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Huang R, Wang Y, Li K, Wang YQ. Genetic variation and population structure of clonal Zingiber zerumbet at a fine geographic scale: a comparison with two closely related selfing and outcrossing Zingiber species. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:116. [PMID: 34107885 PMCID: PMC8191059 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01853-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has always been controversy over whether clonal plants have lower genetic diversity than plants that reproduce sexually. These conflicts could be attributed to the fact that few studies have taken into account the mating system of sexually reproducing plants and their phylogenetic distance. Moreover, most clonal plants in these previous studies regularly produce sexual progeny. Here, we describe a study examining the levels of genetic diversity and differentiation within and between local populations of fully clonal Zingiber zerumbet at a microgeographical scale and compare the results with data for the closely related selfing Z. corallinum and outcrossing Z. nudicarpum. Such studies could disentangle the phylogenetic and sexually reproducing effect on genetic variation of clonal plants, and thus contribute to an improved understanding in the clonally reproducing effects on genetic diversity and population structure. RESULTS The results revealed that the level of local population genetic diversity of clonal Z. zerumbet was comparable to that of outcrossing Z. nudicarpum and significantly higher than that of selfing Z. corallinum. However, the level of microgeographic genetic diversity of clonal Z. zerumbet is comparable to that of selfing Z. corallinum and even slightly higher than that of outcrossing Z. nudicarpum. The genetic differentiation among local populations of clonal Z. zerumbet was significantly lower than that of selfing Z. corallinum, but higher than that of outcrossing Z. nudicarpum. A stronger spatial genetic structure appeared within local populations of Z. zerumbet compared with selfing Z. corallinum and outcrossing Z. nudicarpum. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that fully clonal plants are able not only to maintain a high level of within-population genetic diversity like outcrossing plants, but can also maintain a high level of microgeographic genetic diversity like selfing plant species, probably due to the accumulation of somatic mutations and absence of a capacity for sexual reproduction. We suggest that conservation strategies for the genetic diversity of clonal and selfing plant species should be focused on the protection of all habitat types, especially fragments within ecosystems, while maintenance of large populations is a key to enhance the genetic diversity of outcrossing species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Kuan Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Ying-Qiang Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
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Radosavljević I, Antonić O, Hruševar D, Križan J, Satovic Z, Turković D, Liber Z. The Influence of a Seedling Recruitment Strategy and a Clonal Architecture on a Spatial Genetic Structure of a Salvia brachyodon (Lamiaceae) Population. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9070828. [PMID: 32630143 PMCID: PMC7412074 DOI: 10.3390/plants9070828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
By performing a high-resolution spatial-genetic analysis of a partially clonal Salvia brachyodon population, we elucidated its clonal architecture and seedling recruitment strategy. The sampling of the entire population was based on a 1 × 1 m grid and each sampled individual was genotyped. Population-genetic statistics were combined with geospatial analyses. On the population level, the presence of both sexual and clonal reproduction and repeated seedling recruitment as the prevailing strategy of new genets establishment were confirmed. On the patch level, a phalanx clonal architecture was detected. A significant negative correlation between patches' sizes and genotypic richness was observed as young plants were not identified within existing patches of large genets but almost exclusively in surrounding areas. The erosion of the genetic variability of older patches is likely caused by the inter-genet competition and resulting selection or by a random die-off of individual genets accompanied by the absence of new seedlings establishment. This study contributes to our understanding of how clonal architecture and seedling recruitment strategies can shape the spatial-genetic structure of a partially clonal population and lays the foundation for the future research of the influence of the population's clonal organization on its sexual reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Radosavljević
- Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, HR 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.H.); (D.T.); (Z.L.)
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, HR 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-99-8353-230
| | - Oleg Antonić
- Subdepartment of Quantitative Ecology, Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Dario Hruševar
- Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, HR 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.H.); (D.T.); (Z.L.)
| | | | - Zlatko Satovic
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, HR 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Department of Seed Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, HR 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Doroteja Turković
- Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, HR 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.H.); (D.T.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zlatko Liber
- Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, HR 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.H.); (D.T.); (Z.L.)
