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Chang YT, Lai CC, Lin DJ. Collagen Scaffolds Laden with Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts Promote Periodontal Regeneration in SD Rat Model. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2649. [PMID: 37376295 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease caused by microbial communities carrying pathogens, leads to the loss of tooth-supporting tissues and is a significant contributor to tooth loss. This study aims to develop a novel injectable cell-laden hydrogel consisted of collagen (COL), riboflavin, and a dental light-emitting diode (LED) photo-cross-linking process for periodontal regeneration. Utilizing α-SMA and ALP immunofluorescence markers, we confirmed the differentiation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLFs) into myofibroblasts and preosteoblasts within collagen scaffolds in vitro. Twenty-four rats with three-wall artificial periodontal defects were divided into four groups, Blank, COL_LED, COL_HPLF, and COL_HPLF_LED, and histomorphometrically assessed after 6 weeks. Notably, the COL_HPLF_LED group showed less relative epithelial downgrowth (p < 0.01 for Blank, p < 0.05 for COL_LED and COL_HPLF), and the relative residual bone defect was significantly reduced in the COL_HPLF_LED group compared to the Blank and the COL_LED group (p < 0.05). The results indicated that LED photo-cross-linking collagen scaffolds possess sufficient strength to withstand the forces of surgical process and biting, providing support for HPLF cells embedded within them. The secretion of cells is suggested to promote the repair of adjacent tissues, including well-oriented periodontal ligament and alveolar bone regeneration. The approach developed in this study demonstrates clinical feasibility and holds promise for achieving both functional and structural regeneration of periodontal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Tao Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Ching Lai
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Dan-Jae Lin
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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2
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Sleep SL, Skelly D, Love RM, George R. Bioenergetics of photobiomodulated osteoblast mitochondrial cells derived from human pulp stem cells: systematic review. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:1843-1853. [PMID: 34806122 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03439-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Dental pulp cells are a source of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells with a high proliferation rate and multilineage differentiation potential. This study investigated the photobiomodulated bioenergetic effects of mitochondria in osteoblasts that differentiated from human pulp stem cells. The systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines. The PICO question was formulated. Criteria for inclusion and exclusion were established prior to searches being performed on the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus. Articles were identified and included if published in English within last 10 years; photobiomodulation or low-level laser therapy were discussed; the delivery parameters for dose and time were included and the studies focused on bioenergetics of osteoblast mitochondria. Studies excluded were non-human dental pulp tissue and in vivo studies. A total number of 110 articles were collated, 106 were excluded leaving a total of 4 articles. These studies demonstrated that in vitro use of photobiomodulation was performed using different laser and LED types; InGaAlP; InGaN; and InGaAsP with average wavelengths of 630 to 940 nm. Primary human osteoblastic STRO-1 and mesenchymal stem cell lineages were studied. Three out of four articles confirmed positive bioenergetic effects of photobiomodulation on mitochondria of osteoblasts derived from human pulp cells. This systematic review demonstrated a lack of adequate reporting of bioenergetics of osteoblast mitochondria after photobiomodulation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone L Sleep
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Deanne Skelly
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia.,School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia.,Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert M Love
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Roy George
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
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Kuruca SE, Çelik DD, Özerkan D, Erdemir G. Characterization and Isolation of Very Small Embryonic-like (VSEL) Stem Cells Obtained from Various Human Hematopoietic Cell Sources. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 15:730-742. [PMID: 31172457 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09896-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation is one of the available treatments for leukemia, lymphoma, hereditary blood diseases and bone marrow failure. Bone marrow (BM), peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC), and cord blood (CB) are the predominant sources of stem cells. Recently a new type of stem cell with a pluripotent potential has been identified. These cells were named "very small embryonic like stem cells (VSELs)". It is claimed that VSEL stem cells can be found in adult BM, peripheral blood (PB), CB and other body tissues. This study is designed to characterize and isolate VSEL stem cells from different human hematopoietic sources; CB, PB and apheresis material (PBPC). VSEL stem cells were isolated from MNC and erythrocyte layers for all materials by using centrifugation and ficoll gradient method. We determined embryonic markers by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence and western blotting methods. Results from western blotting and immunofluorescence show high level of NANOG and OCT4 protein expression in PB, apheresis material and CB. Immunofluorescence images showed cytoplasmic and nuclear presence of these proteins. Flow cytometry results exhibited a higher expression of VSELs markers on debris area than CD45- population and higher expression on CB than PB. As a result, these findings have shown that it is necessary to investigate the function of pluripotent stem cell markers in differentiated adult cells. We further conclude that erythrocyte lysis method had the highest cell recovery amount among erythrocyte lysis and ficoll gradient methods. Consequently, this study gives us new information and viewpoints about expression of pluripotent stem cell (PSC) markers in adult tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serap Erdem Kuruca
- Deparment of Physiology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dolay Damla Çelik
- Deparment of Physiology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilşad Özerkan
- Department of Genetic and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey.
