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Timmaraju VA, Finkelstein SD, Levine JA. Analytical Validation of Loss of Heterozygosity and Mutation Detection in Pancreatic Fine-Needle Aspirates by Capillary Electrophoresis and Sanger Sequencing. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:514. [PMID: 38472986 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14050514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cystic disease, including duct dilation, represents precursor states towards the development of pancreatic cancer, a form of malignancy with relatively low incidence but high mortality. While most of these cysts (>85%) are benign, the remainder can progress over time, leading to malignant transformation, invasion, and metastasis. Cytologic diagnosis is challenging, limited by the paucity or complete absence of cells representative of cystic lesions and fibrosis. Molecular analysis of fluids collected from endoscopic-guided fine-needle aspiration of pancreatic cysts and dilated duct lesions can be used to evaluate the risk of progression to malignancy. The basis for the enhanced diagnostic utility of molecular approaches is the ability to interrogate cell-free nucleic acid of the cyst/duct and/or extracellular fluid. The allelic imbalances at tumor suppressor loci and the selective oncogenic drivers are used clinically to help differentiate benign stable pancreatic cysts from those progressing toward high-grade dysplasia. Methods are discussed and used to determine the efficacy for diagnostic implementation. Here, we report the analytical validation of methods to detect causally associated molecular changes integral to the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer from pancreatic cyst fluids.
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Cai HQ, Zhang LY, Fu LM, Xu B, Jiao Y. Mutational landscape of TP53 and CDH1 in gastric cancer. World J Gastrointest Surg 2024; 16:276-283. [PMID: 38463349 PMCID: PMC10921187 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v16.i2.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In this editorial we comment on an article published in a recent issue of the World J Gastrointest Surg. A common gene mutation in gastric cancer (GC) is the TP53 mutation. As a tumor suppressor gene, TP53 is implicated in more than half of all tumor occurrences. TP53 gene mutations in GC tissue may be related with clinical pathological aspects. The TP53 mutation arose late in the progression of GC and aided in the final switch to malignancy. CDH1 encodes E-cadherin, which is involved in cell-to-cell adhesion, epithelial structure maintenance, cell polarity, differentiation, and intracellular signaling pathway modulation. CDH1 mutations and functional loss can result in diffuse GC, and CDH1 mutations can serve as independent prognostic indicators for poor prognosis. GC patients can benefit from genetic counseling and testing for CDH1 mutations. Demethylation therapy may assist to postpone the onset and progression of GC. The investigation of TP53 and CDH1 gene mutations in GC allows for the investigation of the relationship between these two gene mutations, as well as providing some basis for evaluating the prognosis of GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Qiao Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Li-Yue Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Li-Ming Fu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yan Jiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
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Li Y, Mo N, Yang D, Lin Q, Huang W, Wang R. Predictive value of DNA methylation in the efficacy of chemotherapy for gastric cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1238310. [PMID: 37771430 PMCID: PMC10523571 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1238310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death. Drug resistance in chemotherapy often occurs in patients with GC, leading to tumor recurrence and poor survival. DNA methylation is closely related to the development of cancer. Methods To investigate the role of DNA methylation in chemotherapy resistance in GC patients, we conducted a comprehensive analysis using DNA methylation data and survival information obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Univariate Cox analysis was performed to screen for differential DNA methylation of chemotherapy response in patients who did and did not receive chemotherapy. Multivariate Cox analysis was then performed to identify the independent prognostic genes. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were used to explore the biological function of the signature genes. Results Patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for GC survived longer. 308 differentially methylated genes were demonstrated to be associated with prognosis. Six genes were optimally chosed for establisehing the risk model, including C6orf222, CCNL1, CREBZF, GCKR, TFCP2, and VIPR2. It was constructed based on the DNA methylation levels of these six genes: risk score = 0.47123374*C6orf222 + 9.53554803*CCNL1 + 10.40234138* CREBZF + 0.07611856* GCKR + 18.87661557*TFCP2 - 0.46396254* VIPR2. According to the risk score, patients receiving chemotherapy were divided into high- and low-risk groups, and the prognosis of the two groups was compared. The high-risk group had a shorter survival; however, this association was not present in patients without chemotherapy. The accuracy and predictive efficacy of the risk score in predicting the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival of patients was evaluated with the receiver operating characteristic curve. In patients receiving chemotherapy, the area under the curve of the risk score for 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival was 0.841, 0.72, and 0.734, respectively. In patients who did not receive chemotherapy, the area under the curve was 0.406, 0.585, and 0.585, respectively. A nomogram model was constructed based on the risk score and clinical indicators. The model showed good consistency in the predicted probabilities and actual probabilities. Gene Ontology functional enrichment of these candidate methylated genes showed the following molecular functions: RNA binding, protein binding, mRNA binding, and nucleic acid binding; that they were mediated mainly through the following cell components: nuclear speck, nucleoplasm, nucleus, catalytic step 2 spliceosome, and the transcription factor AP-1 complex; and that they were involved in the following biological processes: mRNA processing, mRNA splicing, and RNA polymerase II promoter transcription. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment results revealed that the signaling pathways mainly enriched were transcriptional misregulation in cancer, spliceosome, and the IL-17 signaling pathway. Conclusion Our work identifies a six DNA methylated expression signature as a promising biomarker of chemo-resistance in GC, which provides new insights into the development of new strategies to overcome chemo-resistance in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ning Mo
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - QiuLu Lin
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - WenFeng Huang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Rensheng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Naghashpour M, Dayer D, Karami H, Naghashpour M, Moghadam MT, Haeri SMJ, Suzuki K. Evaluating the Magnolol Anticancer Potential in MKN-45 Gastric Cancer Cells. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020286. [PMID: 36837487 PMCID: PMC9963572 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Combination therapy improves the effect of chemotherapy on tumor cells. Magnolol, used in treating gastrointestinal disorders, has been shown to have anti-cancer properties. We investigated the synergistic effect of cisplatin and magnolol on the viability and maintenance of MKN-45 gastric cancer cells. Materials and Methods: The toxicity of magnolol and/or cisplatin was determined using the MTT technique. The trypan blue method was used to test magnolol and/or cisplatin's effect on MKN-45 cell growth. Crystal violet staining was used to assess the treated cells' tendency for colony formation. The expression of genes linked to apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and cell migration was examined using the qPCR method. Results: According to MTT data, using magnolol and/or cisplatin significantly reduced cell viability. The ability of the treated cells to proliferate and form colonies was also reduced considerably. Magnolol and/or cisplatin treatment resulted in a considerable elevation in Bax expression. However, the level of Bcl2 expression was dramatically reduced. p21 and p53 expression levels were significantly increased in the treated cells, while MMP-9 expression was significantly reduced. Conclusions: These findings show that magnolol has a remarkable anti-tumor effect on MKN-45 cells. In combination with cisplatin, magnolol may be utilized to overcome cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Naghashpour
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak 38481-7-6341, Iran
| | - Dian Dayer
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran
| | - Hadi Karami
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak 38481-7-6341, Iran
| | - Mahshid Naghashpour
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan 6313833177, Iran
| | - Mahin Taheri Moghadam
- Department of Anatomical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15753, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Jafar Haeri
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak 38481-7-6341, Iran
- Correspondence: (S.M.J.H.); (K.S.); Tel.: +98-9123276391 (S.M.J.H.)
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan
- Correspondence: (S.M.J.H.); (K.S.); Tel.: +98-9123276391 (S.M.J.H.)
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Wen J, Deng S, Bi Y, Qiao L, Xu H. Association between multiple gene promoter hypermethylation and the risk of gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Dig Liver Dis 2023; 55:40-45. [PMID: 35450814 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have demonstrated an association between multiple gene hypermethylation and gastric cancer. However, the intrinsic mechanisms remain elusive and highly debatable. To this end, our study aims to investigate the correlation between the methylation status of multiple gene promoters and gastric cancer. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, WanFang, Cqvip, and Cochrane Library were queried from inception to May 2021, and the relationship between the methylation status of the CpG islands and gastric cancer risk was systematically assessed under the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The incidence of DNA methylation between tumor and non-tumor tissues was compared, and the clinicopathological significance of DNA methylation in gastric carcinoma was further evaluated. The odds ratio (OR) was estimated with a 95% confidence interval (CI), and forest plots were generated using the fixed-effects or random-effects model. RESULTS In total, 201 studies were enrolled, and a higher frequency of CpG islands methylation was identified in gastric cancer tissues than in non-neoplastic tissues. This suggests that aberrant polygene methylation might be associated with the initial onset and progression of gastric cancer. CONCLUSION This study sheds light on the significance of polygene methylation status in gastric cancer. The DNA methylation of these genes may serve as underlying epigenetic biomarkers, providing a promising molecular diagnostic approach for human gastric cancer clinical diagnosis. More large randomized trials are needed to confirm the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- JianRu Wen
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - SiXiu Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, China; College of Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - YuHua Bi
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - LiJuan Qiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Hui Xu
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, China.
