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Seyyedhamzeh H, Farajnia S, Kargar M, Baradaran B, Kafilzadeh F. The chimeric UreB, FliD and Omp18 proteins for a sensitive and specific diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infections. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2024; 16:357-365. [PMID: 39005599 PMCID: PMC11245343 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v16i3.15768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Helicobacter pylori is known as the main cause of gastrointestinal diseases including gastritis, gastric ulcer and stomach cancer. Serodiagnosis of H. pylori infection is a noninvasive and rapid method but the efficiency of this method is highly dependent to the antigens used. This study evaluated the efficacy of recombinant UreB-Omp18 and FliD for serodiagnosis of H. pylori infection. Materials and Methods The genes encoding for fliD, ureB, and omp18 was amplified by PCR and cloned into pET-22b and pET-28a vectors. The constructs were expressed in E. coli BL21 and purified by affinity chromatography. The antigenic properties and diagnostic potential of the recombinant proteins were analysed by immunoblotting and ELISA, respectively. Results The recombinant UreB-Omp18 and FliD with molecular weights of 48 kDa and 25 kDa were observed on SDS-PAGE and purified by the Ni-NTA column. The ELISA results showed that the sensitivity and specificity of recombinant UreB-Omp18 protein in serodiagnosis of H. pylori infection were 89% and 83%, respectively. Also, the sensitivity and specificity of the recombinant FliD protein were calculated to be 91% and 76%, respectively. Conclusion The results indicated that the recombinant UreB-Omp18 and FliD could diagnose H. pylori infection with high sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Seyyedhamzeh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Safar Farajnia
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kargar
- Department of Microbiology, Zand Institute of Higher Education, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farshid Kafilzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
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Martini C, Araba V, Beniani M, Armoa Ortiz P, Simmons M, Chalbi M, Mellouk A, El Bakkouri M, Calmettes C. Unraveling the crystal structure of the HpaA adhesin: insights into cell adhesion function and epitope localization of a Helicobacter pylori vaccine candidate. mBio 2024; 15:e0295223. [PMID: 38376163 PMCID: PMC10936181 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02952-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that exhibits strict host restriction to humans and non-human primates, and the bacterium is widely acknowledged as a significant etiological factor in the development of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancers. The pathogenic potential of this organism lies in its adeptness at colonizing the gastric mucosa, which is facilitated by a diverse repertoire of virulence factors, including adhesins that promote the attachment of the bacteria to the gastric epithelium. Among these adhesins, HpaA stands out due to its conserved nature and pivotal role in establishing H. pylori colonization. Moreover, this lipoprotein holds promise as an antigen for the development of effective H. pylori vaccines, thus attracting considerable attention for in-depth investigations into its molecular function and identification of binding determinants. Here, we present the elucidation of the crystallographic structure of HpaA at 2.9 Å resolution. The folding adopts an elongated protein shape, which is distinctive to the Helicobacteraceae family, and features an apical domain extension that plays a critical role in the cell-adhesion activity on gastric epithelial cells. Our study also demonstrates the ability of HpaA to induce TNF-α expression in macrophages, highlighting a novel role as an immunoregulatory effector promoting the pro-inflammatory response in vitro. These findings not only contribute to a deeper comprehension of the multifaceted role of HpaA in H. pylori pathogenesis but also establish a fundamental basis for the design and development of structure-based derivatives, aimed at enhancing the efficacy of H. pylori vaccines. IMPORTANCE Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that can cause chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancers. The bacterium adheres to the lining of the stomach using proteins called adhesins. One of these proteins, HpaA, is particularly important for H. pylori colonization and is considered a promising vaccine candidate against H. pylori infections. In this work, we determined the atomic structure of HpaA, identifying a characteristic protein fold to the Helicobacter family and delineating specific amino acids that are crucial to support the attachment to the gastric cells. Additionally, we discovered that HpaA can trigger the production of TNF-α, a proinflammatory molecule, in macrophages. These findings provide valuable insights into how H. pylori causes disease and suggest that HpaA has a dual role in both attachment and immune activation. This knowledge could contribute to the development of improved vaccine strategies for preventing H. pylori infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrielle Martini
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut Pasteur International Network, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Victoria Araba
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut Pasteur International Network, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Meriem Beniani
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut Pasteur International Network, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Paula Armoa Ortiz
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut Pasteur International Network, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Mimi Simmons
- National Research Council of Canada (NRC), Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mariem Chalbi