| | - Gökçe Erdemir
- Deparment of Molecular Medicine, The Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Xu X, Li X, Wang J, He X, Sun H, Chen F. Concise Review: Periodontal Tissue Regeneration Using Stem Cells: Strategies and Translational Considerations. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:392-403. [PMID: 30585445 PMCID: PMC6431686 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a widespread disease characterized by inflammation-induced progressive damage to the tooth-supporting structures until tooth loss occurs. The regeneration of lost/damaged support tissue in the periodontium, including the alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, and cementum, is an ambitious purpose of periodontal regenerative therapy and might effectively reduce periodontitis-caused tooth loss. The use of stem cells for periodontal regeneration is a hot field in translational research and an emerging potential treatment for periodontitis. This concise review summarizes the regenerative approaches using either culture-expanded or host-mobilized stem cells that are currently being investigated in the laboratory and with preclinical models for periodontal tissue regeneration and highlights the most recent evidence supporting their translational potential toward a widespread use in the clinic for combating highly prevalent periodontal disease. We conclude that in addition to in vitro cell-biomaterial design and transplantation, the engineering of biomaterial devices to encourage the innate regenerative capabilities of the periodontium warrants further investigation. In comparison to cell-based therapies, the use of biomaterials is comparatively simple and sufficiently reliable to support high levels of endogenous tissue regeneration. Thus, endogenous regenerative technology is a more economical and effective as well as safer method for the treatment of clinical patients. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:392-403.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin‐Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of StomatologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of StomatologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of StomatologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiao‐Tao He
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of StomatologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anPeople's Republic of China
| | - Hai‐Hua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of StomatologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anPeople's Republic of China
| | - Fa‐Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of StomatologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anPeople's Republic of China
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5
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Guo Z, Chen R, Zhang F, Ding M, Wang P. Exendin-4 relieves the inhibitory effects of high glucose on the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 91:9-16. [PMID: 29621668 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the impaired regenerative potential in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are regarded as an attractive source of stem cells for periodontal cytotherapy. Recent studies have shown that Exendin-4 (Ex-4) exerts cell-protective effects and bone remodeling ability on many types of cells. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Ex-4 alleviates the inhibition of high glucose on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. METHODS PDLSCs were incubated in medium supplemented with 5.5 mM d-glucose (NG), 30 mM d-glucose (HG), NG plus Ex-4, and HG plus different concentration (1, 10, 20, 100 nM) of Ex-4 respectively. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay and cell cycle analysis. Osteogenesis was assessed by Alizarin Red S staining and evaluation of the mRNA expression of Runx2, ALP and Osx at day 7, 14 and 21. Intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected using 5-(and-6)-chloromethyl-2',7'-dichlorodihydro-fluorescein diacetate (CMH2DCF-DA). RESULTS The proliferation ability, mineralized nodules forming capacity and the mRNA expression of Runx2, ALP and Osx of PDLSCs in HG group were decreased, the ROS level was increased compared to NG group. With the treatment of Ex-4, the HG-inhibited proliferation ability and osteogenic differentiation ability of PDLSCs were significantly reversed, the HG-increased ROS level could be down-regulated. Moreover, Ex-4 enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of normal PDLSCs. CONCLUSIONS Ex-4 alleviates the inhibitory effect of HG on the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of PDLSCs, and has a significant enhance in the osteoblastic differentiation of normal PDLSCs, giving new insights into the possible therapeutic method of diabetic periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fujun Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming Ding
