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Eroğlu CN, Feslihan E, Karaca B, Elasan S. Treatment of Aphthous Ulcers with Photodynamic Therapy: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024:104284. [PMID: 39029772 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to assess whether photodynamic therapy (PDT) offers a clinically effective alternative for treating oral aphthous ulcers, contributing to the ongoing quest for methods to expedite their treatment process amidst the limited understanding of their etiology. MATERIALS AND METHOD The study involved thirty volunteers with aphthous ulcers, split equally between a control group and a PDT group. Patients in the PDT group received laser treatment using Indocyanine green upon admission, while the control group received no intervention. Lesion diameter was measured at presentation and on the 3rd, 5th, and 7th days for all patients, with wound healing assessed on the 7th day. Additionally, pain levels were evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) preoperatively and on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th days for the PDT group, and on the corresponding days for the control group. RESULTS Lesion diameters in the PDT group showed a significant reduction over time (p=0.001), particularly from preoperative to final measurements. The control group also exhibited a decrease, albeit slower (p=0.001). The 7th-day healing scores favored the PDT group significantly (p=0.012). VAS scores in the PDT group decreased significantly over time (p=0.001), indicating pain reduction. A similar trend was observed in the control group, albeit slower. Between-group differences in healing data and pain data were statistically significant. CONCLUSION PDT proves effective in reducing aphthous ulcer diameters and pain intensity, facilitating faster healing than the control group. These results advocate for PDT as a viable treatment option for aphthous lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cennet Neslihan Eroğlu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Dentistry, 07058, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Erkan Feslihan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Dentisty, 59030, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Büşra Karaca
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Dentistry, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Sadi Elasan
- Department of Biostatistics, Yuzuncu Yil University, Faculty of Medicine, Van, Turkey
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Minagawa E, Yamauchi N, Taguchi Y, Umeda M. Photodynamic reactions using high-intensity red LED promotes gingival wound healing by ROS induction. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17081. [PMID: 37816801 PMCID: PMC10564724 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43966-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is a treatment that combines a light source with a photosensitizer. LEDs have attracted considerable attention in clinical dentistry because they are inexpensive and safe to use. Although the interaction between photosensitizers and LEDs in dental practice is effective for treating periodontal disease by killing periodontopathic bacteria, little is known about the effects of LEDs on human gingival fibroblasts (HGnFs), which play an important role in gingival wound healing. In this study, we investigated the effects of high-intensity red LED irradiation on HGnFs after the addition of methylene blue (MB), one of the least harmful photosensitizers, on wound healing and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by photodynamic reactions. We found that irradiation of MB with high-intensity red LED at controlled energy levels promoted cell proliferation, migration, and production of wound healing factors. Furthermore, ROS production by a photodynamic reaction enabled the translocation of phosphorylated Grb2-associated binder-1, activating Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase signals. Our findings suggest that proper control of ROS production has a beneficial effect on gingival fibroblasts, which constitute periodontal tissue, from the perspective of gingival wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emika Minagawa
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazono-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Yamauchi
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazono-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Taguchi
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazono-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Makoto Umeda
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazono-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
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Widhowaty Santoso A, Sufiawati I. Effectiveness of Photobiomodulation in Reducing Pain of Oral Mucosal Diseases: A Case Series. Int Med Case Rep J 2023; 16:407-417. [PMID: 37465549 PMCID: PMC10351595 DOI: 10.2147/imcrj.s414313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pain management becomes important in the treatment of oral mucosal diseases since it can impair the quality of life. Photobiomodulation (PBM) as an alternative therapy, has potency in reducing pain through several mechanisms targeting peripheral nerves in the target tissue. Purpose To discuss the effectiveness of PBM in the management of four cases of oral mucosal diseases. Case Four patients, two females and two males, with an age ranging from 24 to 63 years came to the Oral Medicine Department complaining of painful lesions in their oral cavity. Three cases showed ulceration of the oral mucosa and had been diagnosed with recurrent aphthous stomatitis, recalcitrant chronic ulcer, and non-specific chronic sialadenitis. One patient who complained of intense pain and swelling on the right side of the face was diagnosed with post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN). Case Management PBM was administered in all four cases (976 nm diode laser, three cases with spot size 0.01 cm2, fluency 10 J/cm2, and one case with spot size 0.5 cm2; fluency 3 J/cm2). Visual analog scale (VAS) control was performed before and after the PBM at each visit. The recorded VAS results show a reduction in pain that started at the post-laser time, with VAS before PBM ranging from 5 to 7 and after PBM ranging from 0 to 4. Three patients were given triamcinolone acetonide 0.1%, chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% mouthwash, petroleum jelly, and multivitamins. One patient was given mefenamic acid and multivitamins. Conclusion PBM can be a useful adjunctive treatment to relieve the pain of oral mucosal diseases due to its ability to reduce pain intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Widhowaty Santoso
