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García-Iglesias JJ, Gómez-Salgado J, Apostolo J, Rodrigues R, Costa EI, Ruiz-Frutos C, Martínez-Isasi S, Fernández-García D, Vilches-Arenas Á. Presenteeism and mental health of workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1224332. [PMID: 37780429 PMCID: PMC10536966 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1224332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A large number of workers attend work despite being ill. Attending work during sickness can have a number of consequences for the worker (e.g., worsening of physical and mental condition), for co-workers, and for the company, and for service users. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the factors influencing presenteeism and mental health of workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A systematic review following the PRISMA format was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycInfo, and ScienceDirect electronic databases in January 2023, using the following key words: Presenteeism, Mental Health, and COVID-19. The eligibility criteria applied were original articles published in English, Spanish, French, German, and Portuguese, workers during the COVID-19 pandemic (data collection date: January 01, 2020 - January 01, 2023), and articles assessing at least one measure of presenteeism and mental health status. Methodological quality was assessed using the critical appraisal tools of the Joanna Briggs Institute. The followed protocol is listed in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with code CRD42023391409. Results A total of 25 studies were included in this review recruiting a total of 164,274 participants. A number of factors influencing mental health and sickness presenteeism were identified: (1) mental health-related factors (burnout [in 4 studies], stress [in 9 studies], depression [in 1 study], fear of COVID-19 [in 1 study], no well-being [in 2 studies], etc.); (2) individual factors (health status [in 1 study], being young [in 1 study], workers who experienced interrupted medical care [in 2 studies], having a chronic disease [in 1 study], etc.); (3) factors related to the situation caused by COVID-19 (confinement, symptoms, loss of contract, risk of bankruptcy, etc. [in 1 study each one]); and (4) factors derived from working conditions (organisational support [in 1 study], patient care [in 1 study], work functioning or task performance impairment [in 4 studies], work fatigue [in 2 studies], safety climate [in 1 study], workload [in 1 study], etc.). Conclusion Identifying the key determinants of presenteeism and understanding the phenomena and origins of sickness presenteeism will help to create a safe working environment and optimal organisational systems to protect vulnerable workers in a pandemic context. Systematic review registration The unique identifier is CRD42023391409.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Jesús García-Iglesias
- Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Coimbra Nursing School, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Juan Gómez-Salgado
- Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil, Guayas, Ecuador
| | - Joao Apostolo
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Coimbra Nursing School, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rogério Rodrigues
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Coimbra Nursing School, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Emília Isabel Costa
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Coimbra Nursing School, Coimbra, Portugal
- Nursing Department, Health School, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Carlos Ruiz-Frutos
- Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil, Guayas, Ecuador
| | - Santiago Martínez-Isasi
- Simulation and Intensive Care Unit of Santiago (SICRUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
- CLINURSID Research Group, Faculty of Nursing, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Daniel Fernández-García
- Health Research Nursing Group (GREIS), Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Leon, Leon, Spain
| | - Ángel Vilches-Arenas
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Preventive Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Seville, Spain
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Min A, Hong HC. The Effects of Job Demand-control-support Profiles on Presenteeism: Evidence from the Sixth Korean Working Condition Survey. Saf Health Work 2023; 14:85-92. [PMID: 36941940 PMCID: PMC10024180 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Presenteeism is closely related to work performance, work quality and quantity, and productivity at work. According to the job demand-control-support model, job demand, job control, and support play important roles in presenteeism. The present study investigated job characteristics profiles based on the job demand-control-support model and identify the association between job characteristics profiles and presenteeism. Methods This secondary data analysis used the Sixth Korean Working Condition Survey, a nationwide cross-sectional dataset. The study included 25,361 Korean wage workers employed in the workplace with two or more workers. Participants were classified into four job characteristics profiles based on the job demand-control-support model, using latent profile analysis, and logistic regression was performed to examine the association between study variables. Results Overall, 11.0 % of study participants reported experience of presenteeism in the past 12 months. Age, sex, location, monthly income, shift work, work hours, health problems, and sleep disturbances were significantly associated with presenteeism. The rate of presenteeism was the highest in the passive isolate group. The passive collective, active collective, and low-stain collective groups had a 23.0%, 21.0%, and 29.0% lower likelihood of experiencing presenteeism, respectively, than the passive isolate group. Conclusions The job demand-control-support profiles and the risk of presenteeism were significantly associated. The most significant group that lowered the experience of presenteeism was the low-strain collective group, which had a low level of demand and high levels of control and support. Therefore, we need a policy to reduce job demand and increase job control and support at the organizational and national levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hye Chong Hong
- Corresponding author. Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Bldg 106, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea.