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Zhang JC, Song ZC, Xia YR, Shu R. Extracellular matrix derived from periodontal ligament cells maintains their stemness and enhances redifferentiation via the wnt pathway. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 106:272-284. [PMID: 28884507 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Chun Zhang
- Department of Periodontology; Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai 200011 China
| | - Zhong-Chen Song
- Department of Periodontology; Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai 200011 China
| | - Yi-Ru Xia
- Department of Periodontology; Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai 200011 China
| | - Rong Shu
- Department of Periodontology; Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai 200011 China
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Chen X, Bai S, Li B, Liu H, Wu G, Liu S, Zhao Y. Fabrication of gelatin methacrylate/nanohydroxyapatite microgel arrays for periodontal tissue regeneration. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:4707-4718. [PMID: 27695327 PMCID: PMC5028089 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s111701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease and is the major cause of tooth loss and other oral health issues around the world. Periodontal tissue regeneration has therefore always been the ultimate goal of dentists and researchers. Existing fabrication methods mainly focused on a top-down tissue engineering strategy in which several drawbacks remain, including low throughput and limited diffusion properties resulting from a large sample size. Gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) is a kind of photocrosslinkable and biocompatible hydrogel, with the capacities of enabling cell encapsulation and regeneration of functional tissues. Here, we developed a novel method to fabricate GelMA/nanohydroxylapatite (nHA) microgel arrays using a photocrosslinkable strategy. The viability, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation and in vivo osteogenesis of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) encapsulated in microgels were evaluated. The results suggested that such microgels provide great potential for periodontal tissue repair and regeneration. METHODS Microgel arrays were fabricated by blending different weight ratios of GelMA and nHA. hPDLSCs were encapsulated in GelMA/nHA microgels of various ratios for a systematic evaluation of cell viability, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation. In vivo osteogenesis in nude mice was also studied. RESULTS The GelMA/nHA microgels exhibited appropriate microarchitecture, mechanical strength, and surface roughness, thus enabling cell adhesion and proliferation. Additionally, the GelMA/nHA microgels (10%/2% w/v) enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs by elevating the expression levels of osteogenic biomarker genes, such as ALP, BSP, OCN, and RUNX2. In vivo ectopic transplantation results showed that GelMA/nHA microgels (10%/2% w/v) increased mineralized tissue formation with abundant vascularization, compared with the 1%, 3%, and the pure GelMA group. CONCLUSION The GelMA/nHA microgels (10%/2% w/v) facilitated hPDLSCs viability, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation in vitro and further promoted new bone formation in vivo, suggesting that the GelMA/nHA microgels (10%/2% w/v) provide great potential for periodontal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics
| | - Shizhu Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics
| | - Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology
| | - Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics
| | - Guofeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yimin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics
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Jian CX, Fan QS, Hu YH, He Y, Li MZ, Zheng WY, Ren Y, Li CJ. IL-7 suppresses osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells through inactivation of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Organogenesis 2016; 12:183-193. [PMID: 27579861 DOI: 10.1080/15476278.2016.1229726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are tissue-specific mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), having an important role in regenerative therapy for teeth loss. Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is a key cytokine produced by stromal cells including MSCs, and exhibits specific roles for B and T cell development and osteoblasts differentiation of multiple myeloma. However, the effect of IL-7 on osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs remains unclear. Therefore, in the present study we determined whether IL-7 affects the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs in vitro and explored the associated signaling pathways for IL-7-mediated cell differentiation. The results demonstrated that the isolated human PDLSCs possessed MSCs features, highly expressing CD90, CD44, CD105, CD29 and CD73, and almost did not expressed CD34, CD45, CD11b, CD14 and CD117. IL-7 could not significantly affect the proliferation of PDLSCs, but it decreased their osteogenic differentiation and inhibited alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. The results of quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting exhibited that the expression levels of Runx-2, SP7 and osteocalcin (OCN) were significantly reduced by IL-7. Further studies indicated that IL-7 did not significantly change JNK, ERK1/2 and p38 protein production, but markedly suppressed their phosphorylation levels. These data suggest that IL-7 inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs probably via inactivation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Xiang Jian
