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Ueno H, Shimada A, Suemitsu S, Murakami S, Kitamura N, Wani K, Takahashi Y, Matsumoto Y, Okamoto M, Ishihara T. Alpha-pinene and dizocilpine (MK-801) attenuate kindling development and astrocytosis in an experimental mouse model of epilepsy. IBRO Rep 2020; 9:102-114. [PMID: 32760846 PMCID: PMC7390835 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved during the onset of epilepsy is crucial for elucidating the overall mechanism of epileptogenesis and therapeutic strategies. Previous studies, using a pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced kindling mouse model, showed that astrocyte activation and an increase in perineuronal nets (PNNs) and extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules occurred within the hippocampus. However, the mechanisms of initiation and suppression of these changes, remain unclear. Herein, we analyzed the attenuation of astrocyte activation caused by dizocilpine (MK-801) administration, as well as the anticonvulsant effect of α-pinene on seizures and production of ECM molecules. Our results showed that MK-801 significantly reduced kindling acquisition, while α-pinene treatment prevented an increase in seizures incidences. Both MK-801 and α-pinene administration attenuated astrocyte activation by PTZ and significantly attenuated the increase in ECM molecules. Our results indicate that astrocyte activation and an increase in ECM may contribute to epileptogenesis and suggest that MK-801 and α-pinene may prevent epileptic seizures by suppressing astrocyte activation and ECM molecule production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ueno
- Department of Medical Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Okayama, 701-0193, Japan
| | - Atsumi Shimada
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Nakamura Gakuen University Junior College, Fukuoka, 814-0198, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Suemitsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Shinji Murakami
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Naoya Kitamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Kenta Wani
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Yu Takahashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Yosuke Matsumoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Motoi Okamoto
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ishihara
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
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Ueno H, Suemitsu S, Murakami S, Kitamura N, Wani K, Matsumoto Y, Okamoto M, Ishihara T. Layer-specific expression of extracellular matrix molecules in the mouse somatosensory and piriform cortices. IBRO Rep 2018; 6:1-17. [PMID: 30582064 PMCID: PMC6293036 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the developing central nervous system (CNS), extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules have regulating roles such as in brain development, neural-circuit maturation, and synaptic-function control. However, excluding the perineuronal net (PNN) area, the distribution, constituent elements, and expression level of granular ECM molecules (diffuse ECM) present in the mature CNS remain unclear. Diffuse ECM molecules in the CNS share the components of PNNs and are likely functional. As cortical functions are greatly region-dependent, we hypothesized that ECM molecules would differ in distribution, expression level, and components in a region- and layer-dependent manner. We examined the layer-specific expression of several chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (aggrecan, neurocan, and brevican), tenascin-R, Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA)-positive molecules, hyaluronic acid, and link protein in the somatosensory and piriform cortices of mature mice. Furthermore, we investigated expression changes in WFA-positive molecules due to aging. In the somatosensory cortex, PNN density was particularly high at layer 4 (L4), but not all diffuse ECM molecules were highly expressed at L4 compared to the other layers. There was almost no change in tenascin-R and hyaluronic acid in any somatosensory-cortex layer. Neurocan showed high expression in L1 of the somatosensory cortex. In the piriform cortex, many ECM molecules showed higher expression in L1 than in the other layers. However, hyaluronic acid showed high expression in deep layers. Here, we clarified that ECM molecules differ in constituent elements and expression in a region- and layer-dependent manner. Region-specific expression of ECM molecules is possibly related to functions such as region-specific plasticity and vulnerability.
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Key Words
- CNS, central nervous system
- CSPG, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans
- ChABC, chondroitinase ABC
- ECM, extracellular cellular matrix
- Extracellular matrix
- HA, hyaluronic acid
- HABP, hyaluronic acid binding protein
- Hapln1, hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1
- PNN, perineuronal ntes
- Perineuronal nets
- Piriform cortex
- Proteoglycans
- Somatosensory cortex
- WFA, Wisteria floribunda agglutinin
- Wisteria floribunda
- a.u., arbitrary units
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ueno
- Department of Medical Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, 288, Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0193, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Suemitsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Shinji Murakami
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Naoya Kitamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Kenta Wani
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Yosuke Matsumoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Motoi Okamoto
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ishihara
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
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Ueno H, Suemitsu S, Murakami S, Kitamura N, Wani K, Matsumoto Y, Aoki S, Okamoto M, Ishihara T. Hyaluronic acid is present on specific perineuronal nets in the mouse cerebral cortex. Brain Res 2018; 1698:139-50. [PMID: 30099038 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the central nervous system (CNS), extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules comprise more than 20% of the volume and are involved in neuronal plasticity, synaptic transmission, and differentiation. Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are ECM molecules that highly accumulate around the soma of neurons. The components of the ECM in the CNS include proteins, proteoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans. Although hyaluronic acid (HA) is considered a constituent element of PNNs, the distribution of HA in the cortex has not been clarified. To elucidate the cortical region-specific distribution of HA, we quantitatively analyzed HA binding protein (HABP)-positive PNNs in the mature mouse cerebral cortex. Our findings revealed that HABP-positive PNNs are present throughout the mouse cortex. The distribution of many HABP-positive PNNs differed from that of Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive PNNs. Furthermore, we observed granular-like HABP-positive PNNs in layer 1 of the cortex. These findings indicate that PNNs in the mouse cortex show region-dependent differences in composition. HABP-positive PNNs in layer 1 of the cortex may have different functions such as neuronal differentiation, proliferation, and migration unlike what has been reported for PNNs so far.
