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Wu H, Yang Y, Jia J, Guo T, Lei J, Deng Y, He Y, Wang Y, Peng Z, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Wang Q, Shen H, Zhang Y, Yan D, Ma X. Maternal Preconception Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Risk of Congenital Heart Diseases in Offspring Among Chinese Women Aged 20 to 49 Years. JAMA Pediatr 2023; 177:498-505. [PMID: 36912830 PMCID: PMC10012042 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Importance Maternal hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection during early pregnancy has been related to congenital heart diseases (CHDs) in offspring. However, no study to date has evaluated the association of maternal preconception HBV infection with CHDs in offspring. Objective To explore the association of maternal preconception HBV infection with CHDs in offspring. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective cohort study used nearest-neighbor (1:4) propensity score matching of 2013 to 2019 data from the National Free Preconception Checkup Project (NFPCP), a national free health service for childbearing-aged women who plan to conceive throughout mainland China. Women aged 20 to 49 years who got pregnant within 1 year after preconception examination were included, and those with multiple births were excluded. Data were analyzed from September to December 2022. Exposures Maternal preconception HBV infection statuses, including uninfected, previous, and new infection. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome was CHDs, which were prospectively collected from the birth defect registration card of the NFPCP. Logistic regression with robust error variances was used to estimate the association between maternal preconception HBV infection status and CHD risk in offspring, after adjusting for confounding variables. Results After matching with a 1:4 ratio, there were 3 690 427 participants included in the final analysis, where 738 945 women were infected with HBV, including 393 332 women with previous infection and 345 613 women with new infection. Approximately 0.03% (800 of 2 951 482) of women uninfected with HBV preconception and women newly infected with HBV carried an infant with CHDs, whereas 0.04% (141 of 393 332) of women with HBV infection prior to pregnancy carried an infant with CHDs. After multivariable adjustment, women with HBV infection prior to pregnancy had a higher risk of CHDs in offspring compared with women who were uninfected (adjusted relative risk ratio [aRR], 1.23; 95% CI, 1.02-1.49). Moreover, compared with couples who were uninfected with HBV prior to pregnancy (680 of 2 610 968 [0.026%]), previously infected women with uninfected men (93 of 252 919 [0.037%]) or previously infected men with uninfected women (43 of 95 735 [0.045%]) had a higher incidence of CHDs in offspring and were significantly associated with a higher risk of CHDs in offspring (previously infected women with uninfected men: aRR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.09-1.69; previously infected men with uninfected women: aRR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.09-2.09) with multivariable adjustment, while no significant association was observed between maternal new HBV infection and CHDs in offspring. Conclusions and Relevance In this matched retrospective cohort study, maternal preconception previous HBV infection was significantly associated with CHDs in offspring. Moreover, among women with HBV-uninfected husbands, significantly increased risk of CHDs was also observed in previously infected women prior to pregnancy. Consequently, HBV screening and getting HBV vaccination-induced immunity for couples prior to pregnancy are indispensable, and those with previous HBV infection prior to pregnancy should also be taken seriously to decrease the CHDs risk in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbin Wu
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- National Human Genetic Resource Center, National Human Reproduction and Health Resource Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Yang
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- National Human Genetic Resource Center, National Human Reproduction and Health Resource Center, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajing Jia
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- National Human Genetic Resource Center, National Human Reproduction and Health Resource Center, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tonglei Guo
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- National Human Genetic Resource Center, National Human Reproduction and Health Resource Center, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jueming Lei
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- National Human Genetic Resource Center, National Human Reproduction and Health Resource Center, Beijing, China
| | - YuZhi Deng
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- National Human Genetic Resource Center, National Human Reproduction and Health Resource Center, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan He
