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Wu Y, Guo W, Wang T, Liu Y, Mullor MDMR, Rodrìguez RA, Zhao S, Wei R. The comprehensive landscape of prognosis, immunity, and function of the GLI family by pan-cancer and single-cell analysis. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:5123-5148. [PMID: 38498906 PMCID: PMC11006459 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various cancers. However, the roles of the downstream GLI family (GLI1, GLI2, and GLI3) in tumorigenesis remain elusive. This study aimed to unravel the genetic alterations of GLI1/2/3 in cancer and their association with the immune microenvironment and related signaling pathways. Firstly, we evaluated the expression profiles of GLI1/2/3 in different cancer types, analyzed their prognostic and predictive values, and assessed their correlation with tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Secondly, we explored the relationships between GLI1/2/3 and genetic mutations, epigenetic modifications, and clinically relevant drugs. Finally, we performed enrichment analysis to decipher the underlying mechanisms of GLI1/2/3 in cancer initiation and progression. Our results revealed that the expression levels of GLI1/2/3 were positively correlated in most cancer tissues, suggesting a cooperative role of these factors in tumorigenesis. We also identified tissue-specific expression patterns of GLI1/2/3, which may reflect the distinct functions of these factors in different cell types. Furthermore, GLI1/2/3 expression displayed significant associations with poor prognosis in several cancers, indicating their potential as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Importantly, we found that GLI1/2/3 modulated the immune microenvironment by regulating the recruitment, activation, and polarization of cancer-associated fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages. Additionally, functional enrichment analyses indicated that GLI1/2/3 are involved in the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Together, our findings shed new light on the roles of GLI1/2/3 in tumorigenesis and provide a potential basis for the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting GLI-mediated signaling pathways in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinteng Wu
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Wenliang Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guigang City People’s Hospital, Guigang, Guangxi 537100, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | | | | | - Shijian Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650102, China
| | - Ruqiong Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
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2
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Ide M, Tabata N, Yonemura Y, Murai K, Wang Y, Ishida A, Honda M, Kaneko S, Ito S, Yanagawa H. Hepatitis B virus evades the immune system by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway with DENND2A. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0378523. [PMID: 38240571 PMCID: PMC10913737 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03785-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Overcoming hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a challenging problem because HBV deceives the host immune system. We have found that DENN domain-containing 2A (DENND2A) was essential for HBV maintenance, although its role remains unclear. In this study, we elucidate its function by screening a novel DENND2A-binding peptide, DENP4-3S. DENP4-3S exhibits homology to SAM and SH3 domain-containing protein 1 (SASH1), a scaffold protein involved in Toll-like receptor signaling that promotes proinflammatory cytokine production. We confirmed that DENND2A interacts with SASH1 specifically. Overexpression and knockdown experiments showed that overexpression of DENND2A suppressed the transcriptional activity of NF-κB, and the knockdown of DENND2A promoted it and the production of cytokines and interferons. Here, we constructed a fusion protein (10M-DEN3SN) consisting of an anti-asialoglycoprotein receptor antibody and DENP4-3S to deliver the peptide to hepatocytes specifically. 10M-DEN3SN inhibited the interaction between DENND2A and SASH1, and rescued SASH1 trapped by DENND2A, leading to the upregulation of NF-κB and its downstream signaling. In addition, 10M-DEN3SN suppressed HBV proliferation in PXB chimeric mice. These results with the DENND2A-binding peptide delivered into hepatocytes suggested the involvement of DENND2A, SASH, and NF-κB signaling pathway in the HBV infection and onset of hepatitis. In conclusion, this study indicates that HBV utilizes DENND2A and SASH1 to evade the immune system.IMPORTANCEHepatitis B virus (HBV) is a serious liver infection with no established cure, causing an abnormal host immune response. Here, we identified a novel peptide that interacts with DENN domain-containing 2A (DENND2A), a host factor essential for HBV maintenance. The resulting peptide showed sequence homology, revealing an interaction between DENND2A and the immune system regulator SASH1. This study suggests that DENND2A contributes to HBV infection by suppressing the cellular immune system by inhibiting SASH1. The DENND2A-binding peptide, incorporated into our hepatocyte-specific peptide delivery system, inhibited the DENND2A-SASH1 interaction and promoted the production of cytokines and interferons in cultured hepatocytes. As a consequence, the peptide suppressed HBV proliferation in humanized mice. We report new insights into the role of DENND2A and SASH1 in HBV maintenance and highlight the importance of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Ide
- Research Department, Purotech Bio Inc, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Noriko Tabata
- Research Department, Purotech Bio Inc, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuko Yonemura
- Research Department, Purotech Bio Inc, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Murai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Health Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Health Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Atsuya Ishida
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Health Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Masao Honda
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Health Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kaneko
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Ito
- Research Department, Purotech Bio Inc, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yanagawa
