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Abdellateif MS, Zekri ARN. Stem cell therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma and end-stage liver disease. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2023; 35:35. [PMID: 37926787 DOI: 10.1186/s43046-023-00194-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem worldwide, especially for patients who are suffering from end-stage liver disease (ESLD). The ESLD is considered a great challenge for clinicians due to the limited chance for liver transplantation, which is the only curative treatment for those patients. Stem cell-based therapy as a part of regenerative medicine represents a promising application for ESLD patients. Many clinical trials were performed to assess the utility of bone marrow-derived stem cells as a potential therapy for patients with liver diseases. The aim of the present study is to present and review the various types of stem cell-based therapy, including the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), BM-derived mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs), CD34 + hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and cancer stem cells.Though this type of therapy achieved promising results for the treatment of ESLD, however still there is a confounding data regarding its clinical application. A large body of evidence is highly required to evaluate the stem cell-based therapy after long-term follow-up, with respect to the incidence of toxicity, immunogenicity, and tumorigenesis that developed in many patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona S Abdellateif
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, 11976, Egypt.
| | - Abdel-Rahman N Zekri
- Molecular Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, NCI, Cairo University, Cairo, 11976, Egypt
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Salem BAA, ElKaliny HH, El-Hafez AAAA, Sarhan NI. Comparative Histological Study of Therapeutic Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells versus Mesenchymal Stem Cells Co-Cultured with Liver Tissue on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Adult Male Albino Rats. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2023; 11:225-236. [PMID: 38213650 PMCID: PMC10779448 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_62_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Liver diseases are major causes of morbidity and mortality. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic effects, so they can be used in the treatment of liver diseases. MSCs co-cultured with diseased liver tissue improve the homing capacity, survival rate, and paracrine effects of the MSCs, as well as the ability to enhance liver function. Aims This work aimed to study the therapeutic effect of MSCs versus MSCs co-cultured with liver tissue on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity in adult male albino rats. Settings and Design Twenty adult male albino rats were divided into four equal groups; Group I (control group), Group II received CCl4 intraperitoneally (i.p.), Group III received CCl4 i.p. and then injected with MSCs intravenously (i.v.), and Group IV received CCl4 i.p. and then injected with co-cultured MSCs i.v. Materials and Methods Finally, liver specimens were processed for light microscopy (LM) and electron microscopy (EM). Statistical analysis was carried out to assess histological scoring, area percentage of collagen fibers, number of glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells, and biochemical analysis of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Statistical Analysis Used Statistical analysis of (histological scoring, area % of collagen fibers, and biochemical analysis) was done by using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test using graphpad software (SanDiego, CA, USA). The means ± standard deviations were used for statistical analysis. Results LM of Group II revealed loss of hepatic architecture and diffuse fibrosis with dilated congested blood vessels, bile ductular proliferation, and cellular infiltrations. Vacuolated cytoplasm with or without pyknotic nuclei was observed in addition to micro- and macro-steatosis. EM demonstrated disfigured hepatocytes with abnormal organelles surrounding atypical nucleus. Group III showed restoration of the normal liver architecture with greater extent in Group IV. Statistical analysis confirmed the microscopic findings. Conclusions Co-cultured MSCs with diseased liver tissue augmented the therapeutic effects of MSCs in treating hepatotoxicity induced by CCl4 in adult male albino rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bothina Abo-Alazm Salem
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Heba Hassan ElKaliny
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Naglaa Ibrahim Sarhan
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Sun A, Gao W, Xiao T. Autologous bone marrow stem cell transplantation via the hepatic artery for the treatment of hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis: a PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis based on the Chinese population. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:104. [PMID: 32138750 PMCID: PMC7059376 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01627-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Autologous bone marrow stem cell (ABMSC) transplantation has been considered a promising option for hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis (HBV-C). Although an analysis of the published literature has been performed, the exact effects and safety have yet to be systematically investigated. Methods We conducted a wide-ranging online search of electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang database) to reach systematic conclusions. Outcome measurements, including therapeutic efficacy, clinical symptoms, and adverse events, were extracted and analyzed statistically. Results Ultimately, a total of 10 articles including 662 HBV-C patients were included in this analysis, which indicated that ABMSC therapy could significantly improve liver function in patients with HBV-C in terms of the MELD and Child-Pugh scores, total bilirubin, serum albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and coagulation function. Compared with patients receiving routine therapy (RT), those treated with ABMSC and RT combined therapy showed improved clinical symptoms, as represented by increased appetite and reduced fatigue and ascitic fluid and abdominal distension. Moreover, the fibrosis indexes indicated a reduction in liver fibrosis in patients treated with combined therapy according to the improved levels of hyaluronic acid (MD = − 70.47, CI = − 103.72–37.21, P < 0.0001), laminin (MD = − 25.11, CI = − 37.73–12.49, P < 0.0001), type III procollagen (MD = − 22.42, CI = − 34.49–10.34, P = 0.0003), and type IV collagen (MD = − 22.50, CI = − 39.92–5.08, P = 0.01). No obvious adverse events occurred during ABMSC treatment. Conclusion ABMSC transplantation via the hepatic artery was safe and effective in treating HBV-C without causing severe adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ani Sun
- Infection Control Office, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261041, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wenni Gao
- Dispensing room for intravenous transfusion, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261041, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ting Xiao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Weifang People's Hospital, Guangwen Street, No.151, Weifang, 261041, Shandong Province, China.