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- National Human Genetic Resource Center, National Human Reproduction and Health Resource Center, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- National Human Genetic Resource Center, National Human Reproduction and Health Resource Center, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zuoqi Peng
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- National Human Genetic Resource Center, National Human Reproduction and Health Resource Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- National Human Genetic Resource Center, National Human Reproduction and Health Resource Center, Beijing, China
| | - Hongguang Zhang
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- National Human Genetic Resource Center, National Human Reproduction and Health Resource Center, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaomei Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the PRC, Beijing, China
| | - Haiping Shen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the PRC, Beijing, China
| | - Yiping Zhang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the PRC, Beijing, China
| | - Donghai Yan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the PRC, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Ma
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- National Human Genetic Resource Center, National Human Reproduction and Health Resource Center, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Salpini R, D’Anna S, Benedetti L, Piermatteo L, Gill U, Svicher V, Kennedy PTF. Hepatitis B virus DNA integration as a novel biomarker of hepatitis B virus-mediated pathogenetic properties and a barrier to the current strategies for hepatitis B virus cure. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:972687. [PMID: 36118192 PMCID: PMC9478028 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.972687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic infection with Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is a major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. HBV-DNA integration into the human genome is recognized as a frequent event occurring during the early phases of HBV infection and characterizing the entire course of HBV natural history. The development of refined molecular biology technologies sheds new light on the functional implications of HBV-DNA integration into the human genome, including its role in the progression of HBV-related pathogenesis and in triggering the establishment of pro-oncogenic mechanisms, promoting the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. The present review provides an updated and comprehensive overview of the current body of knowledge on HBV-DNA integration, focusing on the molecular mechanisms underlying HBV-DNA integration and its occurrence throughout the different phases characterizing the natural history of HBV infection. Furthermore, here we discuss the main clinical implications of HBV integration as a biomarker of HBV-related pathogenesis, particularly in reference to hepatocarcinogenesis, and how integration may act as a barrier to the achievement of HBV cure with current and novel antiviral therapies. Overall, a more refined insight into the mechanisms and functionality of HBV integration is paramount, since it can potentially inform the design of ad hoc diagnostic tools with the ability to reveal HBV integration events perturbating relevant intracellular pathways and for identifying novel therapeutic strategies targeting alterations directly related to HBV integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Salpini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Stefano D’Anna
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Livia Benedetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piermatteo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Upkar Gill
- Barts Liver Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Svicher
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- *Correspondence: Valentina Svicher,
| | - Patrick T. F. Kennedy
- Barts Liver Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Patrick T. F. Kennedy,
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Zhao K, Liu A, Xia Y. Insights into Hepatitis B Virus DNA Integration-55 Years after Virus Discovery. Innovation (N Y) 2020; 1:100034. [PMID: 34557710 PMCID: PMC8454683 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2020.100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV), which was discovered in 1965, is a threat to global public health. HBV infects human hepatocytes and leads to acute and chronic liver diseases, and there is no cure. In cells infected by HBV, viral DNA can be integrated into the cellular genome. HBV DNA integration is a complicated process during the HBV life cycle. Although HBV integration normally results in replication-incompetent transcripts, it can still act as a template for viral protein expression. Of note, it is a primary driver of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recently, with the development of detection methods and research models, the molecular biology