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut Pasteur International Network, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Abdelkader Mellouk
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut Pasteur International Network, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Majida El Bakkouri
- National Research Council of Canada (NRC), Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Charles Calmettes
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut Pasteur International Network, Laval, Québec, Canada
- PROTEO, the Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Structure, and Engineering, Québec city, Québec, Canada
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Yunle K, Tong W, Jiyang L, Guojun W. Advances in Helicobacter pylori vaccine research: From candidate antigens to adjuvants-A review. Helicobacter 2024; 29:e13034. [PMID: 37971157 DOI: 10.1111/hel.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacterium that infects approximately 50% of the world's population and has been strongly associated with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastric mucosa-associated lymphoma, and gastric cancer. The elimination of H. pylori is currently considered one of the most effective strategies for the treatment of gastric-related diseases, so antibiotic therapy is the most commonly used regimen for the treatment of H. pylori infection. Although this therapy has some positive effects, antibiotic resistance has become another clinically prominent problem. Therefore, the development of a safe and efficient vaccine has become an important measure to prevent H. pylori infection. METHODS PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov were systematically searched from January 1980 to March 2023 with search terms-H. pylori vaccine, adjuvants, immunization, pathogenesis, and H. pylori eradication in the title and/or abstract of literature. A total of 5182 documents were obtained. Based on the principles of academic reliability, authority, nearly publicated, and excluded the similar documents, finally, 75 documents were selected, organized, and analyzed. RESULTS Most of the candidate antigens used as H. pylori vaccines in these literatures are whole-cell antigens and virulence antigens such as UreB, VacA, CagA, and HspA, and the main types of vaccines for H. pylori are whole bacteria vaccines, vector vaccines, subunit vaccines, nucleic acid vaccines, epitope vaccines, etc. Some vaccines have shown good immune protection in animal trials; however, few vaccines show good in clinical trials. The only H. pylori vaccine passed phase 3 clinical trial is a recombinant subunit vaccine using Urease subunit B (UreB) as the vaccine antigen, and it shows good prophylactic effects. Meanwhile, the adjuvant system for vaccines against this bacterium has been developed considerably. In addition to the traditional mucosal adjuvants such as cholera toxin (CT) and E. coli heat labile enterotoxin (LT), there are also promising safer and more effective mucosal adjuvants. All these advances made safe and effective H. pylori vaccines come into service as early as possible. CONCLUSIONS This review briefly summarized the advances of H. pylori vaccines from two aspects, candidates of antigens and adjuvants, to provide references for the development of vaccine against this bacterium. We also present our prospects of exosomal vaccines in H. pylori vaccine research, in the hope of inspiring future researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang Yunle
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wu Tong
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liu Jiyang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wu Guojun
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Jafari E, Mahmoodi S. Design, expression, and purification of a multi-epitope vaccine against Helicobacter Pylori based on Melittin as an adjuvant. Microb Pathog 2021; 157:104970. [PMID: 34022362 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter Pylori, a Gram-negative bacterium in the human stomach, causes adenocarcinoma and MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) lymphoma in addition to infection and gastric ulcer. With regard to Helicobacter Pylori prevalence rate and widespread, producing an effective vaccine against this bacterium appears reasonable and necessary. Today, vaccine design by immunoinformatics is a promising solution in vaccine field. In the present study, potential immunodominant CD4⁺ T cell epitopes of UreB, HpaA, and NapA antigens were selected with a focus on IFN-γ secretion inducing ability. After joining the selected epitopes with KK and GPGPG linkers, sequence of Melittin, the major active protein of honey bee venom, was put in C-terminal by DPRVPSS linker as adjuvant. After reverse translation and codon optimization, the designed vaccine was cloned into pET-23a vector. The final construct was estimated as antigenic (71 & 74%) and non-allergenic with molecular weight of 36.785KD. The instability index (II) and codon frequency distribution were predicted to be 26.5 and 92%, respectively. The pET-23a vector transformed to the E.coli BL21 (DE3) strain. The evaluation of expression by SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the optimized expression is in SOB medium 8 h after induction by 0.5 mM IPTG. Finally, purification was performed by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography and Western blot analysis validated the purified protein. Future research is needed to investigate the designed vaccine efficiency against H. pylori, and also it's potential as a gastric cancer-preventive candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Jafari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Shirin Mahmoodi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
