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Possible association of ghrelin/obestatin balance with cardiometabolic risk in obese subjects with Helicobacter pylori. Endocr Regul 2018; 52:101-109. [PMID: 29715187 DOI: 10.2478/enr-2018-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common gastric infection associated with extragastric conditions. The association between H. pylori infection and obesity is unclear. H. pylori may affect gut hormones involved in food intake and energy expenditure. The aim of this study is to evaluate ghrelin/obestatin balance and leptin in obese subjects with H. pylori infection. METHODS Sixty healthy volunteers were divided into: obese and non-obese groups. Each group was divided into H. Pylori positive or H. pylori negative. Anthropometric parameters, H. pylori status, serum glucose, insulin level, and lipid profile were estimated with calculation of Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Serum levels of ghrelin, obestatin, and leptin were evaluated. RESULTS Significant increase was found in serum glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR ratio in obese subjects with positive H. pylori as compared to other groups. H. pylori positive obese subjects showed significantly increased ghrelin, ghrelin/obestatin balance, and leptin with a significant decrease in obestatin as compared to negative subjects. Ghrelin/obestatin ratio positively correlated with weight, body mass index, waist, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, leptin, cholesterol, triglycerides, low density cholesterol and also with H. pylori antigen in the same group. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that ghrelin, obestatin, and leptin are affected by presence of H. pylori seropositivity in obese subjects. The higher ghrelin levels and ghrelin/obestatin ratio with lowered obestatin could be considered as a gastro-protective effect against inflammation induced by H. pylori.
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Simanek AM, Parry A, Dowd JB. Differences in the association between persistent pathogens and mood disorders among young- to middle-aged women and men in the U.S. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 68:56-65. [PMID: 28965957 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing literature supports the role of immune system alterations in the etiology of mood regulation, yet there is little population-based evidence regarding the association between persistent pathogens, inflammation and mood disorders among younger women and men in the U.S. METHODS We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III on individuals 15-39 years of age assessed for major depression, dysthymia, and/or bipolar disorder I and tested for cytomegalovirus (N=6825), herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 (N=5618) and/or Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) (N=3167) seropositivity as well as C-reactive protein (CRP) level (N=6788). CMV immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody level was also available for a subset of women (N=3358). We utilized logistic regression to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between pathogens, CRP levels and each mood disorder overall and among women and men, separately. RESULTS H. pylori seropositivity was associated with increased odds of dysthymia (OR 2.37, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07, 5.24) among women, but decreased odds among men (OR 0.51, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.92). CMV seropositivity was also associated with lower odds of depression (OR 0.54, 95% CI: 0.32, 0.91) among men, while elevated CMV IgG level was marginally associated with increased odds of mood disorders among women. Associations were not mediated by CRP level. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that persistent pathogens such as CMV and H. pylori may differentially influence mood disorders among women and men, warranting further investigation into biological and/or sociocultural explanations for the contrasting associations observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Simanek
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States.
| | - Amy Parry
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Jennifer B Dowd
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, United States
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Mantero P, Matus GS, Corti RE, Cabanne AM, Zerbetto de Palma GG, Marchesi Olid L, Piskorz MM, Zubillaga MB, Janjetic MA, Goldman CG. Helicobacter pylori and corpus gastric pathology are associated with lower serum ghrelin. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:397-407. [PMID: 29391762 PMCID: PMC5776401 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i3.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the association of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), cagA genotype, and type of gastric pathology with ghrelin, leptin and nutritional status.
METHODS Fasted dyspeptic adults (18-70 years) referred for an upper digestive endoscopy were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Height and weight were assessed for body mass index (BMI) calculation. A sociodemographic survey was administered and nutrient intake was evaluated with 24 h dietary recalls. Serum total ghrelin and leptin levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. 13C-Urea Breath Test was performed and four gastric biopsies were obtained during endoscopy for histopathology and H. pylori DNA amplification and genotyping. Data analysis was performed using χ2, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis tests, Spearman’s correlation and linear regression.
