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Gheysari R, Nikbaf-Shandiz M, Hosseini AM, Rasaei N, Hosseini S, Bahari H, Asbaghi O, Rastgoo S, Goudarzi K, Shiraseb F, Behmadi R. The effects of L-carnitine supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in participants with impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:185. [PMID: 39085907 PMCID: PMC11290177 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01415-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS L-carnitine plays a role related to cardiometabolic factors, but its effectiveness and safety in CVD are still unknown. We aim to assess the effect of L-carnitine supplementation on CVD risk factors. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus until October 2022. The main outcomes were lipid profiles, anthropometric parameters, insulin resistance, serum glucose levels, leptin, blood pressure, and inflammatory markers. The pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) was calculated using a random-effects model. RESULTS We included the 21 RCTs (n = 2900) with 21 effect sizes in this study. L-carnitine supplementation had a significant effect on TG (WMD = - 13.50 mg/dl, p = 0.039), LDL (WMD = - 12.66 mg/dl, p < 0.001), FBG (WMD = - 6.24 mg/dl, p = 0.001), HbA1c (WMD = -0.37%, p = 0.013) HOMA-IR (WMD = -0.72, p = 0.038 (, CRP (WMD = - 0.07 mg/dl, P = 0.037), TNF-α (WMD = - 1.39 pg/ml, p = 0.033), weight (WMD = - 1.58 kg, p = 0.001 (, BMI (WMD = - 0.28 kg/m2, p = 0.017(, BFP (WMD = - 1.83, p < 0.001) and leptin (WMD = - 2.21 ng/ml, p = 0.003 (in intervention, compared to the placebo group, in the pooled analysis. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis demonstrated that administration of L-carnitine in diabetic and glucose intolerance patients can significantly reduce TG, LDL-C, FBG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, CRP, TNF-α, weight, BMI, BFP, and leptin levels. PROSPERO registration code: CRD42022366992.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezvan Gheysari
- Shohada-E-Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Mehdi Hosseini
- Faculty of Medical Sciences and Technologies, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Rasaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Hosseini
- School of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hossein Bahari
- Transplant Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Rastgoo
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kian Goudarzi
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Shiraseb
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Behmadi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhou K, Tang M, Zhang W, Chen Y, Guan Y, Huang R, Duan J, Liu Z, Ji X, Jiang Y, Hu Y, Zhang X, Zhou J, Chen M. Exposure to Molybdate Results in Metabolic Disorder: An Integrated Study of the Urine Elementome and Serum Metabolome in Mice. TOXICS 2024; 12:288. [PMID: 38668511 PMCID: PMC11053804 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The increasing use of molybdate has raised concerns about its potential toxicity in humans. However, the potential toxicity of molybdate under the current level of human exposure remains largely unknown. Endogenous metabolic alterations that are caused in humans by environmental exposure to pollutants are associated with the occurrence and progression of many diseases. This study exposed eight-week-old male C57 mice to sodium molybdate at doses relevant to humans (0.01 and 1 mg/kg/day) for eight weeks. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) were utilized to assess changes in urine element levels and serum metabolites in mice, respectively. A total of 838 subjects from the NHANES 2017-2018 population database were also included in our study to verify the associations between molybdenum and cadmium found in mice. Analysis of the metabolome in mice revealed that four metabolites in blood serum exhibited significant changes, including 5-aminolevulinic acid, glycolic acid, l-acetylcarnitine, and 2,3-dihydroxypropyl octanoate. Analysis of the elementome revealed a significant increase in urine levels of cadmium after molybdate exposure in mice. Notably, molybdenum also showed a positive correlation with cadmium in humans from the NHANES database. Further analysis identified a positive correlation between cadmium and 2,3-dihydroxypropyl octanoate in mice. In conclusion, these findings suggest that molybdate exposure disrupted amino acid and lipid metabolism, which may be partially mediated by molybdate-altered cadmium levels. The integration of elementome and metabolome data provides sensitive information on molybdate-induced metabolic disorders and associated toxicities at levels relevant to human exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Miaomiao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Sir Run Run Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (W.Z.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yanling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yusheng Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Rui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jiawei Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zibo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiaoming Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yingtong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yanhui Hu
- Sir Run Run Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (W.Z.); (Y.H.)