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Mori H, Ueno S, Matsumoto A, Kamijo T, Tsumura Y, Masaki T. Large contribution of clonal reproduction to the distribution of deciduous liana species ( Wisteria floribunda) in an old-growth cool temperate forest: evidence from genetic analysis. Ann Bot 2018; 121:359-365. [PMID: 29293888 PMCID: PMC5808794 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcx153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aims Extensive clonal (vegetative) reproduction in lianas is a common and important life history strategy for regeneration and colonization success. However, few studies have evaluated the contribution of clonal reproduction to stand-level distribution of lianas in their natural habitat using genetic tools. The objectives of the present study were to investigate (1) the contribution of clonal reproduction to the distribution of Wisteria floribunda, (2) the size of clonal patches and (3) how the distribution patterns of W. floribunda clones are affected by micro-topography. Methods The contribution of clonal reproduction to the distribution of the deciduous liana species W. floribunda was evaluated using genetic analysis across a 6-ha plot of an old-growth temperate forest in Japan and preference in landform between clonal ramets and non-clonal ramets was assessed. Key Results Of the 391 ramets sampled, clonal reproduction contributed to 71 and 62 % of the total abundance and basal area, respectively, or 57 and 31 % when the largest ramet within a genet was excluded. The large contribution of clonal reproduction to the density and basal area of W. floribunda was consistent with previous observational studies. The largest genet included a patch size of 0.47 ha and ranged over 180 m. Preferred landforms of clonal and non-clonal ramets were significantly different when evaluated by both abundance and basal area. Non-clonal ramets distributed more on lower part of the slope than other landforms in comparison with clonal ramets and trees, possibly reflecting the limitation of clonal growth by stolons. Conclusions Using genetic analysis, the present study found evidence of a large contribution of clonal reproduction on the distribution of W. floribunda in its natural habitat. The results indicate that clonal reproduction plays an important role not only in the formation of populations but also in determining the distribution patterns of liana species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Mori
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Saneyoshi Ueno
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Asako Matsumoto
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takashi Kamijo
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Tsumura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takashi Masaki
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Kojs P, Rusin A, Iqbal M, Włoch W, Jura J. Readjustments of cambial initials in Wisteria floribunda (Willd.) DC. for development of storeyed structure. New Phytol 2004; 163:287-297. [PMID: 33873629 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01120.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
• This study has elucidated the mechanism of development of the storeyed cambial structure of Wisteria floribunda, a species characterised by very quick and early establishment of storeyed structure from a nonstoreyed procambium in close vicinity of the pith. • Rearrangement of the cambial cells was studied in serial tangential longitudinal sections of axial wood parenchyma. • The mechanism of cell rearrangement was found to involve not only the occurrence of anticlinal cell divisions, but also a concomitant intrusive growth of the ends of cambial cells of one cell packet along the tangential walls of cells of the neighbouring packet. During the process, the fusiform initials changed their position along the stem axis and became arranged in regular storeys. New positions of cells were thus achieved through first the vertical intrusion of cell ends between the tangential walls of neighbouring cells, and second the unequal periclinal cell divisions. • The concept that radial longitudinal divisions of the fusiform initials are the main cause of the formation of storeyed structure of the cambium has been critically examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Kojs
- Botanical Garden - Centre for Biological Diversity Conservation of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Prawdziwka 2, 02-973 Warszawa 76, Poland
- Faculty of Ethnology and Education, Silesian University Branch at Cieszyn, ul. Bielska 62, 43-400 Cieszyn, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Rusin
- Botanical Garden - Centre for Biological Diversity Conservation of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Prawdziwka 2, 02-973 Warszawa 76, Poland
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Wiesław Włoch
- Botanical Garden - Centre for Biological Diversity Conservation of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Prawdziwka 2, 02-973 Warszawa 76, Poland
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Silesian University, ul. Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Jura
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Silesian University, ul. Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
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