- Research Department, Purotech Bio Inc, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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Bai L, Guo Y, Gong J, Li Y, Huang H, Meng Y, Liu X. Machine learning and bioinformatics framework integration reveal potential characteristic genes related to immune cell infiltration in preeclampsia. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1078166. [PMID: 37389124 PMCID: PMC10300062 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1078166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Preeclampsia is a disease that affects both the mother and child, with serious consequences. Screening the characteristic genes of preeclampsia and studying the placental immune microenvironment are expected to explore specific methods for the treatment of preeclampsia and gain an in-depth understanding of the pathological mechanism of preeclampsia. Methods: We screened for differential genes in preeclampsia by using limma package. Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, disease ontology enrichment, and gene set enrichment analyses were performed. Analysis and identification of preeclampsia biomarkers were performed by using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model, support vector machine recursive feature elimination, and random forest algorithm. The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to analyze immune cell infiltration. The characteristic genes were verified by RT-qPCR. Results: We identified 73 differential genes, which mainly involved in reproductive structure and system development, hormone transport, etc. KEGG analysis revealed emphasis on cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions and interleukin-17 signaling pathways. Differentially expressed genes were dominantly concentrated in endocrine system diseases and reproductive system diseases. Our findings suggest that LEP, SASH1, RAB6C, and FLT1 can be used as placental markers for preeclampsia and they are associated with various immune cells. Conclusion: The differentially expressed genes in preeclampsia are related to inflammatory response and other pathways. Characteristic genes, LEP, SASH1, RAB6C, and FLT1 can be used as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for preeclampsia, and they are associated with immune cell infiltration. Our findings contribute to the pathophysiological mechanism exploration of preeclampsia. In the future, the sample size needs to be expanded for data analysis and validation, and the immune cells need to be further validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Bai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyan Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junxing Gong
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hefeng Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yicong Meng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinmei Liu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Clements CM, Henen MA, Vögeli B, Shellman YG. The Structural Dynamics, Complexity of Interactions, and Functions in Cancer of Multi-SAM Containing Proteins. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3019. [PMID: 37296980 PMCID: PMC10252437 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15113019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
SAM domains are crucial mediators of diverse interactions, including those important for tumorigenesis or metastasis of cancers, and thus SAM domains can be attractive targets for developing cancer therapies. This review aims to explore the literature, especially on the recent findings of the structural dynamics, regulation, and functions of SAM domains in proteins containing more than one SAM (multi-SAM containing proteins, MSCPs). The topics here include how intrinsic disorder of some SAMs and an additional SAM domain in MSCPs increase the complexity of their interactions and oligomerization arrangements. Many similarities exist among these MSCPs, including their effects on cancer cell adhesion, migration, and metastasis. In addition, they are all involved in some types of receptor-mediated signaling and neurology-related functions or diseases, although the specific receptors and functions vary. This review also provides a simple outline of methods for studying protein domains, which may help non-structural biologists to reach out and build new collaborations to study their favorite protein domains/regions. Overall, this review aims to provide representative examples of various scenarios that may provide clues to better understand the roles of SAM domains and MSCPs in cancer in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Clements
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Morkos A. Henen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.A.H.); (B.V.)
| | - Beat Vögeli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.A.H.); (B.V.)
| | - Yiqun G. Shellman
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
- Charles C. Gates Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology Institute, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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SASH1 knockdown suppresses TRAF6 ubiquitination to regulate hemangioma progression by mediating EZH2 degradation. Exp Cell Res 2022; 418:113270. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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6
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Dong N, Li D, Cai H, Shi L, Huang L. Expression of lncRNA MIR193BHG in serum of preeclampsia patients and its clinical significance. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2022; 51:102357. [PMID: 35301154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2022.102357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia (PE) represents a salient complication of late pregnancy. Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) are critical biological regulators in PE. This study investigated lncRNA MIR193BHG expression and clinical significance in PE. METHODS Serum samples were collected from 116 PE patients, including 62 cases of mild PE (mPE) and 54 cases of severe PE (sPE), with another 50 normal pregnant women as controls. LncRNA MIR193BHG expression in serum was detected by RT-qPCR. The correlation between MIR193BHG expression and clinical indicators was determined using Pearson analysis. The downstream microRNAs (miRNAs) and genes of MIR193BHG were predicted and verified through the database and dual-luciferase assay. Expressions of miR-345-3p and SASH1 in serum of PE patients were detected using RT-qPCR. RESULTS LncRNA MIR193BHG was upregulated in the serum of PE patients, and MIR193BHG expression in mPE patients was lower than that in sPE patients. MIR193BHG expression was positively correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and urine protein. miR-345-3p was poorly expressed and SASH was highly expressed in serum of PE patients. There existed a binding relationship between MIR193BHG and miR-345-3p or between miR-345-3p and SASH. CONCLUSION LncRNA MIR193BHG was upregulated in the serum of PE patients. Moreover, MIR193BHG might play a role in PE by competitively binding to SASH1 with miR-345-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, No. 228 Jingui Road, Xian'an District, Xianning City, Hubei Province, 437100, China
| | - Duanfei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, No. 228 Jingui Road, Xian'an District, Xianning City, Hubei Province, 437100, China
| | - Huilan Cai
- Clinical School of Hubei University of Science and Technology, No. 88 Xianning Avenue, Xian'an District, Xianning City, Hubei Province, 437100, China
| | - Ling Shi
- Clinical School of Hubei University of Science and Technology, No. 88 Xianning Avenue, Xian'an District, Xianning City, Hubei Province, 437100, China
| | - Lu Huang
- Clinical School of Hubei University of Science and Technology, No. 88 Xianning Avenue, Xian'an District, Xianning City, Hubei Province, 437100, China.
