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Aamani N, Bagheri A, Masoumi Qajari N, Malekzadeh Shafaroudi M, Khonakdar-Tarsi A. JNK and p38 gene and protein expression during liver ischemia-reperfusion in a rat model treated with silibinin. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 25:1373-1381. [PMID: 36474574 PMCID: PMC9699951 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.60550.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Signal transduction of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) is activated during ischemia. In this study, c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) and p38 MAPK (p38) gene and protein expression were evaluated as two members of the MAPK family during liver ischemia-reperfusion in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of eight: Vehicle, ischemia-reperfusion (IR), ischemia-reperfusion+silibinin (IR+SILI), and SILI. The IR and IR+SILI groups differed from the other two groups in that they underwent one hour of ischemia followed by three hr of reperfusion. The Vehicle and IR groups received normal saline while the SILI and IR+SILI groups were treated with silibinin (50 mg/kg). At the end of the reperfusion time, blood and ischemic liver tissue were collected for further experiments. RESULTS The expression of JNK and p38 gene, the amount of serum hepatic injury indices, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the IR group increased significantly compared with the vehicle group. The JNK and p38 gene expression decreased significantly in the IR + SILI group compared with the IR group. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels decreased in the IR group while increasing in the IR+SILI group. Histological examination showed that silibinin significantly reduced the severity of hepatocyte degradation. Western blot results were completely consistent with real-time PCR results. CONCLUSION The possible pathways of the protective effect of silibinin against hepatic ischemia damages is to reduce the expression of the p38 and JNK gene and protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Aamani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Abouzar Bagheri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Majid Malekzadeh Shafaroudi
- Department of Anatomy and Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, Faculty of Medicine, Immunogenetic Research Center (IRC), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Abbas Khonakdar-Tarsi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, Faculty of Medicine, Immunogenetic Research Center (IRC), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran,Corresponding author: Abbas Khonakdar-Tarsi. Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Faculty of Medicine, Immunogenetic Research Center (IRC), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Tel/Fax: +98-1142241795;
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Wang Y, Zhu W, Lu D, Zhang C, Wang Y. Tetrahydropalmatine attenuates MSU crystal-induced gouty arthritis by inhibiting ROS-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 100:108107. [PMID: 34482265 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Activation of NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays a crucial role in the inflammatory responses of monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced gouty arthritis. Therefore, the molecular basis of NLRP3 inflammasome is very valuable in developing potential therapeutic drugs for gout. Tetrahydropalmatine (THP), the main active component of the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Corydalis yanhusuo, has shown prominent anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, but to date, these effects have not been investigated exhaustively on gout. This study indicated that THP attenuated pain and swelling in an MSU-induced acute gout model by decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokine production and inflammatory cell infiltration. THP exerted its actions by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and subsequent formation of caspase-1. Furthermore, results showed that THP alleviated MSU-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, upstream of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, by an increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, our study suggests that THP suppressed ROS-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in MSU-induced inflammatory responses, which highlights its therapeutic potential in gouty arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wang
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Wen Zhu
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Dandan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Chuzhao Zhang
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China.
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Slim C, Zaouali MA, Nassrallah H, Ammar HH, Majdoub H, Bouraoui A, Abdennebi HB. Protective potential effects of fucoidan in hepatic cold ischemia-rerfusion injury in rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 155:498-507. [PMID: 32243932 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The necessity to increase the efficiency of organ preservation has pushed physicians to consider the use of pharmacological additives in preservation solutions to minimize ischemia reperfusion injury. Here, we evaluated the effect of fucoidan, sulfated polysaccharide from brown seaweed, as an additive to IGL-1 (Institut Georges Lopez) preservation solution. Livers from Wistar rats were preserved for 24 h at 4 °C in IGL-1 solution, enriched or not with fucoidan (100 mg/L). Thereafter, they were subjected to reperfusion (2 h, at 37 °C) using an isolated perfused rat liver model. The addition of fucoidan to IGL-1 solution reduced hepatic injury (AST, ALT) and improved liver function compared to IGL-1 solution without fucoidan. In addition, we noted a significant increase in the phosphorylation of AMPK, AKT protein kinase and GSK3-β, leading to a reduction in VDAC phosphorylation, as well as a reduction in apoptosis (caspase 3), mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers. Furthermore, ERK1/2 and P38 MAPKs phosphorylation significantly decreased after supplementation of IGL-1 solution with fucoidan. In conclusion, the supplementation of IGL-1 solution with fucoidan maintained liver graft integrity and function through the prevention of the ER stress, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Fucoidan could be considered as potential natural therapeutic agent to alleviate graft injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chérifa Slim
- Laboratoire du Génome Humain et Maladies multifactorielles (LR12ES07), Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Amine Zaouali
- Laboratoire du Génome Humain et Maladies multifactorielles (LR12ES07), Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Tunisia; Département des Sciences du Vivant et Biotechnologie, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hana Nassrallah
- Laboratoire du Génome Humain et Maladies multifactorielles (LR12ES07), Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hiba Hadj Ammar
- Laboratoire des Interfaces et des Matériaux Avancés (LIMA), Faculté des Sciences de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hatem Majdoub
- Laboratoire des Interfaces et des Matériaux Avancés (LIMA), Faculté des Sciences de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Abderrahman Bouraoui
- Laboratoire du Développement Chimique, Galénique et Pharmacologique des Médicaments (LR12ES09), Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hassen Ben Abdennebi
- Laboratoire du Génome Humain et Maladies multifactorielles (LR12ES07), Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Tunisia.
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Yin C, Liu B, Wang P, Li X, Li Y, Zheng X, Tai Y, Wang C, Liu B. Eucalyptol alleviates inflammation and pain responses in a mouse model of gout arthritis. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:2042-2057. [PMID: 31883118 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Gout arthritis, which is provoked by monosodium urate (MSU) crystal accumulation in the joint and periarticular tissues, induces severe pain and affects quality of life of the patients. Eucalyptol (1,8-cineol), the principal component in the essential oils of eucalyptus leaves, is known to possess anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. We aimed to examine the therapeutic effects of eucalyptol on gout arthritis and related mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH A mouse model of gout arthritis was established via MSU injection into the ankle joint. Ankle oedema, mechanical allodynia, neutrophil infiltration, oxidative stress, NLRP3 inflammasome, and TRPV1 expression were examined. KEY RESULTS Eucalyptol attenuated MSU-induced mechanical allodynia and ankle oedema in dose-dependently, with effectiveness similar to indomethacin. Eucalyptol reduced inflammatory cell infiltrations in ankle tissues. Eucalyptol inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production induced by MSU in ankle tissues in vivo. Eucalyptol reduced oxidative stress induced by MSU in RAW264.7 cells in vitro as well as in ankle tissues in vivo, indicated by an increase in activities of antioxidant enzymes and reduction of ROS. Eucalyptol attenuated MSU-induced up-regulation of TRPV1 expression in ankle tissues and dorsal root ganglion neurons innervating the ankle. The in vivo effects of eucalyptol on ankle oedema, mechanical allodynia, NLRP3 inflammasome, IL-1β, and TRPV1 expression were mimicked by treating MSU-injected mice with antioxidants. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Eucalyptol alleviates MSU-induced pain and inflammation via mechanisms possibly involving anti-oxidative effect. Eucalyptol and other antioxidants may represent promising therapeutic options for gout arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Yin
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Boyu Liu
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Zheng
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Tai
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Boyi Liu