RESULTS One hundred and sixty-three patients (40.8 ± 14.0 years), 98/65 females/males, were included. Overall, persistent H. pylori prevalence was 53.4% (95%CI: 45.7%-65.8%). Neither nutrient intake nor BMI differed significantly between H. pylori positive and negative groups. Serum ghrelin was significantly lower in infected patients [median 311.0 pg/mL (IQR 230.0-385.5)] than in uninfected ones [median 355.0 pg/mL (IQR 253.8-547.8)] (P = 0.025), even after adjusting for BMI and gender (P = 0.03). Ghrelin levels tended to be lower in patients carrying cagA positive strains both in the antrum and the corpus; however, differences with those carrying cagA negative strains did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.50 and P = 0.49, respectively). In addition, the type and severity of gastric pathology in the corpus was associated with lower serum ghrelin (P = 0.04), independently of H. pylori status. Conversely, leptin levels did not differ significantly between infected and uninfected patients [median 1.84 ng/mL (0.80-4.85) vs 1.84 ng/mL (0.50-5.09), (P = 0.51)].
CONCLUSION H. pylori infection and severity of gastric corpus pathology are associated with lower serum ghrelin. Further studies could confirm a lower ghrelin prevalence in cagA-positive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Mantero
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Física, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Sebastián Matus
- Hospital de Gastroenterología “Dr. Carlos Bonorino Udaondo”, Sección Esófago-Estómago, Buenos Aires C1264AAA, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo Ernesto Corti
- Hospital de Gastroenterología “Dr. Carlos Bonorino Udaondo”, Sección Esófago-Estómago, Buenos Aires C1264AAA, Argentina
| | - Ana María Cabanne
- Hospital de Gastroenterología "Dr. Carlos Bonorino Udaondo”, Unidad Patología, Buenos Aires C1264AAA, Argentina
| | - Gerardo Gabriel Zerbetto de Palma
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Física, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Microbiología y Parasitología Médica (IMPAM), Buenos Aires C1121ABG, Argentina
| | - Liliana Marchesi Olid
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Escuela de Nutrición, Buenos Aires C1121ABG, Argentina
| | - María Marta Piskorz
- Hospital de Clínicas “José de San Martín”, División Gastroenterología, Buenos Aires C1120AAR, Argentina
| | - Marcela Beatriz Zubillaga
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Física, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina
| | - Mariana Andrea Janjetic
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Física, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Escuela de Nutrición, Buenos Aires C1121ABG, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina
| | - Cinthia Gabriela Goldman
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Física, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina
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Romo-González C, Mendoza E, Mera RM, Coria-Jiménez R, Chico-Aldama P, Gomez-Diaz R, Duque X. Helicobacter pylori infection and serum leptin, obestatin, and ghrelin levels in Mexican schoolchildren. Pediatr Res 2017; 82:607-613. [PMID: 28422951 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundThere is little information about the possible role of Helicobacter pylori infection on appetite-regulating peptides in children. This study evaluated the association between H. pylori infection and serum levels of ghrelin, leptin, and obestatin in schoolchildren.MethodsOne hundred seventy-eight schoolchildren, students at boarding schools in Mexico City, participated. H. pylori infection status was determined every 6 months for 1 year by a breath test using 13C-urea; schoolchildren with consistently positive or negative results were selected to participate. Age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) were recorded. Serum concentrations of total ghrelin, leptin, and obestatin via specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were determined.ResultsSchoolchildren with H. pylori infection had lower concentration of leptin, -0.54 pg/ml (95% CI: -0.98 to -0.09), compared to the schoolchildren without infection, after adjustment by age, gender, and BMI. And the children with the infection had a median of obestatin lower in 0.99 ng/ml (95% CI: -1.93 to -0.06) compared with the uninfected children after adjustment by BMI.ConclusionAssociation was found between H. pylori infection and decreased serum concentrations of leptin and obestatin. These results suggest that in schoolchildren, H. pylori infection affects the levels of hormones implicated in regulating appetite and energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Romo-González
- Experimental Laboratory of Bacteriology, Department of Health, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eugenia Mendoza
- Research Unit in Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Pediatric Hospital, 21st Century National Medical Center, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Robertino M Mera
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Rafael Coria-Jiménez
- Experimental Laboratory of Bacteriology, Department of Health, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Patricia Chico-Aldama
- Experimental Laboratory of Bacteriology, Department of Health, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rita Gomez-Diaz
- Unit of Research in Clinical Epidemiology, Specialty Hospital, 21st Century National Medical Center, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ximena Duque
- Research Unit in Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Pediatric Hospital, 21st Century National Medical Center, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
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Zhu MX, Huang Q, Wang F, Xie J, Xiang Q, Zhang L. Changes in serum melatonin and estrogen levels in women with functional dyspepsia. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:3038-3044. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i19.3038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To detect the levels of serum melatonin and estrogen in women with functional dyspepsia (FD), and to evaluate the possible mechanism of FD.