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7
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Citron F, Segatto I, Musco L, Pellarin I, Rampioni Vinciguerra GL, Franchin G, Fanetti G, Miccichè F, Giacomarra V, Lupato V, Favero A, Concina I, Srinivasan S, Avanzo M, Castiglioni I, Barzan L, Sulfaro S, Petrone G, Viale A, Draetta GF, Vecchione A, Belletti B, Baldassarre G. miR-9 modulates and predicts the response to radiotherapy and EGFR inhibition in HNSCC. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e12872. [PMID: 34062049 PMCID: PMC8261495 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202012872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) plus the anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody Cetuximab (CTX) is an effective combination therapy for a subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. However, predictive markers of efficacy are missing, resulting in many patients treated with disappointing results and unnecessary toxicities. Here, we report that activation of EGFR upregulates miR-9 expression, which sustains the aggressiveness of HNSCC cells and protects from RT-induced cell death. Mechanistically, by targeting KLF5, miR-9 regulates the expression of the transcription factor Sp1 that, in turn, stimulates tumor growth and confers resistance to RT+CTX in vitro and in vivo. Intriguingly, high miR-9 levels have no effect on the sensitivity of HNSCC cells to cisplatin. In primary HNSCC, miR-9 expression correlated with Sp1 mRNA levels and high miR-9 expression predicted poor prognosis in patients treated with RT+CTX. Overall, we have discovered a new signaling axis linking EGFR activation to Sp1 expression that dictates the response to combination treatments in HNSCC. We propose that miR-9 may represent a valuable biomarker to select which HNSCC patients might benefit from RT+CTX therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Citron
- Molecular Oncology UnitCentro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO)IRCCSNational Cancer InstituteAvianoItaly
- Department of Genomic MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | - Ilenia Segatto
- Molecular Oncology UnitCentro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO)IRCCSNational Cancer InstituteAvianoItaly
| | - Lorena Musco
- Molecular Oncology UnitCentro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO)IRCCSNational Cancer InstituteAvianoItaly
| | - Ilenia Pellarin
- Molecular Oncology UnitCentro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO)IRCCSNational Cancer InstituteAvianoItaly
| | - Gian Luca Rampioni Vinciguerra
- Molecular Oncology UnitCentro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO)IRCCSNational Cancer InstituteAvianoItaly
- Faculty of Medicine and PsychologyDepartment of Clinical and Molecular MedicineUniversity of Rome “Sapienza”Santo Andrea HospitalRomeItaly
| | - Giovanni Franchin
- Oncologic Radiotherapy UnitCentro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO)IRCCSNational Cancer InstituteAvianoItaly
| | - Giuseppe Fanetti
- Oncologic Radiotherapy UnitCentro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO)IRCCSNational Cancer InstituteAvianoItaly
| | - Francesco Miccichè
- Università Cattolica del Sacro CuoreFondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino GemelliPolo Scienze Oncologiche ed EmatologicheRomeItaly
| | - Vittorio Giacomarra
- Division of OtorhinolaryngologyAzienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria degli AngeliPordenoneItaly
| | - Valentina Lupato
- Division of OtorhinolaryngologyAzienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria degli AngeliPordenoneItaly
| | - Andrea Favero
- Molecular Oncology UnitCentro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO)IRCCSNational Cancer InstituteAvianoItaly
| | - Isabella Concina
- Molecular Oncology UnitCentro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO)IRCCSNational Cancer InstituteAvianoItaly
| | - Sanjana Srinivasan
- Department of Genomic MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | - Michele Avanzo
- Medical Physics UnitCentro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO)IRCCSNational Cancer InstituteAvianoItaly
| | - Isabella Castiglioni
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and PhysiologyNational Research Council (IBFM‐CNR)MilanItaly
- Department of PhysicsUniversità degli Studi di Milano‐BicoccaMilanItaly
| | - Luigi Barzan
- Division of OtorhinolaryngologyAzienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria degli AngeliPordenoneItaly
| | - Sandro Sulfaro
- Division of PathologyAzienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria degli AngeliPordenoneItaly
| | - Gianluigi Petrone
- Università Cattolica del Sacro CuoreFondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino GemelliPolo Scienze Oncologiche ed EmatologicheRomeItaly
- Present address:
Centro Diagnostica MINERVARomeItaly
| | - Andrea Viale
- Department of Genomic MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | - Giulio F Draetta
- Department of Genomic MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | - Andrea Vecchione
- Faculty of Medicine and PsychologyDepartment of Clinical and Molecular MedicineUniversity of Rome “Sapienza”Santo Andrea HospitalRomeItaly
| | - Barbara Belletti
- Molecular Oncology UnitCentro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO)IRCCSNational Cancer InstituteAvianoItaly
| | - Gustavo Baldassarre
- Molecular Oncology UnitCentro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO)IRCCSNational Cancer InstituteAvianoItaly
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8
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Liu H, Wang N, Li J, Wang W, Han W, Li Q. AAV1-Mediated shRNA Knockdown of SASH1 in Rat Bronchus Attenuates Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Artery Remodeling. Hum Gene Ther 2021; 32:796-805. [PMID: 33297837 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2020.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a proliferative disease characterized by pulmonary arterial remodeling (PAR). SAM and SH3 domain containing 1 (SASH1) is a novel tumor suppressor gene whose biological function in PH is unclear. In this study, a hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH) rat model was constructed to explore the role of SASH1 in PAR. Histopathological changes in the lung tissue and hemodynamic alteration were detected in SASH1-knockdown rats through adeno-associated virus type-1 (AAV1) infection. In vitro, primary human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) were transfected with SASH1siRNA to investigate the effects of SASH1 on hypoxia-induced proliferation and migration. The molecular mechanisms associated with SASH1 were explored through knockdown and overexpression approaches. We found that SASH1 expression was significantly increased in rat pulmonary arteries and HPASMCs after hypoxia exposure. In vivo, silencing the SASH1 gene expression improved HPH in rats. The SASH1 downregulation inhibited proliferation and migration of hypoxia-induced HPASMCs. The protein expression of phospho-AKT (known as protein kinase B), proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) in HPASMCs were increased after SASH1 overexpression, whereas these effects were inhibited by SASH1 knockdown. In conclusion, SASH1 downregulation improved hypoxia-induced PAR and PH. SASH1 may be a novel target for PH gene therapy in the era of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Departments of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine and.,Departments of Respiratory Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Departments of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Jun Li
- Departments of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Wenting Wang
- Departments of Oncology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Han