- a Department of Stomatolog , PLA General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region, Tianhui Town , Jinniu District, Chengdu , Sichuan Province , China
| | - Quan-Shui Fan
- b Chengdu Military Garrison Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Yong-He Hu
- b Chengdu Military Garrison Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Yong He
- a Department of Stomatolog , PLA General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region, Tianhui Town , Jinniu District, Chengdu , Sichuan Province , China
| | - Ming-Zhe Li
- a Department of Stomatolog , PLA General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region, Tianhui Town , Jinniu District, Chengdu , Sichuan Province , China
| | - Wei-Yin Zheng
- a Department of Stomatolog , PLA General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region, Tianhui Town , Jinniu District, Chengdu , Sichuan Province , China
| | - Yu Ren
- a Department of Stomatolog , PLA General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region, Tianhui Town , Jinniu District, Chengdu , Sichuan Province , China
| | - Chen-Jun Li
- a Department of Stomatolog , PLA General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region, Tianhui Town , Jinniu District, Chengdu , Sichuan Province , China
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Assessment of cellular materials generated by co-cultured ‘inflamed’ and healthy periodontal ligament stem cells from patient-matched groups. Exp Cell Res 2016; 346:119-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Liu F, Zhou ZF, An Y, Yu Y, Wu RX, Yin Y, Xue Y, Chen FM. Effects of cathepsin K on Emdogain-induced hard tissue formation by human periodontal ligament stem cells. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 11:2922-2934. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
- Department of Oral Medicine; Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital; Xi'an China
| | - Zhi-Fei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Paediatric Dentistry; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Ying An
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Rui-Xin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Yuan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Yang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an Shaanxi China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Fa-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit; School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
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Effects of short-term inflammatory and/or hypoxic pretreatments on periodontal ligament stem cells: in vitro and in vivo studies. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 366:311-328. [PMID: 27301447 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2437-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we extensively screened the in vitro and in vivo effects of PDLSCs following short-term inflammatory and/or hypoxic pretreatments. We found that the 24-h hypoxic pretreatment of PDLSCs significantly enhanced cell migration and improved cell surface CXCR4 expression. In addition, hypoxia-pretreated PDLSCs exhibited improved cell colony formation and proliferation. Cells that were dually stimulated also formed more colonies compared to untreated cells but their proliferation did not increase. Importantly, the hypoxic pretreatment of PDLSCs enhanced cell differentiation as determined by elevated RUNX-2 and ALP protein expression. In this context, the inflammatory stimulus impaired cell OCN protein expression, while dual stimuli led to decreased RUNX-2 and OCN mRNA levels. Although preconditioning PDLSCs with inflammatory and/or hypoxic pretreatments resulted in no differences in the production of matrix proteins, hypoxic pretreatment led to the generation of thicker cell sheets; the inflammatory stimulus weakened the ability of cells to form sheets. All the resultant cell sheets exhibited clear bone regeneration following ectopic transplantation as well as in periodontal defect models; the amount of new bone formed by hypoxia-preconditioned cells was significantly greater than that formed by inflammatory stimulus- or dual-stimuli-treated cells or by nonpreconditioned cells. The regeneration of new cementum and periodontal ligaments was only identified in the hypoxia-stimulus and no-stimulus cell groups. Our findings suggest that PDLSCs that undergo short-term hypoxic pretreatment show improved cellular behavior in vitro and enhanced regenerative potential in vivo. The preconditioning of PDLSCs via combined treatments or an inflammatory stimulus requires further investigation.