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Hartwig V, Dewidar B, Lin T, Dropmann A, Ganss C, Kluth MA, Tappenbeck N, Tietze L, Christ B, Frank M, Vogelmann R, Ebert MPA, Dooley S. Human skin-derived ABCB5 + stem cell injection improves liver disease parameters in Mdr2KO mice. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:2645-2660. [PMID: 31435712 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02533-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although liver transplantation is a potential effective cure for patients with end-stage liver diseases, this strategy has several drawbacks including high cost, long waiting list, and limited availability of liver organs. Therefore, stem cell-based therapy is presented as an alternative option, which showed promising results in animal models of acute and chronic liver injuries. ABCB5+ cells isolated from skin dermis represent an easy accessible and expandable source of homogenous stem cell populations. In addition, ABCB5+ cells showed already promising results in the treatment of corneal and skin injury. To date, the effect of these cells on liver injury is still unknown. In the current study, sixteen weeks old Mdr2KO mice were i.v. injected with 500,000 ABCB5+ cells using different experimental setups. The effects of cellular therapy on inflammation, fibrosis, apoptosis, and proliferation were analyzed in the collected liver tissues. Toxicity of ABCB5+ cells was additionally investigated in mice with partial liver resection. In vitro, the fibrosis- and inflammatory-modulating effects of supernatant from ABCB5+ cells were examined in the human hepatic stellate cell line (LX-2). Cell injections into fibrotic Mdr2KO mice as well as into mice upon partial liver resection have no signs of toxicity with regard to cell transformation, cellular damage, fibrosis or inflammation as compared to controls. We next investigated the effects of ABCB5+ cells on established biliary liver fibrosis in the Mdr2KO mice. ABCB5+ cells to some extent influenced the shape of the liver inflammatory response and significantly reduced the amount of collagen deposition, as estimated from quantification of sirius red staining. Furthermore, reduced apoptosis and enhanced death compensatory proliferation resulted from ABCB5+ cell transformation. The stem cells secreted several trophic factors that activated TGF-β family signaling in cultured LX-2 hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), therewith shaping cell fate to an αSMAhigh, Vimentinlow phenotype. Taken together, ABCB5+ cells can represent a safe and feasible strategy to support liver regeneration and to reduce liver fibrosis in chronic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Hartwig
- Section Molecular Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Bedair Dewidar
- Section Molecular Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Tao Lin
- Section Molecular Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anne Dropmann
- Section Molecular Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christoph Ganss
- RHEACELL GmbH and Co. KG, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- TICEBA GmbH, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mark Andreas Kluth
- RHEACELL GmbH and Co. KG, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- TICEBA GmbH, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Lysann Tietze
- Applied Molecular Hepatology, Department of Visceral Transplantation, Thoracic und Vascular Surgery, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bruno Christ
- Applied Molecular Hepatology, Department of Visceral Transplantation, Thoracic und Vascular Surgery, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Frank
- Department of Pediatrics and Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Roger Vogelmann
- Section Molecular Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias Philip Alexander Ebert
- Section Molecular Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Steven Dooley
- Section Molecular Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
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Cho KA, Lee HJ, Jeong H, Kim M, Jung SY, Park HS, Ryu KH, Lee SJ, Jeong B, Lee H, Kim HS. Tonsil-derived stem cells as a new source of adult stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:506-518. [PMID: 31523370 PMCID: PMC6716082 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i8.506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Located near the oropharynx, the tonsils are the primary mucosal immune organ. Tonsil tissue is a promising alternative source for the high-yield isolation of adult stem cells, and recent studies have reported the identification and isolation of tonsil-derived stem cells (T-SCs) from waste surgical tissue following tonsillectomies in relatively young donors (i.e., under 10 years old). As such, T-SCs offer several advantages, including superior proliferation and a shorter doubling time compared to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). T-SCs also exhibit multi-lineage differentiation, including mesodermal, endodermal (e.g., hepatocytes and parathyroid-like cells), and even ectodermal cells (e.g., Schwann cells). To this end, numbers of researchers have evaluated the practical use of T-SCs as an alternative source of autologous or allogenic MSCs. In this review, we summarize the details of T-SC isolation and identification and provide an overview of their application in cell therapy and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Ah Cho
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Hansaem Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Miri Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Jung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, South Korea
| | - Hae Sang Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Ha Ryu
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, South Korea