- Departments of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine and.,Departments of Respiratory Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Qinghai Li
- Departments of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine and.,Departments of Respiratory Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
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9
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Jiang X, Chu Z, Cao Y, Tang Y, Shi Y, Shi X. PDLIM2 prevents the malignant phenotype of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by negatively regulating β-catenin. Cancer Gene Ther 2021; 28:1113-1124. [PMID: 33398035 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-00257-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies and leading causes of cancer-related deaths globally. Despite significant advances in therapy, the molecular mechanisms underlying HCC development and progression remain unclear. Here, we aimed to explore the potential role of PDLIM2 in the development and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HCC via a possible modulation of β-catenin. We first confirmed that PDLIM2 was downregulated in HCC tissues and cells and found lower PDLIM2 expression was associated with worse prognosis in HCC patients. Loss- and gain- of function experiments were performed to evaluate the roles of PDLIM2 and β-catenin in HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT, and colony formation. EMT was determined based on the levels of E-cadherin, zonula occludens-1, N-cadherin, and vimentin expression. In vivo, the roles of PDLIM2 and β-catenin in HCC were investigated by using a nude mouse xenograft model. It should be noted that PDLIM2 led to the inhibition of β-catenin activity and its downstream gene expression. Importantly, ectopic PDLIM2 expression inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of HCC cells by reducing β-catenin expression both in vitro and in vivo, thereby suppressing the occurrence and progression of HCC. Taken together, our results demonstrated that overexpressed PDLIM2 exerts a tumor-suppressive role in HCC by regulating β-catenin. This study suggests that the PDLIM2 may be a promising target for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Jiang
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China.,Department of Emergency, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Zhe Chu
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China.,Department of Emergency, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Respiration, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Hepatology, Medical School of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China.
| | - Xu Shi
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China.
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10
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Burgess JT, Bolderson E, Adams MN, Duijf PHG, Zhang SD, Gray SG, Wright G, Richard DJ, O'Byrne KJ. SASH1 is a prognostic indicator and potential therapeutic target in non-small cell lung cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18605. [PMID: 33122723 PMCID: PMC7596716 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75625-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
SASH1 (SAM and SH3 domain-containing protein 1) is a tumor suppressor protein that has roles in key cellular processes including apoptosis and cellular proliferation. As these cellular processes are frequently disrupted in human tumours and little is known about the role of SASH1 in the pathogenesis of the disease, we analysed the prognostic value of SASH1 in non-small cell lung cancers using publicly available datasets. Here, we show that low SASH1 mRNA expression is associated with poor survival in adenocarcinoma. Supporting this, modulation of SASH1 levels in a panel of lung cancer cell lines mediated changes in cellular proliferation and sensitivity to cisplatin. The treatment of lung cancer cells with chloropyramine, a compound that increases SASH1 protein concentrations, reduced cellular proliferation and increased sensitivity to cisplatin in a SASH1-dependent manner. In summary, compounds that increase SASH1 protein levels could represent a novel approach to treat NSCLC and warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T Burgess
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health at the Translational Research Institute (TRI), Queensland University of Technology, 37 Kent Street Woolloongabba, Brisbane, 4102, Australia.
| | - Emma Bolderson
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health at the Translational Research Institute (TRI), Queensland University of Technology, 37 Kent Street Woolloongabba, Brisbane, 4102, Australia.
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia.
| | - Mark N Adams
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health at the Translational Research Institute (TRI), Queensland University of Technology, 37 Kent Street Woolloongabba, Brisbane, 4102, Australia
| | - Pascal H G Duijf
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health at the Translational Research Institute (TRI), Queensland University of Technology, 37 Kent Street Woolloongabba, Brisbane, 4102, Australia
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute (TRI), Brisbane, Australia
| | - Shu-Dong Zhang
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, University of Ulster, C-TRIC Building, Altnagelvin Hospital Campus, Glenshane Road, Londonderry, BT47 6SB, UK
- Center for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Steven G Gray
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- HOPE Directorate, St. James Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Gavin Wright
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Derek J Richard
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health at the Translational Research Institute (TRI), Queensland University of Technology, 37 Kent Street Woolloongabba, Brisbane, 4102, Australia
| | - Kenneth J O'Byrne
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health at the Translational Research Institute (TRI), Queensland University of Technology, 37 Kent Street Woolloongabba, Brisbane, 4102, Australia.
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia.
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Expression of SASH1 in Preeclampsia and Its Effects on Human Trophoblast. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5058260. [PMID: 33134379 PMCID: PMC7593751 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5058260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Aim To explore the involvement of SASH1 in preeclampsia. Methods Expression of SASH1 was determined by qPCR, WB, and immunohistochemistry in the placenta of both normal and preeclamptic pregnancies. The SASH1 gene of human HTR-8/SVneo cells was overexpressed by transfection of pEZ-Lv206-SASH1. After that, the CCK-8 assay, EdU assay, transwell assay, and flow cytometry were used to examine the cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Results Higher expression of SASH1 was detected in placental tissues collected from patients with preeclampsia, compared with those from gestational age-matched control samples. The expression of SASH1 was significantly enhanced by transfection with pEZ-Lv206-SASH1 in HTR-8/SVneo cells. In addition, the HTR-8/SVneo cells transfected with pEZ-Lv206-SASH1 exhibited significantly reduced proliferation, migration, and invasion ability compared to the cells in the empty vector group and normal group. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that the apoptosis rate of cells transfected with pEZ-Lv206-SASH1 was significantly higher than that of cells transfected with empty vector and untreated cells. Conclusions SASH1 is significantly upregulated in the placenta of preeclampsia, and overexpression of SASH1 can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion, but induce apoptosis of trophoblast cells in vitro.