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, HR 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
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Reisch C, Meier S, Schmid C, Bartelheimer M. Clonal diversity and genetic variation of the sedge Carex nigra in an alpine fen depend on soil nutrients. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8887. [PMID: 32547850 PMCID: PMC7275680 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we analysed the impact of water regime and soil nutrients on the clonal diversity and genetic variation of the sedge Carex nigra in a central alpine fen. For our analysis, we established 16 study plots randomly distributed over the fen. We determined the exact elevation of each plot as an indicator for the water regime and measured the content of phosphorous and potassium in the soil of each plot. Clonal diversity and genetic variation of C. nigra were assessed with nuclear microsatellites using leaf material collected in 20 subplots along a diagonal cross within each study plot. The influence of water regime and soil mineral nutrients on clonal diversity and genetic variation was estimated by Bayesian multiple regression. Our study revealed a clear impact of soil nutrient conditions on clonal diversity and genetic variation of C. nigra, which increased with the concentration of phosphorous and decreased with the concentration of potassium. Key background to these findings seems to be the relative offspring success from generative as compared to clonal propagation. Phosphorous acquisition is essential during seedling establishment. Clonal diversity and genetic variation increase, therefore, at sites with higher phosphorous contents due to more successful recruitment. High levels of clonal diversity and genetic variation at sites of low potassium availability may in contrast be mainly caused by increased plant susceptibility to abiotic stress under conditions of potassium deficiency, which brings about more gaps in C. nigra stands and favors the ingrowth from other clones or recruitment from seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Reisch
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Meier
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Schmid
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Maik Bartelheimer
- Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, Faculty of Biology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Charbonneau BR, Nicoletta R, Wootton LS. A decade of expansion of the invasive plant Carex kobomugi in a coastal foredune system. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02240-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Xu NN, Jiang K, Biswas SR, Tong X, Wang R, Chen XY. Clone Configuration and Spatial Genetic Structure of Two Halophila ovalis Populations With Contrasting Internode Lengths. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Mori H, Ueno S, Matsumoto A, Kamijo T, Tsumura Y, Masaki T. Large contribution of clonal reproduction to the distribution of deciduous liana species (Wisteria floribunda) in an old-growth cool temperate forest: evidence from genetic analysis. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2018; 121:359-365. [PMID: 29293888 PMCID: PMC5808794 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcx153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aims Extensive clonal (vegetative) reproduction in lianas is a common and important life history strategy for regeneration and colonization success. However, few studies have evaluated the contribution of clonal reproduction to stand-level distribution of lianas in their natural habitat using genetic tools. The objectives of the present study were to investigate (1) the contribution of clonal reproduction to the distribution of Wisteria floribunda, (2) the size of clonal patches and (3) how the distribution patterns of W. floribunda clones are affected by micro-topography. Methods The contribution of clonal reproduction to the distribution of the deciduous liana species W. floribunda was evaluated using genetic analysis across a 6-ha plot of an old-growth temperate forest in Japan and preference in landform between clonal ramets and non-clonal ramets was assessed. Key Results Of the 391 ramets sampled, clonal reproduction contributed to 71 and 62 % of the total abundance and basal area, respectively, or 57 and 31 % when the largest ramet within a genet was excluded. The large contribution of clonal reproduction to the density and basal area of W. floribunda was consistent with previous observational studies. The largest genet included a patch size of 0.47 ha and ranged over 180 m. Preferred landforms of clonal and non-clonal ramets were significantly different when evaluated by both abundance and basal area. Non-clonal ramets distributed more on lower part of the slope than other landforms in comparison with clonal ramets and trees, possibly reflecting the limitation of clonal growth by stolons. Conclusions Using genetic analysis, the present study found evidence of a large contribution of clonal reproduction on the distribution of W. floribunda in its natural habitat. The results indicate that clonal reproduction plays an important role not only in the formation of populations but also in determining the distribution patterns of liana species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Mori
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Saneyoshi Ueno