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Li X, Abdel-Maksoud MA, Iqbal I, Mubarak A, Farrag MA, Haris M, Alghamdi S, Ain QU, Almekhlafi S. Deciphering cervical cancer-associated biomarkers by integrated multi-omics approach. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:8843-8861. [PMID: 36628250 PMCID: PMC9827308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma (CESC) is one of the most fatal female malignancies, and the underlying molecular mechanisms governing this disease have not been fully explored. In this research, we planned to conduct the analysis of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cervical squamous cell carcinoma microarray datasets by a detailed in silico approach and to explore some novel biomarkers of CESC. METHODS The top commonly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the GSE138080 and GSE113942 datasets were analyzed by Limma package-based GEO2R tool. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the DEGs was drawn through Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING), and top 6 hub genes were obtained from Cytoscape. Expression analysis and validation of hub genes expression in CESC samples and cell lines were done using UALCAN, OncoDB, GENT2, and HPA. Additionally, cBioPortal, Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) tool, Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter, ShinyGO, and DGIdb databases were also used to check some important values of hub genes in CESC. RESULTS Out of 79 DEGs, the minichromosome maintenance complex component 4 (MCM4), nucleolar and spindle-associated protein 1 (NUSAP1), cell division cycle associated 5 (CDCA5), cell division cycle 45 (CDC45), denticleless E3 ubiquitin protein ligase homolog (DTL), and chromatin licensing and DNA replication factor 1 (CDT1) genes were regarded as hub genes in CESC. Further analysis revealed that the expressions of all these hub genes were significantly elevated in CESC cell lines and samples of diverse clinical attributes. In this study, we also documented some important correlations between hub genes and some other diverse measures, including DNA methylation, genetic alterations, and Overall Survival (OS). Last, we also identify hub genes associated ceRNA network and 31 important chemotherapeutic drugs. CONCLUSION Through detailed in silico methodology, we identified 6 hub genes, including MCM4, NUSAP1, CDCA5, CDC45, DTL, and CDT1, which are likely to be associated with CESC development and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhong Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Eighth People’s HospitalShanghai, China
| | - Mostafa A Abdel-Maksoud
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud UniversityP.O. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iqra Iqbal
- Azra Naheed Medical CollegeLahore, Pakistan
| | - Ayman Mubarak
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud UniversityP.O. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Farrag
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud UniversityP.O. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Haris
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical UniversityPeshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sumaiah Alghamdi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud UniversityP.O. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qurat Ul Ain
- Anhui Provincial Hospital, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology ChinaHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Sally Almekhlafi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud UniversityP.O. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Kabbage M, Ben Aissa-Haj J, Othman H, Jaballah-Gabteni A, Laarayedh S, Elouej S, Medhioub M, Kettiti HT, Khsiba A, Mahmoudi M, BelFekih H, Maaloul A, Touinsi H, Hamzaoui L, Chelbi E, Abdelhak S, Boubaker MS, Azzouz MM. A Rare MSH2 Variant as a Candidate Marker for Lynch Syndrome II Screening in Tunisia: A Case of Diffuse Gastric Carcinoma. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081355. [PMID: 36011265 PMCID: PMC9407052 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Several syndromic forms of digestive cancers are known to predispose to early-onset gastric tumors such as Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer (HDGC) and Lynch Syndrome (LS). LSII is an extracolonic cancer syndrome characterized by a tumor spectrum including gastric cancer (GC). In the current work, our main aim was to identify the mutational spectrum underlying the genetic predisposition to diffuse gastric tumors occurring in a Tunisian family suspected of both HDGC and LS II syndromes. We selected the index case “JI-021”, which was a woman diagnosed with a Diffuse Gastric Carcinoma and fulfilling the international guidelines for both HDGC and LSII syndromes. For DNA repair, a custom panel targeting 87 candidate genes recovering the four DNA repair pathways was used. Structural bioinformatics analysis was conducted to predict the effect of the revealed variants on the functional properties of the proteins. DNA repair genes panel screening identified two variants: a rare MSH2 c.728G>A classified as a variant with uncertain significance (VUS) and a novel FANCD2 variant c.1879G>T. The structural prediction model of the MSH2 variant and electrostatic potential calculation showed for the first time that MSH2 c.728G>A is likely pathogenic and is involved in the MSH2-MLH1 complex stability. It appears to affect the MSH2-MLH1 complex as well as DNA-complex stability. The c.1879G>T FANCD2 variant was predicted to destabilize the protein structure. Our results showed that the MSH2 p.R243Q variant is likely pathogenic and is involved in the MSH2-MLH1 complex stability, and molecular modeling analysis highlights a putative impact on the binding with MLH1 by disrupting the electrostatic potential, suggesting the revision of its status from VUS to likely pathogenic. This variant seems to be a shared variant in the Mediterranean region. These findings emphasize the importance of testing DNA repair genes for patients diagnosed with diffuse GC with suspicion of LSII and colorectal cancer allowing better clinical surveillance for more personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kabbage
- Department of Human and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (J.B.A.-H.); (A.J.-G.); (S.L.); (H.T.K.); (A.M.); (M.S.B.)
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis EL Manar University, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (M.M.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (H.B.); (L.H.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (M.M.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jihenne Ben Aissa-Haj
- Department of Human and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (J.B.A.-H.); (A.J.-G.); (S.L.); (H.T.K.); (A.M.); (M.S.B.)
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis EL Manar University, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (M.M.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (H.B.); (L.H.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Houcemeddine Othman
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa;
| | - Amira Jaballah-Gabteni
- Department of Human and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (J.B.A.-H.); (A.J.-G.); (S.L.); (H.T.K.); (A.M.); (M.S.B.)
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis EL Manar University, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (M.M.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (H.B.); (L.H.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Sarra Laarayedh
- Department of Human and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (J.B.A.-H.); (A.J.-G.); (S.L.); (H.T.K.); (A.M.); (M.S.B.)
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis EL Manar University, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (M.M.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (H.B.); (L.H.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Sahar Elouej
- Marseille Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, INSERM, 13007 Marseille, France;
| | - Mouna Medhioub
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis EL Manar University, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (M.M.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (H.B.); (L.H.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (M.M.A.)
- Gastroenterology Department, Mohamed Tahar Maamouri Hospital, Nabeul 8000, Tunisia
| | - Haifa Tounsi Kettiti
- Department of Human and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (J.B.A.-H.); (A.J.-G.); (S.L.); (H.T.K.); (A.M.); (M.S.B.)
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis EL Manar University, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (M.M.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (H.B.); (L.H.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Amal Khsiba
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis EL Manar University, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (M.M.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (H.B.); (L.H.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (M.M.A.)
- Gastroenterology Department, Mohamed Tahar Maamouri Hospital, Nabeul 8000, Tunisia
| | - Moufida Mahmoudi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis EL Manar University, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (M.M.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (H.B.); (L.H.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (M.M.A.)
- Gastroenterology Department, Mohamed Tahar Maamouri Hospital, Nabeul 8000, Tunisia
| | - Houda BelFekih
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis EL Manar University, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (M.M.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (H.B.); (L.H.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (M.M.A.)
- Department of Oncology, Mohamed Tahar Maamouri Hospital, Nabeul 8000, Tunisia
| | - Afifa Maaloul
- Department of Human and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (J.B.A.-H.); (A.J.-G.); (S.L.); (H.T.K.); (A.M.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Hassen Touinsi
- Department of Surgery, Mohamed Tahar Maamouri Hospital, Nabeul 8000, Tunisia;
| | - Lamine Hamzaoui
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis EL Manar University, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (M.M.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (H.B.); (L.H.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (M.M.A.)
- Gastroenterology Department, Mohamed Tahar Maamouri Hospital, Nabeul 8000, Tunisia
| | - Emna Chelbi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis EL Manar University, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (M.M.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (H.B.); (L.H.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (M.M.A.)
- Department of Pathology, Mohamed Tahar Maamouri Hospital, Nabeul 8000, Tunisia
| | - Sonia Abdelhak
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis EL Manar University, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (M.M.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (H.B.); (L.H.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Mohamed Samir Boubaker
- Department of Human and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (J.B.A.-H.); (A.J.-G.); (S.L.); (H.T.K.); (A.M.); (M.S.B.)
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis EL Manar University, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (M.M.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (H.B.); (L.H.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Mohamed Mousaddak Azzouz
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis EL Manar University, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (M.M.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (H.B.); (L.H.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (M.M.A.)
- Gastroenterology Department, Mohamed Tahar Maamouri Hospital, Nabeul 8000, Tunisia
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The HIF-1α as a Potent Inducer of the Hallmarks in Gastric Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112711. [PMID: 35681691 PMCID: PMC9179860 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Gastric cancer is one of the most aggressive tumors in the clinic that is resistant to chemotherapy. Gastric tumors are rich in hypoxic niches, and high expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α is associated with poor prognosis. Therefore, strategies that target hypoxia-inducible factor-1α signaling may be highly effective in gastric cancer treatment. However, the precise mechanisms by which hypoxia-inducible factor-1α induces tumor hallmarks in gastric cancer are yet unrevealed. Here, we review the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α as a potent inducer of the cancer hallmarks in gastric cancer to provide a broad perspective and reveal missing links investigating which may offer new strategies to target hypoxia-inducible factor-1α signaling in gastric cancer. Abstract Hypoxia is the principal architect of the topographic heterogeneity in tumors. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) reinforces all hallmarks of cancer and donates cancer cells with more aggressive characteristics at hypoxic niches. HIF-1α potently induces sustained growth factor signaling, angiogenesis, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and replicative immortality. Hypoxia leads to the selection of cancer cells that evade growth suppressors or apoptotic triggers and deregulates cellular energetics. HIF-1α is also associated with genetic instability, tumor-promoting inflammation, and escape from immunity. Therefore, HIF-1α may be an important therapeutic target in cancer. Despite that, the drug market lacks safe and efficacious anti-HIF-1α molecules, raising the quest for fully unveiling the complex interactome of HIF-1α in cancer to discover more effective strategies. The knowledge gap is even wider in gastric cancer, where the number of studies on hypoxia is relatively low compared to other well-dissected cancers. A comprehensive review of the molecular mechanisms by which HIF-1α induces gastric cancer hallmarks could provide a broad perspective to the investigators and reveal missing links to explore in future studies. Thus, here we review the impact of HIF-1α on the cancer hallmarks with a specific focus on gastric cancer.
