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Chhabra S, Mehan S. Matrine exerts its neuroprotective effects by modulating multiple neuronal pathways. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:1471-1499. [PMID: 37103719 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01214-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that misfolding, clumping, and accumulation of proteins in the brain may be common causes and pathogenic mechanism for several neurological illnesses. This causes neuronal structural deterioration and disruption of neural circuits. Research from various fields supports this idea, indicating that developing a single treatment for several severe conditions might be possible. Phytochemicals from medicinal plants play an essential part in maintaining the brain's chemical equilibrium by affecting the proximity of neurons. Matrine is a tetracyclo-quinolizidine alkaloid derived from the plant Sophora flavescens Aiton. Matrine has been shown to have a therapeutic effect on Multiple Sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and various other neurological disorders. Numerous studies have demonstrated that matrine protects neurons by altering multiple signalling pathways and crossing the blood-brain barrier. As a result, matrine may have therapeutic utility in the treatment of a variety of neurocomplications. This work aims to serve as a foundation for future clinical research by reviewing the current state of matrine as a neuroprotective agent and its potential therapeutic application in treating neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric illnesses. Future research will answer many concerns and lead to fascinating discoveries that could impact other aspects of matrine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swesha Chhabra
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
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2
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Lin Y, He F, Wu L, Xu Y, Du Q. Matrine Exerts Pharmacological Effects Through Multiple Signaling Pathways: A Comprehensive Review. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:533-569. [PMID: 35256842 PMCID: PMC8898013 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s349678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As The main effective monomer of the traditional Chinese medicine Sophora flavescens Ait, matrine has a broad scope of pharmacological activities such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-fibrotic, anti-viral, anti-arrhythmia, and improving immune function. These actions explain its therapeutic effects in various types of tumors, cardiopathy, encephalomyelitis, allergic asthma, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoporosis, and central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. Evidence has shown that the mechanism responsible for the pharmacological actions of matrine may be via the activation or inhibition of certain key molecules in several cellular signaling pathways including the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR), transforming growth factor-β/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (TGF-β/Smad), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), Wnt (wingless/ integration 1)/β-catenin, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathways. This review comprehensively summarizes recent studies on the pharmacological mechanisms of matrine to provide a theoretical basis for molecular targeted therapies and further development and utilization of matrine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingda Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People's Republic of China.,Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuming He
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People's Republic of China.,Department of Central Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People's Republic of China
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Li X, Tang Z, Wen L, Jiang C, Feng Q. Matrine: A review of its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, clinical application and preparation researches. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 269:113682. [PMID: 33307055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE "Dogel ebs" was known as Sophora flavescens Ait., which has been widely utilized in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese Mongolian herbal medicine for thousands of years. Shen Nong's Materia Medica (Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing in Chinese pinyin) recorded that it is bitter in taste and cold in nature with the effect of clearing heat and eliminating dampness, insecticide, diuresis. Due to its extensive application in the fields of ethnopharmacological utilization, the pharmaceutical researches of Sophora flavescens Ait.s keeps deepening. Modern pharmacological studies have exhibited that matrine, which is rich in this traditional herbal medicine, mediates its main biological properties. AIMS OF THE REVIEW This review aimed at summarizing the latest and comprehensive information of matrine on the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, clinical application and preparation researches to explore the therapeutic potential of this natural ingredient. In addition, outlooks and perspective for possible future researches that related are also discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Related information concerning matrine was gathered from the internet database of Google scholar, Pubmed, ResearchGate, Web of Science and Wiley Online Library with the keywords including "matrine", "pharmacology", "toxicology" and "pharmacokinetics", "clinical application", etc. RESULTS: Based on literatures, matrine has a variety of pharmacological effects, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, detoxification and so on. Nevertheless, there are still some doubts about it due to the toxicity and questionable bioavailability that does exist. CONCLUSIONS Future researches directions probably include elucidate the mechanism of its toxicity and accurately tracing the in vivo behavior of its drug delivery system. Without doubt, integration of toxicity and efficiency and structure modification based on it are also pivotal methods to enhance pharmacological activity and bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ziwei Tang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China; Beibei Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Chongqing, 400700, China
| | - Li Wen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Cen Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Quansheng Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Mallepalli S, Gupta MK, Vadde R. Neuroblastoma: An Updated Review on Biology and Treatment. Curr Drug Metab 2020; 20:1014-1022. [PMID: 31878853 DOI: 10.2174/1389200221666191226102231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroblastoma (NB) is the second leading extracranial solid tumors of early childhood and clinically characterized by the presence of round, small, monomorphic cells with excess nuclear pigmentation (hyperchromasia).Owing to a lack of definitive treatment against NB and less survival rate in high-risk patients, there is an urgent requirement to understand molecular mechanisms associated with NB in a better way, which in turn can be utilized for developing drugs towards the treatment of NB in human. OBJECTIVES In this review, an approach was adopted to understand major risk factors, pathophysiology, the molecular mechanism associated with NB, and various therapeutic agents that can serve as drugs towards the treatment of NB in humans. CONCLUSION Numerous genetic (e.g., MYCN amplification), perinatal, and gestational factors are responsible for developing NB. However, no definite environmental or parental exposures responsible for causing NB have been confirmed to date. Though intensive multimodal treatment approaches, namely, chemotherapy, surgery & radiation, may help in improving the survival rate in children, these approaches have several side effects and do not work efficiently in high-risk patients. However, recent studies suggested that numerous phytochemicals, namely, vincristine, and matrine have a minimal side effect in the human body and may serve as a therapeutic drug during the treatment of NB. Most of these phytochemicals work in a dose-dependent manner and hence must be prescribed very cautiously. The information discussed in the present review will be useful in the drug discovery process as well as treatment and prevention on NB in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Mallepalli