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12
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Chen FM, Gao LN, Tian BM, Zhang XY, Zhang YJ, Dong GY, Lu H, Chu Q, Xu J, Yu Y, Wu RX, Yin Y, Shi S, Jin Y. Treatment of periodontal intrabony defects using autologous periodontal ligament stem cells: a randomized clinical trial. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:33. [PMID: 26895633 PMCID: PMC4761216 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0288-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis, which progressively destroys tooth-supporting structures, is one of the most widespread infectious diseases and the leading cause of tooth loss in adults. Evidence from preclinical trials and small-scale pilot clinical studies indicates that stem cells derived from periodontal ligament tissues are a promising therapy for the regeneration of lost/damaged periodontal tissue. This study assessed the safety and feasibility of using autologous periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) as an adjuvant to grafting materials in guided tissue regeneration (GTR) to treat periodontal intrabony defects. Our data provide primary clinical evidence for the efficacy of cell transplantation in regenerative dentistry. Methods We conducted a single-center, randomized trial that used autologous PDLSCs in combination with bovine-derived bone mineral materials to treat periodontal intrabony defects. Enrolled patients were randomly assigned to either the Cell group (treatment with GTR and PDLSC sheets in combination with Bio-oss®) or the Control group (treatment with GTR and Bio-oss® without stem cells). During a 12-month follow-up study, we evaluated the frequency and extent of adverse events. For the assessment of treatment efficacy, the primary outcome was based on the magnitude of alveolar bone regeneration following the surgical procedure. Results A total of 30 periodontitis patients aged 18 to 65 years (48 testing teeth with periodontal intrabony defects) who satisfied our inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to the Cell group or the Control group. A total of 21 teeth were treated in the Control group and 20 teeth were treated in the Cell group. All patients received surgery and a clinical evaluation. No clinical safety problems that could be attributed to the investigational PDLSCs were identified. Each group showed a significant increase in the alveolar bone height (decrease in the bone-defect depth) over time (p < 0.001). However, no statistically significant differences were detected between the Cell group and the Control group (p > 0.05). Conclusions This study demonstrates that using autologous PDLSCs to treat periodontal intrabony defects is safe and does not produce significant adverse effects. The efficacy of cell-based periodontal therapy requires further validation by multicenter, randomized controlled studies with an increased sample size. Trial Registration NCT01357785 Date registered: 18 May 2011. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-016-0288-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, P. R. China.
| | - Li-Na Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, P. R. China
| | - Bei-Min Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, P. R. China
| | - Xi-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Ying Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, P. R. China
| | - Hong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, P. R. China
| | - Qing Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, P. R. China
| | - Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, P. R. China
| | - Rui-Xin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, P. R. China
| | - Songtao Shi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, P. R. China.
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Abstract
Biomaterials have played an increasingly prominent role in the success of biomedical devices and in the development of tissue engineering, which seeks to unlock the regenerative potential innate to human tissues/organs in a state of deterioration and to restore or reestablish normal bodily function. Advances in our understanding of regenerative biomaterials and their roles in new tissue formation can potentially open a new frontier in the fast-growing field of regenerative medicine. Taking inspiration from the role and multi-component construction of native extracellular matrices (ECMs) for cell accommodation, the synthetic biomaterials produced today routinely incorporate biologically active components to define an artificial in vivo milieu with complex and dynamic interactions that foster and regulate stem cells, similar to the events occurring in a natural cellular microenvironment. The range and degree of biomaterial sophistication have also dramatically increased as more knowledge has accumulated through materials science, matrix biology and tissue engineering. However, achieving clinical translation and commercial success requires regenerative biomaterials to be not only efficacious and safe but also cost-effective and convenient for use and production. Utilizing biomaterials of human origin as building blocks for therapeutic purposes has provided a facilitated approach that closely mimics the critical aspects of natural tissue with regard to its physical and chemical properties for the orchestration of wound healing and tissue regeneration. In addition to directly using tissue transfers and transplants for repair, new applications of human-derived biomaterials are now focusing on the use of naturally occurring biomacromolecules, decellularized ECM scaffolds and autologous preparations rich in growth factors/non-expanded stem cells to either target acceleration/magnification of the body's own repair capacity or use nature's paradigms to create new tissues for restoration. In particular, there is increasing interest in separating ECMs into simplified functional domains and/or biopolymeric assemblies so that these components/constituents can be discretely exploited and manipulated for the production of bioscaffolds and new biomimetic biomaterials. Here, following an overview of tissue auto-/allo-transplantation, we discuss the recent trends and advances as well as the challenges and future directions in the evolution and application of human-derived biomaterials for reconstructive surgery and tissue engineering. In particular, we focus on an exploration of the structural, mechanical, biochemical and biological information present in native human tissue for bioengineering applications and to provide inspiration for the design of future biomaterials.