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Asako Matsumoto
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takashi Kamijo
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Tsumura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takashi Masaki
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Schmidt L, Fischer M, Oja T. Two closely related species differ in their regional genetic differentiation despite admixing. AOB PLANTS 2018; 10:ply007. [PMID: 29479408 PMCID: PMC5817946 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/ply007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Regional genetic differentiation within species is often addressed in evolutionary ecology and conservation biology. Here, we address regional differentiation in two closely related hybridizing taxa, the perennial sedges Carex flava and C. viridula and their hybrid C. × subviridula in 37 populations in the north and centre of their distribution range in Europe (Estonia, Lowland (<1000 m a.s.l.) and Highland Switzerland) using 10 putative microsatellite loci. We ask whether regional differentiation was larger in the less common taxon C. viridula or whether, possibly due to hybridization, it was similar between taxa. Our results showed similar, low to moderate genetic diversity for the three studied taxa. In total, we found 12 regional species-specific alleles. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), STRUCTURE and multidimensional scaling analysis showed regional structure in genetic variation, where intraspecific differentiation between regions was lower for C. flava (AMOVA: 6.84 %) than for C. viridula (20.77 %) or C. × subviridula (18.27 %) populations. Hybrids differed from the parental taxa in the two regions where they occurred, i.e. in Estonia and Lowland Switzerland. We conclude that C. flava and C. viridula clearly differ from each other genetically, that there is pronounced regional differentiation and that, despite hybridization, this regional differentiation is more pronounced in the less common taxon, C. viridula. We encourage future studies on hybridizing taxa to work with plant populations from more than one region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanna Schmidt
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Department of Botany, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Markus Fischer
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Botanical Garden, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tatjana Oja
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Department of Botany, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Geremew A, Stiers I, Sierens T, Kefalew A, Triest L. Clonal growth strategy, diversity and structure: A spatiotemporal response to sedimentation in tropical Cyperus papyrus swamps. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190810. [PMID: 29338034 PMCID: PMC5770036 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Land degradation and soil erosion in the upper catchments of tropical lakes fringed by papyrus vegetation can result in a sediment load gradient from land to lakeward. Understanding the dynamics of clonal modules (ramets and genets) and growth strategies of plants on such a gradient in both space and time is critical for exploring a species adaptation and processes regulating population structure and differentiation. We assessed the spatial and temporal dynamics in clonal growth, diversity, and structure of an emergent macrophyte, Cyperus papyrus (papyrus), in response to two contrasting sedimentation regimes by combining morphological traits and genotype data using 20 microsatellite markers. A total of 636 ramets from six permanent plots (18 x 30 m) in three Ethiopian papyrus swamps, each with discrete sedimentation regimes (high vs. low) were sampled for two years. We found that ramets under the high sedimentation regime (HSR) were significantly clumped and denser than the sparse and spreading ramets under the low sedimentation regime (LSR). The HSR resulted in significantly different ramets with short culm height and girth diameter as compared to the LSR. These results indicated that C. papyrus ameliorates the effect of sedimentation by shifting clonal growth strategy from guerrilla (in LSR) to phalanx (in HSR). Clonal richness, size, dominance, and clonal subrange differed significantly between sediment regimes and studied time periods. Each swamp under HSR revealed a significantly high clonal richness (R = 0.80) as compared to the LSR (R = 0.48). Such discrepancy in clonal richness reflected the occurrence of initial and repeated seedling recruitment strategies as a response to different sedimentation regimes. Overall, our spatial and short-term temporal observations highlighted that HSR enhances clonal richness and decreases clonal subrange owing to repeated seedling recruitment and genets turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addisie Geremew
- Laboratory of Plant Biology and Nature Management (APNA), Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Iris Stiers
- Laboratory of Plant Biology and Nature Management (APNA), Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tim Sierens
- Laboratory of Plant Biology and Nature Management (APNA), Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alemayehu Kefalew
- Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management, College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ludwig Triest