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12
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Paired like homeodomain 1 and SAM and SH3 domain-containing 1 in the progression and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 127:105846. [PMID: 32905855 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2020.105846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive malignancy with high morbidity and mortality rates. In spite of numerous advancements have been made in therapeutic methods, the prognosis of HNSCC patients remains poor. Therefore, investigation of crucial genes during HNSCC tumorigenesis which could be exploited as biomarkers and therapeutic targets is greatly needed. In this study, original data of four independent datasets was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and analyzed through R language to screen out differentially expressed genes. Paired like homeodomain 1 and SAM and SH3 domain-containing 1 were selected to be further explored through multiple online databases. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis and immunohistochemistry assay were adopted to validate the downregulation of paired like homeodomain 1 and SAM and SH3 domain-containing 1 in HNSCC and statistical analysis indicated their close associations with patient prognosis. In vitro experiments demonstrated the inhibitory effect of paired like homeodomain 1 and SAM and SH3 domain-containing 1 on HNSCC progression. Overall, we identified the aberrant downregulation of paired like homeodomain 1 and SAM and SH3 domain-containing 1 in HNSCC and suggested the potential of utilizing them as therapeutic targets or efficient biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. Our findings may provide novel evidences for the development of new strategies for HNSCC treatment.
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Ilnitskaya AS, Zhitnyak IY, Gloushankova NA. Involvement of SASH1 in the Maintenance of Stable Cell-Cell Adhesion. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2020; 85:660-667. [PMID: 32586229 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920060036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
SASH1 is an adapter and signaling protein that contains SH3 and SAM domains responsible for protein-protein interactions. SASH1 downregulation has been observed in many tumors. We examined localization of SASH1 in cultures of normal IAR-20 epithelial cells and HT-29 colorectal cancer cells using immunofluorescence staining and confocal microscopy. IAR-20 normal epithelial cells and HT-29 cells with epithelial phenotype formed stable linear adherens junctions (AJs) associated with circumferential actin bundles. In both IAR-20 and HT-29 cells, SASH1 was co-localized with zones of circumferential actin bundles and linear AJs. SASH1 was not detected in lamellipodia. IAR-20 and HT-29 cells treated with Epidermal Growth Factor underwent epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We observed significant differences in the course of EMT between IAR-20 and HT-29 cultures. IAR-20 cells underwent partial EMT acquiring migratory phenotype but retaining E-cadherin in unstable radial AJs. SASH1 was present in these contacts. Disappearance of AJs was observed in HT-29 cell undergoing a complete EMT, which also resulted in disruption of stable cell-cell adhesion. SASH1 was lost from the zones of cell-cell interaction. SASH1 depletion by means of RNA interference in IAR-20 cells led to destruction of stable linear AJs and acquisition of mesenchymal phenotype by some of the cells. These data indicate involvement of SASH1 in the maintenance of stable cell-cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Ilnitskaya
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 115478, Russia
| | - I Y Zhitnyak
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 115478, Russia
| | - N A Gloushankova
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 115478, Russia.
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14
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Xu Z, Li Y, Wang D, Wu D, Wang J, Chen L, Deng Y, Zhang J, Wu Z, Wan X, Liu Q, Huang H, Hu P, Zeng J, Zhou D. Mutated SASH1 promotes Mitf expression in a heterozygous mutated SASH1 knock‑in mouse model. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:1118-1134. [PMID: 32582980 PMCID: PMC7387086 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The SAM and SH3 domain‑containing 1 (SASH1) genes have been identified as the causal genes of dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH); these genes cause the pathological phenotypes of DUH, and SASH1 variants have been shown to regulate the abnormal pigmentation phenotype in human skin in various genodermatoses. However, investigations into the mutated SASH1 gene have been limited to in vitro studies. In the present study, to recapitulate the molecular pathological phenotypes of individuals with DUH induced by SASH1 mutations, a heterozygous BALB/c mouse model, in which the human SASH1 c.1654 T>G (p. Tyr 551Asp, Y551D) mutation was knocked in was first generated. The in vivo functional experiments on Y551D SASH1 indicated that the increased expression of microphthalmia‑associated transcription factor (Mitf) was uniformly induced in the tails of heterozygous BALB/c mice, and an increased quantity of Mitf‑positive epithelial cells was also detected. An increased expression of Mitf‑ and Mitf‑positive cells was also demonstrated in the epithelial tissues of Y551D‑SASH1 affected individuals. In the present study, Mitf expression was also found to be increased by Y551D SASH1 in vitro. Taken together, these findings indicate that the upregulation of Mitf is the bona fide effector of the Y551D SASH1‑mediated melanogenesis signaling pathway in vivo. SASH1 may function as a scaffold molecule for the assembly of a SASH1‑Mitf molecular complex to regulate Mitf expression in the cell nucleus and thus to promote the hyperpigmented phenotype in the pathogenesis of DUH and other genodermatoses related to pigment abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexi Xu
- Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Yadong Li
- Clinical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Dahong Wang
- Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Daoqiu Wu
- School of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Jinyun Wang
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Lian Chen
- Clinical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Yinqian Deng
- Clinical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Zhixiong Wu
- Clinical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wan
- Clinical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Qianfan Liu
- Clinical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Hai Huang