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Costa CCC, Pereira NG, Machado ALM, Dórea MA, Cruz RMMD, Silva RC, Domingues RJDS, Yasojima EY. Splenic ischemic preconditioning attenuates oxidative stress induced by hepatic ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2019; 34:e201900707. [PMID: 31531528 PMCID: PMC6756009 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020190070000007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the effects of splenic ischemic preconditioning (sIPC) on oxidative stress induced by hepatic ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Methods: Fifteen male Wistar rats were equally divided into 3 groups: SHAM, IRI and sIPC. Animals from IRI group were subjected to 45 minutes of partial liver ischemia (70%). In the sIPC group, splenic artery was clamped in 2 cycles of 5 min of ischemia and 5 min of reperfusion (20 min total) prior to hepatic ischemia. SHAM group underwent the same surgical procedures as in the remaining groups, but no liver ischemia or sIPC were induced. After 1h, hepatic and splenic tissue samples were harvested for TBARS, CAT, GPx and GSH-Rd measurement. Results: sIPC treatment significantly decreased both hepatic and splenic levels of TBARS when compared to IRI group (p<0.01). Furthermore, the hepatic and splenic activities of CAT, GPx and GSH- Rd were significantly higher in sIPC group than in IRI group. Conclusion: sIPC was able to attenuate hepatic and splenic IRI-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio César Chaves Costa
- Graduate student, Faculty of Medicine, UEPA, Belem-PA, Brazil. Technical procedures, analysis and interpretation of data, manuscript preparation
| | - Nathalia Gabay Pereira
- Graduate student, Faculty of Medicine, UEPA, Belem-PA, Brazil. Technical procedures, analysis and interpretation of data, manuscript preparation
| | - Anna Luiza Melo Machado
- Graduate student, Faculty of Medicine, UEPA, Belem-PA, Brazil. Technical procedures, analysis and interpretation of data, manuscript preparation
| | - Mariana Albuquerque Dórea
- Graduate student, Faculty of Medicine, UEPA, Belem-PA, Brazil. Technical procedures, analysis and interpretation of data, manuscript preparation
| | - Rafaella Macêdo Monteiro da Cruz
- Graduate student, Faculty of Medicine, UEPA, Belem-PA, Brazil. Technical procedures, analysis and interpretation of data, manuscript preparation
| | - Renata Cunha Silva
- Fellow, Postgraduate Program in Surgery and Experimental Research, UEPA, Belem-PA, Brazil. Technical procedures, analysis and interpretation of data, manuscript preparation
| | - Robson José de Souza Domingues
- PhD, Full Professor, Department of Morphology and Physiological Sciences, UEPA, Belem-PA, Brazil. Scientific and intellectual content of the study, critical revision, final approval
| | - Edson Yuzur Yasojima
- PhD, Full Professor, Postgraduate Program in Surgery and Experimental Research, Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA), Belem-PA, Brazil. Conception, design, scientific and intellectual content of the study; critical revision; final approval
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Rodríguez-Reynoso S, Leal-Cortés C, Portilla-de Buen E, López-De la Torre SP. Ischemic Preconditioning Preserves Liver Energy Charge and Function on Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Arch Med Res 2018; 49:373-380. [PMID: 30554858 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell energy during ischemia/reperfusion depends on mechanisms including adenosine diphosphate degradation, oxygen species and cytokine liberation, neutrophil infiltration, and endothelial dysfunction. Preconditioning-a brief ischemic episode that confers a state of protection against subsequent ischemia-reperfusion injury-involves NO and adenosine production, reduction in oxygen species liberation, and preservation of microcirculation. During hypoxia, constitutive NO production assures adequate oxygen delivery and reduced energy loss. The aim was to determine the role of ischemic preconditioning in the stimulation of constitutive endothelial nitric oxide (NO) production and its effect on energy charge, radical oxygen species generation, cytokine liberation, and neutrophil infiltration during reperfusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were assigned to one of four groups depending on the preconditioning protocol: hepatic ischemia/reperfusion, or hepatic ischemia/reperfusion and ischemic preconditioning, for 5, 10, or 20 min. A portosystemic shunt was established between the portal and left jugular veins during ischemia. RESULTS Preconditioning produced rises in plasma nitrites, but no rise in inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression. A 5 or 10 min preconditioning period allowed for higher energy charge, bile production, and glutathione levels, with less lipoperoxide, alanine aminotransferase, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1 production and neutrophil infiltration, compared with 20 min or control. Survival was 80% in the G10 group, 70 in G5, 10 in GC, and 0% in the G20 group. CONCLUSIONS Ten-min liver preconditioning improves survival and prevents energy loss during hepatic ischemia/reperfusion by stimulating constitutive NO production, maintaining glutathione concentrations and reducing oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokine generation as well as neutrophil infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Rodríguez-Reynoso
- División de Investigación Quirúrgica, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
| | - Caridad Leal-Cortés
- División de Investigación Quirúrgica, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Eliseo Portilla-de Buen
- División de Investigación Quirúrgica, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Selene Paulina López-De la Torre
- División de Investigación Quirúrgica, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México; Farmacología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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Bouhlel A, Ben Mosbah I, Hadj Abdallah N, Ribault C, Viel R, Mannaï S, Corlu A, Ben Abdennebi H. Thymoquinone prevents endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondria-induced apoptosis in a rat model of partial hepatic warm ischemia reperfusion. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:964-973. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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Meng W, Xu Y, Li D, Zhu E, Deng L, Liu Z, Zhang G, Liu H. Ozone protects rat heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury: A role for oxidative preconditioning in attenuating mitochondrial injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 88:1090-1097. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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Sassi A, Bouhlel I, Mustapha N, Mokdad-Bzeouich I, Chaabane F, Ghedira K, Chekir-Ghedira L. Assessment in vitro of the genotoxicity, antigenotoxicity and antioxidant of Ceratonia siliqua L. extracts in murine leukaemia cells L1210 by comet assay. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 77:117-24. [PMID: 26946406 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Genotoxicity of Ceratonia siliqua extracts, was investigated by assessing their capacity to induce nucleus DNA degradation of murine leukaemia cells L1210, using the "Comet assay". The ability of total oligomer flavonoids (TOF) and aqueous extracts to protect cell DNA against oxidative stress induced by H2O2, was performed by pre- co or post-treatment of cells with the before mentioned extracts for different periods preceding exposure to H2O2 stress. No significant genotoxic effect was detected at different exposure times, except at the lowest concentration of TOF extract (16.25 μg/ml). It appears that extracts decreased DNA damage, induced by H2O2. Both of TOF and aqueous extracts exhibited cellular antioxidant capacity, with EC50 values of respectively <16.25 and < 35 μg/ml, as well as, a protective capacity against lipidperoxidation inducing using L1210 cells line as a cellular model. MDA inhibition percentages reached 88.43% and 90.52% with respectively 35.5 μg/ml of TOF extract and 70 μg/ml of aqueous extract. Antioxidant properties of carob leaf extracts revealed by our study make a good antioxidant protection and thus a good candidate as food addition component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aïcha Sassi
- Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire. Faculté de médecine dentaire. Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne 5000 Monastir, Tunisie; Unité de Substances Naturelles Bioactives et Biotechnologie « UR12ES12 ». Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne 5000 Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Ines Bouhlel
- Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire. Faculté de médecine dentaire. Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne 5000 Monastir, Tunisie; Unité de Substances Naturelles Bioactives et Biotechnologie « UR12ES12 ». Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne 5000 Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Nadia Mustapha
- Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire. Faculté de médecine dentaire. Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne 5000 Monastir, Tunisie; Unité de Substances Naturelles Bioactives et Biotechnologie « UR12ES12 ». Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne 5000 Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Imen Mokdad-Bzeouich
- Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire. Faculté de médecine dentaire. Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne 5000 Monastir, Tunisie; Unité de Substances Naturelles Bioactives et Biotechnologie « UR12ES12 ». Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne 5000 Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Fadwa Chaabane
- Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire. Faculté de médecine dentaire. Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne 5000 Monastir, Tunisie; Unité de Substances Naturelles Bioactives et Biotechnologie « UR12ES12 ». Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne 5000 Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Kamel Ghedira
- Unité de Substances Naturelles Bioactives et Biotechnologie « UR12ES12 ». Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne 5000 Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Leila Chekir-Ghedira
- Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire. Faculté de médecine dentaire. Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne 5000 Monastir, Tunisie; Unité de Substances Naturelles Bioactives et Biotechnologie « UR12ES12 ». Faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Rue Avicenne 5000 Monastir, Tunisie.