| | - Seung Jin Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Byeongmoon Jeong
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Hyukjin Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Han Su Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, South Korea
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Repeated Autologous Bone Marrow Transfusion through Portal Vein for Treating Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis after Splenectomy. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2018; 2018:4136082. [PMID: 30510572 PMCID: PMC6231388 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4136082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study is aimed at examining the impact of repeated intraportal autologous bone marrow transfusion (ABMT) in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis after splenectomy. Methods A total of 25 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis undergoing splenectomy were divided into ABMT and control groups. The portal vein was cannulated intraoperatively using Celsite Implantofix through the right gastroomental vein. Both groups were given a routine medical treatment. Then, 18 mL of autologous bone marrow was transfused through the port in the patients of the ABMT group 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after laminectomy, while nothing was given to the control group. All patients were monitored for adverse events. Liver function tests, including serum albumin (ALB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin (TB), prothrombin activity (PTA), cholinesterase (CHE), α-fetoprotein (AFP), and liver stiffness measurement (LSM), were conducted before surgery and 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. Results Significant improvements in ALB, ALT, and CHE levels and decreased LSM were observed in the ABMT group compared with those in the control group (P < 0.05). TB and PTA improved in both groups but with no significant differences between the groups. No significant changes were observed in AFP in the control group, but it decreased in the ABMT group. No major adverse effects were noted during the follow-up period in the patients of either group. Conclusions Repeated intraportal ABMT was clinically safe, and liver function of patients significantly improved. Therefore, this therapy has the potential to treat patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis after splenectomy. This trial was registered with the identification number of ChiCTR-ONC-17012592.
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Walker ND, Mourad Y, Liu K, Buxhoeveden M, Schoenberg C, Eloy JD, Wilson DJ, Brown LG, Botea A, Chaudhry F, Greco SJ, Ponzio NM, Pyrsopoulos N, Koneru B, Gubenko Y, Rameshwar P. Steroid-Mediated Decrease in Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Liver Transplant could Impact Long-Term Recovery. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 13:644-658. [PMID: 28733800 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-017-9751-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) remains the standard of care for end stage liver disease. To circumvent allo-rejection, OLT subjects receive gluococorticoids (GC). We investigated the effects of GC on endogenous mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells (MSCs) in OLT. This question is relevant because MSCs have regenerative potential and immune suppressor function. Phenotypic analyses of blood samples from 12 OLT recipients, at pre-anhepatic, anhepatic and post-transplant (2 h, Days 1 and 5) indicated a significant decrease in MSCs after GC injection. The MSCs showed better recovery in the blood from subjects who started with relatively low MSCs as compared to those with high levels at the prehepatic phase. This drop in MSCs appeared to be linked to GC since similar change was not observed in liver resection subjects. In order to understand the effects of GC on decrease MSC migration, in vitro studies were performed in transwell cultures. Untreated MSCs could not migrate towards the GC-exposed liver tissue, despite CXCR4 expression and the production of inflammatory cytokines from the liver cells. GC-treated MSCs were inefficient with respect to migration towards CXCL12, and this correlated with retracted cytoskeleton and motility. These dysfunctions were partly explained by decreases in the CXCL12/receptor axis. GC-associated decrease in MSCs in OLT recipients recovered post-transplant, despite poor migratory ability towards GC-exposed liver. In total, the study indicated that GC usage in transplant needs to be examined to determine if this could be reduced or avoided with adjuvant cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nykia D Walker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.,Rutgers Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Yasmine Mourad
- Rutgers Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Katherine Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Michael Buxhoeveden
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Catherine Schoenberg
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Jean D Eloy
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Dorian J Wilson
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Lloyd G Brown
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Andrei Botea
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Faraz Chaudhry
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Steven J Greco
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Nicholas M Ponzio
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Nikolaos Pyrsopoulos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Baburao Koneru
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Yuriy Gubenko
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
| | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA. .,Rutgers Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA.