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Lakiša S, Matisāne L, Gobiņa I, Orru H, Vanadziņš I. Sickness Presenteeism among Employees Having Workplace Conflicts-Results from Pooled Analyses in Latvia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10525. [PMID: 36078240 PMCID: PMC9517808 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The study's objective was to investigate the associations between workplace conflicts and self-reported sickness presenteeism defined as going to work while being ill. Cross-sectional survey data pooled from four national surveys in years 2006, 2010, 2013 and 2018 with a study sample of 6368 employees (mean age 42.9 years and 52.9% females) were used. Respondents were randomly drawn from different regions and industries; therefore, the sample is representative of the working population of Latvia. The computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) method was used to collect data at respondents' places of residence. The associations between conflicts in the workplace and presenteeism were analyzed by using binomial logistic regression and calculated as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted (aOR) for gender, age, education, and survey year. On average, 11% of respondents reported sickness presenteeism during the last year. The odds of presenteeism significantly increased for all types of workplace conflicts, but most for conflicts with managers (OR = 2.84). The odds of presenteeism doubled for those reporting conflicts with other employees (OR = 2.19) and conflicts with customers (OR = 1.85). The odds of sickness presenteeism were significantly higher if the workplace conflicts occurred often (seven times for conflicts between managers and employees, and four times for conflicts with customers) and with other employees. Presenteeism frequency increased more than three times if respondents had more than two types of conflict at work. The results of this study show that having any type of conflict in the workplace significantly increases the frequency of sickness presenteeism, especially when conflicts are frequent or an employee has more types of conflicts in the workplace. The study results justify the need to implement targeted and effective workplace conflict management measures at the organizational level to decrease sickness presenteeism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Lakiša
- Institute for Occupational Safety and Environmental Health, Rīga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema 16, LV-1007 Rīga, Latvia
| | - Linda Matisāne
- Institute for Occupational Safety and Environmental Health, Rīga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema 16, LV-1007 Rīga, Latvia
| | - Inese Gobiņa
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Rīga Stradiņš University, Kronvalda Boulevard 9, LV-1010 Rīga, Latvia
| | - Hans Orru
- Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ivars Vanadziņš
- Institute for Occupational Safety and Environmental Health, Rīga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema 16, LV-1007 Rīga, Latvia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Rīga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema 16, LV-1007 Rīga, Latvia
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Shiga K, Izumi K, Minato K, Yoshimura M, Kitazawa M, Hanashiro S, Cortright K, Kurokawa S, Momota Y, Sado M, Maeno T, Takebayashi T, Mimura M, Kishimoto T. Association of work environment with stress and depression among Japanese workers. Work 2022; 72:1321-1335. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-210356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There is a lack of studies that investigated the effect of a wide range of work environmental factors on stress and depression in Japan. OBJECTIVES: To examine the association of work environment factors with stress and depression among workers in Japan. METHODS: We conducted questionnaire surveys of workers that mainly engage in desk work in Japan. Stress was assessed through the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), depression through the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and work environment through physical and psychological workplace environment questionnaires. Workers were divided into low and high stress groups based on PSS score (median split), and divided into non-depressed and depressed groups based on their PHQ-9 score (< 5, and ≥5); these groups were then compared with their working environment. In addition, a multiple regression analysis was performed. RESULTS: Responses were obtained from 210 subjects. Multiple regression analysis showed that “Ability to work at one’s own pace” and “Ability to apply personal viewpoint to work,” etc., had effect on stress, while “Workplace harassment” and “Support from colleagues,” etc., had effect on depression. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that stress and depression in Japanese workers are related to factors such as job demands, control of work, workplace harassment, and psychological safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiko Shiga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Human Relations, Shigakukan University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Keisuke Izumi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Medical AI Center, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Minato