- School of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Pingsheng Hu
- Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Jiawei Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
| | - Ding'an Zhou
- Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
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A Review of Candidate Genes and Pathways in Preeclampsia-An Integrated Bioinformatical Analysis. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9040062. [PMID: 32230784 PMCID: PMC7235730 DOI: 10.3390/biology9040062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disorder characterized by the presence of hypertension with the onset of either proteinuria, maternal organ or uteroplacental dysfunction. Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity worldwide. However, the etiopathologies of preeclampsia are not fully understood. Many studies have indicated that genes are differentially expressed between normal and in the disease state. Hence, this study systematically searched the literature on human gene expression that was differentially expressed in preeclampsia. An electronic search was performed through 2019 through PubMed, Scopus, Ovid-Medline, and Gene Expression Omnibus where the following MeSH (Medical Subject Heading) terms were used and they had been specified as the primary focus of the articles: Gene, placenta, preeclampsia, and pregnancy in the title or abstract. We also found additional MeSH terms through Cochrane Library: Transcript, sequencing, and profiling. From 687 studies retrieved from the search, only original publications that had performed high throughput sequencing of human placental tissues that reported on differentially expressed genes in pregnancies with preeclampsia were included. Two reviewers independently scrutinized the titles and abstracts before examining the eligibility of studies that met the inclusion criteria. For each study, study design, sample size, sampling type, and method for gene analysis and gene were identified. The genes listed were further analyzed with the DAVID, STRING and Cytoscape MCODE. Three original research articles involving preeclampsia comprising the datasets in gene expression were included. By combining three studies together, 250 differentially expressed genes were produced at a significance setting of p < 0.05. We identified candidate genes: LEP, NRIP1, SASH1, and ZADHHC8P1. Through GO analysis, we found extracellular matrix organization as the highly significant enriched ontology in a group of upregulated genes and immune process in downregulated genes. Studies on a genetic level have the potential to provide new insights into the regulation and to widen the basis for identification of changes in the mechanism of preeclampsia. Integrated bioinformatics could identify differentially expressed genes which could be candidate genes and potential pathways in preeclampsia that may improve our understanding of the cause and underlying molecular mechanisms that could be used as potential biomarkers for risk stratification and treatment.
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Mao JX, Guo WY, Guo M, Liu C, Teng F, Ding GS. Acute rejection after liver transplantation is less common, but predicts better prognosis in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Hepatol Int 2020; 14:347-361. [PMID: 32140981 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-020-10022-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With a novel finding of significantly lower incidence of acute rejection (AR) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver transplantation, compared with those with benign end-stage liver disease (BESLD), in a large national cohort, we analyzed the correlations among the perioperative immuno-inflammation status, postoperative AR, and prognosis in HCC and BESLD patients with same etiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV), who underwent liver transplantation. METHODS Patients who underwent liver transplantation due to HBV-related HCC or BESLD and experienced AR between September 2008 and April 2017 were analyzed retrospectively and followed up until April 2018. HCC patients with AR were matched with those without AR according to tumor stage and immunosuppressant concentration, at a 1:3 ratio. Preoperative immuno-inflammation status and prognosis of patients in both groups were compared. RESULTS The overall incidences of AR in patients with HCC and BESLD were 8.60% and 10.61%, respectively. The postoperative 28-day incidence of AR was significantly lower in HCC compared with BESLD patients (3.23% vs 7.08%, p = 0.031). Compared with BESLD patients, the rejection activity index and perioperative CD4/CD8 ratio were significantly lower (p = 0.047 and p < 0.001, respectively), while platelet/lymphocyte ratio was significantly higher in HCC patients (p = 0.041). Later tumor stage in HCC patients was associated with higher systemic immuno-inflammation index, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, monocyte/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, aspartate aminotransferase/lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein/albumin ratio and fibrinogen level, and lower CD4/CD8 ratio before transplantation. In HCC patients with AR, the percentage of regulatory T cells (CD4+/CD25+) and the level of IL-10 significantly decreased (p = 0.0023, < 0.0001, respectively), while Th1/Th2 ratio, levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 markedly increased before transplantation (p = 0.0018, 0.0059, 0.0416, respectively). Preoperative monocyte/lymphocyte ratio was an independent risk factor for overall and recurrence-free survival after liver transplantation in HCC patients (p = 0.025, < 0.001, respectively). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 76%, 71% and 53% in the AR group, and 67%, 37% and 25% in the non-AR group (p = 0.042). CONCLUSION Preoperative tumor-related immunosuppression may persist after liver transplantation in HCC patients, and reduce the incidence of AR. AR after liver transplantation may indicate a better prognosis in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xi Mao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Yuan Guo
- Department of Liver Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Guo
- Department of Liver Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China.,National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Teng
- Department of Liver Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guo-Shan Ding
- Department of Liver Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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17