and the pathogenicity of HBV DNA integration have been better revealed. Here, we review the advances in the research of HBV DNA integration, including molecular mechanisms, detection methods, research models, the effects on host and viral gene expression, the role of HBV integrations in the pathogenesis of HCC, and potential treatment strategies. Finally, we discuss possible future research prospects of HBV DNA integration. HBV DNA integration is associated with hepatocarcinogenesis via multiple mechanisms HBV double-stranded linear DNA (dslDNA) is the dominant substrate for integration into the host genome The insertion sites of HBV DNA integration occur throughout the whole host genome using the NHEJ or MMEJ DNA repair pathway HBV DNA integration should be used as a clinical indicator for disease monitoring and treatment of patients with HBV infection
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Kong Y, Ye F, Jin Y, Shi J, Qiu H, Lin S. Hepatitis b virus expression and replication in ovum and the influencing factors. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:215-9. [PMID: 27184640 PMCID: PMC4898091 DOI: 10.4103/1319-3767.182456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the factors that influence hepatitis B virus (HBV) expression and replication in the ovum. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques were used to assay the distributions of HBcAg, HBV DNA, and HBV mRNA in ovarian tissues and the ovum in 50 patients with chronic HBV infection. HBeAg and HBV DNA in the serum were also detected. Comparisons of categorical data were performed using McNemar test. RESULTS The positive rates of HBcAg, HBV DNA, and HBV mRNA in ovum and ovarian tissues of high replication group were significantly higher than low replication group (χ2 = 15.04, P< 0.05; χ2 = 12.96, P<0.05; χ2 = 19.36, P< 0.05; respectively). High positive rates of HBcAg, HBV DNA, and HBV mRNA in ovum and ovarian tissues were found in women with HBeAg-positive than HBeAg-negative (χ2 = 113.14,P< 0.05; χ2 = 11.13, P< 0.05; χ2 = 17.39, P< 0.05; respectively). CONCLUSION HBV can infect and replicate in the ovary and ovum. Maternal HBeAg status and HBV DNA levels are important influencing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Kong
- Department of Infectious Disease and Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Ye
- Department of Infectious Disease and Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Juanzi Shi
- Department of Reproductive Center, Shaanxi Maternal and Child Care Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongtao Qiu
- Department of Reproductive Center, Shaanxi Maternal and Child Care Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Shumei Lin
- Department of Infectious Disease and Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China,Address for correspondence: Prof. Shumei Lin, Department of Infectious Disease and Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an - 710061, China. E-mail:
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Analysis on the outcomes of hepatitis B virus perinatal vertical transmission: nested case-control study. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014; 26:1286-91. [PMID: 25171026 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000000189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a public health problem worldwide, with vertical transmission as the leading transmission route. Therefore, it is very important to explore the risk factors associating with HBV perinatal transmission, providing valuable information for preventive and curative means for HBV perinatal infections. In this study, we systematically investigated the impact of adverse outcomes of HBV maternal infection on fetal intrauterine infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS This is a nested case-control study that included 42 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive pregnant women. Gestational weeks, delivery modes, alanine aminotransferase levels, platelet counts, liver ultrasonography results as well as adverse pregnancy outcomes for the pregnant mothers and Apgar scores at both 1 and 5 min, birth weight, and height for the newborn infants were recorded. Vein blood from pregnant mothers and cord blood immediately after delivery were collected for the detection of HBsAg, antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), antibody to hepatitis B e antigen, hepatitis B core antigen, and HBV DNA. Placental tissues were collected for detection of HBV DNA. RESULTS Positive HBeAg as well as HBV DNA in the mother's serum were correlated closely with HBV intrauterine infection. Mother's age, delivery mode, alanine aminotransferase, blood platelet count, clinical HBV infection features, premature labor, gestational diabetes mellitus, pre-eclampsia, fetal growth retardation, fetal distress, Apgar scores of the infant as well as the HBV infection status of the placenta all failed to show a statistically significant correlation with intrauterine infection. CONCLUSION High level of HBV in maternal blood was one of the risk factors accounting for intrauterine infection.