METHODS: Sixty women diagnosed with FD according to Roman Ⅲ criteria were included into an experimental group, which was further divided into two subgroups: patients with epigastric pain syndrome (EPS) (n = 35) and those with postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) (n = 25). Thirty healthy person were chose as normal controls. Serum melatonin and estrogen levels were measured and analyzed in these subjects.
RESULTS: In the FD group and PDS subgroup, the levels of serum melatonin were significantly higher than that in normal controls (P < 0.05). In the PDS subgroup, the concentration of serum melatonin was significantly higher than that in the EPS subgroup (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the concentration of serum melatonin between the EPS subgroup and the normal control group (P > 0.05). PDS patients with severe symptoms displayed a higher melatonin concentration as compared with patients with moderate symptoms (P < 0.05). EPS patients with severe symptoms displayed a lower melatonin concentration as compared with patients with moderate symptoms (P < 0.05). In the FD subgroup (menopausal transition), the concentration of serum estrogen was significantly lower than that in normal controls (P < 0.05). FD patients (menopausal transition) with severe symptoms displayed a lower estrogen concentration as compared with patients with moderate symptoms (P < 0.05). In FD patients (menopausal transition), there was no significant correlation between the levels of serum melatonin and estrogen (r = -0.03, P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The alteration of serum melatonin may play a role in the pathogenesis of FD, especially PDS, but has no obvious relation with EPS. Serum melatonin level maybe have certain significance for the diagnosis of various clinical forms of FD. The alteration of serum estrogen may play a role in the development of FD. Supplementing exogenous estrogen may improve symptoms of FD patients with perimenopausal symptoms.
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Kazemi M, Eshraghian A, Hamidpour L, Taghavi S. Changes in serum ghrelin level in relation to meal-time in patients with functional dyspepsia. United European Gastroenterol J 2015; 3:11-6. [PMID: 25653854 DOI: 10.1177/2050640614563373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ghrelin is a peptide hormone that is involved in gastrointestinal motility and secretion; and therefore, may play a role in functional dyspepsia. OBJECTIVES To compare the change of serum ghrelin level in relation to meal-time, between patients with functional dyspepsia and a control group. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a cross-sectional study, 18 subjects with functional dyspepsia according to the Rome III criteria were enrolled in our study. Blood samples were collected five times: 30 minutes (min) before a standard breakfast; at the time as serving breakfast; and 30, 60 and 90 min after breakfast. Serum ghrelin concentration was measured in these patients and compared with eight normal individuals, as controls. RESULTS The serum ghrelin level 30 minutes after breakfast was significantly higher in dyspepsia patients, compared to controls (751 ± 171.84 pg/ml versus 576.9 ± 195.62 pg/ml, p = 0.033). Although patients had a higher mean serum ghrelin level 30 minutes before, exactly at the time of serving breakfast and 60 min after breakfast there was no statistically significant difference between patients and controls. The shape of the curve was also different between the two groups, from 30 min until 90 min after breakfast, which is the time that most dyspeptic symptoms usually occur, although this difference was not significant (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION The significantly different ghrelin levels between dyspeptic patients and the normal population showed that ghrelin may have an important role in inducing symptoms, in functional dyspeptic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mh Kazemi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterohepatology Research Center (GEHRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - A Eshraghian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterohepatology Research Center (GEHRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - L Hamidpour
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterohepatology Research Center (GEHRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sa Taghavi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterohepatology Research Center (GEHRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Paoluzi OA, Blanco DVG, Caruso R, Monteleone I, Monteleone G, Pallone F. Impairment of ghrelin synthesis in Helicobacter pylori-colonized stomach: New clues for the pathogenesis of H. pylori-related gastric inflammation. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:639-646. [PMID: 24574737 PMCID: PMC3921473 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i3.639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ghrelin, the ligand of growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a, takes part in several functions of the digestive system, including regulation of appetite, energy homeostasis, gastric acid secretion and motility. Ghrelin has also immunoregulatory properties and is supposed to inhibit some inflammatory pathways that can mediate gastric damage. Interestingly, ghrelin synthesis is reduced in the gastric mucosa of patients with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, a worldwide condition inducing a T helper (Th)1/Th17 cell response-driven gastritis, which may evolve towards gastric atrophy and cancer. In this article, we review the available data on the expression of ghrelin in H. pylori infection and discuss how the defective ghrelin synthesis may contribute to sustain the ongoing inflammatory response in this disease.