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Sun D, Han L, Cao R, Wang H, Jiang J, Deng Y, Yu X. Prediction of a miRNA-mRNA functional synergistic network for cervical squamous cell carcinoma. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:2080-2092. [PMID: 31642613 PMCID: PMC6886301 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) accounts for a significant proportion of cervical cancer; thus, there is a need for novel and noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers for this malignancy. In this study, we performed integrated analysis of a dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus database to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) between CSCC, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and healthy control subjects. We further established protein-protein interaction and DEmiRNA-target gene interaction networks, and performed functional annotation of the target genes of DEmiRNAs. In total, we identified 1375 DEGs and 19 DEmiRNAs in CIN versus normal control, and 2235 DEGs and 33 DEmiRNAs in CSCC versus CIN by integrated analysis. Our protein-protein interaction network indicates that the common DEGs, Cyclin B/cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), CCND1, ESR1 and Aurora kinase A (AURKA), are the top four hub genes. P53 and prostate cancer were identified as significantly enriched signaling pathways of common DEGs and DEmiRNA targets, respectively. We validated that expression levels of three DEGs (TYMS, SASH1 and CDK1) and one DEmiRNA of hsa-miR-99a were altered in blood samples of patients with CSCC. In conclusion, a total of four DEGs (TYMS, SASH1, CDK1 and AURKA) and two DEmiRNAs (hsa-miR-21 and hsa-miR-99a) may be involved in the pathogenesis of CIN and the progression of CIN into CSCC. Of these, TYMS is predicted to be regulated by hsa-miR-99a and SASH1 to be regulated by hsa-miR-21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Sun
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dalian Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, China
| | - Lu Han
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dalian Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, China
| | - Rui Cao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dalian Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, China
| | - Huali Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dalian Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, China
| | - Jiyong Jiang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dalian Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, China
| | - Yanjie Deng
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dalian Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dalian Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, China
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Jeng KS, Jeng CJ, Jeng WJ, Sheen IS, Li SY, Leu CM, Tsay YG, Chang CF. Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway as a potential target to inhibit the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:4377-4384. [PMID: 31611946 PMCID: PMC6781692 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Hepatocarcinogenesis involves numerous interlinked factors and processes, including the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway, which participates in the carcinogenesis, progression, invasiveness, recurrence and cancer stem cell maintenance of HCC. The Shh signaling pathway is activated by ligands that bind to their receptor protein, Protein patched homolog (Ptch). The process of Shh ligand binding to Ptch weakens the inhibition of smoothened homolog (SMO) and activates signal transduction via glioma-associated oncogene homolog (Gli) transcription factors. The overexpression of Shh pathway molecules, including Shh, Ptch-1, Gli and SMO has been indicated in patients with HCC. It has also been suggested that the Shh signaling pathway exhibits cross-talk between numerous other signaling pathways. The inactivation of the Shh signaling pathway reduces HCC growth, increases radio-sensitivity and increases the beneficial effect of chemotherapy in HCC treatment. Therefore, inhibition of the Shh pathway may be an effective target therapy that can be used in the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Shyang Jeng
- Department of General Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Research, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chi-Juei Jeng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wen-Juei Jeng
- Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - I-Shyan Sheen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shih-Yun Li
- Department of Medical Research, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chuen-Miin Leu
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yeou-Guang Tsay
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chiung-Fang Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Research, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Chen Y, Zhu W. Knockdown of the Sonic Hedgehog ( SHH) Gene Inhibits Proliferation of Hep3B and SMMC-7721 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via the PI3K/Akt/PCK1 Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:6023-6033. [PMID: 31406102 PMCID: PMC6703083 DOI: 10.12659/msm.914768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The PCK1 gene encodes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), which has been shown have a role in metabolic events in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to investigate the role of the SHH gene and its encoded protein, sonic hedgehog (SHH), in two human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines. Material/Methods The human HCC cell lines Hep3B and SMMC-7721 were cultured. Cells were transfected with plasmids carrying specific SHH gene short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) and negative control (NC) shRNA. The effects of knockdown of expression levels of the SHH gene were studied on cell survival, cell apoptosis, the cell cycle, gluconeogenesis, and the expression of PCK1. Anchorage-independent growth, a characteristic of transformed cells, was detected by the colony formation assay. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot were performed 24 h after transfection. Results Knockdown of expression levels of the SHH gene reduced cell proliferation and growth of HCC cells and induced cell apoptosis and G1 cell cycle arrest in both HCC cell lines. Knockdown of the SHH gene decreased the levels of glycolysis products and increased the production of glucose and reduced the phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt but induced the expression of PCK1. Conclusions Knockdown of the SHH gene reduced cell survival of HCC cells by increasing apoptosis, reducing cell proliferation, inducing G1 cell cycle arrest, and restoring gluconeogenesis, and was associated with the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt axis and induced the expression of PCK1.