- Laboratory of Plant Biology and Nature Management (APNA), Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
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Kartzinel TR, Hamrick JL, Wang C, Bowsher AW, Quigley BGP. Heterogeneity of clonal patterns among patches of kudzu, Pueraria montana var. lobata, an invasive plant. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2015; 116:739-750. [PMID: 26229064 PMCID: PMC4590328 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcv117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Viny species are among the most serious invasive plants, and better knowledge of how vines grow to dominate landscapes is needed. Patches may contain a single genotype (i.e. genet), a competitively dominant genet or many independent but interacting genets, yet the clonal structure of vining species is often not apparent. Molecular markers can discriminate among the genetic identities of entwined vines to reveal the number and spatial distribution of genets. This study investigated how genets are spatially distributed within and among discrete patches of the invasive vine kudzu, Pueraria montana var. lobata, in the United States. It was expected that ramets of genets would be spatially clustered within patches, and that an increase in the number of genets within a patch would be associated with a decrease in the average size of each genet. METHODS Six discrete kudzu patches were sampled across 2 years, and 1257 samples were genotyped at 21 polymorphic allozyme loci. Variation in genotypic and genetic diversity among patches was quantified and patterns of genet interdigitation were analysed. KEY RESULTS Substantial genotypic and genetic variation occurred within and among patches. As few as ten overlapping genets spanned up to 68 m(2) in one patch, while >90 % of samples were genetically unique in another patch. Genotypic diversity within patches increased as mean clone size decreased, although spatially widespread genets did not preclude interdigitation. Eight genets were shared across ≥2 patches, suggesting that vegetative dispersal can occur among patches. CONCLUSIONS Genetically unique kudzu vines are highly interdigitated. Multiple vegetative propagules have become established in spatially discrete patches, probably through the movement of highway construction or maintenance machinery. The results suggest that common methods for controlling invasive vines (e.g. mowing) may inadvertently increase genotypic diversity. Thus, understanding vine architecture and growth has practical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J L Hamrick
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA and
| | - Chongyun Wang
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA and Institute of Ecology and Geobotany, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Alan W Bowsher
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA and
| | - Bryan G P Quigley
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA and
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Dering M, Chybicki IJ, Rączka G. Clonality as a driver of spatial genetic structure in populations of clonal tree species. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2015; 128:731-745. [PMID: 26153428 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-015-0742-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Random genetic drift, natural selection and restricted gene dispersal are basic factors of the spatial genetic structure (SGS) in plant populations. Clonal reproduction has a profound effect on population dynamics and genetic structure and thus emerges as a potential factor in contributing to and modelling SGS. In order to assess the impact of clonality on SGS we studied clonal structure and SGS in the population of Populus alba. Six hundred and seventy-two individuals were mapped and genotyped with 16 nuclear microsatellite markers. To answer the more general question regarding the relationship between SGS and clonality we used Sp statistics, which allows for comparisons of the extent of SGS among different studies, and the comparison of published data on SGS in clonal and non-clonal tree species. Sp statistic was extracted for 14 clonal and 27 non-clonal species belonging to 7 and 18 botanical families, respectively. Results of genetic investigations conducted in the population of P. alba showed over-domination of clonal reproduction, which resulted in very low clonal diversity (R = 0.12). Significant SGS was found at both ramet (Sp = 0.095) and genet level (Sp = 0.05) and clonal reproduction was indicated as an important but not sole driving factor of SGS. Within-population structure, probably due to family structure also contributed to high SGS. High mean dominance index (D = 0.82) indicated low intermingling among genets. Literature survey revealed that clonal tree species significantly differ from non-clonal species with respect to SGS, having 2.8-fold higher SGS. This led us to conclude that clonality is a life-history trait that can have deep impact on processes acting in populations of clonal tree species leading to significant SGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Dering
- Laboratory of Systematics and Geography, Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035, Kórnik, Poland,