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Mandelbrot L, Berrebi A, Rouzioux C, Partisani M, Faucher P, Tubiana R, Matheron S, Bujan L, Morlat P. [Reproductive options for people living with HIV: 2013 guidelines from the French expert working group]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 42:543-50. [PMID: 24969954 DOI: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2014.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The desire for children is a legitimate aspiration that should be part of multidisciplinary care for all men, women or couples living with HIV. The use of effective antiretroviral therapy has revolutionized the prevention of sexual, as well as mother-to-child HIV transmission. When the HIV plasma viral load is undetectable on long-term antiretroviral therapy, the risk of mother-to-child transmission is <1% and the risk of heterosexual HIV transmission without condom use in a stable relationship is very low (estimated at less than 1/10,000) in the absence of inflammation of the genital tract. In a man with a long-term undetectable viral load, viral shedding in semen is uncommon, but may occur persistently or intermittently. The same appears true of viral shedding in the vaginal tract of women. Reproductive options are: natural conception, self-insemination when the woman is HIV-infected, assisted reproduction. Natural conception is now considered to be an acceptable option when the conditions are met, after exploring four aspects: (1) virological (viral load undetectable sustained for at least 6 months on therapy), (2) genital (absence of genital infections or lesions), (3) fertility (after appropriate evaluation) and (4) detecting the ovulation period to limit intercourse without condoms. Assisted reproduction has two objectives in the context of HIV, to allow the couple to conceive without abandoning condom use and/or to treat infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Mandelbrot
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, CHU Louis-Mourier, AP-HP, université Denis-Diderot, 178, rue des Renouillers, 92700 Colombes, France.
| | - A Berrebi
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, CHU Paule-de-Viguier, 330, avenue de Grande-Bretagne, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - C Rouzioux
- Service de virologie, CHU Necker, AP-HP, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France
| | - M Partisani
- COREVIH, CHRU de Strasbourg, 1, place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - P Faucher
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, CHU Trousseau, AP-HP, 26, avenue du Dr-Arnold-Netter, 75012 Paris, France
| | - R Tubiana
- Infectiologie, CHU de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 13, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - S Matheron
- Service de maladies infectieuses, CHU Bichat, AP-HP, 46, rue Henri-Huchard, 75018 Paris, France
| | - L Bujan
- Service de biologie de la Reproduction, CHU de Toulouse, 330, avenue de la Grande Bretagne, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - P Morlat
- Service de médecine interne et des maladies infectieuses, CHU de Bordeaux, place Amélie-Raba-Léon, 33000 Bordeaux, France
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Raúl Sánchez G. Presente y futuro de la anología. REVISTA MÉDICA CLÍNICA LAS CONDES 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0716-8640(14)70005-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Chen H, Ge HS, Lv JQ, Wu XM, Xi HT, Huang JY, Zhu CF. Chronic hepatitis B virus infection in women is not associated with IVF/ICSI outcomes. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2013; 289:213-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-013-2975-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kuo HC, Wang TY, Hsu HH, Chen PP, Lee SH, Chen YM, Tsai TJ, Wang CK, Ku HT, Lee GB, Chen TY. Nervous necrosis virus replicates following the embryo development and dual infection with iridovirus at juvenile stage in grouper. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36183. [PMID: 22563447 PMCID: PMC3338570 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection of virus (such as nodavirus and iridovirus) and bacteria (such as Vibrio anguillarum) in farmed grouper has been widely reported and caused large economic losses to Taiwanese fish aquaculture industry since 1979. The multiplex assay was used to detect dual viral infection and showed that only nervous necrosis virus (NNV) can be detected till the end of experiments (100% mortality) once it appeared. In addition, iridovirus can be detected in a certain period of rearing. The results of real-time PCR and in situ PCR indicated that NNV, in fact, was not on the surface of the eggs but present in the embryo, which can continue to replicate during the embryo development. The virus may be vertically transmitted by packing into eggs during egg development (formation) or delivering into eggs by sperm during fertilization. The ozone treatment of eggs may fail to remove the virus, so a new strategy to prevent NNV is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Che Kuo
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Research Center of Ocean Environment and Technology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Agriculture Biotechnology Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Hsuan Hsu
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Agriculture Biotechnology Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Peng Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Hsien Lee
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Microsystems Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Young-Mao Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Research Center of Ocean Environment and Technology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Agriculture Biotechnology Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tieh-Jung Tsai
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Kai Wang
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Tung Ku
- Research Division I, Taiwan Institute of Economic Research, Taipei, Taiwan
- Office for Energy Strategy Development, National Science Council, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gwo-Bin Lee
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Microsystems Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (TYC); (GBL)
| | - Tzong-Yueh Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Research Center of Ocean Environment and Technology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Agriculture Biotechnology Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (TYC); (GBL)
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Chen LZ, Zhou WQ, Zhao SS, Liu ZY, Wen SW. A nested case-control study of maternal-neonatal transmission of hepatitis B virus in a Chinese population. World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17:3640-4. [PMID: 21987612 PMCID: PMC3180022 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i31.3640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2011] [Revised: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To examine the determinants of maternal-neonatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV).