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Liu S, Ren HB, Chen XL, Wang F, Wang RS, Zhou B, Wang C, Sun YX, Wang YJ. Puerarin attenuates severe burn-induced acute myocardial injury in rats. Burns 2015; 41:1748-1757. [PMID: 26514700 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Revised: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Puerarin, the main isoflavone glycoside extracted from the root of Pueraria lobata, is widely prescribed for patients with cardiovascular disorders in China. This study investigates the effect of puerarin on severe burn-induced acute myocardial injury in rats and its underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Healthy adult Wistar rats were divided into three groups: (1) sham group, sham burn treatment; (2) burn group, third-degree burns over 30% of the total body surface area (TBSA) with lactated Ringer's solution for resuscitation; and (3) burn plus puerarin group, third-degree burns over 30% of TBSA with lactated Ringer's solution containing puerarin for resuscitation. The burned animals were sacrificed at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after burn injury. Myocardial injury was evaluated by analyzing serum creatine kinase MB fraction (CK-MB) activity and cardiac troponin T (cTNT) level. Changes in cardiomyocyte ultrastructure were also determined using a transmission electron microscope. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α concentration in serum was measured by radioimmunoassay. Cardiac myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration were measured to determine neutrophil infiltration and oxidative stress in the heart, respectively. The expression of p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in the heart was determined by Western blot analysis. RESULTS After the 30% TBSA full-thickness burn injury, serum CK-MB activities and cTnT levels increased markedly, both of which were significantly decreased by the puerarin treatment. The level of serum TNF-α concentration in burn group at each time-point was obviously higher than those in sham group (1.09±0.09 ng/ml), and it reached the peak value at 12 h post burn. Burn trauma also resulted in worsen ultrastructural condition, elevated MPO activity and MDA content in heart tissue, and a significant activation of cardiac p38 MAP kinase. Administration of puerarin improved the ultrastructural changes in cardiomyocytes, decreased TNF-α concentration in serum as well as suppressed cardiac MPO activity and reduced MDA content, and abolished the activation of p38 MAP kinase in heart tissue after severe burn. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that puerarin attenuates inflammatory responses, reduces neutrophil infiltration and oxidative stress in the heart, and protects against acute myocardial injury induced by severe burn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Liu
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Hong-Bo Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Xu-Lin Chen
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Ren-Su Wang
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Ye-Xiang Sun
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Yong-Jie Wang
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China.
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Kierulf-Lassen C, Nieuwenhuijs-Moeke GJ, Krogstrup NV, Oltean M, Jespersen B, Dor FJMF. Molecular Mechanisms of Renal Ischemic Conditioning Strategies. Eur Surg Res 2015; 55:151-83. [PMID: 26330099 DOI: 10.1159/000437352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is the leading cause of acute kidney injury in a variety of clinical settings such as renal transplantation and hypovolemic and/or septic shock. Strategies to reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury are obviously clinically relevant. Ischemic conditioning is an inherent part of the renal defense mechanism against ischemia and can be triggered by short periods of intermittent ischemia and reperfusion. Understanding the signaling transduction pathways of renal ischemic conditioning can promote further clinical translation and pharmacological advancements in this era. This review summarizes research on the molecular mechanisms underlying both local and remote ischemic pre-, per- and postconditioning of the kidney. The different types of conditioning strategies in the kidney recruit similar powerful pro-survival mechanisms. Likewise, renal ischemic conditioning mobilizes many of the same protective signaling pathways as in other organs, but differences are recognized.
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Mu HN, Li Q, Pan CS, Liu YY, Yan L, Hu BH, Sun K, Chang X, Zhao XR, Fan JY, Han JY. Caffeic acid attenuates rat liver reperfusion injury through sirtuin 3-dependent regulation of mitochondrial respiratory chain. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 85:237-49. [PMID: 25960048 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) plays critical roles in regulating mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. However, whether Sirt3 is involved in liver ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury remains elusive. Caffeic acid (CA) is a natural antioxidant derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza. Whether CA protects against liver I/R injury through regulating Sirt3 and the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) is unclear. This study investigated the effect of CA on liver I/R injury, microcirculatory disturbance, and potential mechanisms, particularly focusing on Sirt3-dependent MRC. Liver I/R of male Sprague-Dawley rats was established by occlusion of portal area vessels for 30 min followed by 120 min of reperfusion. CA (15 mg/kg/h) was continuously infused via the femoral vein starting 30 min before ischemia. After I/R, Sirt3 expression, and MRC activity decreased, acetylation of NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9 and succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit A, flavoprotein variant provoked, and the liver microcirculatory disturbance and injury were observed. Treatment with CA attenuated liver injury, inhibited Sirt3 down-expression, and up-regulated MRC activity. CA attenuated rat liver microcirculatory disturbance and oxidative injury through regulation of Sirt3 and the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Na Mu
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Li
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Shui Pan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Ying Liu
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Li Yan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bai-He Hu
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Chang
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Rong Zhao
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Yu Fan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Yan Han
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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YAN YICHAO, LI GUANGYING, TIAN XIAOFENG, YE YINGJIANG, GAO ZHIDONG, YAO JIHONG, ZHANG FENG, WANG SHAN. Ischemic preconditioning increases GSK-3β/β-catenin levels and ameliorates liver ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Int J Mol Med 2015; 35:1625-32. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Saïdi SA, Abdelkafi S, Jbahi S, van Pelt J, El-Feki A. Temporal changes in hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities after ischemia and reperfusion in a rat liver ischemia model. Hum Exp Toxicol 2014; 34:249-59. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327114531991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the hypothesis that administration of tilapia fish oil diet would attenuate warm liver ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) and whether fish oil modulates prooxidant/antioxidant status. Male Wistar rats were subjected to 30 min of approximately 70% hepatic ischemia followed by 1, 12, and 24 h reperfusion. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operated group (SO), control–warm hepatic ischemia (WI) group, and Oil–WI group given tilapia oil for 3 weeks followed by liver IRI. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were measured in the plasma. Levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and antioxidant enzymes as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were measured in liver fractions. In the sham group, there was no enzymatic or histological change. I/R caused significant increase in serum AST, ALT, and tissue TBARS levels. As compared to the control group, animals treated with tilapia oil experienced a significant decrease ( p < 0.05) in AST and ALT levels in reperfusion periods. Tissue TBARS levels in Oil–WI group were significantly ( p < 0.05) reduced as compared to control group at 60 min after reperfusion. After ischemia, 1, 12, and 24 h of reperfusion, CAT, SOD, and GPx values were the lowest in the Oil–WI group and highest in the control group and were statistically significant ( p < 0.05). Histological analysis also revealed that fish oil provided some protection compared with the control group. Tilapia oil exerts a protective effect during the early phase of reperfusion, and it modulates prooxidant/antioxidant status of rat liver subjected to warm IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- SA Saïdi
- Liver Research Facility/Labo Hepatology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - S Abdelkafi
- Département de Génie Biologique, Université de Sfax, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - S Jbahi
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - J van Pelt
- Liver Research Facility/Labo Hepatology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A El-Feki
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Garab D, Fet N, Szabó A, Tolba RH, Boros M, Hartmann P. Remote ischemic preconditioning differentially affects NADPH oxidase isoforms during hepatic ischemia–reperfusion. Life Sci 2014; 105:14-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Figueira ER, Rocha-Filho JA, Nakatani M, Buto MF, Tatebe ER, Andre VO, Cecconello I, D'Albuquerque LA. Hepatic ischemic preconditioning increases portal vein flow in experimental liver ischemia reperfusion injury. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2014; 13:40-7. [PMID: 24463078 DOI: 10.1016/s1499-3872(14)60005-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) has been shown to decrease liver injury and to increase hepatic microvascular perfusion after liver ischemia reperfusion. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of IPC on hemodynamics of the portal venous system. METHODS Thirty-two rats were randomized into two groups: IPC group and control group. The rats of the IPC group underwent IPC by 10 minutes of liver ischemia followed by 10 minutes of reperfusion before liver ischemia, and the rats of the control group were subjected to 60 minutes of partial liver ischemia. Non-ischemic lobes were resected immediately after reperfusion. The animals were studied at 4 hours and 12 hours after reperfusion. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, portal vein flow and pressure were analyzed. Blood was collected for the determination of the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, calcium, lactate, pH, bicarbonate, and base excess. RESULTS IPC increased the mean portal vein flow at 4 hours and 12 hours after reperfusion. IPC recovered 78% of the mean portal vein flow at 12 hours after reperfusion. IPC decreased the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and lactate, and increased the levels of ionized calcium, bicarbonate and base excess at 12 hours after reperfusion. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that IPC increases portal vein flow and enhances hepatoprotective effects in liver ischemia reperfusion. The better recovery of portal vein flow after IPC may be correlated with the lower levels of transaminases and with the better metabolic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Rr Figueira
- Department of Gastroenterology, Laboratory of Medical Investigations LIM37 Discipline of Liver and Gastrointestinal Transplantation, Hospital das Clinicas, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Effect of 200 mEq/L Na+ hypertonic saline resuscitation on systemic inflammatory response and oxidative stress in severely burned rats. J Surg Res 2013; 185:477-84. [PMID: 23880649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive release of inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress play important roles in the increased vascular permeability and systemic edema during the early stage of severe burn. This study investigates the effect of 200 mEq/L Na(+) hypertonic saline (HS) on systemic inflammatory response and oxidative stress in severely burned rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham group, burn plus lactated Ringer's group, and burn plus HS group. Lung edema was assessed in terms of wet-weight-to-dry-weight ratio. Tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 6 concentrations in serum were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and the expression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase was determined by Western blot analysis. The lung and intestinal concentrations of malondialdehyde, an indicator of oxidative stress, were also measured. RESULTS Resuscitation with 200 mEq/L Na(+) HS significantly decreased the lung wet-weight-to-dry-weight ratio and abolished hyponatremia induced by burn injury. HS treatment also prevented the increases of myeloperoxidase activity and malondialdehyde content in the lung and intestine of severely burned rats. However, there were no significant differences, either in serum tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 6 concentrations or with respect to the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, between the burn plus lactated Ringer's group and burn plus HS group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Initial resuscitation with 200 mEq/L Na(+) HS after severe burn injury decreases pulmonary edema, prevents hyponatremia, and attenuates oxidative stress, but is not capable of inhibiting the systemic inflammatory response.