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Xu G, Fan L, Zhao S, OuYang C. Neuronal pentraxin II (NPTX2) hypermethylation promotes cell proliferation but inhibits cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in gastric cancer cells by suppressing the p53 signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2021; 12:1311-1323. [PMID: 33896384 PMCID: PMC8806217 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1915658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a considerable health burden worldwide. DNA methylation, a major epigenetic phenomenon, is closely related to the pathogenesis of cancer. Neuronal pentraxin II (NPTX2) has been found to be hypermethylated in several cancers such as glioblastoma and pancreatic cancer. However, the roles of NPTX2 in gastric cancer have not been reported. To explore this issue, NPTX2 expression in gastric cancer cells was assessed by western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The methylation analysis of NPTX2 was performed by qRT-PCR as well as methylation-specific PCR (MS-PCR). The effects of NPTX2 on gastric cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by colony formation, CCK-8 and flow cytometry assays, respectively. The interaction of NPTX2 with the p53 signaling pathway was evaluated by western blot. Our study found the down-regulated expression of NPTX2 in gastric cancer cells compared with human gastric mucosal cells. In addition, the hypermethylation of NPTX2 was observed in gastric cancer cells, which was correlated with the low expression of NPTX2. Moreover, NPTX2 inhibited gastric cancer cell proliferation, inhibited apoptosis and induced cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, NPTX2 enhanced the protein expression of p53, p21 and PTEN to activate the p53 signaling pathway. Therefore, NPTX2 hypermethylation caused the downregulation of NPTX2 expression, which could promote cell proliferation, inhibit apoptosis and cause cell cycle arrest in gastric cancer cells by suppressing the p53 signaling pathway. Therefore, NPTX2 may be crucial for the progression of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Linfeng Fan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shufeng Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Canhui OuYang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, China
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Fahed D, Chettab A, Mathe D, Denis M, Traverse-Glehen A, Karlin L, Perrial E, Dumontet C. Netrin-1 expression and targeting in multiple myeloma. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 63:395-403. [PMID: 34585999 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1984459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) and uncoordinated-5 (UNC5) receptors, play a key role in tumor progression of several solid tumors by inducing apoptosis when unbound to their ligand netrin-1. Netrin 1 is currently being evaluated as a therapeutic target. These receptors, known as dependence receptors, and their ligands, have not yet been extensively explored in hematological malignancies. Here, we performed a screening of various human myeloma cell lines and bone marrow samples from multiple myeloma patients for netrin-1 and its receptors to determine the expression of netrin 1 and its receptors in multiple myeloma as well as to assess the potential anti-myeloma activity of a novel anti-netrin-1 treatment (NP137). Our results showed heterogeneous expression of netrin-1 and its receptors DCC and UNC5H2(B) in six human myeloma lines. Additionally, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry showed expression of these molecules in a majority of myeloma patient samples. In vitro NP137 did not induce apoptosis of myeloma cell lines yet enhanced the cytotoxicity of bortezomib and dexamethasone. In vivo, NP137 treatment of SCID mice with established RPMI8226 myeloma tumors led to a reduction of tumor size compared to controls. Ex vivo, NP137 lowered the plasma cells percentage in bone marrow aspirates in a fraction of the patient samples analyzed. These results suggest that netrin signaling could constitute a novel therapeutic target in multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Fahed
- Anticancer Antibodies Team, CRCL, CNRS UMR5286, CLB, UCBL, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Emeline Perrial
- Anticancer Antibodies Team, CRCL, CNRS UMR5286, CLB, UCBL, Lyon, France
| | - Charles Dumontet
- Anticancer Antibodies Team, CRCL, CNRS UMR5286, CLB, UCBL, Lyon, France.,Antineo, Lyon, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Li S, Han F, Qi N, Wen L, Li J, Feng C, Wang Q. Determination of a six-gene prognostic model for cervical cancer based on WGCNA combined with LASSO and Cox-PH analysis. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:277. [PMID: 34530829 PMCID: PMC8447612 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02384-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to establish a risk model of hub genes to evaluate the prognosis of patients with cervical cancer. METHODS Based on TCGA and GTEx databases, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened and then analyzed using GO and KEGG analyses. The weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA) was then used to perform modular analysis of DEGs. Univariate Cox regression analysis combined with LASSO and Cox-pH was used to select the prognostic genes. Then, multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to screen the hub genes. The risk model was established based on hub genes and evaluated by risk curve, survival state, Kaplan-Meier curve, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS We screened 1265 DEGs between cervical cancer and normal samples, of which 620 were downregulated and 645 were upregulated. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that most of the upregulated genes were related to the metastasis of cancer cells, while the downregulated genes mostly acted on the cell cycle. Then, WGCNA mined six modules (red, blue, green, brown, yellow, and gray), and the brown module with the most DEGs and related to multiple cancers was selected for the follow-up study. Eight genes were identified by univariate Cox regression analysis combined with the LASSO Cox-pH model. Then, six hub genes (SLC25A5, ENO1, ANLN, RIBC2, PTTG1, and MCM5) were screened by multivariate Cox regression analysis, and SLC25A5, ANLN, RIBC2, and PTTG1 could be used as independent prognostic factors. Finally, we determined that the risk model established by the six hub genes was effective and stable. CONCLUSIONS This study supplies the prognostic value of the risk model and the new promising targets for the cervical cancer treatment, and their biological functions need to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Li
- Department of Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, PR China
| | - Fengjuan Han
- Department of Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, PR China.
| | - Na Qi
- Department of Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, PR China
| | - Liyang Wen
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, PR China
| | - Cong Feng
- Department of Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, PR China
| | - Qingling Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Nanshan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Shenzhen, P.R. China.
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MicroRNA-1297 inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis in gastric cancer cells by downregulating CDC6 expression. Anticancer Drugs 2020; 30:803-811. [PMID: 31419217 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC), one of the most common malignant tumors and the second most common leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, is a biologically heterogeneous disease accompanied by various genetic and epigenetic alterations. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this disease are complex and not completely understood. Increasing studies have shown that aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression is associated with GC tumorigenesis and growth. MiR-1297 has been confirmed to be a cancer suppressor in diverse tumors in humans. However, to date, the function and mechanism of miR-1297 in GC have not been determined. Here, we found that the expression of miR-1297 was significantly reduced in GC tissues or GC cell lines compared with paracarcinoma normal tissue or normal cell lines. Exogenic overexpression of miR-1297 in GC cell lines can inhibit cell proliferation and colony formation and induce apoptosis, and inhibition of miR-1297 in GC cell lines can promote cell proliferation and colony formation, and reduce apoptosis in vitro. We further confirmed that miR-1297 acted as a tumor suppressor through targeting cell division control protein 6 (CDC6) in GC. Moreover, the inverse relationship between miR-1297 and CDC6 was verified in GC cell lines. Our results indicated that miR-1297 is a potent tumor suppressor in GC, and its antiproliferative and gene-regulatory effects are, in part, mediated through its downstream target gene, CDC6. These findings implied that miR-1297 might be used as a novel therapeutic target of GC.
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Zhang G, Li L, Bi J, Wu Y, Li E. Targeting DNA and mutant p53 by a naphthalimide derivative, NA20, exhibits selective inhibition in gastric tumorigenesis by blocking mutant p53-EGFR signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 887:173584. [PMID: 32950500 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mutations of p53 in cancer cells not only subvert its antiproliferative properties but can also promote various oncogenic responses through a gain-of-function activity. Pharmacological manipulation of the mutant p53 pathway by specific compounds could be an effective strategy for cancer therapy. We show here that gain-of-function p53 mutation in gastric cancer cells promotes tumorigenesis by enhancing p53-EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) signaling pathway, and such process can be blocked by small molecule NA20, a naphthalimide derivative that exhibited selective inhibition in p53 mutant gastric cancer cell lines. We found that targeting DNA and blocking the mutant p53-drived carcinogenicity accounted for the primary antitumor effect of NA20 in gastric tumor models. NA20 bound to DNA and p53 identified by a combination of drug tracking, DNA relaxation assay and coimmunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry (CoIP-MS) detection, which led to the p21 activation and the suppression of EGFR signal cascading, thereby evoking cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis, finally leading to cancer cell inhibition both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, these results suggest that NA20 may be a potential candidate for gastric cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.
| | - Liangping Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Jingai Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiming Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Erguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Hasan S. An Overview of Promising Biomarkers in Cancer Screening and Detection. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 20:831-852. [PMID: 32838718 DOI: 10.2174/1568009620666200824102418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Applications of biomarkers have been proved in oncology screening, diagnosis, predicting response to treatment as well as monitoring the progress of the disease. Considering the crucial role played by them during different disease stages, it is extremely important to evaluate, validate, and assess them to incorporate them into routine clinical care. In this review, the role of few most promising and successfully used biomarkers in cancer detection, i.e. PD-L1, E-Cadherin, TP53, Exosomes, cfDNA, EGFR, mTOR with regard to their structure, mode of action, and reports signifying their pathological significance, are addressed. Also, an overview of some successfully used biomarkers for cancer medicine has been presented. The study also summarizes biomarker-driven personalized cancer therapy i.e., approved targets and indications, as per the US FDA. The review also highlights the increasingly prominent role of biomarkers in drug development at all stages, with particular reference to clinical trials. The increasing utility of biomarkers in clinical trials is clearly evident from the trend shown, wherein ~55 percent of all oncology clinical trials in 2019 were seen to involve biomarkers, as opposed to ~ 15 percent in 2001, which clearly proves the essence and applicability of biomarkers for synergizing clinical information with tumor progression. Still, there are significant challenges in the implementation of these possibilities with strong evidence in cost-- effective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Hasan
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India
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Ebrahimi V, Soleimanian A, Ebrahimi T, Azargun R, Yazdani P, Eyvazi S, Tarhriz V. Epigenetic modifications in gastric cancer: Focus on DNA methylation. Gene 2020; 742:144577. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Bonelli P, Borrelli A, Tuccillo FM, Silvestro L, Palaia R, Buonaguro FM. Precision medicine in gastric cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2019; 11:804-829. [PMID: 31662821 PMCID: PMC6815928 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v11.i10.804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a complex disease linked to a series of environmental factors and unhealthy lifestyle habits, and especially to genetic alterations. GC represents the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Its onset is subtle, and the majority of patients are diagnosed once the cancer is already advanced. In recent years, there have been innovations in the management of advanced GC including the introduction of new classifications based on its molecular characteristics. Thanks to new technologies such as next-generation sequencing and microarray, the Cancer Genome Atlas and Asian Cancer Research Group classifications have also paved the way for precision medicine in GC, making it possible to integrate diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Among the objectives of the subdivision of GC into subtypes is to select patients in whom molecular targeted drugs can achieve the best results; many lines of research have been initiated to this end. After phase III clinical trials, trastuzumab, anti-Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (commonly known as ERBB2) and ramucirumab, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (commonly known as VEGFR2) monoclonal antibodies, were approved and introduced into first- and second-line therapies for patients with advanced/metastatic GC. However, the heterogeneity of this neoplasia makes the practical application of such approaches difficult. Unfortunately, scientific progress has not been matched by progress in clinical practice in terms of significant improvements in prognosis. Survival continues to be low in contrast to the reduction in deaths from many common cancers such as colorectal, lung, breast, and prostate cancers. Although several target molecules have been identified on which targeted drugs can act and novel products have been introduced into experimental therapeutic protocols, the overall approach to treating advanced stage GC has not substantially changed. Currently, surgical resection with adjuvant or neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the most effective treatments for this disease. Future research should not underestimate the heterogeneity of GC when developing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies aimed toward improving patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Bonelli
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS - Fondazione G Pascale, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Antonella Borrelli
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS - Fondazione G Pascale, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Franca Maria Tuccillo
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS - Fondazione G Pascale, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Silvestro
- Abdominal Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS - Fondazione G Pascale, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Raffaele Palaia
