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Jothimani D, Rela M, Kamath PS. Management of Portal Hypertension in the Older Patient. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2024; 26:231-240. [PMID: 38780678 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-024-00930-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THIS REVIEW Aging is a process of physiological slowing, reduced regenerative capacity and inability to maintain cellular homeostasis. World Health Organisation declared the commencement of population aging globally, largely attributed to improvement in the healthcare system with early diagnosis and effective clinical management. Liver ages similar to other organs, with reduction in size and blood flow. In this review we aim to evaluate the effect of aging in liver disease. RECENT FINDINGS Aging causes dysregulation of major carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism in the liver. Age is a major risk factor for liver fibrosis accelerated by sinusoidal endothelial dysfunction and immunological disharmony. Age plays a major role in patients with liver cirrhosis and influence outcomes in patients with portal hypertension. Transient elastography may be an useful tool in the assessment of portal hypertension. Hepatic structural distortion, increased vascular resistance, state of chronic inflammation, associated comorbidities, lack of physiological reserve in the older population may aggravate portal hypertension in patients with liver cirrhosis and may result in pronounced variceal bleed. Cut-offs for other non-invasive markers of fibrosis may differ in the elderly population. Non-selective beta blockers initiated at lower dose followed by escalation are the first line of therapy in elderly patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension, unless contraindicated. Acute variceal bleed in the elderly cirrhotic patients can be life threatening and may cause rapid exsanguination due to poor reserve and associated comorbidities. Vasoactive drugs may be associated with more adverse reactions. Early endoscopy may be warranted in the elderly patients with acute variceal bleed. Role of TIPS in the elderly cirrhotics discussed. Management of portal hypertension in the older population may pose significant challenges to the treating clinician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Jothimani
- Institute of Liver disease and Transplantation, Dr Rela Institute and Medical Centre, Chennai, India.
| | - Mohamed Rela
- Institute of Liver disease and Transplantation, Dr Rela Institute and Medical Centre, Chennai, India
| | - Patrick S Kamath
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, 55906, USA
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Fan Q, Wu G, Chen M, Luo G, Wu Z, Huo H, Li H, Zheng L, Luo M. Cediranib ameliorates portal hypertensive syndrome via inhibition of VEGFR-2 signaling in cirrhotic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 964:176278. [PMID: 38158116 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Portal hypertension (PHT) is a syndrome caused by systemic and portal hemodynamic disturbances with the progression of cirrhosis. However, the exact mechanisms regulating angiogenesis-related responses in PHT remain unclear. Cediranib is a potent inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinases, exhibiting a greater affinity for VEGFR-2. Liver cirrhosis was induced by common bile duct ligation (BDL) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Sham-operated rats were controls. BDL and sham rats were randomly allocated to receive Cediranib or vehicle after BDL. On the 28th day, portal hypertension related parameters were surveyed. Cediranib treatment could significantly reduce the portal pressure (PP) in BDL rats, while it did not affect the mean arterial pressure (MAP) in sham groups and BDL groups. Cediranib treatment could significantly affect the stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), superior mesenteric artery (SMA) flow and SMA resistance in BDL groups and BDL with Cediranib groups. Cediranib treatment could improve the mesenteric vascular remodeling and contractility. Cediranib treatment significantly reduced mesenteric vascular density. And phospho-VEGFR-2 was significantly downregulated by Cediranib. On the other hand, phospho-endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthases (phospho-eNOS) expressions were upregulated. Cediranib not only improved splanchnic hemodynamics, extrahepatic vascular remodeling and vasodilation, but also alleviated intrahepatic fibrosis and collagen deposition significantly. Cediranib treatment could reduce intrahepatic angiogenesis between BDL-vehicle and BDL-Cediranib rats. In conclusion, Cediranib could improve extrahepatic hyperdynamic circulation by inhibiting extrahepatic angiogenesis through inhibition of the VEGFR-2 signaling pathway, portal collateral circulation formation, as well as eNOS-mediated vasodilatation and vascular remodeling, and at the same time, Cediranib improved intrahepatic fibrogenesis and angiogenesis, which together alleviate cirrhotic PHT syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangbo Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guqing Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenghao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haizhong Huo