METHODS: A nested case-control study was conducted in Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China from January 1, 2005 to September 31, 2006. To avoid potential maternal blood contamination, we collected vein blood of newborns immediately after birth and before initial hepatitis B vaccination to determine the HBV infection status of the newborn. For each HBsAg-positive infant, one HBsAg-negative infant born to an HBsAg-positive mother was matched by hospital at birth (same), gender (same), and date of birth (within 1 mo). A face-to-face interview was conducted to collect clinical and epidemiological data. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the independent effects of various determinants on maternal-neonatal transmission of HBV.
RESULTS: A total of 141 HBsAg-positive infants and 141 individually matched HBsAg-negative infants were included in the final analysis. Maternal first-degree family history of HBV infection, intrahepatic cholestasis, and premature rupture of membranes were risk factors for perinatal transmission of HBV, whereas systematic treatment and HBV immunoglobulin injections for mothers with HBV infection were protective factors for maternal-neonatal transmission of HBV, after adjustment for potential confounding factors.
CONCLUSION: For HBsAg-positive mothers, systematic treatment, HBV immunoglobulin administration, and controlling intrahepatic cholestasis and pregnancy complications may reduce the incidence of perinatal transmission of HBV.
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Hu XL, Zhou XP, Qian YL, Wu GY, Ye YH, Zhu YM. The presence and expression of the hepatitis B virus in human oocytes and embryos. Hum Reprod 2011; 26:1860-7. [PMID: 21489975 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/der103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to explore the potential for vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) from parents to offspring via human germ cells. METHODS For study samples, 250 oocytes from hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seropositive women and 578 embryos from couples with at least one HBsAg seropositive partner were collected. HBV DNA in the nuclei of oocytes and embryos was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization; HBsAg expression was analysed using immunofluorescence; and serum HBV DNA levels were measured by real-time PCR. The HBV infection duration of the women and the serum HBsAg status of their mothers were also examined. RESULTS HBV DNA was present in 9.6% (24/250) of oocytes and 14.4% (83/578) of embryos. Rates of HBV DNA positive embryos were similar among couples in which the woman, man or both partners were HBsAg seropositive, 13.1% (57/436), 21.3% (16/75) and 14.9% (10/67), respectively. Rates of positivity in oocytes and embryos were significantly higher in a group with high serum levels HBV DNA than in a group with lower serum levels (P= 0.004 and P= 0.002, respectively). Higher rates of oocyte positivity were found for women whose mothers were HBV infected compared with those with uninfected mothers. Expression of HBsAg was observed in 8.7% (2/28) oocytes and 14.1% (10/71) embryos (P= 0.34). CONCLUSIONS The presence of HBV DNA in human oocytes or embryos was related to the women's serum levels of HBV DNA and the infection status of their mothers. The HBV positive embryos were either maternally or paternally dependent. HBV infection may result in vertical transmission to the offspring via germ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Hu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
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Jin Y, Ye F, Shi J, Qiu H, Zhao Y, Lin S, Chen T, Liu M, He Y, Zhang S. Hepatitis B virus infection and replication in primary cultured human granulosa cells. Arch Virol 2010; 156:1-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-010-0808-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Lou H, Ding W, Dong M, Zhu Y, Zhou C, Wang Z, Yang X, Yao Q, Li D, Miao M. The Presence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen in the Ova of Pregnant Women and Its Relationship with Intra-Uterine Infection by Hepatitis B Virus. J Int Med Res 2010; 38:214-9. [PMID: 20233532 DOI: 10.1177/147323001003800125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been proposed to play an important role in mother-to-child transmission, although the extent to which vertical transmission via oocytes contributes to neonatal HBV infection remains unknown. Ovarian biopsies were collected during caesarean sections in 68 clinically asymptomatic pregnant women who were carriers of HBV. The presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the ova of pregnant women was determined by immunohistochemistry. Serum markers of HBV infection in pregnant women and their neonates were analysed. It was found that, of 68 women, the ova were positive for HBsAg in only one woman and her neonate was negative for any serum HBV markers 3 days after birth. Of 68 neonates, one was positive for serum HBV markers 3 days after birth and his mother's ova were negative for HBsAg. These findings indicate that vertical transmission via oocytes may not be the major route of HBV intra-uterine infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lou