- Gastro-pancreatic Surgery Division, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS - Fondazione G Pascale, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Franco Maria Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS - Fondazione G Pascale, Napoli 80131, Italy
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Guan Y, Wang Y, Bhandari A, Xia E, Wang O. IGSF1: A novel oncogene regulates the thyroid cancer progression. Cell Biochem Funct 2019; 37:516-524. [PMID: 31343762 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer has been continuously increasing and extraordinarily prevalent worldwide. The genetic diagnosis has been widely used in fine needle aspiration. IGSF1, an immunoglobulin superfamily member 1, has been shown to be associated with the regulation of thyroid hormone. But the function of IGSF1 in thyroid cancer has not been explored yet. In this article, we will illuminate the correlation between IGSF1 expression and thyroid cancer. We analysed the level of IGSF1 expression in 55 pairs of tissue samples by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data portal. After that, we transfected small interfering RNA to silence IGSF1 in thyroid cancer cell lines (KTC-1 and BCPAP) and confirmed the function of IGSF1 by performed colony formation, migration, invasion, cell counting kit-8, and apoptosis assays. IGSF1 was upregulated in thyroid cancer tissues compared with the adjacent normal tissues (t = 5.783, df = 54; P < .0001) and TCGA (T: N = 65.91 ± 3.998, n = 501: 2.824 ± 0.273, n = 58; P < .0001). In thyroid cell lines, experiments showed that downregulated IGSF1 inhibited proliferation, metastasis, and promoted cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, inhibited IGSF1 expression could downregulate N-cadherin, vimentin, and EZH2, which is associated with metastasis. Thyroid cancer cells IGSF1 expression levels are a correlation with its ability to growth, metastasis, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Guan
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghao Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Adheesh Bhandari
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Erjie Xia
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ouchen Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
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Sokolova O, Naumann M. Crosstalk Between DNA Damage and Inflammation in the Multiple Steps of Gastric Carcinogenesis. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2019; 421:107-137. [PMID: 31123887 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-15138-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Over the last years, intensive investigations in molecular biology and cell physiology extended tremendously the knowledge about the association of inflammation and cancer. In frame of this paradigm, the human pathogen Helicobacter pylori triggers gastritis and gastric ulcer disease, and contributes to the development of gastric cancer. Mechanisms, by which the bacteria-induced inflammation in gastric mucosa leads to intestinal metaplasia and carcinoma, are represented in this review. An altered cell-signaling response and increased production of free radicals by epithelial and immune cells account for the accumulation of DNA damage in gastric mucosa, if infection stays untreated. Host genetics and environmental factors, especially diet, can accelerate the process, which offers the opportunity of intervention based on a balanced nutrition. It is supposed that inflammation might influence stem- or progenitor cells in gastric tissue predisposing for metaplasia or tumor relapse. Herein, DNA is strongly mutated and labile, which restricts therapy options. Thus, the understanding of the mechanisms that underlie gastric carcinogenesis will be of preeminent importance for the development of strategies for screening and early detection. As most gastric cancer patients face late-stage disease with a poor overall survival, the development of multi-targeted therapeutic intervention strategies is a major challenge for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Sokolova
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Michael Naumann
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
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Liu J, Qi YB. Activation of LXRβ inhibits proliferation, promotes apoptosis, and increases chemosensitivity of gastric cancer cells by upregulating the expression of ATF4. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:14336-14347. [PMID: 31210377 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recently, great advances have been achieved in both surgery and chemotherapy for the treatment of gastric cancer, but there is still poor prognosis for this disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of liver X receptor β (LXRβ) in chemosensitivity of gastric cancer SGC7901 cells. From 171 patients with gastric cancer, the gastric cancer and paracancerous tissues were selected to measure the expression of LXRβ and ATF4. Gastric cancer cell lines were cultured and screened to figure out the proliferation and apoptosis of gastric cancer SGC7901 cells with the treatment of LXRβ agonist (GW3965), ATF4 short hairpin RNA (shRNA), and chemotherapy drug paclitaxel. The expression of apoptosis-related gene cleaved caspase-3 was detected by Western blot analysis. First, we found that the expressions of LXRβ and ATF4 in gastric cancer tissues and cells were significantly lower than those in their paracancerous tissues and gastric mucosal epithelial cells. In addition, activation of LXRβ and paclitaxel treatment suppressed proliferation of SGC7901 cells, and the expression of ATF4 was upregulated in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, shRNA significantly inhibited the expression of ATF4 and blocked the chemosensitivity of SGC7901 cells to LXRβ activation. Our study demonstrates that the expression of LXRβ was low in gastric cancer. In addition, activation of LXRβ may inhibit the proliferation of gastric cancer cells, promote apoptosis, and increase chemosensitivity by upregulating the expression of ATF4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiaozhou Central Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Ya-Bin Qi
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Xi'an Ninth Hospital, Affiliated to Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Loss of LLGL1 Expression Correlates with Diffuse Gastric Cancer and Distant Peritoneal Metastases. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 2019:2920493. [PMID: 31058107 PMCID: PMC6463686 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2920493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of LLGL1 has been associated with loss of cellular adhesion and dissemination of cells from colorectal cancer and malignant melanoma. Regulation and relevance of LLGL1 were analyzed in gastric cancer patients with lymphatic and distant dissemination. Furthermore, LLGL1 expression was analyzed in relation to the cellular adhesion protein E-cadherin. METHODS LLGL1 and E-cadherin transcription levels were evaluated in 56 gastric cancer patients and five gastric cancer cell lines. IHC staining for LLGL1 was performed on 39 gastric cancer specimens. LLGL1 was stably transfected into LLGL1 negative gastric cancer cell line SNU16 (del(17) (p11.2)) for functional in vitro assays and a xenograft bioassay. RESULTS Gastric cancer specimens and cell lines displayed LLGL1 and E-cadherin expression levels with variable intensity. In gastric mucosa, LLGL1 exhibited weak cytoplasmic and strong cortical staining. Loss of LLGL1 expression occurred in 65% of gastric cancers and significantly correlated with loss of E-cadherin expression (P=0.00009). Loss of LLGL1 expression was associated with the diffuse type of gastric cancer (P=0.029) with peritoneal carcinomatosis (M1; P=0.006) and with female gender (P=0.017). Stable reexpression of LLGL1 in SNU16 cells significantly increased both plastic surface adhesion and extracellular matrix proteins laminin and fibronectin, but had no impact on in vitro proliferation, apoptosis, or invasion or on in vivo proliferation or differentiation in our xenograft bioassay. CONCLUSION LLGL1 is coexpressed with E-cadherin. Loss of expression of either protein is associated with diffuse gastric cancer and peritoneal metastases. LLGL1 does not impact on proliferation or epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) rather increasing cellular adhesion.
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Genomic alterations in gastric cancers discovered via whole-exome sequencing. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1270. [PMID: 30567531 PMCID: PMC6299976 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5097-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) ranks the second in mortality rate among all cancers. Metastases account for most of the deaths in GC patients. Yet our understanding of GC and its metastasis mechanism is still very limited. Methods We performed 20 whole-exome sequencing (WES) on 5 typical metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) patients with lymph node metastasis. We compared both the primary tumors to their metastatic lymph nodes, and a specific analysis pipeline was used to detect single nucleotide variants (SNVs), small insertions/deletions (indels) and copy number variants (CNVs). Results (1) We confirmed 30 candidate mutations in both primary and lymph nodes tissues, and other 7 only in primary tumors. (2) Copy number gains were observed in a large section of 17q12–21, as well as copy number losses in regions containing CDKN2A and CDKN2B in both primary and lymph nodes tissues. Conclusions Our results provide preliminary insights in the molecular mechanisms of GC initiation, development, and metastatic progression. These results need to be validated through large-scale studies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-5097-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Ansari S, Gantuya B, Tuan VP, Yamaoka Y. Diffuse Gastric Cancer: A Summary of Analogous Contributing Factors for Its Molecular Pathogenicity. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082424. [PMID: 30115886 PMCID: PMC6121269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths and ranks as the fifth most common cancer worldwide. Incidence and mortality differ depending on the geographical region and gastric cancer ranks first in East Asian countries. Although genetic factors, gastric environment, and Helicobacter pylori infection have been associated with the pathogenicity and development of intestinal-type gastric cancer that follows the Correa’s cascade, the pathogenicity of diffuse-type gastric cancer remains mostly unknown and undefined. However, genetic abnormalities in the cell adherence factors, such as E-cadherin and cellular activities that cause impaired cell integrity and physiology, have been documented as contributing factors. In recent years, H. pylori infection has been also associated with the development of diffuse-type gastric cancer. Therefore, in this report, we discuss the host factors as well as the bacterial factors that have been reported as associated factors contributing to the development of diffuse-type gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamshul Ansari
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Boldbaatar Gantuya
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology unit, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar-14210, Mongolia.
| | - Vo Phuoc Tuan
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
- Department of Endoscopy, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.
| | - Yoshio Yamaoka
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Yuan J, Zeng J, Shuai C, Liu Y. TWSG1 Is a Novel Tumor Suppressor in Gastric Cancer. DNA Cell Biol 2018; 37:574-583. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2018.4188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Yuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Zeng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Shuai
- Neonatal Department, Guangdong Province Women's and Children's Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single-Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Hu L, Wu H, Wan X, Liu L, He Y, Zhu L, Liu S, Yao H, Zhu Z. MicroRNA-585 suppresses tumor proliferation and migration in gastric cancer by directly targeting MAPK1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 499:52-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Muhammad JS, Khan MR, Ghias K. DNA methylation as an epigenetic regulator of gallbladder cancer: An overview. Int J Surg 2018; 53:178-183. [PMID: 29602013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a lethal health issue affecting mostly the women in their middle-age. High incidence of GBC has been reported across the world specifically in Asian countries, India and Pakistan. The exact etiology remains unknown, although several risk factors and genetic aberrations involving mutations or epigenetic changes may be involved in gallbladder carcinogenesis. This article presents a review of the published literature mainly from the year 2003 onwards. The topic of main concerns was epigenetic regulation of GBC. All relevant studies identified were included and are described according to the aforementioned subheadings. In this review, we have discussed the role of DNA methylation in GBC, clinical implication and future prospects of biomarker development for early diagnosis and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibran Sualeh Muhammad
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | | | - Kulsoom Ghias
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Yamasaki Y, Ishigami S, Arigami T, Kita Y, Uchikado Y, Kurahara H, Kijima Y, Maemura K, Natsugoe S. Expression of gremlin1 in gastric cancer and its clinical significance. Med Oncol 2018; 35:30. [PMID: 29396725 PMCID: PMC5797189 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-017-1073-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
As an antagonist of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), 2, 4 and 7, gremlin1 plays a role in regulating organogenesis, tissue differentiation and angiogenesis. However, there is little information regarding gremlin1 in gastrointestinal cancer. We attempted to clarify how gremlin1 expression affects the clinical features and biological properties of gastric cancer. A total of 232 gastric cancer patients who received R0 gastrectomy at Kagoshima University Hospital were enrolled. Gremlin1 expression in gastric cancer was detected by immunohistochemical and western blotting methods. Correlations between clinicopathological parameters and gremlin1 expression were analyzed. Gremlin1 was identified in the cytoplasm and nucleus of all gastric cancer cell lines and some regions of surgical specimens of gastric cancer. One hundred and seventeen of the 232 patients (50.4%) were classified as gremlin1-positive based on gremlin1 expression. Gremlin1 positivity was correlated with shallower tumor depth, smaller tumor size, less nodal involvement and vessel invasion (p < 0.05). The 5-year survival rate of the gremlin1-positive group was 81%, which was significantly higher than the gremlin1-negative group (p < 0.01). Multivariate analysis revealed that gremlin1 was not selected as an independent prognostic marker. Gremlin1 expression in gastric cancer may be a useful prognostic marker that is involved with the BMP signaling pathway. Furthermore, gremlin1 may have clinical use as a diagnostic and treatment tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Yamasaki
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Sumiya Ishigami
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.
| | - Takaaki Arigami
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kita
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Yasuto Uchikado
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kurahara
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Yuko Kijima
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Kosei Maemura
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Shoji Natsugoe
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
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Yu L, Chen J, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Duan S. MicroRNA-937 inhibits cell proliferation and metastasis in gastric cancer cells by downregulating FOXL2. Cancer Biomark 2017; 21:105-116. [DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This article has been retracted, and the online PDF replaced with this retraction notice.