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjie Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Meng Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Zhang S, Cai L, Zhong H, Yang B, Song W, Jia H, Chen S, Zhu F, Li J, Yang C. Prognostic value of virtual portal pressure gradient response in compensated cirrhotic patients treated with carvedilol. Hepatol Res 2024; 54:78-90. [PMID: 37668257 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to assess the prognostic significance of virtual portal pressure gradient (vPPG) response to carvedilol in patients with compensated cirrhosis (CC). METHODS Compensated cirrhosis patients with high-risk varices were prospectively enrolled to receive carvedilol for prevention of first variceal hemorrhage (VH) and followed up for 1 year. The vPPG response was defined as a reduction of vPPG >10% from baseline after 1-month therapy. Logistic and Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors for vPPG response and first decompensation, respectively. Competitive risk models were constructed to predict disease progression, and validated using the C-index, Kaplan-Meier analysis, competitive risk analysis, and calibration curves. RESULTS A total of 129 patients completed this study, of whom 56 (43.4%) achieved vPPG response and were referred as vPPG responders. Baseline vPPG, red color sign, Model for End-stage Liver Disease score, serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and laminin levels significantly correlated with vPPG response, which itself was further documented as an independent predictor of VH, ascites, and overall decompensation events in CC. Moreover, the red color sign or Child-Turcotte-Pugh score effectively predicted VH, while ascites correlated well with portal flow velocity or MCP-1. The predictive models for VH and ascites showed a good discrimination with C-index values of 0.747 and 0.689 respectively, and the high consistency on calibration curves. CONCLUSION The vPPG response could be used as a noninvasive tool for prediction of disease progression in patients with CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Cai
- Department of Science and Research, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fengxian Guhua Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiping Song
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoyu Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengshang Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changqing Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Deng J, Qin L, Zhou Z. Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Reveal the Mechanism of Isodon ternifolius (D. Don) Kudo Against Liver Fibrosis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:2335-2351. [PMID: 37576085 PMCID: PMC10416792 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s412818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Many studies have demonstrated the hepatoprotective or anti-fibrotic effects of Isodon ternifolius, but its pharmacological basis and mechanism remain unclear. In this study, we used in vitro models to validate the predicted results and revealed the potential mechanism of action and active ingredients through network pharmacology methods and molecular docking. Methods The chemical components of Isodon ternifolius were identified by literatures. Potential targets of Isodon ternifolius were predicted by Swiss Target Prediction. The disease targets were collected through the databases of Gene Card. Common targets of Isodon ternifolius and liver fibrosis were obtained by online tool Venny 2.1. PPI protein interaction network was obtained using String database, and target protein interaction network was drawn using Cytoscape software. Signaling pathway enrichment analysis was performed on drug-disease targets with of DAVID database. Results Twenty-one potential active ingredients and 298 potential targets were predicted by Swiss Target Prediction platform. Ninety pathways related to liver fibrosis were obtained by KEGG enrichment. The TLR4, MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways are mostly associated with liver fibrosis. Molecular docking techniques were used to validate the core target proteins TNF, Akt1, MAPK1, EGFR and TLR4 binding to the ingredients of Isodon ternifolius, which showed that a multitude of ingredients of Isodon ternifolius were able to bind to the above target proteins, especially 2α-hydroxy oleanolic acid and (-)-Lambertic acid. Our experimental validation results showed that Isodon ternifolius inhibited the activation of PI3K-Akt and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Conclusion Through a network pharmacology approach and in vitro cell assay, we predicted and validated the active compounds of Isodon ternifolius and its potential targets for LF treatment. The results suggest that the mechanism of Isodon ternifolius treating LF by inhibiting angiogenesis may be related to the ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasheng Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Le Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhipin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
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Zidan A, El Saadany AA, El Maghraby GM, Abdin AA, Hedya SE. Potential cardioprotective and anticancer effects of carvedilol either free or as loaded nanoparticles with or without doxorubicin in solid Ehrlich carcinoma-bearing mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 465:116448. [PMID: 36921847 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the potential cardioprotective and anti-cancer effects of carvedilol (CAR) either free or as loaded nano-formulated with or without doxorubicin (DOX) in solid Ehrlich carcinoma (SEC)-bearing mice. It focused on assessment of cardiac damage, drug resistance, apoptosis, oxidative stress status, angiogenesis and proliferation. METHODS CAR was loaded into poly-D,L lactic-co-glycolic acid)PLGA(or Niosomes. SEC was induced in female albino mice as an experimental model of breast cancer. Seventy-two mice were randomly divided into 9 equal groups (Normal control, Untreated-SEC, SEC + DOX, SEC + CAR-free, SEC + CAR-PLGA, SEC + CAR-Niosomes, SEC + DOX + CAR-free, SEC + DOX + CAR-PLGA and SEC + DOX + CAR-Niosomes). Tumor volume and survival rate were recorded. On day 28 from tumor