- Oral Medicine Residency Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Irna Sufiawati
- Oral Medicine Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
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Pacheco JA, Molena KF, Martins CROG, Corona SAM, Borsatto MC. Photobiomodulation (PBMT) and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in oral manifestations of patients infected by Sars-CoV-2: systematic review and meta-analysis. BULLETIN OF THE NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE 2022; 46:140. [PMID: 35601476 PMCID: PMC9108688 DOI: 10.1186/s42269-022-00830-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2019, a viral and respiratory pathology called COVID-19 emerged in Wuhan, China, and spread to other continents. Its main symptoms include fever, cough, dyspnea, myalgia, anorexia and respiratory distress in the most severe cases, which can lead to death. Furthermore, manifestations in the oral cavity such as ageusia and dysgeusia, as well as lesions in other regions of the oral cavity, can be observed. MAIN BODY This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to critically assess the clinical evidence on the use of photobiomodulation (PBMT) and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) for the treatment of oral lesions in patients infected with Sars-Cov-2. The literature extracted from electronic databases such as PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, and Google Scholar was screened for eligibility, and relevant articles were included. The review is limited to manuscripts published in English, Spanish and Portuguese language between December 2019 and October 2021. A total of 5 articles with 11 cases retracting PBMT and aPDT as therapeutic strategies for the regression of oral lesions and painful symptoms. The results show favoring the associated use of PBMT with aPDT (P = 0.004), and the isolated use of PBMT with the result of significant "P = 0.005" and good confidence interval (7.18, 39.20) in ulcerative lesions, herpetic, aphthous, erythematous, petechiae and necrotic areas. CONCLUSIONS PBMT and aPDT could be effective in the treatment of oral lesions of patients infected with Sars-Cov-2 in a short period of time; however, more long-term randomized clinical trials studies are needed to define the therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliano Abreu Pacheco
- Postgraduate Program, EERP, University of São Paulo, Research Coordinator at the Ribeirão Preto Cancer Hospital, Sobeccan Hospital Foundation, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Kelly Fernanda Molena
- Postgraduate Program in Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Cristina Borsatto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Youf R, Müller M, Balasini A, Thétiot F, Müller M, Hascoët A, Jonas U, Schönherr H, Lemercier G, Montier T, Le Gall T. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy: Latest Developments with a Focus on Combinatory Strategies. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1995. [PMID: 34959277 PMCID: PMC8705969 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13121995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has become a fundamental tool in modern therapeutics, notably due to the expanding versatility of photosensitizers (PSs) and the numerous possibilities to combine aPDT with other antimicrobial treatments to combat localized infections. After revisiting the basic principles of aPDT, this review first highlights the current state of the art of curative or preventive aPDT applications with relevant clinical trials. In addition, the most recent developments in photochemistry and photophysics as well as advanced carrier systems in the context of aPDT are provided, with a focus on the latest generations of efficient and versatile PSs and the progress towards hybrid-multicomponent systems. In particular, deeper insight into combinatory aPDT approaches is afforded, involving non-radiative or other light-based modalities. Selected aPDT perspectives are outlined, pointing out new strategies to target and treat microorganisms. Finally, the review works out the evolution of the conceptually simple PDT methodology towards a much more sophisticated, integrated, and innovative technology as an important element of potent antimicrobial strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaëlle Youf
- Univ Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB-GTCA, F-29200 Brest, France; (R.Y.); (A.H.); (T.M.)
| | - Max Müller
- Physical Chemistry I & Research Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Straße 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany; (M.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Ali Balasini
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Straße 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany; (A.B.); (U.J.)
| | - Franck Thétiot
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6521, Université de Brest (UBO), CS 93837, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Mareike Müller
- Physical Chemistry I & Research Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Straße 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany; (M.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Alizé Hascoët
- Univ Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB-GTCA, F-29200 Brest, France; (R.Y.); (A.H.); (T.M.)
| | - Ulrich Jonas
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Straße 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany; (A.B.); (U.J.)
| | - Holger Schönherr
- Physical Chemistry I & Research Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Straße 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany; (M.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Gilles Lemercier
- Coordination Chemistry Team, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 7312, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, CEDEX 2, 51687 Reims, France
| | - Tristan Montier
- Univ Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB-GTCA, F-29200 Brest, France; (R.Y.); (A.H.); (T.M.)