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20
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Zhu Y, Ma Y, Peng H, Gong L, Xiao M, Xiang L, He D, Cao K. MiR-130b promotes the progression of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma by targeting SASH1. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 23:93-103. [PMID: 30443973 PMCID: PMC6307769 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR‐130b and SAM and SH3 domain containing 1 (SASH1) play an important role in many types of human cancers. The aim of our research was to study their interactions in the process of the proliferation and aggressiveness of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. Microarray analysis was done to screen the differentially expressed genes in the ESCC tissues. miR‐130b and SASH1 mRNA levels in the ESCC tissues and cells were detected by qRT‐PCR. Dual luciferase reporter system was used to verify the target relationship between miR‐130b and SASH1. The effects of miR‐130b on SASH1 expression were explored by western blot in KYSE30 and TE1 cell lines. CCK‐8 assay, flow cytometry, Transwell, and wound healing assays were conducted to explore the effects of miR‐130b and SASH1 in vitro. In addition, in vivo experiments were conducted to study the roles of miR‐130b and SASH1. miR‐130b was highly expressed, while SASH1 was the opposite in both the ESCC tissues and cells. The expression of SASH1 was inhibited by the direct binding of miR‐130b. The inhibition of miR‐130b reduced the proliferation and aggressiveness of ESCC cells, while it also induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the ESCC cells by suppressing SASH1. The in vivo assay suggested that the overexpression of miR‐130b promoted the growth of ESCC tumours. MiR‐130b was up‐regulated in the ESCC tumour tissues and cells, acting as a tumour promoter. A stimulating effect was demonstrated on ESCC cell growth and aggressiveness by suppressing SASH1, which is an anti‐oncogene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanni Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Honghua Peng
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lian Gong
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengqin Xiao
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Xiang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dong He
- Department of Respiration, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ke Cao
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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21
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Wang Q, Dai H. SASH1, a potential therapeutic target for cancer. Hum Pathol 2018; 80:246. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Downregulated SASH1 expression indicates poor clinical prognosis in gastric cancer. Hum Pathol 2018; 74:83-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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23
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Li Z, Ni J, Song D, Ding M. Regulatory mechanism of microRNA-128 in osteosarcoma tumorigenesis and evolution through targeting SASH1. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:8687-8694. [PMID: 29805606 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, which commonly occurs in young individuals, is a type of malignant tumor of growing bones. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to be involved in various cancer-related processes. In the present study, it was reported that miRNA-128 (miR-128) was overexpressed in pathological tissues from patients with osteosarcoma. The present study investigated the possible regulatory mechanism of miR-128 on the progression of osteosarcoma and offered a foundation for clinical therapeutics in osteosarcoma. First, the expressions levels of miR-128 and its target gene, SAM and SH3 domain-containing 1 (SASH1), were measured in tissues from patients with osteosarcoma, and their correlation with osteosarcoma in terms of the pathological level were examined. The effects of miR-128 on osteosarcoma cell proliferation and apoptosis were examined, and its regulation of the expression levels of SASH1 and associated proteins was analyzed. Subsequently, the association between SASH1 and miR-128 was evaluated using a dual luciferase gene reporter assay. Finally, an in vivo xenograft tumor mouse model of osteosarcoma was established to confirm the in vitro results. The results demonstrated a higher expression of miR-128 in pathological tissues, compared with that in normal tissues. From examining the patient osteosarcoma tissues, marked correlations were found between the expression of miR-128 and that of SASH1, particularly with tumor size, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, and tumor-node-metastasis stage. Compared with the negative control group and blank control group, the results showed that the inhibition of miR-128 led to a lower cell proliferation rate and higher apoptotic rate in MG-63 cells (P<0.05). Additionally, the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) was downregulated in the miR-128-inhibited group, compared with that in the control group, whereas the expression levels of SASH1, Bcl-2-associated X protein and caspase-3 were upregulated in the group with miR-128 inhibition (P<0.05). SASH1 was confirmed as a direct target of miR-128 using a dual luciferase gene reporter assay. Finally, the downregulation of miR-128 was found to induce tumor suppressive effects on xenograft tumor models of osteosarcoma in mice in vivo. The results of the present study suggested that miR-128 may regulate the tumorigenesis and evolution of osteosarcoma through targeting SASH1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Jiangdong Ni
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Deye Song
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Muliang Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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Involvement of PI3K/Akt pathway in the inhibition of hepatocarcinoma cell invasion and metastasis induced by SASH1 through downregulating Shh-Gli1 signaling. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 89:95-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Burgess JT, Bolderson E, Saunus JM, Zhang SD, Reid LE, McNicol AM, Lakhani SR, Cuff K, Richard K, Richard DJ, O'Byrne KJ. SASH1 mediates sensitivity of breast cancer cells to chloropyramine and is associated with prognosis in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:72807-72818. [PMID: 27637080 PMCID: PMC5341945 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of the SASH1 protein is reduced in a range of human cancers and has been implicated in apoptotic cancer cell death. This study investigated whether increasing SASH1 expression could be a useful therapeutic strategy in breast cancer. Ectopic SASH1 expression increased apoptosis in 7/8 breast cancer cell lines. Subsequent in silico connectivity screening demonstrated that the clinically approved antihistamine drug, chloropyramine, increased SASH1 mRNA levels. Chloropyramine has previously been shown to have anti-tumour activity in breast cancer in part through modulation of FAK signalling, a pathway also regulated by SASH1. This study demonstrated that chloropyramine increased SASH1 protein levels in breast cancer cells. Consistent with this the agent reduced cell confluency in 7/8 cell lines treated irrespective of their ER status but not apoptosis incompetent MCF7 cells. In contrast SASH1 siRNA-transfected breast cancer cells exhibited reduced chloropyramine sensitivity. The prognostic significance of SASH1 expression was also investigated in two breast cancer cohorts. Expression was associated with favourable outcome in ER-positive cases, but only those of low histological grade/proliferative status. Conversely, we found a very strong inverse association in HER2+ disease irrespective of ER status, and in triple-negative, basal-like cases. Overall, the data suggest that SASH1 is prognostic in breast cancer and could have subtype-dependent effects on breast cancer progression. Pharmacologic induction of SASH1 by chloropyramine treatment of breast cancer warrants further preclinical and clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T. Burgess
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation at the Translational Research Institute (TRI), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Emma Bolderson
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation at the Translational Research Institute (TRI), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jodi M. Saunus
- The University of Queensland (UQ), UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shu-Dong Zhang
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, University of Ulster, Altnagelvin Hospital Campus, Londonderry, UK
- Center for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Lynne E. Reid
- The University of Queensland (UQ), UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anne Marie McNicol
- The University of Queensland (UQ), UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sunil R. Lakhani
- The University of Queensland (UQ), UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- Pathology Queensland, Royal Brisbane Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- UQ School of Medicine, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Katharine Cuff
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kerry Richard
- UQ School of Medicine, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- Conjoint Endocrine Laboratory, Pathology Queensland, Queensland Health, Herston, Australia
| | - Derek J. Richard
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation at the Translational Research Institute (TRI), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Translational Cell Imaging Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kenneth J. O'Byrne
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation at the Translational Research Institute (TRI), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Translational Cell Imaging Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Queensland, Australia
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