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Xue RY, Guo MF, Guo L, Liu C, Li S, Luo J, Nie L, Ji L, Ma CJ, Chen DQ, Sun S, Jin Z, Zou QM, Li HB. Synthetic Lipopeptide Enhances Protective Immunity Against Helicobacter pylori Infection. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1372. [PMID: 31258538 PMCID: PMC6587705 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Over fifty percent of the people around the world is infected with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), which is the main cause of gastric diseases such as chronic gastritis and stomach cancer. H. pylori adhesin A (HpaA), which is a surface-located lipoprotein, is essential for bacterial colonization in the gastric mucosa. HpaA had been proposed to be a promising vaccine candidate against H. pylori infection. However, the effect of non-lipidated recombinant HpaA (rHpaA) to stimulate immune response was not very ideal, and the protective effect against H. pylori infection was also limited. Here, we hypothesized that low immunogenicity of rHpaA may attribute to lacking the immunostimulatory properties endowed by the lipid moiety. In this study, two novel lipopeptides, LP1 and LP2, which mimic the terminal structure of the native HpaA (nHpaA), were synthesized and TLR2 activation activity was confirmed in vitro. To investigate whether two novel lipopeptides could improve the protective effect of rHpaA against the infection of H. pylori, groups of mice were immunized either intramuscularly or intranasally with rHpaA together with LP1 or LP2. Compared with rHpaA alone, the bacterial colonization of the mice immunized with rHpaA plus LP2 via intranasal route was significantly decreased and the expression levels of serum IgG2a, IFN-γ, and IL-17 cytokines in spleen lymphocyte culture supernatant increased obviously, indicating that the enhanced protection of LP2 may be associated with elevated specific Th1 and Th17 responses. In conclusion, LP2 has been shown to improve the protective effect of rHpaA against H. pylori infection, which may be closely related to its ability in activating TLR2 by mimicking the terminal structure of nHpaA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Yi Xue
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mu-Fei Guo
- Chongqing Nankai Secondary School, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Chongqing Technical Center for Drug Evaluation and Certification, Chongqing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sun Li
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiao Luo
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Nie
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Ji
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cong-Jia Ma
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Da-Qun Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Si Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhe Jin
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Quan-Ming Zou
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hai-Bo Li
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Antigenicity Identification of a Novel Recombinant Multi-Epitope Antigen Based on FlaA and UreB Antigens of Helicobacter pylori. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.66502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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7
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Yang WC, Sun HW, Sun HQ, Yuan HM, Li B, Li HB, Hu J, Yang Y, Zou QM, Guo H, Wu C, Chen L. Intranasal immunization with immunodominant epitope peptides derived from HpaA conjugated with CpG adjuvant protected mice against Helicobacter pylori infection. Vaccine 2018; 36:6301-6306. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Multiplex serology of Helicobacter pylori antigens in detection of current infection and atrophic gastritis - A simple and cost-efficient method. Microb Pathog 2018; 119:137-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Li Q, Liu J, Gong Y, Yuan Y. Serum VacA antibody is associated with risks of peptic ulcer and gastric cancer: A meta-analysis. Microb Pathog 2016; 99:220-228. [PMID: 27568203 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2016.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing studies have investigated the relationship between the status of H. pylori vacA antibody and risks of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastric cancer (GC). However, the results were controversial. The aim of this meta-analysis is to clarify whether serum vacA antibody is associated with risks of PUD and GC. METHODS Databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of knowledge, Wanfang, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), OVID, Karger and Scopus were systematically searched for potentially eligible literature. Odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence interval (CI) were adopted to assess the strength of association. RESULTS Serum VacA antibody was associated with increased risk of PUD compared with gastritis/functional dyspepsia (FD) (OR = 1.96, 95%CI = 1.56-2.46, P < 0.001). Serum VacA antibody was significantly associated with increased risk of gastric ulcer (GU) and duodenal ulcer (DU) compared with gastritis/FD (GU: OR = 1.64, 95%CI = 1.02-2.62, P = 0.042; DU: OR = 2.06, 95%CI = 1.50-2.84, P < 0.001, respectively). Significant increased risk of GC was found in serum VacA antibody positive subjects compared with serum VacA antibody negative individuals (OR = 2.78, 95%CI = 1.98-3.89, P < 0.001). There was no significant publication bias in all of the comparisons. CONCLUSIONS Serum VacA antibody was significantly associated with increased risks of peptic ulcer disease, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer compared with gastritis and functional dyspepsia controls. Significant association was also found between serum VacA antibody and gastric cancer risk. Serum VacA antibody might be a potential biomarker for the prediction of risks of PUD and GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuping Li
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Jingwei Liu
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yuehua Gong
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, China.