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Tseng PC, Chen CL, Shan YS, Lin CF. An increase in galectin-3 causes cellular unresponsiveness to IFN-γ-induced signal transduction and growth inhibition in gastric cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 7:15150-60. [PMID: 26934444 PMCID: PMC4924776 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β facilitates interferon (IFN)-γ signaling by inhibiting Src homology-2 domain-containing phosphatase (SHP) 2. Mutated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) cause AKT activation and GSK-3β inactivation to induce SHP2-activated cellular unresponsiveness to IFN-γ in human gastric cancer AGS cells. This study investigated the potential role of galectin-3, which acts upstream of AKT/GSK-3β/SHP2, in gastric cancer cells. Increasing or decreasing galectin-3 altered IFN-γ signaling. Following cisplatin-induced galectin-3 upregulation, surviving cells showed cellular unresponsiveness to IFN-γ. Galectin-3 induced IFN-γ resistance independent of its extracellular β-galactoside-binding activity. Galectin-3 expression was not regulated by PI3K activation or by a decrease in PTEN. Increased galectin-3 may cause GSK-3β inactivation and SHP2 activation by promoting PDK1-induced AKT phosphorylation at a threonine residue. Overexpression of AKT, inactive GSK-3βR96A, SHP2, or active SHP2D61A caused cellular unresponsiveness to IFN-γ in IFN-γ-sensitive MKN45 cells. IFN-γ-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in AGS cells were observed until galectin-3 expression was downregulated. These results demonstrate that an increase in galectin-3 facilitates AKT/GSK-3β/SHP2 signaling, causing cellular unresponsiveness to IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chun Tseng
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Chen
- Translational Medicine Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Shen Shan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chiou-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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Microsatellite Alterations and Protein Expression of 5 Major Tumor Suppressor Genes in Gastric Adenocarcinomas. Transl Oncol 2017; 11:43-55. [PMID: 29172180 PMCID: PMC5702876 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE: In gastric adenocarcinoma (GC), the major tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) such as p16, PTEN, Rb, E-cadherin, and p53, may play important roles in various regulatory pathways and in tumor suppression. This study evaluated the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of microsatellite and protein expression of 5 TSGs and the results were examined for their correlation with clinicopathological factors. METHODS: LOH analysis was carried out using polymerase chain reactions with 15 polymorphic microsatellite markers of 5 chromosomes containing TSGs in 100 surgically resected tumors. Protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS: LOH was detected in 83% of GCs. LOH of 9p21, 10q23, 13q14, 16q22, and 17p13 were detected in 26%, 31%, 24%, 22%, and 35% of cases, respectively. Protein expression of p16, PTEN, Rb, E-cadherin, and p53 were found to be 31%, 39%, 28%, 32%, and 46% of cases. Advanced GCs showed significantly higher rates of 17p13 LOH and p53 expression. 9p21 LOH and E-cadherin IHC were correlated with higher tumor grade. Lymph node metastasis was correlated with the LOH of 9p21, 16q22, and 17p13 and IHC of the Rb and p53. A higher stage was correlated with 10q23 and 17p13 in LOH and p53 for IHC. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that LOH and protein expression of various TSGs are important in carcinogenesis and tumor invasion. Additionally, LOH and IHC may be useful clinical indicators for determining the prognosis of patients with GCs. In particular, the 17p13 LOH and p53 for IHC can be applied as simple evaluations in the clinic.
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Diagnostic, Predictive, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Molecular Biomarkers in Third Millennium: A Breakthrough in Gastric Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:7869802. [PMID: 29094049 PMCID: PMC5637861 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7869802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the third cause of cancer death. The clinical outcomes of the patients are still not encouraging with a low rate of 5 years' survival. Often the disease is diagnosed at advanced stages and this obviously negatively affects patients outcomes. A deep understanding of molecular basis of gastric cancer can lead to the identification of diagnostic, predictive, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers. Main Body This paper aims to give a global view on the molecular classification and mechanisms involved in the development of the tumour and on the biomarkers for gastric cancer. We discuss the role of E-cadherin, HER2, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), MET, human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), microsatellite instability (MSI), PD-L1, and TP53. We have also considered in this manuscript new emerging biomarkers as matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), microRNAs, and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Conclusions Identifying and validating diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, and therapeutic biomarkers will have a huge impact on patients outcomes as they will allow early detection of tumours and also guide the choice of a targeted therapy based on specific molecular features of the cancer.
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Yang T, Chen M, Yang X, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Sun Y, Xu B, Hua J, He Z, Song Z. Down-regulation of KLF5 in cancer-associated fibroblasts inhibit gastric cancer cells progression by CCL5/CCR5 axis. Cancer Biol Ther 2017; 18:806-815. [PMID: 28934010 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2017.1373219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
It was well known that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) were an essential factor in tumor progression. However, the actual mechanism of stromal fibroblasts activation and tumor promoting effects remain unclear. Here, we showed that KLF5 expression was more frequently observed in gastric cancer-associated fibroblasts compared with normal mucosal fibroblasts. Moreover, KLF5 expression in tumor stroma was closely associated with clinicopathological features such as tumor size, invasion depth, cell grade and lymph node metastasis, as well as poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. In addition, we further demonstrated that KLF5-regulating CAFs affect gastric cancer cells progression by CCL5 secretion and activation of CCR5. Taken together, we concluded that KLF5 expression in gastric cancer-associated fibroblasts contribute to poor survival and promote cancer cells progression by activation of CCL5/CCR5 axis, which suggesting that KLF5 in CAFs might be considered as a promising target for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingsong Yang
- a Department of General Surgery , Shanghai Tenth Peoples' Hospital affiliated Tongji University , No. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai , China
| | - Min Chen
- b Department of Pathology , Dahua Hospital, No. 901, Old Humin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai , China
| | - Xiaohu Yang
- c Department of Anesthesiology , Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated Tongji University , No. 150, JiMo Road, Shanghai , China
| | - Xiaobing Zhang
- a Department of General Surgery , Shanghai Tenth Peoples' Hospital affiliated Tongji University , No. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai , China
| | - Zhou Zhang
- a Department of General Surgery , Shanghai Tenth Peoples' Hospital affiliated Tongji University , No. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai , China
| | - Yingying Sun
- a Department of General Surgery , Shanghai Tenth Peoples' Hospital affiliated Tongji University , No. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai , China
| | - Bin Xu
- a Department of General Surgery , Shanghai Tenth Peoples' Hospital affiliated Tongji University , No. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai , China
| | - Jie Hua
- a Department of General Surgery , Shanghai Tenth Peoples' Hospital affiliated Tongji University , No. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai , China
| | - Zhigang He
- a Department of General Surgery , Shanghai Tenth Peoples' Hospital affiliated Tongji University , No. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai , China
| | - Zhenshun Song
- a Department of General Surgery , Shanghai Tenth Peoples' Hospital affiliated Tongji University , No. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai , China
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Wang T, Liu Y, Zhao M. Mutational analysis of driver genes with tumor suppressive and oncogenic roles in gastric cancer. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3585. [PMID: 28729958 PMCID: PMC5516769 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a complex disease with heterogeneous genetic mechanisms. Genomic mutational profiling of gastric cancer not only expands our knowledge about cancer progression at a fundamental genetic level, but also could provide guidance on new treatment decisions, currently based on tumor histology. The fact that precise medicine-based treatment is successful in a subset of tumors indicates the need for better identification of clinically related molecular tumor phenotypes, especially with regard to those driver mutations on tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) and oncogenes (ONGs). We surveyed 313 TSGs and 160 ONGs associated with 48 protein coding and 19 miRNA genes with both TSG and ONG roles. Using public cancer mutational profiles, we confirmed the dual roles of CDKN1A and CDKN1B. In addition to the widely recognized alterations, we identified another 82 frequently mutated genes in public gastric cancer cohort. In summary, these driver mutation profiles of individual GC will form the basis of personalized treatment of gastric cancer, leading to substantial therapeutic improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfang Wang
- School of Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Australia
| | - Yining Liu
- The School of Public Health, Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Australia
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Sun Y, Zhang D, Mao M, Lu Y, Jiao N. Roles of p38 and JNK protein kinase pathways activated by compound cantharidin capsules containing serum on proliferation inhibition and apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell line. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:1809-1817. [PMID: 28810654 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of compound cantharides capsules (CCCs) on the viability and apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell lines, BGC-823 and SGC-7901, and to detect its regulation of gene expression levels, as well as its inhibition mechanisms. Each cell line was grouped into a control group, CCC serum group, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) group, combination therapy group (CCC serum + 5-FU) and serum control group. Growth curves were measured and flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis and cell viability. The mRNA expression level of proliferation-related C-MYC and p53 genes were assayed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Protein phosphorylation levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and IκB were assayed by western blotting. The combined CCC serum and 5-FU group exhibited a higher inhibition rate in both cell lines and CCC serum therapy demonstrated a similar effect to 5-FU treatment, as demonstrated in the MTT and cell growth assay. Combined therapy significantly decreased the C-MYC mRNA expression levels and increased p53 mRNA expression levels (P<0.05). Combined therapy of 5-FU and CCC was more significant compared with CCC serum or 5-FU only (P<0.05). P38 and JNK-related protein phosphorylation are involved in apoptosis initiated by CCC combined 5-FU therapy. Combined therapy was able to significantly inhibit human gastric cancer cell growth (P<0.05), and advance cell apoptosis compared with CCC serum only. CCC serum resulted in downregulation of the c-Myc gene and upregulation of the p53 gene. p38 and JNK-related protein phosphorylation is involved in the inhibition of cell viability and apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghao Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zibo City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zibo, Shandong 255300, P.R. China
| | - Dejuan Zhang
- Clinical Medical Research Laboratory, Zibo City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zibo, Shandong 255300, P.R. China
| | - Mao Mao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zibo City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zibo, Shandong 255300, P.R. China