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Zhang Y, Qi FX, Zhang ZG, Jiang Y. Influence of Helicobacter pylori eradication on ghrelin levels in patients with chronic gastritis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2012; 20:2951-2955. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v20.i30.2951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication on the levels of ghrelin in serum and gastric mucosa in patients with chronic gastritis.
METHODS: Forty-two patients with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), 40 patients with chronic superficial gastritis (CSG), and 40 normal controls were included in the study. Serum ghrelin levels were measured by ELISA and expression of ghrelin in gastric muscosa was detected by RT-PCR in these patients before and after H. pylori eradication.
RESULTS: Serum ghrelin levels in H. pylori-infected patients with CSG or CAG were significantly lower than those in normal controls (25.58 μg/L ± 8.17 μg/L, 18.59 μg/L ± 8.19 μg/L vs 29.27 μg/L ± 7.58 μg/L; both P < 0.01). The expression of gastric mucosa-associated ghrelin in the two patient groups was also lower than that in the control group (0.86 ± 0.26, 0.75 ± 0.22 vs 1.06 ± 0.31, both P < 0.01). Four weeks after H. pylori eradication treatment, serum ghrelin level (29.10 μg/L ± 8.79 μg/L) and expression of gastric mucosa-associated ghrelin (1.10 ± 0.32) were significantly increased in the CSG group (both P < 0.01). However, there was no obvious difference in ghrelin levels in the CAG group between before and after H. pylori eradication treatment.
CONCLUSION: H. pylori-infected patients with chronic gastritis have decreased ghrelin levels. H. pylori eradication treatment increases ghrelin levels in patients with CSG, but not in those with CAG.
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Jeffery P, McDonald V, Tippett E, McGuckin M. Ghrelin in gastrointestinal disease. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2011; 340:35-43. [PMID: 21458525 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Enteroendocrine cells of the gastric fundus are the predominant source of ghrelin production, although ghrelin gene transcripts and ghrelin-producing cells have been identified throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Various infectious, inflammatory and malignant disorders of the gastrointestinal system have been shown to alter ghrelin production and secretion and consequently to affect endocrine ghrelin levels and activity. Animal studies have demonstrated that ghrelin and synthetic ghrelin mimetics can reduce the severity of gastric and colonic inflammation and human clinical trials are underway to determine the efficacy of ghrelin in improving motility disorders. This review summarises the impact of gastrointestinal disease on ghrelin synthesis and secretion and the potential use of ghrelin and its mimetics for the treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penny Jeffery
- Mater Medical Research Institute, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia.