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Talebkhan Y, Doozbakhshan M, Saberi S, Esmaeili M, Karami N, Mohajerani N, Abdirad A, Eshagh Hosseini M, Nahvijou A, Mohagheghi MA, Mohammadi M. Serum Antibodies against Helicobacter pylori Neutrophil Activating Protein in Carriers of IL-4 C-590T Genetic Polymorphism Amplify the Risk of Gastritis and Gastric Cancer. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2016; 21:321-9. [PMID: 27677314 PMCID: PMC5548964 DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.ibj.21.5.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer arises, mainly, on an inflammatory background. Helicobacter pylori neutrophil activating (HP-NAP) protein functions as a potent pro-inflammatory mediator. Similarly, IL-4 plays a critical role in the inflammation pathway, the levels of which are altered by C to T transition at position -590 in its promoter region. Here, we have aimed to assess the risk of gastritis and gastric cancer in the co-presence of these two inflammation modulating mediators. METHODS Gastritis (n=58) and gastric cancer (n=31) patients were evaluated and compared with H. pylori-positive asymptomatic controls (n=46), for serum antibodies against recombinant HP-NAP and IL-4 C-590T single nucleotide polymorphism using immunoblotting and PCR-RFLP, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for age, gender and ethnicity, was used for data analysis. RESULTS In terms of susceptibility to gastritis, seropositivity to HP-NAP projected a risk impact of 4.62 fold (OR=4.62, 95% CI=1.50-14.22), which when present in IL-4 -590 T carriers augmented the risk up to 9.7 fold (OR=9.70, 95% CI=2.06-45.69). A similar pattern, but of a stronger magnitude, occurred for the risk of gastric cancer, which was estimated at 9.07 fold (OR=9.07, 95% CI=1.99-42.0) for HP-NAP-seropositive subjects and was drastically amplified (OR=33.64, 95% CI=2.06-548.68), when double-positive (HP-NAP seropositive/IL-4 -590 T carrier) subjects were examined against double negatives (HP-NAP seronegative/IL-4 -590 CC). CONCLUSION Our preliminary data indicate that serum antibodies against HP-NAP represent a state of risk, which is further exacerbated in IL-4 -590 T carriers. These biomarkers, if validated in larger prospective studies, can be used to screen for gastric cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeganeh Talebkhan
- HPGC Group, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Doozbakhshan
- HPGC Group, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Saberi
- HPGC Group, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Esmaeili
- HPGC Group, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Najmeh Karami
- HPGC Group, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Mohajerani
- HPGC Group, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Abdirad
- Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Eshagh Hosseini
- Department of Gastroenterology, Amiralam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azin Nahvijou
- Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Marjan Mohammadi
- HPGC Group, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Khalilpour A, Kazemzadeh-Narbat M, Tamayol A, Oklu R, Khademhosseini A. Biomarkers and diagnostic tools for detection of Helicobacter pylori. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:4723-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7495-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Khalilpour A, Osman S, Yunus MH, Santhanam A, Vellasamy N, Noordin R. Helicobacter pylori recombinant UreG protein: cloning, expression, and assessment of its seroreactivity. BMC Res Notes 2014; 7:809. [PMID: 25406411 PMCID: PMC4246484 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori is a human pathogen and during the process of infection, antigens from the bacterium elicit strong host humoral immune responses. In our previous report, native H. pylori UreG protein showed good reactivity with sera from H. pylori patients. This study was aimed at producing the recombinant form of the protein (rUreG) and determining its seroreactivities. Methods The coding sequence of H. pylori UreG was cloned and the recombinant protein expressed and purified by affinity chromatography using nickel nitrilotriacetic acid (Ni-NTA) resin. The antigenicity of rUreG to detect H. pylori specific antibodies was determined by western blot, using HRP-conjugated anti-human IgG and IgA antibodies as probes. A total of 70 sera, comprising 30 positive and 40 control serum samples, were used. The positive sera were from culture-positive H. pylori-infected patients with duodenal ulcers, gastric ulcers, or gastritis. The control sera comprised three types of samples without detectable H. pylori antibodies, i.e. healthy individuals (with no history of gastric disorders) (n = 10); patients who attended an endoscopy clinic (because of gastrointestinal complaints) but were H. pylori culture negative (n = 20); and people with other diseases (n = 10). Additionally, hyperimmune mice serum against rUreG was raised and tested with the native and recombinant UreG protein. Results The ureG gene fragment was successfully cloned and expressed in both soluble and insoluble forms. Western blots on rUreG protein showed 70% (21/30) and 60% (18/30) reactivity with patients’ sera when probed with HRP-conjugated anti-human IgG and IgA antibodies, respectively; and the combination of the IgG and IgA western blots showed reactivity of 83.3% (25/30). By comparison, 97.5% and 92.5% of the control sera showed no reactivity when probed with HRP-conjugated anti-human IgG and IgA antibodies, respectively. Both the H. pylori lysate antigen and rUreG protein displayed a distinctive band at the expected molecular weight when probed with the hyperimmune mice serum. Conclusion The rUreG protein was successfully cloned and expressed and showed good reactivity with H. pylori culture-positive patients’ sera and no reactivity with most control sera. Thus, the diagnostic potential of this recombinant protein merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rahmah Noordin
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
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Huang X, Xu B, Duan G, Song C. The rOmp22-HpaA fusion protein confers protective immunity against helicobacter pylori in mice. Curr Microbiol 2013; 67:487-92. [PMID: 23715666 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-013-0390-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) plays an essential role in the development of various gastroduodenal diseases; however, no vaccines preventing H. pylori infection have been available now. This study was to evaluate the protective effect of rOmp22-HpaA fusion protein against H. pylori infection in mouse model and to screen the candidate to be used in the development of an oral vaccine against H. pylori. rOmp22, rHpaA, rOmp22+rHpaA, and rOmp22-HpaA groups were used to immunize mice with mLT63 as adjuvant by intragastric route, respectively, four times at 1-week intervals. Two weeks after last immunization, all of the animals were orally challenged with H. pylori NCTC11637 and then were killed after another 2 weeks. The mice gastric tissue of all groups was separated to detect the presence of infection by urease tests, to culture H. pylori, and to observe the histological characteristics. The protective effect against H. pylori challenge in mice immunized with rOmp22-HpaA fusion protein and mLT63 adjuvant was significantly higher than PBS and mLT63 control groups (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was detected among rOmp22, rHpaA, rOmp22+rHpaA, and rOmp22-HpaA groups (P > 0.05). rOmp22-HpaA fusion protein retained immunogenicity and could be used as an antigen candidate in the development of an oral vaccine against H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyong Huang
- Henan Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Zhengzhou, China.