| | - Yangping Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zibo City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zibo, Shandong 255300, P.R. China
| | - Ning Jiao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zibo City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zibo, Shandong 255300, P.R. China
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Zhao JX, Li XW, Shi BY, Wang F, Xu ZR, Meng HL, Su YY, Wang JM, Xiao N, He Q, Wang YP, Fan YM. Effect of histone modifications on hMLH1 alternative splicing in gastric cancer. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317697546. [PMID: 28381181 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317697546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
hMLH1 is one of the mismatch genes closely related to the occurrence of gastric cancer. Epigenetic regulation may play more important roles than gene mutations in DNA damage repair genes to drive carcinogenesis. In this article, we discuss the role of epigenetic changes, especially histone modifications in the regulation of hMLH1 alternative splicing. Our results showed that hMLH1 delEx10, delEx11, delEx10-11, delEx16 and delEx17 transcripts were ubiquitous in sporadic Chinese gastric cancer patients and gastric cancer cell lines. Lower level of H4K16ac and H3ac was detected in hMLH1 exon 10-11 region in gastric cancer cell lines when compared with human gastric mucosal epithelial cell line GES-1. A significant decrease of hMLH1 delEx11 and delEx10-11 was observed in gastric cancer cell lines after trichostatin A treatment. H3K36me3 and H3K4me2 levels were lower in hMLH1 exon 10-11 and exon 16-17 regions in gastric cancer lines when compared with GES-1. Aberrant transcripts such as hMLH1 delEx11 and delEx10-11 were significantly higher in gastric cancer cell lines after small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of SETD2 (the specific methyltransferase of H3K36). The hMLH1 delEx10 and delEx10-11 transcripts were increased after interference of SRSF2. Taken together, our study demonstrates that lower level of histone acetylation and specific histone methylation such as H3K36me3 correlate with aberrant transcripts in hMLH1 exon 10-11 region. SRSF2 may be involved in these specific exons skipping as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Xuan Zhao
- 1 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Li
- 1 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing-Yu Shi
- 1 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- 1 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng-Rong Xu
- 1 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai-Lan Meng
- 1 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun-Yan Su
- 1 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing-Mei Wang
- 2 Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Nong Xiao
- 3 Lujiang People's Hospital, Anhui, China
| | - Qiong He
- 3 Lujiang People's Hospital, Anhui, China
| | - Ya-Ping Wang
- 1 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi-Mei Fan
- 1 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Wang Y, Xu P, Yao J, Yang R, Shi Z, Zhu X, Feng X, Gao S. MicroRNA-216b is Down-Regulated in Human Gastric Adenocarcinoma and Inhibits Proliferation and Cell Cycle Progression by Targeting Oncogene HDAC8. Target Oncol 2017; 11:197-207. [PMID: 26408293 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-015-0390-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Accumulating evidence indicates that micro (mi)RNAs play a critical role in carcinogenesis and cancer progression; however, their role in the tumorigenesis of gastric adenocarcinoma remains unclear so the present study investigated this in gastric cancer (GC) tissues and cell lines. METHODS Human GC specimens (n = 57) and patient-paired non-cancerous specimens were obtained from patients at the First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology. The AGS and GC9811 gastric cancer cell lines were also used. Expression levels of miR-216b and HDAC8 were examined by quantitative real-time PCR and the expression of HDAC8 was also examined by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry assay. The cell cycle progression was determined by FACS. MiR-216b inhibitor, mimics, and siRNA-HDAC8 transfections were performed to study the loss and gain of function. RESULTS We reported a significantly decreased expression of miR-216b in GC clinical specimens compared with paired non-cancerous tissues. We also observed a significant down-regulation of miR-216b expression in GC cell lines AGS and GC9811 (p < 0.0001). The introduction of miR-216b suppressed GC cell proliferation and cell cycle progression by targeting HDAC8, an oncogene shown to promote malignant tumor development with a potential miR-216b binding site in its 3' untranslated region. HDAC8 expression was shown to be significantly increased in AGS and GC9811 cell lines (p < 0.0001) and GC tissues compared with controls. Moreover, HDAC8 inhibition suppressed cell cycle progression compared with control groups (22 % ± 1.6 % vs 34 % ± 2.1), indicating that HDAC8 may function as an oncogene in the development of GC. Furthermore, HDAC8 expression was negatively correlated (p < 0.0001), while miR-216b expression was positively correlated with the clinical outcome of GC patients (p < 0.0001). DISCUSSION Our data suggest that miR-216b functions as a tumor suppressor in human GC by, at least partially, targeting HDAC8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Oncology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 24 Jinghua Road, Luoyang, Henan, 471003, China.
| | - Po Xu
- Urology Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 24 Jinghua Road, Luoyang, Henan, 471003, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Oncology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 24 Jinghua Road, Luoyang, Henan, 471003, China
| | - Ruina Yang
- Oncology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 24 Jinghua Road, Luoyang, Henan, 471003, China
| | - Zhenguo Shi
- Urology Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 24 Jinghua Road, Luoyang, Henan, 471003, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhu
- Oncology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 24 Jinghua Road, Luoyang, Henan, 471003, China
| | - Xiaoshan Feng
- Oncology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 24 Jinghua Road, Luoyang, Henan, 471003, China.
| | - Shegan Gao
- Oncology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 24 Jinghua Road, Luoyang, Henan, 471003, China.
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Bor S, Ergun P, Kipcak S. Biomarkers of Reflux Disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 15:319-320. [PMID: 27670381 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2016.09.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Serhat Bor
- Ege Reflux Study Group, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Pelin Ergun
- Ege Reflux Study Group, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sezgi Kipcak
- Ege Reflux Study Group, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Shi H, Wang X, Wang J, Pan J, Liu J, Ye B. Association between CHFR gene hypermethylation and gastric cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:7409-7414. [PMID: 27994471 PMCID: PMC5153312 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s118070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between the hypermethylation of CHFR gene and gastric cancer risk has been investigated by a number of studies. However, the sample size of the majority of these studies was very small. To get a more a convincing conclusion, here we performed a meta-analysis of the previously published studies to assess the association between CHFR methylation and the risk of gastric cancer. METHODS Eligible studies were identified by searching the MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases before May 2016 without any language restriction. The strength of the association was estimated by odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Totally 1,399 samples, including 758 gastric cancer cases and 641 controls, from 13 studies were included in the present meta-analysis. Compared with non-cancer controls, the pooled OR of CHFR methylation in gastric cancer patients was 9.08 (95% CI: 6.40-12.88, P<0.001), suggesting that the methylation of CHFR was significantly associated with increased risk of gastric cancer. Similar results were observed when subgroup analyses were performed stratified by country, ethnicity, and methylation testing methods. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis showed a strong positive correlation between CHFR methylation and risk of gastric cancer, suggesting that CHFR methylation might be a promising biomarker for the diagnosis of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lishui Central Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lishui Central Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lishui Central Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, People's Republic of China
| | - Jundi Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lishui Central Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, People's Republic of China
| | - Junwei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lishui Central Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lishui Central Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, People's Republic of China
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Jia W, Yu T, Cao X, An Q, Yang H. Clinical effect of DAPK promoter methylation in gastric cancer: A systematic meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5040. [PMID: 27787359 PMCID: PMC5089088 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The loss of death-associated protein kinase (DAPK) gene expression through promoter methylation is involved in many tumors. However, the relationship between DAPK promoter methylation and clinicopathological features of gastric cancer (GC) remains to be done. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to assess the role of DAPK promoter methylation in GC. METHODS Literature databases were searched to retrieve eligible studies. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with its 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the Stata 12.0 software. RESULTS Final 22 available studies with 1606 GC patients and 1508 nonmalignant controls were analyzed. A significant correlation was found between DAPK promoter methylation and GC (OR = 3.23, 95% CI = 1.70-6.14, P < 0.001), but we did not find any significant association in Caucasian population, and in blood samples in subgroup analyses. DAPK promoter methylation was associated with tumor stage and lymph node status (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.49-0.96, P = 0.03; OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.12-2.01, P = 0.007; respectively). However, we did not find that DAPK promoter methylation was associated with gender status and tumor histology. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that DAPK promoter methylation may play a key role in the carcinogenesis and progression of GC. In addition, methylated DAPK was a susceptible gene for Asian population. However, more studies with larger subjects should be done to further evaluate the effect of DAPK promoter methylation in GC patients, especially in blood and Caucasian population subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhuo Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, China
- Correspondence: Wenzhuo Jia, Department of General Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Dong Dan, Beijing, China (e-mail: )
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Lian SX, Shao YB, Liu HB, He JY, Lu WQ, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Zhu J. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 promotes tumorigenesis and predicts prognosis in gallbladder cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:33065-76. [PMID: 26460616 PMCID: PMC4741749 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder Cancer (GBC), characterized by invasive growth and infiltrative dissemination, is difficult to diagnose and has poor prognosis. Emerging evidence demonstrates that Lysine-Specific Demethylase 1 (LSD1) has important roles in carcinogenesis, proliferation and metastasis. We studied the roles and molecular mechanisms of LSD1 in GBC. We examined LSD1 expression in 109 paired samples of GBC and normal gallbladder tissues. We found GBC tissues had upregulated LSD1 compared with normal gallbladder tissues (P = 0.003), and its high expression was associated with tumor-node-metastasis stage (P < 0.0001), Nevin's stage (P = 0.0093) and distant metastases (P = 0.0070). We found positive correlations between LSD1 expression and other proteins: epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers, C-myc and cyclin-related proteins. Inhibiting LSD1 expression in vitro impaired the proliferation and invasiveness of GBC cells and also downregulated c-myc expression and consequently inhibited GBC cell proliferation. LSD1 overexpression promotes GBC development and may be a predictor for a worsened prognosis. LSD1 may be a novel therapeutic target and prognostic tool for gallbladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Xian Lian