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Current Perspectives Regarding Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Liver Cirrhosis. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 2018:4197857. [PMID: 29670867 PMCID: PMC5833156 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4197857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cirrhosis is a major cause of mortality and a common end of various progressive liver diseases. Since the effective treatment is currently limited to liver transplantation, stem cell-based therapy as an alternative has attracted interest due to promising results from preclinical and clinical studies. However, there is still much to be understood regarding the precise mechanisms of action. A number of stem cells from different origins have been employed for hepatic regeneration with different degrees of success. The present review presents a synopsis of stem cell research for the treatment of patients with liver cirrhosis according to the stem cell type. Clinical trials to date are summarized briefly. Finally, issues to be resolved and future perspectives are discussed with regard to clinical applications.
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Ratajczak MZ, Ciechanowicz AK, Kucharska-Mazur J, Samochowiec J. Stem cells and their potential clinical applications in psychiatric disorders. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 80:3-9. [PMID: 28435007 PMCID: PMC5623088 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The robustness of stem cells is one of the major factors that directly impacts life quality and life span. Evidence has accumulated that changes in the stem cell compartment affect human mental health and serve as an indicator of psychiatric problems. It is well known that stem cells continuously replace differentiated cells and tissues that are used up during life, although this replacement occurs at a different pace in the various organs. However, the participation of local neural stem cells in regeneration of the central nervous system is controversial. It is known that low numbers of stem cells circulate continuously in peripheral blood (PB) and lymph and undergo a circadian rhythm in their PB level, with the peak occurring early in the morning and the nadir at night, and recent evidence suggests that the number and pattern of circulating stem cells in PB changes in psychotic disorders. On the other hand, progress in the creation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from patient somatic cells provides valuable tools with which to study changes in gene expression in psychotic patients. We will discuss the various potential sources of stem cells that are currently employed in regenerative medicine and the mechanisms that explain some of their beneficial effects as well as the emerging problems with stem cell therapies. However, the main question remains: Will it be possible in the future to modulate the stem cell compartment to reverse psychiatric problems?
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Z Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Institute, 500 South Floyd Street, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville 40202, KY, USA; Department of Regenerative Medicine Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland.
| | | | | | - Jerzy Samochowiec
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Goichberg P. Current Understanding of the Pathways Involved in Adult Stem and Progenitor Cell Migration for Tissue Homeostasis and Repair. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2017; 12:421-37. [PMID: 27209167 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-016-9663-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
With the advancements in the field of adult stem and progenitor cells grows the recognition that the motility of primitive cells is a pivotal aspect of their functionality. There is accumulating evidence that the recruitment of tissue-resident and circulating cells is critical for organ homeostasis and effective injury responses, whereas the pathobiology of degenerative diseases, neoplasm and aging, might be rooted in the altered ability of immature cells to migrate. Furthermore, understanding the biological machinery determining the translocation patterns of tissue progenitors is of great relevance for the emerging methodologies for cell-based therapies and regenerative medicine. The present article provides an overview of studies addressing the physiological significance and diverse modes of stem and progenitor cell trafficking in adult mammalian organs, discusses the major microenvironmental cues regulating cell migration, and describes the implementation of live imaging approaches for the exploration of stem cell movement in tissues and the factors dictating the motility of endogenous and transplanted cells with regenerative potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Goichberg
- Department Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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11