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14
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Chen L, Li B, Yang WC, He JL, Li NY, Hu J, He YF, Yu S, Zhao Z, Luo P, Zhang JY, Li HB, Zeng M, Lu DS, Li BS, Guo H, Yang SM, Guo G, Mao XH, Chen W, Wu C, Zou QM. A dominant CD4(+) T-cell response to Helicobacter pylori reduces risk for gastric disease in humans. Gastroenterology 2013; 144:591-600. [PMID: 23232294 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Revised: 11/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Immunodominance is an important feature of antiviral, antitumor, and antibacterial cellular immune responses, but it is not well demonstrated in the immune responses against Helicobacter pylori. Antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells protect mice against infection with H pylori. We investigated the immunodominant CD4(+) T-cell response to neuraminyllactose-binding hemagglutinin (HpaA), which is a conserved, H pylori-specific colonization factor that is being investigated as an antigen for vaccination strategies. METHODS HpaA-specific CD4(+) T cells were expanded with autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells that had been incubated with recombinant HpaA and characterized using overlapping synthetic peptides. We compared the percentage of CD4(+) T cells with specificity for HpaA(88-100), restricted to HLA-DRB1*1501, among 59 H pylori-infected subjects with different gastric diseases. RESULTS We identified and characterized several immunodominant CD4(+) T-cell epitopes derived from HpaA. The immunodominant CD4(+) T-cell responses specific to HpaA(88-100) were observed in most H pylori-infected individuals who expressed HLA-DRB1*1501 and were significantly more abundant in patients with less severe diseases (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS The HLA-DRB1*1501-restricted immunodominant CD4(+) T-cell response to HpaA(88-100) is associated with reduced risk of severe gastric diseases. Further study of these and other immunodominant CD4(+) T-cell responses to H pylori will provide insight into mechanisms of protective immunity and aid in vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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15
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Malekshahi ZV, Gargari SLM, Rasooli I, Ebrahimizadeh W. Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in mice with oral administration of egg yolk-driven anti-UreC immunoglobulin. Microb Pathog 2011; 51:366-72. [PMID: 21803146 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2011.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Revised: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori, the causative agent of gastritis and gastric ulcer, plays a crucial role in development of gastric carcinomas. Antibiotic therapy fails in almost 20% of cases due to development of antibiotic resistance. Development of antibodies against specific H. pylori targets could have significant therapeutic effect. In the present research attempts have been made to study the effect of IgY purified from egg yolk of hens immunized with recombinant UreC in treatment of mice infected with H. pylori. MATERIALS AND METHODS Purified IgY-HpUc was used in two forms: powdered and PBS dissolved. 10(9) bacteria in BHI were orally administered to C57BL6/j mice three times on alternate day intervals. Eight weeks after the last inoculation, the serum was assayed for infection rate by ELISA. The severity of gastritis was analyzed histopathologically. Infected mice were randomly divided into three groups. Groups one and two were treated with dietary IgY-HpUc and IgY-HpUc dissolved in PBS respectively for 28 days. The untreated group served as control. RESULTS Serology and histopathology confirmed the establishment of the infection. Indirect ELISA results in the treated animals showed considerable reduction of H. pylori specific antibodies in their sera. Pathological examination of gastric mucosa of infected mice treated with IgY-HpUc showed considerable reduction of inflammation in the stomach tissues. The bacterial presence on mucosal layer of the stomach was considerably reduced. CONCLUSIONS UreC-induced IgY is specifically successful in inhibition of H. pylori infection and could be an alternative to antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziba V Malekshahi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Flach CF, Svensson N, Blomquist M, Ekman A, Raghavan S, Holmgren J. A truncated form of HpaA is a promising antigen for use in a vaccine against Helicobacter pylori. Vaccine 2011; 29:1235-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.11.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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17
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Bernarde C, Lehours P, Lasserre JP, Castroviejo M, Bonneu M, Mégraud F, Ménard A. Complexomics study of two Helicobacter pylori strains of two pathological origins: potential targets for vaccine development and new insight in bacteria metabolism. Mol Cell Proteomics 2010; 9:2796-826. [PMID: 20610778 PMCID: PMC3101863 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m110.001065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection plays a causal role in the development of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma (LG-MALT) and duodenal ulcer (DU). Although many virulence factors have been associated with DU, many questions remain unanswered regarding the evolution of the infection toward this exceptional event, LG-MALT. The present study describes and compares the complexome of two H. pylori strains, strain J99 associated