inoculation, mice were sacrificed, and blood samples were collected for determination of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB). One part from tumor tissues was prepared for assessment of multidrug resistance protein-1 (MDR-1), caspase-3, reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA), while the other part was processed for histopathological examination and immunohistochemical expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Ki-67. RESULTS There was non-significant difference between CAR-free, CAR-PLGA and CAR-Niosomes as anticancer either alone or when combined with DOX. However, CAR-free demonstrated potential cardioprotective effects against cardiac damage mediated by cancer or DOX that have been enhanced using CAR-PLGA or CAR-Niosomes, but that of Niosomes outperformed them both. CONCLUSION CAR could be used as an adjuvant therapy with DOX, especially when nanoformualted with PLGA and even better with Niosomes, without compromising its cytotoxicity against cancer cells and preventing its cardiotoxic impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Zidan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt.
| | - Amira A El Saadany
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Gamal M El Maghraby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Amany A Abdin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Sabeha E Hedya
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
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Gillespie SL, Hanrahan TP, Rockey DC, Majumdar A, Hayes PC. Review article: controversies surrounding the use of carvedilol and other beta blockers in the management of portal hypertension and cirrhosis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2023; 57:454-463. [PMID: 36691947 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced chronic liver disease is an increasing cause of premature morbidity and mortality in the UK. Portal hypertension is the primary driver of decompensation, including the development of ascites, hepatic encephalopathy and variceal haemorrhage. Non-selective beta blockers (NSBB) reduce portal pressure and are well established in the prevention of variceal haemorrhage. Carvedilol, a newer NSBB, is more effective at reducing portal pressure due to additional α-adrenergic blockade and has additional anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects. AIM To summarise the available evidence on the use of beta blockers, specifically carvedilol, in cirrhosis, focussing on when and why to start METHODS: We performed a comprehensive literature search of PubMed for relevant publications. RESULTS International guidelines advise the use of NSBB in primary prophylaxis against variceal haemorrhage in those with high-risk varices, with substantial evidence of efficacy comparable with endoscopic band ligation (EBL). NSBB are also well established in secondary prophylaxis, in combination with EBL. More controversial is their use in patients without large varices, but with clinically significant portal hypertension. However, there is gathering evidence that NSBB, particularly carvedilol, reduce the risk of decompensation and improve survival. While caution is advised in patients with advanced cirrhosis and refractory ascites, recent evidence suggests that NSBB can continue to be used safely, and that premature discontinuation may be detrimental. CONCLUSIONS With increasing evidence of benefit independent of variceal bleeding, namely retardation of decompensation and improvement in survival, it is time to consider whether carvedilol should be offered to all patients with advanced chronic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Timothy P Hanrahan
- Centre for Liver and Digestive Disorders, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Don C Rockey
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Avik Majumdar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia.,The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter C Hayes
- Centre for Liver and Digestive Disorders, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Sesamin Attenuates VEGFA-Induced Angiogenesis via Inhibition of Src and FAK Signaling in Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Model and Human Endothelial EA.hy926 Cells. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010188. [PMID: 36672695 PMCID: PMC9855418 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesamin, a major phytochemical in sesame seeds and oil, has been reported to have effects on physiological and pathological angiogenesis in several studies. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of sesamin's effect on angiogenesis are not understood well enough. This study aimed to investigate its effect on both physiological and pathological angiogenesis using the in vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model and the in vitro human endothelial cell line, EA.hy926, model. Sesamin inhibited the VEGFA-induced pathological angiogenesis significantly, although no effect was seen on angiogenesis without induction. It reduced the formation of vascular branches in the VEGFA-treated CAMs and also the proliferation and migration of EA.hy926 endothelial cells induced by VEGFA. Sesamin impeded the VEGF-mediated activation of Src and FAK signaling proteins, which may be responsible for sesamin-mediated reduction of pathological angiogenesis. Moreover, the effect of sesamin on the expressions of angiogenesis-related genes was then investigated and it was found that both mRNA and protein expressions of Notch1, the key pathway in vascular development, induced by VEGFA, were significantly reduced by sesamin. Our results altogether suggested that sesamin, by inhibiting pathological angiogenesis, has the potential to be employed in the prevention or treatment of diseases with over-angiogenesis, such as cancers.