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Yu SJ, Yoon JH, Kim W, Lee JM, Lee YB, Cho Y, Lee DH, Lee M, Yoo JJ, Cho EJ, Lee JH, Kim YJ, Kim CY. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous portal transplantation of peripheral blood monocytes in patients with liver cirrhosis. Korean J Intern Med 2017; 32:261-268. [PMID: 27044856 PMCID: PMC5339463 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2015.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Liver transplantation offers the only definite cure for cirrhosis but lacking donors is problem. Stem cell therapy is attractive in this setting. In this study, we aimed to explore the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided percutaneous portal transplantation of peripheral blood monocyte cell (PBMC) in cirrhotic patients. METHODS A total of nine decompensated cirrhotic patients were randomized into three groups: group 1 (n = 3) was control group, group 2 (n = 3) received granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) mobilization for 3 days, and group 3 (n = 3) received G-CSF mobilized PBMCs by leukapheresis and PBMC transplantation through ultrasound-guided percutaneous portal vein puncture. Liver function and clinical features were evaluated. RESULTS At baseline, the Child-Turcotte-Pugh and the model for end-stage liver disease scores were comparable in study groups. Compared with group 1, there was a tendency to improve liver function in group 3 at 6 months after treatment. Treatment was tolerable and no complications were encountered related to the G-CSF mobilization or percutaneous portal administration of PBMCs. Imaging studies showed patent portal veins at the end of the study period. CONCLUSIONS Autologous PBMC transplantation through ultrasound-guided percutaneous portal vein puncture could be considered as a safe alternative treatment for decompensated cirrhotic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jong Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Correspondence to Jung-Hwan Yoon, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea Tel: +82-2-2072-2228 Fax: +82-2-743-6701 E-mail:
| | - Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Min Lee
- Department of Radiology and Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Bin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yuri Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hyeon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minjong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Ju Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Ju Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chung Yong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Yao P. Stem cell based therapies for liver diseases: Current status and perspectives. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2017; 25:17-22. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v25.i1.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical applications of stem cells have attracted wide attention for years. Stem cells could be used to treat many diseases, such as nervous diseases, diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, liver diseases, and cancer. There have been many reports about the applications of stem cells in liver diseases, although there are still many problems. Stem cell based therapies will emerge as a promising option for the treatment of liver diseases.
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Cen P, Chen J, Hu C, Fan L, Wang J, Li L. Noninvasive in-vivo tracing and imaging of transplanted stem cells for liver regeneration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:143. [PMID: 27664081 PMCID: PMC5035504 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0396-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Terminal liver disease is a major cause of death globally. The only ultimate therapeutic approach is orthotopic liver transplant. Because of the innate defects of organ transplantation, stem cell-based therapy has emerged as an effective alternative, based on the capacity of stem cells for multilineage differentiation and their homing to injured sites. However, the disease etiology, cell type, timing of cellular graft, therapeutic dose, delivery route, and choice of endpoints have varied between studies, leading to different, even divergent, results. In-vivo cell imaging could therefore help us better understand the fate and behaviors of stem cells to optimize cell-based therapy for liver regeneration. The primary imaging techniques in preclinical or clinical studies have consisted of optical imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, radionuclide imaging, reporter gene imaging, and Y chromosome-based fluorescence in-situ hybridization imaging. More attention has been focused on developing new or modified imaging methods for longitudinal and high-efficiency tracing. Herein, we provide a descriptive overview of imaging modalities and discuss recent advances in the field of molecular imaging of intrahepatic stem cell grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Cen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine; First Affiliated Hospital; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine; First Affiliated Hospital; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Chenxia Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine; First Affiliated Hospital; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Linxiao Fan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine; First Affiliated Hospital; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine; First Affiliated Hospital; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine; First Affiliated Hospital; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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Zou QY, Lv XD, Chen L, Zhan LL, Lv XP. HGF gene modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of hepatic fibrosis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:5479-5484. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i34.5479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is a reversible pathological change caused by liver cell inflammation, necrosis, or abnormal hyperplasia of connective tissue. It has been proved that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) gene modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can reduce or inhibit liver fibrosis, with better effects than those of unmodified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Thus, HGF gene modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells represent a promising method for anti-hepatic fibrosis.