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Páll E, Florea A, Soriţău O, Cenariu M, Petruţiu AS, Roman A. Comparative Assessment of Oral Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated from Healthy and Diseased Tissues. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2015; 21:1249-1263. [PMID: 26315895 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927615014749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to isolate human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from palatal connective and periodontal granulation tissues and to comparatively evaluate their properties. MSCs were isolated using the explant culture method. Adherence to plastic, specific antigen makeup, multipotent differentiation potential, functionality, and ultrastructural characteristics were investigated. The frequency of colony-forming unit fibroblasts for palatal-derived mesenchymal stem cells (pMSCs) was significantly higher than that of granulation tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (gtMSCs). A significantly higher population doubling time and lower migration potential were recorded for gtMSCs than for pMSCs. Both cell lines were positive for CD105, CD73, CD90, CD44, and CD49f, and negative for CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR, but the level of expression was different. MSCs from both sources were relatively uniform in their ultrastructure. Generally, both cell lines possessed a large, irregular-shaped euchromatic nucleus, and cytoplasm rich in mitochondria, lysosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum. The periphery of the plasma membrane displayed many small filopodia. MSCs from both cell lines were successfully differentiated into osteogenic, adiopogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. Both healthy and diseased tissues may be considered as valuable sources of MSCs for regenerative medicine owing to the high acceptance and fewer complications during harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emöke Páll
- 1Department of Reproduction,Obstetrics and Veterinary Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,3-5 Mănăştur St.,400372 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Adrian Florea
- 3Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine,"Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy,6 L. Pasteur St.,400349 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Olga Soriţău
- 4Laboratory of Radiotherapy, Tumor and Radiobiology,Prof. Dr. "Ion Chiricuţă" Oncology Institute,34-36 I. Creangă St.,400015 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Mihai Cenariu
- 1Department of Reproduction,Obstetrics and Veterinary Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,3-5 Mănăştur St.,400372 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Adrian S Petruţiu
- 2Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine,"Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy,15 V. Babeş St.,400012 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Alexandra Roman
- 2Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine,"Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy,15 V. Babeş St.,400012 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
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15
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Lee JS, Kim HS, Park SY, Kim TW, Jung JS, Lee JB, Kim CS. Synergistic Effects of a Calcium Phosphate/Fibronectin Coating on the Adhesion of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells onto Decellularized Dental Root Surfaces. Cell Transplant 2015; 24:1767-79. [DOI: 10.3727/096368914x684628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to enhance the attachment of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) onto the decellularized dental root surface using surface coating with fibronectin and/or calcium phosphate (CaP) and to evaluate the activity of PDLSCs attached to a coated dental root surface following tooth replantation. PDLSCs were isolated from five dogs, and the other dental roots were used as a scaffold for carrying PDLSCs and then assigned to one of four groups according to whether their surface was coated with CaP, fibronectin, CaP/fibronectin, or left uncoated (control). Fibronectin increased the adhesion of PDLSCs onto dental root surfaces compared to both the control and CaP-coated groups, and simultaneous surface coating with CaP and fibronectin significantly accelerated and increased PDLSC adhesion compared to the fibronectin-only group. On in vivo tooth replantation, functionally oriented periodontal new attachment was observed on the CaP/fibronectin-coated dental roots to which autologous PDLSCs had adhered, while in the control condition, dental root replantation was associated only with root resorption and ankylosis along the entire root length. CaP and fibronectin synergistically enhanced the attachment of PDLSCs onto dental root surfaces, and autologous PDLSCs could produce de novo periodontal new attachment in an experimental in vivo model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Seok Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Suk Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yon Park
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, BK21 PLUS Project, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Wan Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Suk Jung
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Bin Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Sung Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, BK21 PLUS Project, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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16