with DU and strain B38 associated with LG-MALT, using the two-dimensional blue native/SDS-PAGE method. It was possible to identify 90 different complexes (49 and 41 in the B38 and J99 strains, respectively); 12 of these complexes were common to both strains (seven and five in the membrane and cytoplasm, respectively), reflecting the variability of H. pylori strains. The 44 membrane complexes included numerous outer membrane proteins, such as the major adhesins BabA and SabA retrieved from a complex in the B38 strain, and also proteins from the hor family rarely studied. BabA and BabB adhesins were found to interact independently with HopM/N in the B38 and J99 strains, respectively. The 46 cytosolic complexes essentially comprised proteins involved in H. pylori physiology. Some orphan proteins were retrieved from heterooligomeric complexes, and a function could be proposed for a number of them via the identification of their partners, such as JHP0119, which may be involved in the flagellar function. Overall, this study gave new insights into the membrane and cytoplasm structure, and those which could help in the design of molecules for vaccine and/or antimicrobial agent development are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Bernarde
- From ‡INSERM U853, 33076 Bordeaux, France and
- §Laboratoire de Bactériologie
| | - Philippe Lehours
- From ‡INSERM U853, 33076 Bordeaux, France and
- §Laboratoire de Bactériologie
| | - Jean-Paul Lasserre
- From ‡INSERM U853, 33076 Bordeaux, France and
- §Laboratoire de Bactériologie
| | - Michel Castroviejo
- ‖Laboratoire de Microbiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire et Pathogénicité, UMR CNRS 5234, and
| | - Marc Bonneu
- **Pôle Protéomique, Plateforme Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, F 33076 France
| | - Francis Mégraud
- From ‡INSERM U853, 33076 Bordeaux, France and
- §Laboratoire de Bactériologie
| | - Armelle Ménard
- From ‡INSERM U853, 33076 Bordeaux, France and
- §Laboratoire de Bactériologie
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18
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Biswas A, Wang T, Biris AS. Single metal nanoparticle spectroscopy: optical characterization of individual nanosystems for biomedical applications. NANOSCALE 2010; 2:1560-1572. [PMID: 20661516 DOI: 10.1039/c0nr00133c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The last decade has witnessed the development of a variety of single nanoparticle spectroscopy methods. This has facilitated unprecedented growth of knowledge and understanding of fascinating optical properties of individual metal nanoparticles. This has opened up exciting possibilities of single nanoparticles for applications in many areas including advanced photonics, biomedical imaging and sensing. The field of single nanoparticles detection and characterization is still growing. This paper reviews recent advances in single nanoparticles spectroscopy using both near-field and far-field optics. It covers spectroscopy methods for extremely small (approximately 1 nm) to relatively large nanoparticles (approximately 200 nm) and their optical properties. Different optical techniques are described. Finally, a perspective on possible practical applications of single nanoparticle spectroscopy focusing on biomedical fields is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Biswas
- Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NDnano), Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
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19
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Lienlaf M, Morales JP, Díaz MI, Díaz R, Bruce E, Siegel F, León G, Harris PR, Venegas A. Helicobacter pylori HopE and HopV porins present scarce expression among clinical isolates. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16:320-9. [PMID: 20082477 PMCID: PMC2807952 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i3.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2009] [Revised: 11/11/2009] [Accepted: 11/18/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate how widely Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) HopE and HopV porins are expressed among Chilean isolates and how seroprevalent they are among infected patients in Chile. METHODS H. pylori hopE and hopV genes derived from strain CHCTX-1 were cloned by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequenced and expressed in Escherichia coli AD494 (DE3). Gel-purified porins were used to prepare polyclonal antibodies. The presence of both genes was tested by PCR in a collection of H. pylori clinical isolates and their expression was detected in lysates by immunoblotting. Immune responses against HopE, HopV and other H. pylori antigens in sera from infected and non-infected patients were tested by Western blotting using these sera as first antibody on recombinant H. pylori antigens. RESULTS PCR and Western blotting assays revealed that 60 and 82 out of 130 Chilean isolates carried hopE and hopV genes, respectively, but only 16 and 9, respectively, expressed these porins. IgG serum immunoreactivity evaluation of 69 H. pylori-infected patients revealed that HopE and HopV were infrequently recognized (8.7% and 10.1% respectively) compared to H. pylori VacA (68.1%) and CagA (59.5%) antigens. Similar values were detected for IgA serum immunoreactivity against HopE (11.6%) and HopV (10.5%) although lower values for VacA (42%) and CagA (17.4%) were obtained when compared to the IgG response. CONCLUSION A scarce expression of HopE and HopV among Chilean isolates was found, in agreement with the infrequent seroconversion against these antigens when tested in infected Chilean patients.