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ye Bo Shao
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hou Bao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Yi He
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Qi Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Jia Y, Cao B, Yang Y, Linghu E, Zhan Q, Lu Y, Yu Y, Herman JG, Guo M. Silencing NKD2 by promoter region hypermethylation promotes gastric cancer invasion and metastasis by up-regulating SOX18 in human gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:33470-85. [PMID: 26396173 PMCID: PMC4741779 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Naked cuticle homolog2 (NKD2) is located in chromosome 5p15.3, which is frequently loss of heterozygosity in human colorectal and gastric cancers. In order to understand the mechanism of NKD2 in gastric cancer development, 6 gastric cancer cell lines and 196 cases of human primary gastric cancer samples were involved. Methylation specific PCR (MSP), gene expression array, flow cytometry, transwell assay and xenograft mice model were employed in this study. The expression of NKD1 and NKD2 was silenced by promoter region hypermethylation. NKD1 and NKD2 were methylated in 11.7% (23/196) and 53.1% (104/196) in human primary gastric cancer samples. NKD2 methylation is associated with cell differentiation, TNM stage and distant metastasis significantly (all P < 0.05), and the overall survival time is longer in NKD2 unmethylated group compared to NKD2 methylated group (P < 0.05). Restoration of NKD2 expression suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation, cell invasion and migration, induced G2/M phase arrest, and sensitized cancer cells to docetaxel. NKD2 inhibits SOX18 and MMP-2,7,9 expression and suppresses BGC823 cell xenograft growth. In conclusion, NKD2 methylation may serve as a poor prognostic and chemo-sensitive marker in human gastric cancer. NKD2 impedes gastric cancer metastasis by inhibiting SOX18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.,Department of Breast Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Baoping Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.,Medical College of NanKai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yunsheng Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Enqiang Linghu
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Qimin Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Youyong Lu
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital/Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Yingyan Yu
- Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - James G Herman
- The Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Mingzhou Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Baniak N, Senger JL, Ahmed S, Kanthan SC, Kanthan R. Gastric biomarkers: a global review. World J Surg Oncol 2016; 14:212. [PMID: 27514667 PMCID: PMC4982433 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-016-0969-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is an aggressive disease with a poor 5-year survival and large global burden of disease. The disease is biologically and genetically heterogeneous with a poorly understood carcinogenesis at the molecular level. Despite the many prognostic, predictive, and therapeutic biomarkers investigated to date, gastric cancer continues to be detected at an advanced stage with resultant poor clinical outcomes. MAIN BODY This is a global review of gastric biomarkers with an emphasis on HER2, E-cadherin, fibroblast growth factor receptor, mammalian target of rapamycin, and hepatocyte growth factor receptor as well as sections on microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, matrix metalloproteinases, PD-L1, TP53, and microsatellite instability. CONCLUSION A deeper understanding of the pathogenesis and biological features of gastric cancer, including the identification and characterization of diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, and therapeutic biomarkers, hopefully will provide improved clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Baniak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8 Canada
| | - Jenna-Lynn Senger
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, 116 St & 85 Ave, Edmonton, T6G 2R3, T6G 2B7 AB Canada
| | - Shahid Ahmed
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Saskatchewan, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8 Canada
| | - S. C. Kanthan
- Department of General Surgery, University of Saskatchewan, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8 Canada
| | - Rani Kanthan
- Department of General Surgery, University of Saskatchewan, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8 Canada
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Choi Y, Park J, Choi Y, Ko YS, Yu DA, Kim Y, Pyo JS, Jang BG, Kim MA, Kim WH, Lee BL. c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation has a prognostic implication and is negatively associated with FOXO1 activation in gastric cancer. BMC Gastroenterol 2016; 16:59. [PMID: 27268017 PMCID: PMC4895928 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-016-0473-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since the biological function of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in gastric cancer remains unclear, we investigated the clinical significance of JNK activation and its association with FOXO1 activation. Methods Immunohistochemical tissue array analysis of 483 human gastric cancer specimens was performed, and the results of the immunostaining were quantified. The correlation between JNK activation (nuclear staining for pJNK) and clinicopathological features, the proliferation index, prognosis or FOXO1 inactivation (cytoplasmic staining for pFOXO1) was analyzed. The SNU-638 gastric cancer cell line was used for in vitro analysis. Results Nuclear staining of pJNK was found in 38 % of the gastric carcinomas and was higher in the early stages of pTNM (P < 0.001). pJNK staining negatively correlated with lymphatic invasion (P = 0.034) and positively correlated with intestinal type by Lauren’s classification (P = 0.037), Ki-67-labeling index (P < 0.001), cyclin D1 (P = 0.045), cyclin E (P < 0.001) and pFOXO1 (P < 0.001). JNK activation correlated with a longer patients survival (P =0.008) and patients with a JNK-active and FOXO1-inactive tumor had a higher survival rate than the remainder of the population (P = 0.004). In vitro analysis showed that JNK inhibition by SP600125 in SNU-638 cells decreased cyclin D1 protein expression and increased FOXO1 activation. Further, JNK inhibition markedly suppressed colony formation, which was partially restored by FOXO1 shRNA expression. Conclusions Our results indicate that JNK activation may serve as a valuable prognostic factor in gastric cancer, and that it is implicated in gastric tumorigenesis, at least in part, through FOXO1 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngsun Choi
- Department of Tumor Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea
| | - Jinju Park
- Department of Tumor Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea
| | - Yiseul Choi
- Department of Tumor Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea
| | - Young San Ko
- Departments of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea
| | - Da-Ae Yu
- Departments of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea
| | - Jung-Soo Pyo
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 110-746, South Korea
| | - Bo Gun Jang
- Department of Pathology, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, 690-767, South Korea
| | - Min A Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea
| | - Woo Ho Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea
| | - Byung Lan Lee
- Department of Tumor Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea. .,Departments of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea. .,Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea.
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Zhang R, Li F, Wang W, Wang X, Li S, Liu J. The effect of antisense inhibitor of miRNA 106b∼25 on the proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis of gastric cancer cell. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:10507-15. [PMID: 26850596 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4937-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating data has demonstrated that miRNA 106b∼25, which are composed of the highly conserved miRNA 106b, miRNA 93, and miRNA 25, play carcinogenic roles in cancers. We investigated the expression of miRNA 106b∼25 in gastric cancer cells (SGC 7901, MGC 803, BGC 823) and normal gastric epithelial cell then inhibited miRNA 106b∼25 expression via transiently transfecting their antisense inhibitor. After miRNA 106b∼25 cluster was inhibited, MTT, Scratch test, Transwell invasion test, and flow cytometry were applied to investigate the proliferation, invasion, migration, cell cycle, and apoptosis of gastric cancer cell. The expression of miRNA 106b, miRNA 93, and miRNA 25 in gastric cancer cells SGC 7901, MGC 803, and BGC 823 was significantly higher than in gastric epithelial cell GES-1. The most significant suppression of miRNA 106b∼25 expressions can be detected in MGC 803 cell after transiently transfecting their antisense inhibitors. So, MGC 803 cell was selected as our research object. After inhibiting miRNA 106b and miRNA 93 respectively and combined, the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cell MGC 803 were significantly suppressed. The most significant suppression was observed in combined inhibiting group. After miRNA 106b∼25 cluster was inhibited respectively or combined, more gastric cancer cells were arrested in the G0G1 phase. However, there was no statistical difference in comparing with control groups. While the percentages of apoptotic cells increased after miRNA 106b∼25 cluster was inhibited, the statistical difference was detected only in combined inhibiting group. Inhibiting miRNA 106b∼25 cluster via transfecting antisense inhibitor can influence biological behavior of gastric cancer cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupeng Zhang
- Department of Gastric Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Fangxuan Li
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Weijia Wang
- Department of Gastric Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Department of Gastric Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Shixia Li
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Juntian Liu
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.
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Litviakov NV, Freidin MB, Sazonov AE, Khalyuzova MV, Buldakov MA, Karbyshev MS, Albakh ЕN, Isubakova DS, Gagarin АA, Nekrasov GB, Mironova EB, Izosimov АS, Takhauov RM, Karpov АB. Different patterns of allelic imbalance in sporadic tumors and tumors associated with long-term exposure to gamma-radiation. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2015; 794:8-16. [PMID: 26653978 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to reveal cancer related mutations in DNA repair and cell cycle genes associated with chronic occupational exposure to gamma-radiation in personnel of the Siberian Group of Chemical Enterprises (SGCE). Mutations were analyzed by comparing genotypes of malignant tumors and matched normal tissues of 255 cancer patients including 98 exposed to external gamma-radiation (mean dose 128.1±150.5mSv). Also a genetic association analysis was carried out in a sample of 149 cancer patients and 908 healthy controls occupationally exposed to gamma-radiation (153.2±204.6mSv and 150.5±211.2mSv, respectively). Eight SNPs of genes of DNA excision repair were genotyped (rs13181, rs1052133, rs1042522, rs2305427, rs4244285, rs1045642, rs1805419 and rs1801133). The mutation profiles in heterozygous loci for selected SNP were different between sporadic tumors and tumors in patients exposed to radiation. In sporadic tumors, heterozygous genotype Arg/Pro of the rs1042522 SNP mutated into Arg/0 in 15 cases (9.6%) and 0/Pro in 14 cases (8.9%). The genotype Lys/Gln of the rs13181 SNP mutated into Lys/0 and 0/Gln in 9 and 4 cases, respectively. In tumors of patients exposed to low-level radiation, the rs1042522 Arg/0 mutated genotype was found in 12 cases (12.1%), while in 2 cases (2%) 0/Pro mutation was observed. Finally, the rs13181 0/Gln mutated genotype was observed in 15 cases (16,5%) . Thus, our study showed the difference in patterns of allelic imbalance in tumors appeared under low-level radiation exposure and spontaneous tumors for selected SNPs. This suggests different mechanisms of inactivation of heterozygous genotypes in sporadic and radiation-induced tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai V Litviakov
- Seversk Biophysical Research Centre of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Seversk, Russia; Tomsk Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk, Russia; National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.