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Age-related decline in the matrix contents and functional properties of human periodontal ligament stem cell sheets. Acta Biomater 2015; 22:70-82. [PMID: 25922305 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, periodontal ligament (PDL) stem cells (PDLSCs) derived from different-aged donors were used to evaluate the effect of aging on cell sheet formation. The activity of PDLSCs was first determined based on their colony-forming ability, surface markers, proliferative/differentiative potentials, senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-βG) staining, and expression of pluripotency-associated transcription factors. The ability of these cells to form sheets, based on their extracellular matrix (ECM) contents and their functional properties necessary for osteogenic differentiation, was evaluated to predict the age-related changes in the regenerative capacity of the cell sheets in their further application. It was found that human PDLSCs could be isolated from the PDL tissue of different-aged subjects. However, the ability of the PDLSCs to proliferate and to undergo osteogenic differentiation and their expression of pluripotency-associated transcription factors displayed age-related decreases. In addition, these cells exhibited an age-related increase in SA-βG expression. Aged cells showed an impaired ability to form functional cell sheets, as determined by morphological observations and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry staining. Based on the production of ECM proteins, such as fibronectin, integrin β1, and collagen type I; alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity; and the expression of osteogenic genes, such as ALP, Runt-related transcription factor 2, and osteocalcin, cell sheets formed by PDLSCs derived from older donors demonstrated a less potent osteogenic capacity compared to those formed by PDLSCs from younger donors. Our data suggest that the age-associated decline in the matrix contents and osteogenic properties of PDLSC sheets should be taken into account in cell sheet engineering research and clinical periodontal regenerative therapy.
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17
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Chen X, Wu G, Feng Z, Dong Y, Zhou W, Li B, Bai S, Zhao Y. Advanced biomaterials and their potential applications in the treatment of periodontal disease. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2015; 36:760-75. [PMID: 26004052 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2015.1035693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal disease is considered as a widespread infectious disease and the most common cause of tooth loss in adults. Attempts for developing periodontal disease treatment strategies, including drug delivery and regeneration approaches, provide a useful experimental model for the evaluation of future periodontal therapies. Recently, emerging advanced biomaterials including hydrogels, films, micro/nanofibers and particles, hold great potential to be utilized as cell/drug carriers for local drug delivery and biomimetic scaffolds for future regeneration therapies. In this review, first, we describe the pathogenesis of periodontal disease, including plaque formation, immune response and inflammatory reactions caused by bacteria. Second, periodontal therapy and an overview of current biomaterials in periodontal regenerative medicine have been discussed. Third, the roles of state-of-the-art biomaterials, including hydrogels, films, micro/nanofibers and micro/nanoparticles, developed for periodontal disease treatment and periodontal tissue regeneration, and their fabrication methods, have been presented. Finally, biological properties, including biocompatibility, biodegradability and immunogenicity of the biomaterials, together with their current applications strategies are given. Conclusive remarks and future perspectives for such advanced biomaterials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- a State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthetics , School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , P.R. China .,b Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Xi'an , Shaanxi , P.R. China , and
| | - Guofeng Wu
- a State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthetics , School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , P.R. China .,b Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Xi'an , Shaanxi , P.R. China , and
| | - Zhihong Feng
- a State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthetics , School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , P.R. China .,b Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Xi'an , Shaanxi , P.R. China , and
| | - Yan Dong
- a State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthetics , School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , P.R. China .,b Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Xi'an , Shaanxi , P.R. China , and
| | - Wei Zhou
- a State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthetics , School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , P.R. China .,b Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Xi'an , Shaanxi , P.R. China , and
| | - Bei Li
- b Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Xi'an , Shaanxi , P.R. China , and.,c State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center for Tissue Engineering , School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , P.R. China
| | - Shizhu Bai
- a State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthetics , School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , P.R. China .,b Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Xi'an , Shaanxi , P.R. China , and
| | - Yimin Zhao
- a State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthetics , School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , P.R. China .,b Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Xi'an , Shaanxi , P.R. China , and
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18