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Momoko Kitazawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sayaka Hanashiro
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kelley Cortright
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunya Kurokawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Momota
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Sado
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Stress Research, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Maeno
- Human System Design Laboratory, Graduate School of System Design and Management, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toru Takebayashi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taishiro Kishimoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Psychiatry Department, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Hills Joint Research Laboratory for Future Preventive Medicine and Wellness, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Wada A, Nakamura Y, Tsuno YS, Nagasaka K, Kawajiri M, Takeishi Y, Yoshida M, Yoshizawa T. Factors Associated With the Work Productivity of Japanese Working Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:e759-e764. [PMID: 34412092 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Working pregnant women experience physical and psychosocial changes, which are associated with two aspects of work productivity: presenteeism and absenteeism. We examined the factors that affect these two aspects. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in April to May 2019 through an online survey. Participants were 450 working women who were pregnant for the first time. RESULTS Occupational stress (job overload sβ: 0.14, suitable jobs sβ: 0.16); physical conditions, such as pregnancy complications (sβ: 0.32) and gestational period (sβ: 0.18); and adjustment status in the workplace due to pregnancy, such as pregnancy disclosure (sβ: 0.11) and pregnancy discrimination (sβ: 0.18), were related to presenteeism. Meanwhile, pregnancy complications were the only factor associated with absenteeism (sβ: 0.32; all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In addition to physical condition support, support for psychosocial conditions in the workplace is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Wada
- Department of Women's Health Nursing & Midwifery (Ms Wada, Dr Nakamura, Dr Kawajiri, Dr Takeishi, Dr Yoshida, Dr Yoshizawa); Department of Public Health Nursing (Dr Tsuno), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Health Sciences, Saitama Prefectural University, Koshigaya, Saitama (Dr Tsuno); NTT Medical Center Tokyo (Dr Nagasaka); NPO Improving the Lives of Pregnancy, Shinagawa (Dr Nagasaka), Tokyo, Japan
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Work-Related Factors Affecting the Occurrence of Presenteeism - Recent Research Trends and Future Directions. J UOEH 2021; 43:61-73. [PMID: 33678787 DOI: 10.7888/juoeh.43.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Productivity loss due to presenteeism accounts for a large proportion of economic losses caused by workers' health problems. To reduce presenteeism, it is necessary to identify its causes, but, in contrast to the large amount of research on the effects of diseases and lifestyles, there is not enough research on the effects of work-related factors on presenteeism. In this study, those factors include the work environment and the work-related psychological status of workers. The purpose of this review was to identify research trends in presenteeism, defined as work-related productivity loss, and to examine future directions for presenteeism research. We conducted a search with only the keyword "presenteeism" using MEDLINE/PubMed for the last 5 years and extracted 30 relevant articles, most of which were cross-sectional studies. The articles were categorized into the following themes: 1) studies on the associations of various stress models and factors with presenteeism; 2) studies on the mediators and the pathways of association between stress factors and presenteeism; 3) studies on the relationships between organizational factors and presenteeism; and 4) studies on the link between workers' positive and negative psychological status and presenteeism. Our findings showed that, over the last 5 years, the relationship between psychological stress and presenteeism has been extended to include a variety of stress models and stressors. In addition, by putting many models and factors into a single statistical model and adjusting for their interrelationships, important factors have been examined by ensuring that a significant relationship with presenteeism remains. As there is still a lack of longitudinal studies necessary to discuss causality, more research of higher quality is needed.
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