patient's interests?

RESEARCH DESIGN

Qualitative descriptive research using thematic analysis.

PARTICIPANTS AND RESEARCH CONTEXT

Data was collected through individual online interviews with nine nursing students with clinical experience.

ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS

The study was approved by the University Research Ethics Committee. Participants provided digital informed consent.

RESULTS

The students asserted that they are able to understand the patients' interests by placing emphasis on the patients' needs. They believe that it is crucial to adopt a collaborative strategy for the provision of care to meet these requirements. In addition, some of them expressed concern over the most effective methods of advocating for the interests of patients. Three themes were identified. (1) Focussing on patient needs first, (2) taking a collective approach, and (3) learning how to advocate.

CONCLUSIONS

Students understand and value the ethical commitments associated with advocating for the patient's best interest by considering factors such as prioritising the patient's needs, adopting a strategy that involves everyone, and acquiring the ability to undertake the advocacy role. Additionally, nursing education strategies in clinical contexts require additional study to inspire students to do what is in their patient's best interests.

Mental Healthcare Consumers' Experiences of Mental Health Care: Variation in Knowledge by the Family Members and Support

Introduction

Knowledge and support by members of the family towards the care of the consumers of mental health services is the core priority and is noticeable by the users as it gives and eases the life of the users during therapy and rehabilitation. However, there have been documented instances of families that neglect their relatives with mental illnesses.

Objective

This study explored the experiences of mental healthcare consumers regarding family members' knowledge of mental disorders and support.

Methods

Participants who were granted leave of absence were selected through nonprobability, purposive sampling. Data were collected using face-to-face unstructured discussions. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's technique.

Results

Findings revealed misconceptions versus insight on the cause of mental disorders, knowledge deficit on the effect of treatment, poor support from family members, financial challenges perceived as a source of poor support, and lack of psychological support and its consequences. Mental healthcare consumers verbalized limited support from family members. They reported variation in terms of family members' knowledge of their mental condition.

Conclusion

Training family members on mental health illness is critical to the future of health care as there will be no misunderstanding between them and the consumers of mental health care. Healthcare consumers' feelings of sadness and anxiety could be avoided by avoiding conflicts over their social grants. The government should invest in assisting family members of mental healthcare consumers.

Schizophrenia: jinn, magic or disease? Experiences of family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia in Baloch ethnicity

BACKGROUND

Cultural and religious beliefs are effective on people's attitudes towards schizophrenia and their help-seeking behaviors. This study aimed to explain the experiences of family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia in Baloch ethnicity.

METHODS

This is a qualitative study with conventional content analysis approach. Purposive sampling was used and 21 participants, including family caregiver for patients with schizophrenia, a psychologist, a prayer-writer, and a normal person were interviewed in Sistan and Balochistan province in the southeast of Iran. Qualitative data were analyzed by Granheim and Lundman method.

RESULTS

One main theme, three categories, and 10 Sub-categories were extracted from analysis of interviews. "Immersion in the cultural beliefs" was the main theme of the study with categories of "Belief in the superstitious and supernatural nature of the psychological disease", "Superstitious beliefs, an attempt to free the patient", and "Conflict between cultural beliefs and science".

CONCLUSIONS

Help-seeking behaviors of family caregivers in Baloch ethnicity are influenced by their religious, superstitious, and cultural beliefs. Psycho-education should be part of all mental health education programs in these communities, as delays in treatment worsen the prognosis of people with schizophrenia. Training the medical staff to consider the culture, religion and therapeutic preferences of the Baloch people can be effective in advancing the goals. In addition, local influencers should stress the importance of health care alongside harmless local remedies.

Role of family in supporting children with mental disorders in Qatar

Background

Mental disorders can significantly impact children's lives and affect their emotional, cognitive, and behavioral development. Family support and care is critical to the well-being of children, particularly children with mental disorders. However, given the "gap" between research and practice"," there have been very few studies in the Arab region that focus on the role of the family in supporting children with mental disorders. The study also examines how families cope with caring for a person with mental disorders and what behaviors may influence the patient's distress. In addition, the study will examine the importance of family rehabilitation and integration of people with mental disorders into society.

Methods

The study adopts the descriptive-analytical method and uses a questionnaire to gather data from the participants. The 350-parents sample (with 113 boys, 237 girls) was selected from the Shafallah Center for Integrating People with Disability. Morgan's law is used to determine the sample size.

Results

The results show that there are statistically significant differences in the role of family members in supporting people with mental disorders due to two variables: Gender and Work. Age has no statistically significant effect on the role of family members in supporting people with mental disorders.

Conclusion

This study is the first study conducted to investigate the role of family in supporting children with mental disorders in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) in general and Qatar in particular. The results show that families should cope with the needs of a person with a mental disorder. Family rehabilitation is important in the care of people with mental disorders. There are certain behaviors of family members that can increase or decrease stress for the person. The results suggest that the family plays an essential role in supporting and promoting the lives of people with mental disorders and recommending effective ways to cope with them.

Factors Predicting Older Patients' Family Involvement by Nursing Staff in Hospitals: The View of Hospital Nurses in Israel

According to the family-centered approach, the involvement of family in the care of hospitalized older patients is a crucial element of quality care. Active involvement of family in care by the nursing staff depends on different factors, including attitudes towards the importance of family in the care and perception of the interactions with the family. This study aims to identify the factors predicting staff behavior of involving the family in the care process. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 179 nursing staff at a hospital, using a self-report questionnaire examining staff attitudes towards the importance of family in care, the perception of the interactions with the family (family behavior, communication and conflicts), and staff behavior toward family involvement. The findings point out the importance that staff attitudes have on their behavior in the active involvement of family in the care of older patients. Staff behavior of family involvement was predicted by their perceptions of the family (as conversational partners and having their own resources), less conflicts with the family, and staff academic education. Staff behavior toward family is influenced by their attitude and staff–family relationships. Educational programs should emphasize the importance of family, as well as dealing with conflicts.