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Liang X, Wang RS, Wang F, Liu S, Guo F, Sun L, Wang YJ, Sun YX, Chen XL. Sodium butyrate protects against severe burn-induced remote acute lung injury in rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68786. [PMID: 23874764 PMCID: PMC3708909 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), a ubiquitous nuclear protein, drives proinflammatory responses when released extracellularly. It plays a key role as a distal mediator in the development of acute lung injury (ALI). Sodium butyrate, an inhibitor of histone deacetylase, has been demonstrated to inhibit HMGB1 expression. This study investigates the effect of sodium butyrate on burn-induced lung injury. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: 1) sham group, sham burn treatment; 2) burn group, third-degree burns over 30% total body surface area (TBSA) with lactated Ringer's solution for resuscitation; 3) burn plus sodium butyrate group, third-degree burns over 30% TBSA with lactated Ringer's solution containing sodium butyrate for resuscitation. The burned animals were sacrificed at 12, 24, and 48 h after burn injury. Lung injury was assessed in terms of histologic changes and wet weight to dry weight (W/D) ratio. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-8 protein concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and HMGB1 expression in the lung was determined by Western blot analysis. Pulmonary myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration were measured to reflect neutrophil infiltration and oxidative stress in the lung, respectively. As a result, sodium butyrate significantly inhibited the HMGB1 expressions in the lungs, reduced the lung W/D ratio, and improved the pulmonary histologic changes induced by burn trauma. Furthermore, sodium butyrate administration decreased the TNF-α and IL-8 concentrations in BALF and serum, suppressed MPO activity, and reduced the MDA content in the lungs after severe burn. These results suggest that sodium butyrate attenuates inflammatory responses, neutrophil infiltration, and oxidative stress in the lungs, and protects against remote ALI induced by severe burn, which is associated with inhibiting HMGB1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Liang
- Department of Burns, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Ren-Su Wang
- Department of Burns, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Burns, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Burns, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Burns, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Burns, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yong-Jie Wang
- Department of Burns, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Ye-Xiang Sun
- Department of Burns, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xu-Lin Chen
- Department of Burns, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
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Tüfek A, Tokgöz O, Aliosmanoglu I, Alabalik U, Evliyaoglu O, Çiftçi T, Güzel A, Yıldırım ZB. The protective effects of dexmedetomidine on the liver and remote organs against hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury in rats. Int J Surg 2012; 11:96-100. [PMID: 23261946 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2012.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the protective effects of dexmedetomidine against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury and hepatic IR induced remote organ injury. METHODS Forty Wistar albino rats were divided into the following four groups: sham, dexmedetomidine, IR, and IR + dexmedetomidine. Hepatic ischemia was created by the Pringle maneuver for 30 min followed by a 30 min reperfusion period in the IR and IR + dexmedetomidine groups. The dexmedetomidine and IR + dexmedetomidine groups were administered dexmedetomidine (100 μg/kg, single dose) intraperitoneally after the anesthesia insult. Blood samples and hepatic, renal, and lung tissue specimens were obtained to measure serum and tissue total oxidative activity (TOA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), paraoxonase (PON-1), and oxidative stress index (OSI) after 60 min in all groups. RESULTS According to the biochemical analyses of the samples taken from the serum and the liver, lung, and kidney tissues, when comparing the sham group and the IR group, TOA and OSI values were higher in the IR group, while TAC and PON-1 values were lower (p < 0.05). It was observed that TOA and OSI values were significantly lower, while TAC and PON-1 values increased with dexmedetomidine treatment (p < 0.05). In addition, dexmedetomidine ameliorated hepatic histopathological changes inducing IR, but there were no significant histopathological changes in the remote organs. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that dexmedetomidine markedly reduced the oxidative stress in serum, liver, and remote organs induced by hepatic IR injury, and ameliorated the histopathological damage in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Tüfek
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
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Grezzana Filho TDJM, Mendonça TBD, Gabiatti G, Rodrigues G, Marroni NAP, Treis L, De Rossi SD, Corso CO. Topical hepatic hypothermia plus ischemic preconditioning: analysis of bile flow and ischemic injuries after initial reperfusion in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2012; 26:194-201. [PMID: 21537521 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502011000300007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of the topical liver hypothermia and IPC combination against I/R injury after initial reperfusion. METHODS In 32 Wistar rats, partial liver ischemia was induced for 90 minutes in normothermia (IN), ischemic preconditioning (IPC), 26ºC topical hypothermia (H) and 26ºC topical hypothermia plus IPC (H+IPC). MAP, body temperature and bile flow were recorded each 15 minutes. Plasmatic injury markers and tissue antioxidant defenses were assessed after 120 minutes of reperfusion. RESULTS MAP and body temperature remained constant during all experiment. Bile flow returned to levels similar to controls after 45 minutes of reperfusion in the H and H+IPC groups and increased significantly in comparison to the NI and IPC groups after 105 and 120 minutes. AST and ALT increased significantly in the normothermic groups in comparison to controls. TBARS levels decreased significantly in the H+IPC group in comparison to the other groups whereas Catalase levels increased significantly in the IPC group. SOD levels were significantly higher in the H group in comparison to all groups. CONCLUSION The induction of 26ºC topical hypothermia associated or not to IPC protected the ischemic liver against ischemia/reperfusion injuries and allowed an early recovery of the hepatic function.