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Binks RM, Millar MA, Byrne M. Contrasting patterns of clonality and fine-scale genetic structure in two rare sedges with differing geographic distributions. Heredity (Edinb) 2015; 115:235-42. [PMID: 25873148 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2015.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
For plants with mixed reproductive capabilities, asexual reproduction is more frequent in rare species and is considered a strategy for persistence when sexual recruitment is limited. We investigate whether asexual reproduction contributes to the persistence of two co-occurring, rare sedges that both experience irregular seed set and if their differing geographic distributions have a role in the relative contribution of clonality. Genotypic richness was high (R=0.889±0.02) across the clustered populations of Lepidosperma sp. Mt Caudan and, where detected, clonal patches were small, both in ramet numbers (⩽3 ramets/genet) and physical size (1.3±0.1 m). In contrast, genotypic richness was lower in the isolated L. sp. Parker Range populations, albeit more variable (R=0.437±0.13), with genets as large as 17 ramets and up to 5.8 m in size. Aggregated clonal growth generated significant fine-scale genetic structure in both species but to a greater spatial extent and with additional genet-level structure in L. sp. Parker Range that is likely due to restricted seed dispersal. Despite both species being rare, asexual reproduction clearly has a more important role in the persistence of L. sp. Parker Range than L. sp. Mt Caudan. This is consistent with our prediction that limitations to sexual reproduction, via geographic isolation to effective gene exchange, can lead to greater contributions of asexual reproduction. These results demonstrate the role of population isolation in affecting the balance of alternate reproductive modes and the contextual nature of asexual reproduction in rare species.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Binks
- Science and Conservation Division, Department of Parks and Wildlife, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - M A Millar
- Science and Conservation Division, Department of Parks and Wildlife, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - M Byrne
- Science and Conservation Division, Department of Parks and Wildlife, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
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Peng Y, Macek P, Macková J, Romoleroux K, Hensen I. Clonal Diversity and Fine-scale Genetic Structure in a High Andean Treeline Population. Biotropica 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Peng
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden; Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg; Am Kirchtor 1 D-06108 Halle/Saale Germany
| | - Petr Macek
- Faculty of Science; University of South Bohemia; Branisovska 31 Ceske Budejovice CZ-37005 Czech Republic
- LINCGlobal; Estacion Experimental de Zonas Aridas; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas; Ctra. Sacramento s/n La Canada de San Urbano E-04120 Almeria Spain
| | - Jana Macková
- Biology Centre AS CR; Institute of Soil Biology; Na Sadkach 7 Ceske Budejovice CZ-37005 Czech Republic
| | - Katya Romoleroux
- Herbario QCA; Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas; Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador; Av. 12 de Octubre y Roca Apdo. 2184 Quito Ecuador
| | - Isabell Hensen
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden; Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg; Am Kirchtor 1 D-06108 Halle/Saale Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig; Deutscher Platz 5e D-04103 Leipzig Germany
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13
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Hmeljevski KV, dos Reis MS, Forzza RC. Patterns of gene flow in Encholirium horridum L.B.Sm., a monocarpic species of Bromeliaceae from Brazil. J Hered 2014; 106:93-101. [PMID: 25472982 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esu067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Encholirium horridum is a bromeliad that occurs exclusively on inselbergs in the Atlantic Forest biome of Brazil. These rock outcrops form natural islands that isolate populations from each other. We investigated gene flow by pollen through paternity analyses of a bromeliad population in an area of approximately 2 ha in Espírito Santo State, Brazil. To that end, seed rosettes and seedlings were genotyped using nuclear microsatellite loci. A plot was also established from the same population and specimens were genotyped to evaluate their fine-scale spatial genetic structure (SGS) through analyses of spatial autocorrelation and clonal growth. Paternity analysis indicated that 80% of the attributed progenitors of the genotyped seedlings were from inside the study area. The pollen dispersal distances within the area were restricted (mean distance of 45.5 m, varying from 3 to 156 m) and fine-scale SGS was weak (F(ij) = 0.0122, P < 0.001; Sp = 0.009). Clonal growth was found to be a rare event, supporting the monocarpy of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Vanessa Hmeljevski
- From the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, RJ, Brazil (Hmeljevski); Federal University of Santa Catarina, PO Box 476, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil (Reis); and the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, Rio de Janeiro 22460-030, RJ, Brazil (Forzza).