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20
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Guze K, Short M, Sonis S, Karimbux N, Chan J, Zeng H. Parameters defining the potential applicability of Raman spectroscopy as a diagnostic tool for oral disease. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2009; 14:014016. [PMID: 19256704 DOI: 10.1117/1.3076195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy can provide information about the molecular composition of tissues, with potential to be applied as a diagnostic tool in lieu of histopathology. Our objectives are to determine if laser Raman spectra (RS) can be acquired reliably from the oral mucosa of patients, and to determine if the RS signature of normal oral mucosa is reproducible among anatomic oral sites and among subjects of different races and gender. 25 Caucasian and 26 Asian subjects are studied using RS with a signal acquisition time of 1 s at seven specified sites within the mouth. Multivariate analysis is used to determine the variability between tissue types and between races and gender. Unique spectra are defined for various sites in the mouth and are likely related to the degree of keratinization. However, spectral concordance by site is not greatly influenced by subject ethnicity or gender. We demonstrate, for the first time, the potential in-vivo application of RS for oral mucosal disease and demonstrate its specificity for particular mucosal types in the mouth. RS offers the potential to provide a diagnosis of disease using a noninvasive, convenient, sensitive technology that provides immediate results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Guze
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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21
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Abstract
Helicobacter pylori, a Gram-negative flagellate bacterium that infects the stomach of more than half of the global population, is regarded as the leading cause of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and even gastric adenocarcinoma in some individuals. Although the bacterium induces strong humoral and cellular immune responses, it can persist in the host for decades. It has several virulence factors, some of them having vaccine potential as judged by immunoproteomic analysis. A few vaccination studies involving a small number of infected or uninfected humans with various H. pylori formulations such as the recombinant urease, killed whole cells, and live Salmonella vectors presenting the subunit antigens have not provided satisfactory results. One trial that used the recombinant H. pylori urease coadministered with native Escherichia coli enterotoxin (LT) demonstrated a reduction of H. pylori load in infected participants. Although extensive studies in the mouse model have demonstrated the feasibility of both therapeutic and prophylactic immunizations, the mechanism of vaccine-induced protection is poorly understood as several factors such as immunoglobulin and various cytokines do not contribute to protection. Transcriptome analyses in mice have indicated the role of nonclassical immune factors in vaccine-induced protection. The role of regulatory T cells in the persistence of H. pylori infection has also been suggested. A recently developed experimental H. pylori infection model in humans may be used for testing several new adjuvants and vaccine delivery systems that have been currently obtained. The use of vaccines with appropriate immunogens, routes of immunization, and adjuvants along with a better understanding of the mechanism of immune protection may provide more favorable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahjahan Kabir
- Academic Research and Information Management, Uppsala, Sweden.