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Lv H, Liu B, Qin Y. Investigation of the Effects of Some Cardiovascular Drugs on Angiogenesis by Transgenic Zebrafish. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:1958046. [PMID: 37138666 PMCID: PMC10151143 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1958046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Angiogenesis contributes to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Some cardiovascular drugs used in the treatment of CVD have an effect on the process of angiogenesis. Methods Transgenic Tg (flk1: EGFP) zebrafish embryos were used to identify the effects of some cardiovascular drugs on angiogenesis during vertebral development in vivo. Zebrafish embryos at a one-cell stage or two-cell stage were cultured with embryo medium containing cardiovascular drugs at a final solvent concentration of 0.5% (V/V) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for 24 hours in 24-well plates. Results We found that 6 drugs including isosorbide mononitrate, amlodipine, bisoprolol fumarate, carvedilol, irbesartan, and rosuvastatin calcium may affect angiogenesis by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway. Conclusion These new findings of some cardiovascular drugs should improve the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lv
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yongwen Qin
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Changhai Hospital Affiliated to The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Mahmoudi A, Atkin SL, Jamialahmadi T, Banach M, Sahebkar A. Effect of Curcumin on Attenuation of Liver Cirrhosis via Genes/Proteins and Pathways: A System Pharmacology Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204344. [PMID: 36297027 PMCID: PMC9609422 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Liver cirrhosis is a life-threatening seqsuel of many chronic liver disorders of varying etiologies. In this study, we investigated protein targets of curcumin in liver cirrhosis based on a bioinformatics approach. Methods: Gene/protein associations with curcumin and liver cirrhosis were probed in drug−gene and gene−diseases databases including STITCH/DGIdb/DisGeNET/OMIM/DISEASES/CTD/Pharos and SwissTargetPrediction. Critical clustering groups (MCODE), hub candidates and critical hub genes in liver cirrhosis were identified, and connections between curcumin and liver cirrhosis-related genes were analyzed via Venn diagram. Interaction of hub genes with curcumin by molecular docking using PyRx-virtual screening tools was performed. Results: MCODE analysis indicated three MCODEs; the cluster (MCODE 1) comprised 79 nodes and 881 edges (score: 22.59). Curcumin database interactions recognized 318 protein targets. Liver cirrhosis genes and curcumin protein targets analysis demonstrated 96 shared proteins, suggesting that curcumin may influence 20 candidate and 13 hub genes, covering 81% of liver cirrhosis critical genes and proteins. Thirteen shared proteins affected oxidative stress regulation, RNA, telomerase activity, cell proliferation, and cell death. Molecular docking analysis showed the affinity of curcumin binding hub genes (Binding affinity: ΔG < −4.9 kcal/mol). Conclusions: Curcumin impacted on several critical liver cirrhosis genes mainly involved in extracellular matrix communication, focal adhesion, and the response to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mahmoudi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Stephen L. Atkin
- School of Postgraduate Studies and Research, RCSI Medical University of Bahrain, Busaiteen, Bahrain
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz (MUL), 93-338 Lodz, Poland
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Gora, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.B.); or (A.S.); Tel.: +98-513-180-1239 (A.S.); Fax: +98-513-800-2287 (A.S.)
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.B.); or (A.S.); Tel.: +98-513-180-1239 (A.S.); Fax: +98-513-800-2287 (A.S.)