| | - Maurício Sedrez dos Reis
- From the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, RJ, Brazil (Hmeljevski); Federal University of Santa Catarina, PO Box 476, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil (Reis); and the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, Rio de Janeiro 22460-030, RJ, Brazil (Forzza)
| | - Rafaela Campostrini Forzza
- From the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, RJ, Brazil (Hmeljevski); Federal University of Santa Catarina, PO Box 476, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil (Reis); and the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, Rio de Janeiro 22460-030, RJ, Brazil (Forzza)
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Chung MY, Lopez-Pujol J, Chung JM, Kim KJ, Chung MG. Contrasting Levels of Clonal and Within-Population Genetic Diversity between the 2 Ecologically Different Herbs Polygonatum stenophyllum and Polygonatum inflatum (Liliaceae). J Hered 2014; 105:690-701. [DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esu048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Somme L, Mayer C, Raspé O, Jacquemart AL. Influence of spatial distribution and size of clones on the realized outcrossing rate of the marsh cinquefoil (Comarum palustre). ANNALS OF BOTANY 2014; 113:477-87. [PMID: 24284813 PMCID: PMC3906973 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mct280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Clonal growth is a common feature in flowering plants. As clone size increases, the selfing rate in self-compatible species is likely to increase due to more frequent geitono-pollination events (i.e. pollination among flowers within the same genet). This study investigated the breeding system of the marsh cinquefoil (Comarum palustre) and assessed spatial distribution of clones, clone size and architecture, and their effects on realized outcrossing rates. In addition, pollen dispersal was investigated in two patchy populations. METHODS The species' breeding system was investigated under controlled conditions through hand pollinations (self- vs. cross-pollination). Using microsatellite markers, an assessment was made of the realized outcrossing rates and the genetic diversity in four natural populations, the clonal structure in two populations within five 15 × 15 m sampling plots following 0.5 × 0.5 m grids, and the pollen dispersal through paternity assignment tests in those two populations. KEY RESULTS Comarum palustre is a self-compatible species but only presents a low rate of spontaneous self-pollination. The occurrence of inbreeding depression was not detected at the seed set stage (δ(SS) = 0.04). Clones were spatially clumped (A(C) = 0.60-0.80), with intermediate to no intermingling of the ramets (D(C) = 0.40-1.00). Genet size ranged from one to 171 ramets. Patchy populations had low outcrossing rates (t(m) = 0.33-0.46). Large clones showed lower outcrossing rates than small clones. Pollen dispersal mainly occurred within patches as only 1-7 % of the pollination events occurred between patches of >25 m separation. Seedling recruitment events were detected. CONCLUSIONS Genet size together with distances between patches, through increasing geitono-pollination events, appeared to be important factors influencing realized outcrossing rates. The study also revealed seed flow allowing seedling recruitment, which may contribute to increasing the number of new patches, and potentially further enhance gene flow within populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Somme
- Earth and Life Institute-Research group Genetics, Reproduction, Populations, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2, Box L705 14, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- For correspondence. E-mail
| | - C. Mayer
- Earth and Life Institute-Research group Genetics, Reproduction, Populations, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2, Box L705 14, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - O. Raspé
- National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Domein van Bouchout, B-1860 Meise, Belgium
| | - A.-L. Jacquemart
- Earth and Life Institute-Research group Genetics, Reproduction, Populations, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2, Box L705 14, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Chong C, Edwards W, Pearson R, Waycott M. Sprouting and genetic structure vary with flood disturbance in the tropical riverine paperbark tree, Melaleuca leucadendra (Myrtaceae). AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2013; 100:2250-2260. [PMID: 24186959 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1200614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Sprouting in woody plants promotes persistence in the face of disturbance, ultimately influencing population structure. Different disturbance regimes drive variable population responses, but there have been few direct tests of the relative differences in population structure to specific drivers. We measured population structure as genotypic diversity (clonality) as a function of hydrological regime for a riverine tree, Melaleuca leucadendra, a major structural component in flood landscapes in the Australian dry tropics. METHODS We estimated clonality, genotypic richness, and population allelic diversity. The relationship among disturbance, genetic estimates of clonality, and population distinctiveness was compared with flood regime, characterized by return frequencies and hydrological stress at individual river reaches. KEY RESULTS Two contrasting patterns of genotypic structure were detected and corresponded to order-of-magnitude differences in flood regime between sites. At mainstem locations characterized by greatest flood intensity, sprouting generated clonal structure to 17 m (30% ramets clonal). By contrast, clonality was atypical at lower-disturbance tributaries (0% clonal). Population allelic distributions showed extensive genetic exchange among mainstem locations, but strong genetic differentiation between mainstem and tributaries. CONCLUSIONS Population structure and distinctiveness in riverine Melaleuca are determined by differences in sprouting and recruitment responses that depend on localized hydrological regime. Sprouting contributes to population persistence via localized clonal growth. Resprouting following disturbance in M. leucadendra may help explain its numerical dominance in tropical river systems. This study, although preliminary, suggests that flood ecosystems may represent excellent experimental systems to develop a better understanding of whole-organism responses to environmental drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Chong
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
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Fine scale spatial genetic structure of the endangered Heptacodium miconioides endemic to China. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2012.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Hodoki Y, Ohbayashi K, Kunii H. Analysis of population clonal diversity using microsatellite markers in the salt marsh sedge Carex scabrifolia in western Japan. LANDSCAPE AND ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11355-012-0210-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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