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The Vitamin E Derivative, EPC-K1, Suppresses Inflammation During Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Exerts Hepatoprotective Effects in Rats. J Surg Res 2012; 176:164-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2011.03.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Revised: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Ischemic and hypoxic preconditioning protect cardiac muscles via intracellular ROS signaling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11515-012-1225-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Lee WY, Koh EJ, Lee SM. A combination of ischemic preconditioning and allopurinol protects against ischemic injury through a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism. Nitric Oxide 2011; 26:1-8. [PMID: 22119149 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2011.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Revised: 10/05/2011] [Accepted: 11/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the cytoprotective mechanisms of a combination of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and allopurinol against liver injury caused by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Allopurinol (50mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered 18 and 1h before sustained ischemia. A rat liver was preconditioned by 10 min of ischemia, followed by 10 min of reperfusion, and then subjected to 90 min of ischemia, followed by 5h of reperfusion. Rats were pretreated with adenosine deaminase (ADA), 3,7-dimethyl-1-[2-propargyl]-xanthine (DMPX), and N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) before IPC. Hepatic nitrite and nitrate and eNOS protein expression levels were increased by the combination of IPC and allopurinol. This increase was attenuated by ADA, DMPX, and l-NAME. I/R induced an increase in alanine aminotransferase activity, whereas it decreased the hepatic glutathione level. A combination of IPC and allopurinol attenuated these changes, which were abolished by ADA, DMPX, and l-NAME. The increase in the liver wet weight-to-dry weight ratio after I/R was attenuated by the combination of IPC and allopurinol. In contrast, hepatic bile flow was decreased after I/R, which was attenuated by the combination of IPC and allopurinol. These changes were restored by l-NAME. I/R induced a decrease in the level of mitochondrial dehydrogenase, whereas it increased mitochondrial swelling. A combination of IPC and allopurinol attenuated these changes, which were restored by ADA, DMPX, and l-NAME. Our findings suggest that a combination of IPC and allopurinol reduces post-ischemic hepatic injury by enhancing NO generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Yong Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Republic of Korea
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Coriat R, Leconte M, Kavian N, Bedda S, Nicco C, Chereau C, Goulvestre C, Weill B, Laurent A, Batteux F. Mangafodipir protects against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27005. [PMID: 22073237 PMCID: PMC3206884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Aim Mangafodipir is a contrast agent used in magnetic resonance imaging that concentrates in the liver and displays pleiotropic antioxidant properties. Since reactive oxygen species are involved in ischemia-reperfusion damages, we hypothesized that the use of mangafodipir could prevent liver lesions in a mouse model of hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury. Mangafodipir (MnDPDP) was compared to ischemic preconditioning and intermittent inflow occlusion for the prevention of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in the mouse. Methods Mice were subjected to 70% hepatic ischemia (continuous ischemia) for 90 min. Thirty minutes before the ischemic period, either mangafodipir (10 mg/kg) or saline was injected intraperitoneally. Those experimental groups were compared with one group of mice preconditioned by 10 minutes' ischemia followed by 15 minutes' reperfusion, and one group with intermittent inflow occlusion. Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury was evaluated by measurement of serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) activity, histologic analysis of the livers, and determination of hepatocyte apoptosis (cytochrome c release, caspase 3 activity). The effect of mangafodipir on the survival rate of mice was studied in a model of total hepatic ischemia. Results Mangafodipir prevented experimental hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injuries in the mouse as indicated by a reduction in serum ASAT activity (P<0.01), in liver tissue damages, in markers of apoptosis (P<0.01), and by higher rates of survival in treated than in untreated animals (P<0.001). The level of protection by mangafodipir was similar to that observed following intermittent inflow occlusion and higher than after ischemic preconditioning. Conclusions Mangafodipir is a potential new preventive treatment for hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Coriat
- Laboratoire d'immunologie, EA1833 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
- Service d'hépatogastroentérologie, Université Paris Descartes,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Mahaut Leconte
- Laboratoire d'immunologie, EA1833 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
- Service de Chirurgie Digestive, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Niloufar Kavian
- Laboratoire d'immunologie, EA1833 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'immunologie biologique Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Sassia Bedda
- Laboratoire d'immunologie, EA1833 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Carole Nicco
- Laboratoire d'immunologie, EA1833 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Christiane Chereau
- Laboratoire d'immunologie, EA1833 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Claire Goulvestre
- Laboratoire d'immunologie, EA1833 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'immunologie biologique Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Bernard Weill
- Laboratoire d'immunologie, EA1833 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Laurent
- Laboratoire d'immunologie, EA1833 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
- Service de Chirurgie Digestive, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Université Paris XII, Créteil, France
| | - Frédéric Batteux
- Laboratoire d'immunologie, EA1833 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'immunologie biologique Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury still represents an important cause of morbidity following hepatic surgery and limits the use of marginal livers in hepatic transplantation. Transient blood flow interruption followed by reperfusion protects tissues against damage induced by subsequent I/R. This process known as ischemic preconditioning (IP) depends upon intrinsic cytoprotective systems whose activation can inhibit the progression of irreversible tissue damage. Compared to other organs, liver IP has additional features as it reduces inflammation and promotes hepatic regeneration. Our present understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in liver IP is still largely incomplete. Experimental studies have shown that the protective effects of liver IP are triggered by the release of adenosine and nitric oxide and the subsequent activation of signal networks involving protein kinases such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, protein kinase C δ/ε and p38 MAP kinase, and transcription factors such as signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, nuclear factor-κB and hypoxia-inducible factor 1. This article offers an overview of the molecular events underlying the preconditioning effects in the liver and points to the possibility of developing pharmacological approaches aimed at activating the intrinsic protective systems in patients undergoing liver surgery.
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Wang J, Liang Q, Ji L, Liu H, Wang C, Wang Z. Gender-related difference in liver injury induced by Dioscorea bulbifera L. rhizome in mice. Hum Exp Toxicol 2010; 30:1333-41. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327110389926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to investigate the gender-related liver injury induced by Dioscorea bulbifera L. (DB), a traditional medicinal plant, in mice, and further explored its hepatotoxic chemical compound. Serum and liver tissue samples were collected at 0, 4, 8, 12 h, after mice were administrated orally with 640 mg/kg ethyl acetate extracts (EF) isolated from DB. After treatments, serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities were both significantly elevated. Liver lipid peroxidation (LPO) level increased, while glutathione amounts, glutathione- S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities all decreased in the time-dependent manner. Further analysis demonstrated that ALT and AST activities in female mice were significantly lower than those in male. Meanwhile, liver glutathione amounts and CAT activity in female mice after giving EF for 12 h were both higher than those in male. Further, comparing the liver injury induced by Diosbulbin B isolated from DB with that induced by EF on the basis of chemical analysis for the amounts of Diosbulbin B in EF of DB, we found that Diosbulbin B could be the main hepatotoxic chemical compound in DB. Taken together, our results show that DB can induce gender-related liver oxidative stress injury in mice, and its main hepatotoxic chemical compound is Diosbulbin B, for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingning Liang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Ji
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai Liu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changhong Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
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Mitochondrial HMG-CoA synthase partially contributes to antioxidant protection in the kidney of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Nutrition 2010; 26:1176-80. [PMID: 20137896 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2009.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2009] [Revised: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 10/21/2009] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increased oxidative stress plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases including hypertension and stroke. Evidence has indicated that ketone bodies could exert antioxidative effects. We explored the role of renal mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase (HMGCS2) expression, a key control site of ketogenesis, in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSPs) and their ancestral hypertensive but stroke-resistant spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). METHODS Two groups of SHRSPs were fed a standard chow or standard chow supplemented with clofibrate (an agonist of HMGCS2 promoter), respectively, and SHRs fed with a standard chow were used as controls. The renal levels of HMGCS2, Akt, and phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt) were measured by western blotting. Malondialdehyde, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase were detected by assay kits. RESULTS Compared with SHRs, lower HMGCS2 protein expression, enhanced phosphorylated Akt signal, higher malondialdehyde levels, and higher catalase activity were observed in kidney tissues in SHRSPs (P < 0.05). No differences in superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were observed between SHRSPs and SHRs. Clofibrate treatment significantly upregulated renal HMGCS2 expressions, inhibited phosphorylation of Akt, and decreased malondialdehyde levels and catalase activities in SHRSP kidney tissues (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION These results demonstrated the difference in HMGCS2 expression and oxidative stress in kidney tissues between SHRSPs and their SHR controls. The enhanced oxidative stress was partly due to the lower HMGCS2 expression regulated possibly by the Akt signaling pathway.
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Kandis H, Karapolat S, Yildirim U, Saritas A, Gezer S, Memisogullari R. Effects of Urtica dioica on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2010; 65:1357-61. [PMID: 21340227 PMCID: PMC3020349 DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322010001200021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 09/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of Urtica dioica on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS Thirty adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: sham group (group 1), control group (group 2), and Urtica dioica group (group 3). All the rats were exposed to hepatic ischemia for 60 min, followed by 60 min of reperfusion. In group 2, a total of 2 ml/kg 0.9% saline solution was given intraperitoneally. In group 3, a total of 2 ml/kg Urtica dioica was given intraperitoneally. At the end of the procedure, liver tissue and blood samples were taken from all rats. Serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, ceruloplasmin, catalase, paraoxonase, arylesterase, and lipid hydroperoxide levels were measured. Liver tissue histopathologies were also evaluated by light microscopy. RESULTS Serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase levels were significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1, and significantly lower in group 3 than in group 2. Also, group 2 had higher serum lipid hydroperoxides and ceruloplasmin levels but lower catalase, paraoxonase, and arylesterase levels than group 1. In group 3, serum lipid hydroperoxides and ceruloplasmin levels were significantly lower, and catalase, paraoxonase, and arylesterase levels were higher than those in group 2. Histopathological examination showed that liver tissue damage was significantly decreased in group 3 compared with group 2. CONCLUSIONS Urtica dioica has a protective effect on the liver in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion-injured rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayati Kandis
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey.