| | - Maxim B Freidin
- Population Genetics Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Genetics, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Aleksey E Sazonov
- Seversk Biophysical Research Centre of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Seversk, Russia
| | - Maria V Khalyuzova
- Seversk Biophysical Research Centre of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Seversk, Russia; National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Buldakov
- Tomsk Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk, Russia; National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Mikhail S Karbyshev
- Tomsk Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk, Russia; National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Еlena N Albakh
- Seversk Biophysical Research Centre of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Seversk, Russia
| | - Daria S Isubakova
- Seversk Biophysical Research Centre of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Seversk, Russia
| | - Аleksey A Gagarin
- Clinical Hospital #81 of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Seversk, Russia
| | - Gennadiy B Nekrasov
- Clinical Hospital #81 of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Seversk, Russia
| | - Elena B Mironova
- Clinical Hospital #81 of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Seversk, Russia
| | - Аndrey S Izosimov
- Clinical Hospital #81 of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Seversk, Russia
| | - Ravil M Takhauov
- Seversk Biophysical Research Centre of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Seversk, Russia
| | - Аndrei B Karpov
- Seversk Biophysical Research Centre of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Seversk, Russia
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Ali A, Mishra PK, Sharma S, Arora A, Saluja SS. Effects of PTEN gene alteration in patients with gallbladder cancer. Cancer Genet 2015; 208:587-94. [PMID: 26586294 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an aggressive malignancy usually diagnosed in an advanced stage. We investigated the effects of alterations of the phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) gene on the occurrence and development of GBC, which has not been previously reported. A total 141 cases of GBC were analyzed for mutation, expression, and methylation across the nine exons of the PTEN gene. DNA sequencing methods were applied for mutation detection, whereas protein expression and methylation status were evaluated by immunohistochemical and methylation-specific PCR analysis, respectively. Novel PTEN mutations were observed in 6.3% of cases (9/141), and they included two silent mutations. In mutant cases, according to changes in codons, the respective amino acid sequences were also changed, which caused of proteins. A high percentage (72%) of loss of protein expression was observed more often in cases than in control samples. Interestingly, all nine cases with mutations showed loss of PTEN expression, whereas four of these nine cases showed positive promoter methylation. Hypermethylation was significantly more common in older patients than in younger ones (P<0.02). These findings suggest that PTEN mutations and inactivation may play an important role in the development and progression of gallbladder carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asgar Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Patna, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Mishra
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, G.B. Pant Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Sadhana Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Patna, India
| | - Asit Arora
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, G.B. Pant Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Santacroce MP, Pastore AS, Tinelli A, Colamonaco M, Crescenzo G. Implications for chronic toxicity of benzo[a]pyrene in sea bream cultured hepatocytes: Cytotoxicity, inflammation, and cancerogenesis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:1045-1062. [PMID: 24610634 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is the most studied dangerous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon for its hepatotoxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and immunosuppressant effects, which can affect both wild and farmed marine fish through the trophic chain. This study investigated, for the first time, the chronic effects induced in vitro by B[a]P prolonged exposure on gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) hepatocytes, evaluating the cellular and nuclear latent damage. The purpose was to characterize the kind of B[a]P cyto- and genotoxic damage by morphological and immunocytochemical parameters applied in combination with the use of multiple assay endpoints. In light of our results, the short-term effects at higher B[a]P doses were linked to higher cytotoxicities and necrotic lysis, whereas a sustained inflammatory response at medium-low doses was perceived as a mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, both by surface and nuclear morphological changes. The strong immunoreactivity for the cleaved caspase-3 showed that the labeled cells committed suicide by apoptosis. B[a]P involvement on carcinogenesis comes from prolonged exposure at lower doses, establishing the connection between the escape from apoptosis and the selection of a tumoral phenotype. Cells colabeled with proliferating cell nuclear antigen/caspase-3 within the proliferative foci, were proliferating transformed oval stem cells, which escaped the suicide by apoptosis allowing cancer development. Finally, it was established that sea bream cultured hepatocytes are highly sensitive to chronic B[a]P exposure, as serious genotoxic effects were found even at the lowest doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Santacroce
- Unit of Aquaculture and Zooculture, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Str. Prv. Casamassima, km 3, Valenzano (BA), Bari, 70010, Italy
| | - Anna Selene Pastore
- Unit of Aquaculture and Zooculture, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Str. Prv. Casamassima, km 3, Valenzano (BA), Bari, 70010, Italy
| | - Antonella Tinelli
- Unit of General and Veterinary Anatomic Pathology, Dept. of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Str. Prv. Casamassima, km 3, Valenzano (BA), Bari, 70010, Italy
| | - Michele Colamonaco
- Unit of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Str. Prv. Casamassima, km 3, Valenzano (BA), Bari, 70010, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Crescenzo
- Unit of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Str. Prv. Casamassima, km 3, Valenzano (BA), Bari, 70010, Italy
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KAWATA SOICHIRO, YASHIMA KAZUO, YAMAMOTO SOHEI, SASAKI SHUJI, TAKEDA YOHEI, HAYASHI AKIHIRO, MATSUMOTO KAZUYA, KAWAGUCHI KOICHIRO, HARADA KENICHI, MURAWAKI YOSHIKAZU. AID, p53 and MLH1 expression in early gastric neoplasms and the correlation with the background mucosa. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:737-743. [PMID: 26622562 PMCID: PMC4509115 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of tumor-associated genes have been associated with gastric cancer development. The present study evaluated differences in tumor-associated protein expression and phenotype among early gastric neoplasms, and correlated these data with those of the background mucosa. The expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), p53 and MLH1 in 151 early gastric neoplasms [22 gastric adenomas, 92 intramucosal carcinomas (MCs), and 37 submucosal carcinomas (SMCs)] was examined immunohistochemically and compared with that of the corresponding background mucosal condition. The cellular phenotypes of the neoplasms and the corresponding background intestinal metaplasia were also determined. Aberrant AID, p53 and MLH1 expression was detected in 36.4, 0 and 0% of the adenomas, in 35.9, 32.6 and 16.3% of the MCs, and in 56.8, 62.2 and 21.6% of the SMCs, respectively. The frequency of aberrant AID and p53 expression in the SMCs was significantly increased compared with that in the MCs (AID, P<0.05; p53, P<0.01). Aberrant AID expression was significantly associated with p53 overexpression in the SMCs (P<0.01), but not in the adenomas or MCs. In addition, AID expression was associated with the severity of mononuclear cell activity in the non-cancerous mucosa adjacent to the tumor (P<0.05), particularly in the SMC cases. The percentage of MCs (34.8%) and SMCs (24.3%) that were of the gastric phenotype was higher compared with the percentage of adenomas (18.2%). These results indicated that p53 and MLH1 expression and a gastric phenotype may be important for carcinogenesis, and that chronic inflammation and AID and p53 expression are associated with submucosal progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- SOICHIRO KAWATA
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishicho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - KAZUO YASHIMA
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishicho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - SOHEI YAMAMOTO
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishicho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - SHUJI SASAKI
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishicho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - YOHEI TAKEDA
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishicho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - AKIHIRO HAYASHI
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishicho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - KAZUYA MATSUMOTO
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishicho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - KOICHIRO KAWAGUCHI
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishicho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - KENICHI HARADA
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishicho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - YOSHIKAZU MURAWAKI
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishicho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
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Xu L, Lan H, Su Y, Li J, Wan J. Clinicopathological significance and potential drug target of RUNX3 in non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:2855-65. [PMID: 26082616 PMCID: PMC4461130 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s76358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence indicates that RUNX3 is a candidate tumor suppressor in several types of human tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the correlation between RUNX3 hypermethylation and clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC remains unclear. Here, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate the effects of RUNX3 hypermethylation on the incidence of NSCLC and clinicopathological characteristics. METHODS A detailed literature search was made using Medline, Embase and Web of Science for related research publications written in English. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated. The data were extracted and assessed independently by two reviewers. Analysis of pooled data was performed. The odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio were calculated and summarized. RESULTS Final analysis of 911 NSCLC patients from 13 eligible studies was performed. We observed that RUNX3 hypermethylation was significantly higher in NSCLC than in normal lung tissue; the pooled OR from seven studies including 361 NSCLC and 345 normal lung tissue (OR 7.08, confidence interval 4.12-12.17, P<0.00001). RUNX3 hypermethylation may also be associated with pathological types. The pooled OR was obtained from eleven studies including 271 squamous cell carcinoma and 389 adenocarcinoma (OR 0.41, confidence interval 0.19-0.89, P=0.02), which indicated that RUNX3 hypermethylation is significantly higher in adenocarcinoma that in squamous cell carcinoma. We did not find that RUNX3 hypermethylation was correlated with clinical stage or differentiated status. However, NSCLC patients with RUNX3 hypermethylation had a lower survival rate than those without RUNX3 hypermethylation. CONCLUSION The results of this meta-analysis suggest that RUNX3 hypermethylation is associated with an increased risk and worse survival in NSCLC. RUNX3 hypermethylation, which induces inactivation of the RUNX3 gene, plays an important role in lung carcinogenesis and clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwen Lan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yushu Su
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Wan
- Department of Surgery (Operation Room), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Ksiâa F, Ziadi S, Dhiab MB, Gacem RB, Trimeche M. Increased DNA methyltransferase 1 protein expression correlates significantly with intestinal histological type and gender in gastric carcinomas. Adv Med Sci 2015; 60:50-7. [PMID: 25461380 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Promoter hypermethylation and reduced expression of many genes have been found in gastric cancer. DNA methyltransferases are enzymes potentially affecting promoter hypermethylation. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analyzed proteins expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 and 3b by immunohistochemistry in 47 surgically resected gastric cancer samples for which clinicopathological characteristics, patient's outcome and methylation status of 11 selected tumor-related genes have been determined. Promoter methylation status of genes was assessed by methylation specific PCR. RESULTS We found that DNMT1 and 3b were up-regulated in gastric cancer and were detected in 51.1% and 57.4% of cases, respectively. Co-expression of DNMT1 and 3b was detected in 44.7%. Correlations analysis have showed that DNMT1 overexpression was significantly correlated with gastric cancer of intestinal histological type (P=0.01) and with gender of patient (P=0.01). However, there was no correlation between DNMT1 and DNMT3b overexpression in cancer and patients outcome. Moreover, there were no clear relations between the proteins expression of DNMT1 and 3b and DNA methylation status of genes. But co-expression of DNMT1 and DNMT3b was significantly associated with promoter hypermethylation of RAR-β2 (P=0.04). CONCLUSIONS Results from our study indicate that DNMT1 and 3b were overexpressed and could be involved in gastric tumorigenesis of intestinal histological type in the case of Tunisian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feryel Ksiâa
- Department of Pathology, Farhat-Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sonia Ziadi
- Department of Pathology, Farhat-Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Myriam Ben Dhiab
- Department of Pathology, Farhat-Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Riadh Ben Gacem
- Department of Pathology, Farhat-Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mounir Trimeche
- Department of Pathology, Farhat-Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia.
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Samadani AA, Akhavan-Niaki H. Interaction of sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway with cancer stem cell genes in gastric cancer. Med Oncol 2015; 32:48. [PMID: 25636508 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-015-0492-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer may appear by frequent genetic or epigenetic changes in oncogenes, tumor suppressor or DNA mismatch repair genes. Molecular studies show the possibility of involvement of certain cancer pathways in gastric cancer. In this respect, DNA methylation is one of the most important epigenetic alterations in gastric cancer and identifying the signaling mechanism and also methylation of some genes that are involved in gastric cancer can help to improve treatment strategies. Relatively, there are many reported methylation alteration of genes in stem cells in all kinds of tumors with some of these genes having a key role in tumor development. Correspondingly, KLF5, CDX1/2, WNT1 and FEM1A are considerable genes in gastric cancer, although many researches and studies have illustrated that sonic hedgehog and expression of its signaling cascade proteins are related in gastric cancer. Relatively, modification in these genes causes many eclectic cancers such as rhabdomyosarcoma and diverse kinds of digestive system tumor development. Conspicuously, these master genes have a noticeable role in stem cell's growth regulation as well as other kinds of cancer such as breast cancer and leukemia. Hence, we concluded that research and studies on methylation and expression of these genes and also the investigation of molecular signaling in gastric cancer can acquire impressive conclusions in order to control and treat this common place and serious problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbar Samadani
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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