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - W Ding
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - M Dong
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - C Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - X Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Q Yao
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - D Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - M Miao
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Lutgens SP, Nelissen EC, van Loo IH, Koek GH, Derhaag JG, Dunselman GA. To do or not to do: IVF and ICSI in chronic hepatitis B virus carriers. Hum Reprod 2009; 24:2676-8. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dep258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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16
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A sensitive and rapid assay for investigating vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus via male germ line using EGFP Vector as reporter. J Biomed Biotechnol 2008; 2008:495436. [PMID: 18670607 PMCID: PMC2486355 DOI: 10.1155/2008/495436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2008] [Accepted: 06/21/2008] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) constitutes a serious menace to man. DNA recombination and sequencing, interspecific in vitro fertilization, single-embryo PCR and RT-PCR were employed to establish a sensitive and rapid assay for exploring the vertical transmission of viruses via male germ line. Plasmid pIRES2-EGFP-HBs which expressed enhanced green fluorescent protein as reporter for the expression of hepatitis B virus S gene was successfully constructed and confirmed by PCR, EcoR I and Sal I digestion, and DNA sequencing. After exposure to the plasmid, human spermatozoa were used to fertilize with zona-free hamster ova. Two-cell embryos were collected and classified into group A with green fluorescence and group B without green fluorescence under fluorescence microscope. The results showed that HBs DNA positive bands were detected in the embryos with green fluorescence (PCR and RT-PCR) and positive control (PCR) indicating expression of pIRES2-EGFP-HBs, and not observed in the embryos without green fluorescence and negative controls (PCR and RT-PCR) indicating no pIRES2-EGFP-HBs in the cells. The advantages and application foreground of this assay for study on vertical transmission of viruses such as HCV, HIV, HPV, and SARS via germ line were discussed.
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17
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Zheng PY, Tang FA, Lu GF, Bai JX. Prevention of vertical transmission and treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2007; 15:1-6. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v15.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vertical transmission is the main path of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). According to the development history of embryo and the possible mechanism of vertical transmission, it's supposed that the effective method to prevent vertical transmission should be immunoprophylaxis in both mother and baby. Pregnant woman with positive HBsAg should receive monthly injection of 200 IU hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIg, or 400 IU once if HBV DNA is positive) from the 16th week after pregnancy (at from the 20th week). The newborn child should receive combined immunization (active/passive), namely injection of 200 IU HBIg within 24 hours (better within 6 hours) after birth, and one more repeat after 2 weeks. HBV vaccination should be carried out at the same time in order to acquire the best protection result. The treatment of CHB mainly depends on antiviral therapy, and systemic immunization may also contribute to the efficacy of antiviral drugs. A simple classification method of CHB was suggested according to serum HBV DNA level in this article, which could be easily used in clinical practice.
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18
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N/A, 魏 来. N/A. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2006; 14:743-746. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v14.i8.743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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