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Lei M, Li K, Li B, Gao LN, Chen FM, Jin Y. Mesenchymal stem cell characteristics of dental pulp and periodontal ligament stem cells after in vivo transplantation. Biomaterials 2014; 35:6332-43. [PMID: 24824581 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from human postnatal dental pulp and periodontal ligament (PDL) tissues can give rise to multilineage differentiation in vitro and generate related dental tissues in vivo. However, the cell properties of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and PDL stem cells (PDLSCs) after in vivo implantation remain largely unidentified. In this study, cells were re-isolated from in vivo-generated dental pulp-like and PDL-like tissues (termed re-DPCs and re-PDLCs, respectively) as a result of ectopic transplantation of human DPSC and PDLSC sheets. The cell characteristics in terms of colony-forming ability, cell surface antigens and multi-differentiation potentials were all evaluated before and after implantation. It was found that re-DPCs and re-PDLCs were of human and mesenchymal origin and positive for MSC markers such as STRO-1, CD146, CD29, CD90 and CD105; and, to some extent, re-DPCs could maintain their colony forming abilities. Moreover, both cell types were able to form mineral deposits and differentiate into adipocytes and chondrocytes; however, quantitative analysis and related gene expression determination showed that the osteo-/chondro-differentiation capabilities of re-DPCs and re-PDLCs were significantly reduced compared to those of DPSCs and PDLSCs, respectively (P < 0.05); re-PDLCs showed a greater reduction potential than re-DPCs. We conclude that DPSCs and PDLSCs may maintain their MSC characteristics after in vivo implantation and, compared to PDLSCs, DPSCs appear much more stable under in vivo conditions. These findings provide additional cellular and molecular evidence that supports expanding the use of dental tissue-derived stem cells in cell therapy and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology & Biomaterials Unit, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology & Biomaterials Unit, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Li-Na Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology & Biomaterials Unit, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Translational Research Team, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Fa-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology & Biomaterials Unit, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Translational Research Team, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China.
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Translational Research Team, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China.
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19
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Gao LN, An Y, Lei M, Li B, Yang H, Lu H, Chen FM, Jin Y. The effect of the coumarin-like derivative osthole on the osteogenic properties of human periodontal ligament and jaw bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell sheets. Biomaterials 2013; 34:9937-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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20
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Yang H, Gao LN, An Y, Hu CH, Jin F, Zhou J, Jin Y, Chen FM. Comparison of mesenchymal stem cells derived from gingival tissue and periodontal ligament in different incubation conditions. Biomaterials 2013; 34:7033-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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21
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Feng R, Lengner C. Application of Stem Cell Technology in Dental Regenerative Medicine. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2013; 2:296-305. [PMID: 24527351 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2012.0375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE In this review, we summarize the current literature regarding the isolation and characterization of dental tissue-derived stem cells and address the potential of these cell types for use in regenerative cell transplantation therapy. RECENT ADVANCES Looking forward, platforms for the delivery of stem cells via scaffolds and the use of growth factors and cytokines for enhancing dental stem cell self-renewal and differentiation are discussed. CRITICAL ISSUES We aim to understand the developmental origins of dental tissues in an effort to elucidate the molecular pathways governing the genesis of somatic dental stem cells. The advantages and disadvantages of several dental stem cells are discussed, including the developmental stage and specific locations from which these cells can be purified. In particular, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth may act as a very practical and easily accessibly reservoir for autologous stem cells and hold the most value in stem cell therapy. Dental pulp stem cells and periodontal ligament stem cells should also be considered for their triple lineage differentiation ability and relative ease of isolation. Further, we address the potentials and limitations of induced pluripotent stem cells as a cell source in dental regenerative. FUTURE DIRECTIONS From an economical and a practical standpoint, dental stem cell therapy would be most easily applied in the prevention of periodontal ligament detachment and bone atrophy, as well as in the regeneration of dentin-pulp complex. In contrast, cell-based tooth replacement due to decay or other oral pathology seems, at the current time, an untenable approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxue Feng
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Chistopher Lengner
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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