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Wu TJ, Khoo NH, Zhou F, Day BJ, Parks DA. Decreased hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by manganese–porphyrin complexes. Free Radic Res 2009; 41:127-34. [PMID: 17364938 DOI: 10.1080/10715760600801298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species have been implicated in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Metalloporphyrins (MP) are stable catalytic antioxidants that can scavenge superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrite and lipid peroxyl radicals. Studies were conducted with three manganese-porphyrin (MnP) complexes with varying superoxide dimutase (SOD) and catalase catalytic activity to determine if the MnP attenuates I/R injury in isolated perfused mouse livers. The release of the hepatocellular enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was maximal at 1 min reperfusion, decreased rapidly and increased gradually by 90 min. Manganese tetrakis-(N-ethyl-2 pyridyl) porphyrin (MnTE-2-PyP) decreased ALT, AST, LDH at 1-90 min reperfusion, while manganese tetrakis-(N-methyl-2 pyridyl) porphyrin (MnTM-2-PyP) and manganese tetrakis-(ethoxycarbonyl) porphyrin (MnTECP) decreased ALT and LDH from 5 to 90 min reperfusion. The release of thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS) was diminished by MnTE-2-PyP and MnTM-2-PyP at 90 min. The extent of protein nitration (nitrotyrosine, NT) was decreased in all three MnPs treated livers. These results demonstrate that MnP complexes can attenuate hepatic I/R injury and may have therapeutic implications in disease states involving oxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzong-Jin Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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Xu SQ, Li YH, Hu SH, Chen K, Dong LY. Effects of Wy14643 on hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury in rats. World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14:6936-42. [PMID: 19058328 PMCID: PMC2773856 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.14.6936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of Wy14643 on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats.
METHODS: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 220-280 g were randomly divided into five experimental groups: sham group (G1, n = 6): a sham operation was performed (except for liver I/R); I/R-untreated group (G2, n = 6): rats underwent liver ischemia for 90 min followed by reperfusion for 4 h; and I/R + Wy14643 groups (G3, G4, G5; n = 6): after the same surgical procedure as in group 2, animals were pretreated with Wy14643 at the dose of 1, 5 and 10 mg/kg 1 h before ischemia, respectively. Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) was induced by clamping blood supply to the left lateral and median lobes of the liver for 90 min, and atraumatic clamp was removed for 4 h reperfusion. Blood samples and liver tissues were obtained at the end of reperfusion to assess serum and hepatic tissue homogenate aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), myeloperoxidase (MPO), serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), as well as activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the hepatic tissue homogenate.
RESULTS: Hepatic I/R induced a significant increase in the serum levels of ALT, AST, TNF-α, IL-1β and MPO, as well as the levels of ALT, AST and MDA in the liver tissue homogenate, which were reduced by pretreatment with Wy14643 at the dose of 1, 5 and 10 mg/kg, respectively. The activity of SOD in the liver tissue homogenate was decreased after hepatic I/R, which was enhanced by Wy14643 pretreatment. In addition, serum and liver tissue homogenate ALT and AST in the Wy14643 10 mg/kg group were lower than in the Wy14643 1 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg groups, respectively.
CONCLUSION: Wy14643 pretreatment exerts significant protection against hepatic I/R injury in rats. The protective effects are possibly associated with enhancement of anti-oxidant and inhibition inflammation response.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Ischemic preconditioning that consists of a short period of hepatic inflow occlusion followed by reperfusion has the potential to increase tolerance to a subsequent prolonged ischemic insult. This review outlines current insight into ischemic preconditioning for hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury in experimental and clinical settings. RECENT FINDINGS Experimental evidence suggests that interleukin-6 signaling and increased phosphorylation of STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription-3) are involved in the protective effects of ischemic preconditioning. The benefit of ischemic preconditioning is restricted, however, by old liver and prolonged ischemic time (>60 min). To overcome this, ascorbic acid or glucose administration combined with ischemic preconditioning potentially can maintain the integrity of hepatic mitochondrial function through signal transduction pathways. The influence of ischemic preconditioning on hepatic regeneration varies with partial hepatectomy or small-for-size liver graft models, and remains controversial. Clinically, ischemic preconditioning in deceased donors protects against ischemia and reperfusion injury, as demonstrated by lowered liver enzyme levels, reduced incidence of primary nonfunction, and increased hepatic hypoxia-induced factor-1alpha concentrations. SUMMARY Enhanced understanding of the mechanisms of organ tolerance induced by ischemic preconditioning would strengthen the significance of this potential therapeutic strategy in liver transplantation.
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Huang J, Wu L, Tashiro SI, Onodera S, Ikejima T. Reactive oxygen species mediate oridonin-induced HepG2 apoptosis through p53, MAPK, and mitochondrial signaling pathways. J Pharmacol Sci 2008; 107:370-9. [PMID: 18719315 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.08044fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oridonin, a diterpenoid isolated from Rabdosia rubescences, could induce apoptosis through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. p53, a specific inhibitor of pifithrin alpha (PFT alpha), markedly inhibited ROS generation and apoptosis, showing that p53 was responsible for the cytotoxity of oridonin through mediation by ROS. Moreover, the ROS activated the p38 kinase, which in turn promoted the activation of p53, as verified by evidence showing that the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) not only blocked the phosphorylation of p38 but also partially inhibited the activation of p53, and the p38 inhibitor SB203580 reduced the activation of p53 as well. Mitochondria were either the sources or the targets of ROS. This study showed that oridonin stimulated mitochondrial transmembrane permeabilization in a ROS-dependent manner because NAC almost thoroughly reversed the drop of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Deltapsim) and the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondrial inter-membrane space into cytosol. Furthermore, as a result of mitochondrial permeability transition, procaspases-9 and -3 were cleaved into 37- and 17-kDa proteolytic products, respectively, which acted as executors of oridonin-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Huang
- Department of Phytochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
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Baykara B, Tekmen I, Pekcetin C, Ulukus C, Tuncel P, Sagol O, Ormen M, Ozogul C. The protective effects of carnosine and melatonin in ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat liver. Acta Histochem 2008; 111:42-51. [PMID: 18554692 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2008.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2007] [Revised: 03/12/2008] [Accepted: 03/18/2008] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The reperfusion following liver ischemia results in hepatocyte damage and apoptosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two antioxidant agents, carnosine and melatonin, in rat liver ischemia-reperfusion injury. Five study groups were formed; I. sham, II. ischemia-reperfusion, III. ischemia-reperfusion+melatonin, IV. ischemia-reperfusion+carnosine, V. ischemia-reperfusion+melatonin+carnosine. Then 250 mg/kg carnosine and 10 mg/kg melatonin were administered intraperitoneally 30 min before ischemia and immediately after the reperfusion. Sinusoidal dilatation, congestion and neutrophil infiltration were observed in the ischemia-reperfusion group while these symptoms were less pronounced in the treatment groups. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and myeloperoxidase levels were increased in the ischemia-reperfusion group while they were lowered in the treatment groups. Glutathione level was low in the ischemia-reperfusion group while it tended to increase in the ischemia-reperfusion+carnosine administered and ischemia-reperfusion+carnosine+melatonin administered groups. There was an increase in the number of apoptotic cells in the ischemia-reperfusion group while this number was lowered in the treatment groups. Carnosine was more effective than melatonin in the reversal of structural and biochemical alterations that resulted from ischemia-reperfusion injury. The administration of melatonin and carnosine together yielded better outcomes compared to the sole administration of each agent.