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22
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Ghose C, Perez-Perez GI, Torres VJ, Crosatti M, Nomura A, Peek RM, Cover TL, Francois F, Blaser MJ. Serological assays for identification of human gastric colonization by Helicobacter pylori strains expressing VacA m1 or m2. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2007; 14:442-50. [PMID: 17267587 PMCID: PMC1865612 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00434-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The Helicobacter pylori vacA gene encodes a secreted protein (VacA) that alters the function of gastric epithelial cells and T lymphocytes. H. pylori strains containing particular vacA alleles are associated with differential risk of disease. Because the VacA midregion may exist as one of two major types, m1 or m2, serologic responses may potentially be used to differentiate between patients colonized with vacA m1- or vacA m2-positive H. pylori strains. In this study, we examined the utility of specific antigens from the m regions of VacA as allele-specific diagnostic antigens. We report that serological responses to P44M1, an H. pylori m1-specific antigen, are observed predominantly in patients colonized with m1-positive strains, whereas responses to VacA m2 antigens, P48M2 and P55M2, are observed in patients colonized with either m1- or m2-positive strains. In an Asian-American population, serologic responses to VacA m region-specific antigens were not able to predict the risk of development of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrabali Ghose
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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23
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Nyström J, Svennerholm AM. Oral immunization with HpaA affords therapeutic protective immunity against H. pylori that is reflected by specific mucosal immune responses. Vaccine 2006; 25:2591-8. [PMID: 17239498 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2006] [Revised: 11/28/2006] [Accepted: 12/12/2006] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we evaluated the capacity of Helicobacter pylori adhesin A (HpaA), a H. pylori specific colonization factor, to induce therapeutic protection against H. pylori infection in mice. We found that oral immunization of H. pylori infected mice with HpaA induced protection, i.e. significant reduction in bacterial load in the stomach. This was even more pronounced when a combination of HpaA and urease was used. The protection was strongly related to specific mucosal CD4+ T cell responses with a Th1 profile as well as to mucosal IgA responses locally in the stomach. These findings suggest that HpaA is a promising vaccine candidate antigen for use in a therapeutic vaccine against H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Nyström
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy of Göteborg University, Box 435, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
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24
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Ye CL, Yang ZB, Huang W, Mao XQ, Zhang SL, Huang J. Preparation of egg yolk immunoglubin against recombinant vacuolating cytotoxin A- Helicobacter pylori adhesin A in Helicobacter pylori. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2006; 14:2186-2191. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v14.i22.2186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To prepare a highly specific and efficient egg yolk immunoglubin (IgY) against recombinant vacuolating cytotoxin A-Helicobacter pylori adhesin A (VacA-HpaA) from the yolk of hen's eggs.
METHODS: Recombinant bacteria of pQE30-VacA-HpaA-DH5α was cultured in large numbers to get VacA-HpaA fusion protein. The recombinant protein was purified by Ni2+-NTA column chromatography and used to immunize the hens. The VacA-HpaA IgY was extracted from the yolk of hen's eggs by water-dilution methods. In order to evaluate the relationship between IgY titer and immune time, the titer of IgY was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). IgY was purified and concentrated by deposition technique with ammonium sulfate. The purity of IgY was analyzed by SDS-PAGE, and protein content of IgY was checked by Bradford method. The specificities of VacA-HpaA IgY to the antigens of VacA and HpaA were identified by Western blotting.
RESULTS: The recombinant protein was mainly expressed as inclusion body. The content of fusion protein was 0.72 g/L. VacA-HpaA IgY from eggs' yolk of hens immunized with the fusion protein could react with the fusion protein. The titer of VacA-HpaA IgY was increased with the immune time. After purification and concentration, the purity of VacA-HpaA IgY was about 60%; the titer was 1∶128 000; And the concentration of IgY was 22 g/L. Western blot exhibited the protein bands with molecular weight of 27 000 and 30 `000. The titer of VacA-HpaA IgY to VacA and HpaA were 1∶3200 and 1∶6400 (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: VacA-HpaA-IgY with high concentration, purity, and specificity is successfully prepared.
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Carlsohn E, Nyström J, Bölin I, Nilsson CL, Svennerholm AM. HpaA is essential for Helicobacter pylori colonization in mice. Infect Immun 2006; 74:920-6. [PMID: 16428735 PMCID: PMC1360314 DOI: 10.1128/iai.74.2.920-926.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with the human gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori can give rise to chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. All H. pylori strains express the surface-localized protein HpaA, a promising candidate for a vaccine against H. pylori infection. To study the physiological importance of HpaA, a mutation of the hpaA gene was introduced into a mouse-adapted H. pylori strain. To justify that the interruption of the hpaA gene did not cause any polar effects of downstream genes or was associated with a second site mutation, the protein expression patterns of the mutant and wild-type strains were characterized by two different proteomic approaches. Two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis analysis of whole-cell extracts and subcellular fractionation combined with nano-liquid chromatography-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry for outer membrane protein profiling revealed only minor differences in the protein profile between the mutant and the wild-type strains. Therefore, the mutant strain was tested for its colonizing ability in a well-established mouse model. While inoculation with the wild-type strain resulted in heavily H. pylori-infected mice, the HpaA mutant strain was not able to establish colonization. Thus, by combining proteomic analysis and in vivo studies, we conclude that HpaA is essential for the colonization of H. pylori in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Carlsohn
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Göteborg University, Box 440, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
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Abstract
Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-18, IFN-gamma, and IL-1beta play a significant role in the inflammation induced by Helicobacter. During the recent years of H. pylori research, the main focus has been on development of vaccines for therapeutic or prophylactic use against the infection. Both bacterial components of H. pylori as well as engineered vaccines have been tested as well as different forms of administration including systemic and oral/intranasal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Permin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark.
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