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Zheng S, Yang J, Tang Y, Yang J, Shao Q, Guo L, Liu Q. Effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplantation on the serum and liver HMGB1 expression in rats with acute liver failure. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:15985-92. [PMID: 26884873 PMCID: PMC4730086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation on the expression of high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) in the serum and liver of rats with acute liver failure (ALF). METHODS Healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, ALF group and BMSCs group. ALF was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 900 mg/kg D-GalN and 10 μg/kg LPS. In BMSCs group, rats received BMSCs (1.0×10(7)) transplantation via the tail vein at 2 h after ALF induction. RESULTS Intraperitoneal injection of 900 mg/kg D-GalN and 10 μg/kg LPS was able to induce ALF in rats. In ALF group, serum ALT and AST increased gradually over time. At 72 h, the serum ALT and AST in BMSCs group were significantly different from those in ALF group. HMGB1 expression in the serum and liver remained at a low level at any time point in control group, but increased significantly in ALF group and BMSCs group. The serum and liver HMGB1 expression increased progressively in ALF group, but reduced gradually in BMSCs group. Significant difference in serum and liver HMGB1 expression was observed between ALF group and BMSCs group at 24 h and 72 h. In addition, there was marked difference in the survival rate among three groups at 24 h (χ (2) =21.098, P<0.01). CONCLUSION BMSCs transplantation is able to improve the liver function and liver pathology in ALF rats and decrease the serum and liver HMGB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunming 650011, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunming 650011, China
| | - Yingmei Tang
- Center for Liver Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650021, China
| | - Jinhui Yang
- Center for Liver Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650021, China
| | - Qinghua Shao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunming 650011, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Scientific Research and Education, Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunming 650011, China
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Owen A, Newsome PN. Mesenchymal stromal cell therapy in liver disease: opportunities and lessons to be learnt? Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2015; 309:G791-800. [PMID: 26316587 PMCID: PMC4652139 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00036.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
End-stage liver disease is responsible for 30,000 deaths per year in the United States alone, and it is continuing to increase every year. With liver transplantation the only curative treatment currently available, new therapies are in great demand. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) offer an opportunity to both treat liver inflammatory damage, as well as reverse some of the changes that occur following chronic liver injury. With the ability to regulate both the innate and adaptive immune system, as well as both inhibit and promote apoptosis of effector inflammatory cells, there are numerous therapeutic opportunities for MSC in acute and chronic liver disease. This article critically appraises the potential therapeutic roles of MSC in liver disease, as well as the barriers to their adoption into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Owen
- 1National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit and Centre for Liver Research, Birmingham, United Kingdom; and
| | - Philip N. Newsome
- 1National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit and Centre for Liver Research, Birmingham, United Kingdom; and ,2Liver Unit, University Hospital Birmingham National Health Service Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Song YM, Lian CH, Wu CS, Ji AF, Xiang JJ, Wang XY. Effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplanted via the portal vein or tail vein on liver injury in rats with liver cirrhosis. Exp Ther Med 2015; 9:1292-1298. [PMID: 25780424 PMCID: PMC4353761 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplanted via the portal vein or tail vein on liver injury in rats with liver cirrhosis. BMSCs were isolated from rat bone marrow and labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP). Then, the labeled BMSCs were injected into rats with liver injury via the portal vein or tail vein. Two weeks after transplantation, three rats in each group were sacrificed to test the distribution of GFP in the liver and the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and albumin. Six weeks later, the remaining rats were sacrificed, and serum ALT, AST, albumin, hyaluronic acid (HA), laminin (LN) and procollagen type III (PC-III) levels were measured. The expression of albumin in the liver was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Two weeks after BMSC transplantation, GFP-positive cells were detected in the livers of rats with BMSCs transplanted via the portal vein and tail vein. Compared with pre-transplantation levels, the ALT levels of the groups with BMSC transplantation via the portal vein and tail vein were significantly decreased after two and six weeks of BMSC transplantation (P<0.05), whereas the AST and albumin levels were not significantly different at two weeks after BMSC transplantation in the two groups (all P>0.05). However, the AST and albumin levels were significantly reduced at six weeks after BMSC transplantation (all P<0.05). At six weeks after BMSC transplantation, the serum HA, LN and PC-III levels in rats transplanted with BMSCs via the portal vein or tail vein had decreased significantly (all P<0.05), as compared with the levels prior to BMSC transplantation. BMSCs transplanted via the portal vein and tail vein achieved similar improvements in liver function in rats with liver cirrhosis, which suggests that peripheral venous administration is a convenient and effective route for BMSC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ming Song
- Department of General Surgery, Heping Hospital, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Hong Lian
- Department of General Surgery, Heping Hospital, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Song Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Fang Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Heping Hospital, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Juan-Juan Xiang
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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