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2011; 18:83-98. [PMID: 21178692 DOI: 10.1097/med.0b013e3283432fa7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Nweneka CV, Prentice AM. Helicobacter pylori infection and circulating ghrelin levels - a systematic review. BMC Gastroenterol 2011. [PMID: 21269467 DOI: 0.1186/1471-230x-11-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nature of the association between ghrelin, an orexigenic hormone produced mainly in the stomach, and Helicobacter pylori (H pylori), a bacterium that colonises the stomach, is still controversial. We examined available evidence to determine whether an association exists between the two; and if one exists, in what direction. METHODS We reviewed original English language studies on humans reporting circulating ghrelin levels in H pylori infected and un-infected participants; and circulating ghrelin levels before and after H pylori eradication. Meta-analyses were conducted for eligible studies by combining study specific estimates using the inverse variance method with weighted average for continuous outcomes in a random effects model. RESULTS Seventeen out of 27 papers that reported ghrelin levels in H pylori positive and negative subjects found lower circulating ghrelin levels in H pylori positive subjects; while 10 found no difference. A meta-analysis of 19 studies with a total of 1801 participants showed a significantly higher circulating ghrelin concentration in H pylori negative participants than in H pylori positive participants (Effect estimate (95%CI) = -0.48 (-0.60, -0.36)). However, eradicating H pylori did not have any significant effect on circulating ghrelin levels (Effect estimate (95% CI) = 0.08 (-0.33, 0.16); Test for overall effect: Z = 0.67 (P = 0.5)). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that circulating ghrelin levels are lower in H pylori infected people compared to those not infected; but the relationship between circulating ghrelin and eradication of H pylori is more complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chidi V Nweneka
- Nutrition Programme, Medical Research Council Laboratories, The Gambia, PO Box 273, Banjul, The Gambia.
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Nweneka CV, Prentice AM. Helicobacter pylori infection and circulating ghrelin levels - a systematic review. BMC Gastroenterol 2011; 11:7. [PMID: 21269467 PMCID: PMC3037919 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230x-11-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2010] [Accepted: 01/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The nature of the association between ghrelin, an orexigenic hormone produced mainly in the stomach, and Helicobacter pylori (H pylori), a bacterium that colonises the stomach, is still controversial. We examined available evidence to determine whether an association exists between the two; and if one exists, in what direction. Methods We reviewed original English language studies on humans reporting circulating ghrelin levels in H pylori infected and un-infected participants; and circulating ghrelin levels before and after H pylori eradication. Meta-analyses were conducted for eligible studies by combining study specific estimates using the inverse variance method with weighted average for continuous outcomes in a random effects model. Results Seventeen out of 27 papers that reported ghrelin levels in H pylori positive and negative subjects found lower circulating ghrelin levels in H pylori positive subjects; while 10 found no difference. A meta-analysis of 19 studies with a total of 1801 participants showed a significantly higher circulating ghrelin concentration in H pylori negative participants than in H pylori positive participants (Effect estimate (95%CI) = -0.48 (-0.60, -0.36)). However, eradicating H pylori did not have any significant effect on circulating ghrelin levels (Effect estimate (95% CI) = 0.08 (-0.33, 0.16); Test for overall effect: Z = 0.67 (P = 0.5)). Conclusions We conclude that circulating ghrelin levels are lower in H pylori infected people compared to those not infected; but the relationship between circulating ghrelin and eradication of H pylori is more complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chidi V Nweneka
- Nutrition Programme, Medical Research Council Laboratories, The Gambia, PO Box 273, Banjul, The Gambia.
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Liu L, Li J, Ouyang Y, Yao J. Sexual reproduction development in apomictic Eulaliopsis binata (Poaceae). GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2011; 10:2326-39. [DOI: 10.4238/2011.october.5.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Figura N, Franceschi F, Santucci A, Bernardini G, Gasbarrini G, Gasbarrini A. Extragastric manifestations of Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter 2010; 15 Suppl 1:60-8. [PMID: 21054655 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2010.00778.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The possible role of Helicobacter pylori as a trigger for some extragastric diseases has been largely investigated in the last year. There are, in fact, several studies concerning cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, diabetes mellitus, ear and eyes diseases, immunological and hematological disorders, liver and bile tract diseases, gynecological and respiratory tract pathologies. Among them, idiopathic sideropenic anemia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura still remain the extragastric diseases showing the most convincing results. Concerning ischemic heart disease, there are new interesting data playing in favor of the association, even though there are still some open issues to be clarified. For the other diseases, more studies are needed to clarify the reality of the proposed association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natale Figura
- Internal Medicine Department, University of Siena, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
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