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Gong J, Lao XJ, Wang XM, Long G, Jiang T, Chen S. Preservation of non-heart-beating donor livers in extracorporeal liver perfusion and histidine-trytophan-ketoglutarate solution. World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14:2338-42. [PMID: 18416459 PMCID: PMC2705087 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.14.2338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To compare the preservation of non-heart-beating donor (NHBD) livers in cold histidine-trytophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) solution and extracorporeal liver perfusion (ECLP).
METHODS: Livers harvested from health pigs were stored for 10 h in cold HTK solution (group A, n = 4) or perfused with oxygenated autologous blood at body temperature (group B, n = 4). Both groups were then tested on the circuit for 4 h. Bile production, hemodynamic parameters, hepatocyte markers and reperfusion injury of extracorporeal livers were tested in each group. Liver tissues from each group were examined at the end of reperfusion.
RESULTS: At 1, 2, 3 and 4 h after reperfusion, bile production, hemodynamic parameters, hepatocyte markers and reperfusion injury of livers in group A were statistically different from those in group B (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: ECLP is better than HTK solution to preserve NHBD livers. ECLP can assess the graft viability before liver transplantation.
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Alexandrova A, Petrov L, Georgieva A, Kessiova M, Tzvetanova E, Kirkova M, Kukan M. Effect of MG132 on proteasome activity and prooxidant/antioxidant status of rat liver subjected to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Hepatol Res 2008; 38:393-401. [PMID: 17927769 DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2007.00270.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM Previous studies have shown that proteasome inhibitors exerted protective effects against ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) of brain, heart, kidney and intestine. The aim of the present study was to investigate: (i) whether the proteasome inhibitor MG132 protects rat liver against IRI; and (ii) whether MG132 modulates prooxidant/antioxidant status of rat liver subjected to warm IRI. METHODS The left lateral and medial lobes (approximately 70% of the total liver volume) of livers of male Wistar rats were subjected to 30-min ischemia followed by 60-min reperfusion. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were measured in the plasma. Proteasome chymotryptic-like (ChT-L) activity, levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyls (PC) and glutathione (GSH), as well as superoxidase dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathionine peroxidase and glutathionine reductase activities were measured in liver fractions. RESULTS Thirty-min ischemia followed by 60-min reperfusion increased liver TBARS and PC, CAT and SOD activities, but decreased GSH level. Ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress was exacerbated in mitochondria, indicating that these organelles are the preferential target of IRI. Plasma LDH and AST levels were decreased by MG132 during both ischemia and reperfusion, while ALT values were decreased only after 30 min of reperfusion. MG132 did not significantly affect liver TBARS and GSH levels, but it increased PC and decreased ChT-L activity; the activities of CAT and SOD were also decreased. CONCLUSIONS MG132 exerts a protective effect during the early phase of reperfusion and it modulates prooxidant/antioxidant status of rat liver subjected to warm IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albena Alexandrova
- Laboratory of Free Radical Processes, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Goss JA, Barshes NR, Karpen SJ, Gao FQ, Wyllie S. Liver ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion induces and trafficks the multi-specific metal transporter Atp7b to bile duct canaliculi: possible preferential transport of iron into bile. Biol Trace Elem Res 2008; 122:26-41. [PMID: 17987273 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-007-8057-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2006] [Accepted: 07/03/2006] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Both Atp7b (Wilson disease gene) and Atp7a (Menkes disease gene) have been reported to be trafficked by copper. Atp7b is trafficked to the bile duct canaliculi and Atp7a to the plasma membrane. Whether or not liver ischemia or ischemia-reperfusion modulates Atp7b expression and trafficking has not been reported. In this study, we report for the first time that the multi-specific metal transporter Atp7b is significantly induced and trafficked by both liver ischemia alone and liver ischemia-reperfusion, as judged by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses. Although hepatocytes also stained for Atp7b, localized intense staining of Atp7b was found on bile duct canaliculi. Inductive coupled plasma-mass spectrometry analysis of bile copper, iron, zinc, and manganese found a corresponding significant increase in biliary iron. In our attempt to determine if the increased biliary iron transport observed may be a result of altered bile flow, lysosomal trafficking, or glutathione biliary transport, we measured bile flow, bile acid phosphatase activity, and glutathione content. No significant difference was found in bile flow, bile acid phosphatase activity, and glutathione, between control livers and livers subjected to ischemia-reperfusion. Thus, we conclude that liver ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion induction and trafficking Atp7b to the bile duct canaliculi may contribute to preferential iron transport into bile.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Goss
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Liver Transplant Center Laboratory, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Lee WY, Lee JS, Lee SM. Protective effects of combined ischemic preconditioning and ascorbic acid on mitochondrial injury in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion. J Surg Res 2007; 142:45-52. [PMID: 17559880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2006.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2006] [Revised: 07/25/2006] [Accepted: 08/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the in vivo effects of ischemic preconditioning (IPC), ascorbic acid (AA), or a combination (IPC + AA) on the level of mitochondrial injury caused by hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). MATERIALS AND METHODS A rat liver was preconditioned with 10 min of ischemia followed by 10 min of reperfusion, and then subjected to 90 min of ischemia followed by 5 h of reperfusion. The rats were pretreated with AA (100 mg/kg, i.v.) 5 min before the sustained ischemia. RESULTS I/R increased the aminotransferase activity and level of mitochondrial lipid peroxidation, whereas it decreased the reduced glutathione:oxidized glutathione ratio. Either the IPC or AA pretreatment alone attenuated these changes, with the effect being enhanced by IPC + AA. The level of mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase, which is specifically located in the matrix, decreased after I/R but this was prevented by IPC + AA. Significant peroxide production was observed after 10 min of reperfusion after sustained ischemia. This change was attenuated by either IPC or AA alone and was further attenuated by IPC + AA. The mitochondria isolated after I/R were rapidly swollen, indicating an opening of the permeability transition pore. However, this was markedly reduced by IPC + AA. The hepatic ATP level was lower after I/R, which was restored by IPC alone and IPC + AA. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that IPC and AA synergistically reduce the level of mitochondrial damage during I/R as a result of decreased postischemic oxidant stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Yong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
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Centurion SAR, Centurion LM, Souza MEJ, Gomes MCJ, Sankarankutty AK, Mente ED, Castro e Silva O. Effects of ischemic liver preconditioning on hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in the rat. Transplant Proc 2007; 39:361-4. [PMID: 17362730 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
To minimize bleeding during major liver resections or liver transplantation, surgical measures have been adopted that induce ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R) which may significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality of partial liver resections. Several methods have sought to minimize I/R hepatic lesions. The present project assessed the protective role of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) in rat livers. The IPC was accomplished by clamping the hepatic pedicle for 5 minutes, followed by a 5-minute reperfusion (R) period before a 2-hour ischemia. Thereafter, reperfusions of 1, 3, and 24 hours were compared among IPC and control groups without IPC. Liver biopsy and blood samples were measured for mitochondrial respiratory control ratio (RCR), serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). IPC protected liver mitochondrial function. Serum aminotransferase levels were significantly lower among animals undergoing IPC compared with groups without IPC. Thus, we verified the effects of IPC for hepatocellular protection against I/R lesions.
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Shen SQ, Zhang Y, Xiang JJ, Xiong CL. Protective effect of curcumin against liver warm ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat model is associated with regulation of heat shock protein and antioxidant enzymes. World J Gastroenterol 2007; 13:1953-61. [PMID: 17461496 PMCID: PMC4146972 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i13.1953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the hypothesis that the protective effects of curcumin in hepatic warm ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury are associated with increasing heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) expression and antioxidant enzyme activity.
METHODS: Sixty Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into sham, I/R, C + I/R groups. The model of reduced-size liver warm ischemia and reperfusion was used. Curcumin (50 mg/kg) was administered by injection through a branch of superior mesenteric vein at 30 min before ischemia in C + I/R group. Five rats were used to investigate the survival during 1 wk after operation in each group. Blood samples and liver tissues were obtained in the remaining animals after 3, 12, and 24 h of reperfusion to assess serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), liver tissue NO2- + NO3-, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), nitricoxide synthase (NOS) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, Hsp70 expression and apoptosis ratio.