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa-516003, A.P., India
| | - Manoj Kumar Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa-516003, A.P., India
| | - Ramakrishna Vadde
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa-516003, A.P., India
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TRIB3 destabilizes tumor suppressor PPARα expression through ubiquitin-mediated proteasome degradation in acute myeloid leukemia. Life Sci 2020; 257:118021. [PMID: 32621919 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Tribbles homolog 3 (TRIB3) is emerging as a multifunctional oncoprotein associated with various cellular events in different tumors. However, the regulatory mechanism of TRIB3 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanisms and uncover the functions of TRIB3 in AML. METHODS Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR were used to analyze the expression levels of TRIB3, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), apoptosis markers and autophagy markers in AML cells. Flow cytometry was used to assess cell apoptosis. The interaction of TRIB3 and PPARα was evaluated by immunofluorescence, coimmunoprecipitation, and in vivo ubiquitination assays. KEY FINDINGS We demonstrated that downregulating TRIB3 in leukemic cells effectively induced apoptosis and autophagy by regulating the degradation of PPARα. Mechanistically, TRIB3 interacted with PPARα and contributed to its destabilization by promoting its ubiquitination. When PPARα was activated by its specific agonist clofibrate, the apoptosis and autophagy of AML cells were significantly enhanced. These results were confirmed by rescue experiments. Blocking PPARα expression using the PPARα inhibitor GW6471 reversed the functional influence of TRIB3 on AML cells. SIGNIFICANCE The aim of this study is to provide evidence of the degradation of PPARα by TRIB3 via ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation. This process meditates the progression of AML and prolongs the survival of leukemic cells. As a result, these data indicate that TRIB3 is a novel and promising therapeutic target for AML treatment.
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Yang B, Li H, Zhang T, Wang Z, Li H, Zhang Y. Nonlinear and mixed inhibitory effect of matrine on the cytotoxicity of oligomeric amyloid-β protein. Neurochem Int 2020; 137:104746. [PMID: 32325190 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The formation of amyloid β-protein (1-42) (Aβ42) oligomers and Aβ42 oligomer cytotoxicity are two defining characteristics of the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we found that matrine (Mat) could maintain or even enhance the cytotrophic effect of Aβ42 monomers by inhibiting their aggregation and by working in a manner similar to synergy with Aβ42 monomers. Moreover, Mat could also exert a cytoprotective effect by actively promoting the disaggregation of immature Aβ42 oligomers in a concentration-dependent manner. Although Mat at intermediate concentrations (1-50 μM) exhibited both cytotrophic and cytoprotective effects on SH-SY5Y cells, Mat at higher concentrations (100 μM) only exhibited a cytoprotective effect. Molecular docking studies reveal that these differences are a result of the different interactions between Mat and Aβ42 oligomers that occur at different molecular ratios. Our results support the hypothesis that there may be a Mat-like metabolite in the human brain that acts as a molecular chaperone for Aβ42 monomers. A deficiency in this chaperone would result in the gradual aggregation of Aβ42 monomers, and eventually, formation of toxic Aβ42 oligomers. In addition, reduction or clearance of Aβ42 aggregates or deposits and inhibition or elimination of the toxicity of oligomeric Aβ42, were not always directly correlated. Finally, the site(s) responsible for cytotoxicity in Aβ42 oligomers may be located in the integrated region of the N-terminal fragments of Aβ42 chains. This study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms involved in the development of natural drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - He Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yingjiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
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Hong X, Zhong L, Xie Y, Zheng K, Pang J, Li Y, Yang Y, Xu X, Mi P, Cao H, Zhang W, Hu T, Song G, Wang D, Zhan YY. Matrine Reverses the Warburg Effect and Suppresses Colon Cancer Cell Growth via Negatively Regulating HIF-1α. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1437. [PMID: 31849679 PMCID: PMC6892950 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Warburg effect is a peculiar feature of cancer’s metabolism, which is an attractive therapeutic target that could aim tumor cells while sparing normal tissue. Matrine is an alkaloid extracted from the herb root of a traditional Chinese medicine, Sophora flavescens Ait. Matrine has been reported to have selective cytotoxicity toward cancer cells but with elusive mechanisms. Here, we reported that matrine was able to reverse the Warburg effect (inhibiting glucose uptake and lactate production) and suppress the growth of human colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we revealed that matrine significantly decreased the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of HIF-1α, a critical transcription factor in reprogramming cancer metabolism toward the Warburg effect. As a result, the expression levels of GLUT1, HK2, and LDHA, the downstream targets of HIF-1α in regulating glucose metabolism, were dramatically inhibited by matrine. Moreover, this inhibitory effect of matrine was significantly attenuated when HIF-1α was knocked down or exogenous overexpressed in colon cancer cells. Together, our results revealed that matrine inhibits colon cancer cell growth via suppression of HIF-1α expression and its downstream regulation of Warburg effect. Matrine could be further developed as an antitumor agent targeting the HIF-1α-mediated Warburg effect for colon cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Hong
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Linhai Zhong
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yurou Xie
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Kaifeng Zheng
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jinglong Pang
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yesen Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yifan Yang
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaolin Xu
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Panying Mi
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hanwei Cao
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tianhui Hu
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Gang Song
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Daxuan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yan-Yan Zhan
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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