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Hygienic Analysis and Detection, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Minjian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (K.Z.); (M.T.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.); (R.H.); (J.D.); (Z.L.); (X.J.); (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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Musazadeh V, Alinejad H, Esfahani NK, Kavyani Z, Keramati M, Roshanravan N, Mosharkesh E, Dehghan P. The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid profile in adults: an umbrella meta-analysis on interventional meta-analyses. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1214734. [PMID: 37727632 PMCID: PMC10506516 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1214734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous meta-analyses investigating the therapeutic effects of L-carnitine on lipid profiles have demonstrated inconsistent results. The present umbrella meta-analysis aimed to investigate the impact of efficacy of L-carnitine on lipid profiles in adults. Methods Databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched up to June 2023. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model. Results Our results from thirteen meta-analyses indicated that L-carnitine supplementation significantly total cholesterol (TC) (ES = -1.05 mg/dL, 95% CI: -1.71, -0.39; p = 0.002), triglycerides (TG) (ES = -2.51 mg/dL; 95% CI: -3.62, -1.39, p < 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (ES = -4.81 mg/dL; 95% CI: -6.04, -3.59; p < 0.001). It also increased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (ES: 0.66 mg/dL, 95% CI: 0.20, 1.12, p = 0.005) levels. Conclusion The present umbrella meta-analysis suggests supplementation with L-carnitine in a dosage of more than 2 g/day can improve lipid profile. Thus, L-carnitine supplementation can be recommended as an adjuvant anti-hyperlipidemic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vali Musazadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hanie Alinejad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Zeynab Kavyani
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Keramati
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Neda Roshanravan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Erfan Mosharkesh
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parvin Dehghan
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Li Y, Xie Y, Qiu C, Yu B, Yang F, Cheng Y, Zhong W, Yuan J. Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on glucolipid metabolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Food Funct 2023; 14:2502-2517. [PMID: 36815696 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02930h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background: L-carnitine supplementation has been utilized against glucolipid metabolism disruption. However, to the best of our knowledge, no meta-analysis process has analyzed the effects of L-carnitine supplementation on insulin resistance, fasting blood glucose, lipid metabolism, and liver enzyme levels in adults. Methods: Through the analysis and screening of 12 221 studies, 15 studies were selected from eligible trials for meta-analysis. Meta-analysis was performed in a random effect model with heterogeneity determined by I2, and subgroup analyses were used to further identify the source of heterogeneity. Result: The results showed significant effects of L-carnitine on FBG (MD = -4.94 mg dL-1, 95% CI: -7.07 to -2.82), insulin (MD = -0.99 μU mL-1, 95% CI: -1.41 to -0.56), HOMA-IR (MD = -0.58, 95% CI: -0.77 to -0.38), TG (MD = -11.22 mg dL-1, 95% CI: -19.21 to -3.22), TC (MD = -6.45 mg dL-1, 95% CI: -9.95 to -2.95, LDLc (MD = -8.28 mg dL-1, 95% CI: -11.08 to -5.47), and ALT (MD = -19.71 IU L-1, 95% CI: -36.45 to -2.96). However, no significant effect of L-carnitine supplementation was observed in HDLc (MD = -0.77 mg dL-1, 95% CI: -0.10 to -1.63) or AST (MD = -11.05 IU L-1, 95% CI: -23.08 to 0.99). The duration of carnitine supplementation was negatively associated with mean differences in FBG, as assessed by meta-regression. Conclusion: The current meta-analysis revealed that L-carnitine may have favorable effects on glucolipid profile, especially insulin, FBG, HOMA-IR, TG, TC, LDLc, and ALT levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Li
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Yuchen Xie
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Chensheng Qiu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Group, Qingdao, China
| | - Bowen Yu
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Fangzheng Yang
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Yuanchao Cheng
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Weizhen Zhong
- Human functional laboratory, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Junhua Yuan
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Asbaghi O, Naeini F, Ashtary-Larky D, Moradi S, Zakeri N, Eslampour E, Kelishadi MR, Naeini AA. Effects of chromium supplementation on lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 66:126741. [PMID: 33813266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of chromium supplementation on lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS A systematic search was performed in Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane library and PubMed databases to find randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to the effect of chromium supplementation on lipid profile in patients with T2DM, up to June 2020. Meta-analyses were performed using the random-effects model, and I2 index was used to evaluate heterogeneity. RESULTS The primary search yielded 725 publications. 24 RCTs (with 28 effect size) were eligible. Our meta-analysis indicated that chromium supplementation resulted in a significant decrease in serum levels of triglyceride (TG) (MD: -6.54 mg/dl, 95 % CI: -13.08 to -0.00, P = 0.050) and total cholesterol (TC) (WMD: -7.77 mg/dl, 95 % CI: -11.35 to -4.18, P < 0.001). Furthermore, chromium significantly increases high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (WMD: 2.23 mg/dl, 95 % CI: 0.07-4.40, P = 0.043) level. However, chromium supplementation did not have significant effects on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (WMD: -8.54 mg/dl, 95 % CI: -19.58 to 2.49, P = 0.129) level. CONCLUSION Chromium supplementation may significantly improve lipid profile in patients with T2DM by decreasing TG and TC and increasing HDL. However, based on our analysis, chromium failed to affect LDL. It should be noted that the lipid-lowering properties of chromium supplementation were small and may not reach clinical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Asbaghi
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Naeini
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Damoon Ashtary-Larky
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sajjad Moradi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Halal Research Centre of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Zakeri
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Eslampour
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Rezaei Kelishadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amirmansour Alavi Naeini
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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