RESULTS: Compared with I/R group, curcumin pretreatment group showed less ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury. CAT and SOD activity and Hsp70 expression increased significantly. A higher rate of apoptosis was observed in I/R group than in C + I/R group, and a significant increase of MDA, NO2- + NO3- and MPO level in liver tissues and serum transaminase concentration was also observed in I/R group compared to C + I/R group. Curcumin also decreased the activity of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in liver after reperfusion, but had no effect on the level of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) after reperfusion in liver. The 7 d survival rate was significantly higher in C + I/R group than in I/R group.
CONCLUSION: Curcumin has protective effects against hepatic I/R injury. Its mechanism might be related to the overexpression of Hsp70 and antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qiang Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China.
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Wang ZZ, Zhao WJ, Zhang XS, Tian XF, Wang YZ, Zhang F, Yuan JC, Han GZ, Liu KX, Yao JH. Protection of Veratrum nigrum L. var. ussuriense Nakai alkaloids against ischemia-reperfusion injury of the rat liver. World J Gastroenterol 2007; 13:564-71. [PMID: 17278222 PMCID: PMC4065978 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i4.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the protective effects and possible mechanisms of Veratrum nigrum L.var. ussuriense Nakai alkaloids (VnA) on hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats.
METHODS: Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n = 10 in each): (A) Control group (the sham operation group); (B) I/R group (pretreated with normal saline); (C) Small-dose (10 μg/kg) VnA pretreatment group; (D) Large-dose (20 μg/kg) VnA pretreatment group. Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (Hepatic I/R) was induced by occlusion of the portal vein and the hepatic artery for 90 min, followed by reperfusion for 240 min. The pretreatment groups were administered with VnA intraperitoneally, 30 min before surgery, while the control group and I/R group were given equal volumes of normal saline. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and nitric oxide (NO) content in the liver tissue at the end of reperfusion were determined and liver function was measured. The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and E-selectin (ES) were detected by immunohistochemical examinations and Western blot analyses.
RESULTS: The results showed that hepatic I/R elicited a significant increase in the plasma levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT: 74.53 ± 2.58 IU/L vs 1512.54 ± 200.76 IU/L, P < 0.01) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH: 473.48 ± 52.17 IU/L vs 5821.53 ± 163.69 IU/L, P < 0.01), as well as the levels of MPO (1.97 ± 0.11 U/g vs 2.57 ± 0.13 U/g, P < 0.01) and NO (69.37 ± 1.52 μmol/g protein vs 78.39 ± 2.28 μmol/g protein, P < 0.01) in the liver tissue, all of which were reduced by pretreatment with VnA, respectively (ALT: 1512.54 ± 200.76 IU/L vs 977.93 ± 89.62 IU/L, 909.81 ± 132.76 IU/L, P < 0.01, P < 0.01; LDH: 5821.53 ± 163.69 IU/L vs 3015.44 ± 253.01 IU/L, 2448.75 ± 169.4 IU/L, P < 0.01, P < 0.01; MPO: 2.57 ± 0.13 U/g vs 2.13 ± 0.13 U/g, 2.07 ± 0.05 U/g, P < 0.01, P < 0.01; NO: 78.39 ± 2.28 μmol/g protein vs 71.11 ± 1.73 μmol/g protein, 68.58 ± 1.95 μmol/g protein, P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The activity of SOD (361.75 ± 16.22 U/mg protein vs 263.19 ± 12.10 U/mg protein, P < 0.01) in the liver tissue was decreased after I/R, which was enhanced by VnA pretreatment (263.19 ± 12.10 U/mg protein vs 299.40 ± 10.80 U/mg protein, 302.09 ± 14.80 U/mg protein, P < 0.05, P < 0.05). Simultaneously, the histological evidence of liver hemorrhage, polymorphonuclear neutrophil infiltration and the overexpression of ICAM-1 and E-selectin in the liver tissue were observed, all of which were attenuated in the VnA pretreated groups.
CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate that VnA pretreatment exerts significant protection against hepatic I/R injury in rats. The protective effects are possibly associated with enhancement of antioxidant capacity, reduction of inflammatory responses and suppressed expression of ICAM-1 and E-selectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Zhen Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, Liaoning Province, China
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Smyrniotis V, Theodoraki K, Arkadopoulos N, Fragulidis G, Condi-Pafiti A, Plemenou-Fragou M, Voros D, Vassiliou J, Dimakakos P. Ischemic preconditioning versus intermittent vascular occlusion in liver resections performed under selective vascular exclusion: a prospective randomized study. Am J Surg 2006; 192:669-74. [PMID: 17071204 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2006.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2005] [Revised: 02/20/2006] [Accepted: 02/20/2006] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare ischemic preconditioning with the intermittent vascular occlusion technique in liver resections performed under inflow and outflow occlusion. METHODS Fifty-four patients with resectable liver tumors assigned were randomly to undergo surgery with either ischemic preconditioning (IP group, n = 27) or with intermittent vascular occlusion (IVO group, n = 27). Both groups were compared regarding surgical parameters, aspartate transaminase levels, and apoptosis. RESULTS For warm ischemic time less than 40 minutes, no significant difference was noticed between the 2 groups apart from caspase-3 activity, which was higher in the IVO group than in the IP group (17.2 +/- 3.4 vs. 10.3 +/- 5.2, P < .05). When warm ischemia exceeded 40 minutes, the IP group showed higher levels in blood aspartate transaminase levels on day 3 (442 +/- 178 IU/L vs. 305 +/- 104 IU/L, P < .05) and higher caspase-3 levels (26.5 +/- 5.7 count/high-power field [hpf] vs. 20.7 +/- 3.6 count/hpf, P < .05) and apoptotic activity (28.5 +/- 7.5 count/hpf vs. 20.2 +/- 4.1 count/hpf, P < .05), as compared with the IVO group. CONCLUSIONS Although both techniques showed comparable efficacy for short ischemic times, intermittent vascular occlusion provided better cytoprotection when ischemia exceeded 40 minutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilios Smyrniotis
- Second Department of Surgery, University of Athens, School of Medicine, Areteion Hospital, 76 Vas. Sofias Av., 115 28, Athens, Greece.
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Cai FG, Xiao JS, Ye QF. Effects of ischemic preconditioning on cyclinD 1 expression during early ischemic reperfusion in rats. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12:2936-40. [PMID: 16718823 PMCID: PMC4087815 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i18.2936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To observe the effect of ischemic preconditioning on cyclinD1 expression in rat liver cells during early ischemic reperfusion.
METHODS: Fifty-four SD rats were randomly divided into ischemic preconditioning group (IP), ischemia/reperfusion group (IR) and sham operation group (SO). The IP and IR groups were further divided into four sub-groups (n = 6). Sham operation group (SO) served as the control group (n = 6). A model of partial liver ischemia/reperfusion was used, in which rats were subjected to liver ischemia for 60 min prior to reperfusion. The animals in the IP group underwent ischemic preconditioning twice for 5 min each time prior to the ischemia/reperfusion challenge. After 0, 1, 2, and 4 h of reperfusion, serum and liver tissue in each group were collected to detect the level of serum ALT, liver histopathology and expression of cyclinD1 mRNA and protein. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle as the quantity indicator of cell regeneration.
RESULTS: Compared with IR group, IP group showed a significantly lower ALT level in 1 h to 4 h sub-groups (P < 0.05). Proliferation index(PI) indicated by the S-phase and G2/M-phase ratio [(S+G2/M)/(G0/G1+S+G2/M)] was significantly increased in IP group at 0 and 1 h (26.44± 7.60% vs 18.56 ± 6.40%,41.87 ± 7.27% vs 20.25 ± 6.70%, P < 0.05). Meanwhile, cyclinD1 protein expression could be detected in IP group. But in IR group, cyclinD1 protein expression occurred 2 h after reperfusion. The expression of cyclinD1 mRNA increased significantly in IP group at 0 and 1 h (0.568 ± 0.112 vs 0.274 ± 0.069, 0.762 ± 0.164 vs 0.348 ± 0.093, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Ischemic preconditioning can protect liver cells against ischemia/reperfusion injury, which may be related to cell proliferation and expression of cyclinD1 during early ischemic reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Gang Cai
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian Province, China.
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