- CHRU de Brest, Service de Génétique Médicale et de Biologie de la Reproduction, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares Maladies Neuromusculaires, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Tony Le Gall
- Univ Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB-GTCA, F-29200 Brest, France; (R.Y.); (A.H.); (T.M.)
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Pevna V, Wagnières G, Huntosova V. Autophagy and Apoptosis Induced in U87 MG Glioblastoma Cells by Hypericin-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy Can Be Photobiomodulated with 808 nm Light. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111703. [PMID: 34829932 PMCID: PMC8615841 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive types of tumors. Although few treatment options are currently available, new modalities are needed to improve prognosis. In this context, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising adjuvant treatment modality. In the present work, hypericin-mediated PDT (hypericin-PDT, 2 J/cm2) of U87 MG cells is combined with (2 min, 15 mW/cm2 at 808 nm) photobiomodulation (PBM). We observed that PBM stimulates autophagy, which, in combination with PDT, increases the treatment efficacy and leads to apoptosis. Confocal fluorescence microscopy, cytotoxicity assays and Western blot were used to monitor apoptotic and autophagic processes in these cells. Destabilization of lysosomes, mitochondria and the Golgi apparatus led to an increase in lactate dehydrogenase activity, oxidative stress levels, LC3-II, and caspase-3, as well as a decrease of the PKCα and STAT3 protein levels in response to hypericin-PDT subcellular concentration in U87 MG cells. Our results indicate that therapeutic hypericin concentrations can be reduced when PDT is combined with PBM. This will likely allow to reduce the damage induced in surrounding healthy tissues when PBM-hypericin-PDT is used for in vivo tumor treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Pevna
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Science, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Georges Wagnières
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), Station 6, Building CH, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Veronika Huntosova
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54 Kosice, Slovakia
- Correspondence:
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Zhou Z, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Liu Z. Advances in photosensitizer-related design for photodynamic therapy. Asian J Pharm Sci 2021; 16:668-686. [PMID: 35027948 PMCID: PMC8737425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is highly effective in treating tumors located near body surface, offering strong tumor suppression and low damage to normal tissue nearby. PDT is also effective for treating a number of other conditions. PDT not only provide a precise and selective method for the treatment of various diseases by itself, it can also be used in combination with other traditional therapies. Because PDT uses light as the unique targeting mechanism, it has simpler and more direct targeting capability than traditional therapies. The core material of a PDT system is the photosensitizer which converts light energy to therapeutic factors/substances. Different photosensitizers have their distinct characteristics, leading to different advantages and disadvantages. These could be enhanced or compensated by using proper PDT system. Therefore, the selected type of photosensitizer would heavily influence the overall design of a PDT system. In this article, we evaluated major types of inorganic and organic PDT photosensitizers, and discussed future research directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojie Zhou
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610015, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610015, China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhenmi Liu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Photobiomodulation effects on photodynamic therapy in HNSCC cell lines. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2021; 217:112170. [PMID: 33676286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A combination of metabolic modifications by light stimulus and photodynamic action is very attractive. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) comprehends a vast range of applications and has been shown to be suitable to ease morbidities caused by chemotherapy and radiation, such as mucositis and dermatitis. The current study investigates the effects of near-infrared PBMT combined with porphyrin-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) in squamous cell carcinoma cell lines SCC-25 and SCC-4. The aim is to evaluate the potential of this combination to improve PDT outcome by increasing cell toxicity. Many techniques were used to verify the combined effect. Photobiomodulation (PBM) enhanced PDT action in SCC-25 cells by increasing photosensitizer (PS) uptake and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The equivalent was not seen in SCC-4 cells compared to the PDT only group. We believe these effects are strongly related to the interval of application between PBMT, PS incubation and PDT. Additionally, the effect of ascorbic acid on preventing PBM effects in PDT shows that ROS play an important role in the early mechanisms of PBM-PDT. Therefore, we believe PBM-PDT combination is worth exploring, for its benefit-cost ratio and simple protocols, along with the possibility of improvement in treatment resuts.
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