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Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers and hepatocellular carcinoma survival: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Clin Exp Med 2022:10.1007/s10238-022-00842-z. [PMID: 35737170 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00842-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preclinical data have revealed that beta-adrenergic stimulation can affect the growth and progression of different types of malignancies. Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers have been associated with improved survival in patients with many types of cancer. We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association between beta-blocker use and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis. METHODS In this meta-analysis, a full search was conducted using PubMed, the Cochrane library and Embase to identify all relevant studies published up to May 2021. Available hazard ratios (HRs) were extracted for overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS) and pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Four studies involving 7252 patients with HCC met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systemic review. Three studies that reported OS data of 5148 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The random-effects model showed that beta-blocker use was associated with significantly improved OS in HCC (HR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.54-0.88, P = 0.0031), without significant heterogeneity (I2 = 41%; Q = 6.42, P = 0.18). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggested that beta-blocker use can be associated with prolonged OS of patients with HCC.
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Wijarnpreecha K, Li F, Xiang Y, Xu X, Zhu C, Maroufy V, Wang Q, Tao W, Dang Y, Pham HA, Zhou Y, Li J, Zhang X, Xu H, Taner CB, Yang L, Tao C. Nonselective beta-blockers are associated with a lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among cirrhotic patients in the United States. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2021; 54:481-492. [PMID: 34224163 DOI: 10.1111/apt.16490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated an association between nonselective beta-blockers (NSBBs) and lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in cirrhosis. However, there has been no population-based study investigating the risk of HCC among cirrhotic patients treated using carvedilol. AIMS To determine the risk of HCC among cirrhotic patients with NSBBs including carvedilol. METHODS This retrospective cohort study utilised the Cerner Health Facts database in the United States from 2000 to 2017. Kaplan-Meier estimate, Cox proportional hazards regression, and propensity score matching (PSM) were used to test the HCC risk among the carvedilol, nadolol, and propranolol groups compared with no beta-blocker group. RESULTS The final cohort comprised 107 428 eligible patients. The 100-month cumulative HCC incidence of NSBBs was significantly lower than the no beta-blocker group (carvedilol (11.24%) vs no beta-blocker (15.69%), nadolol (27.55%) vs no beta-blocker (32.11%), and propranolol (26.17%) vs no beta-blocker (28.84%) (P values < 0.0001). NSBBs were associated with a significantly lower risk of HCC (Hazard ratio: carvedilol 0.61 (95% CI 0.51-0.73), nadolol 0.74 (95% CI 0.63-0.87), propranolol 0.75 (95% CI 0.66-0.84) after PSM in the multivariate cox analysis. In subgroup analysis, NSBBs reduced the risk of HCC in cirrhosis with complications and non-alcoholic cirrhosis. CONCLUSIONS NSBBs, including carvedilol, were associated with a significantly decreased risk of HCC in patients with cirrhosis when compared with no beta-blocker regardless of complications status. Future randomised-controlled studies comparing the incidence of HCC among NSBBs should elucidate which NSBB would be the best option to prevent HCC in cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fang Li
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Xun Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cong Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vahed Maroufy
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wei Tao
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yifang Dang
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Huy Anh Pham
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yujia Zhou
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jianfu Li
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hua Xu
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - C Burcin Taner
- Department of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Cui Tao
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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12
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Lee SG, Kim JS, Kim HJ, Schlaepfer DD, Kim IS, Nam JO. Endothelial angiogenic activity and adipose angiogenesis is controlled by extracellular matrix protein TGFBI. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9644. [PMID: 33958649 PMCID: PMC8102489 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88959-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have suggested that extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and the microenvironment are tightly associated with adipogenesis and adipose angiogenesis. In the present study, we demonstrated that transforming growth factor-beta induced (TGFBI) suppresses angiogenesis stimulated by adipocyte-conditioned medium (Ad-CM), both in vitro and in vivo. TGFBI knockout (KO) mice exhibited increased numbers of blood vessels in adipose tissue, and blood vessels from these mice showed enhanced infiltration into Matrigel containing Ad-CM. The treatment of Ad-CM-stimulated SVEC-10 endothelial cells with TGFBI protein reduced migration and tube-forming activity. TGFBI protein suppressed the activation of the Src and extracellular signaling-related kinase signaling pathways of these SVEC-10 endothelial cells. Our findings indicated that TGFBI inhibited adipose angiogenesis by suppressing the activation of Src and ERK signaling pathways, possibly because of the stimulation of the angiogenic activity of endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Gi Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Soo Kim
- National Institute for Korean Medicine Development, Kyeongsan, 38540, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Jeong Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - David D Schlaepfer
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - In-San Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Ock Nam
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Li H. Angiogenesis in the progression from liver fibrosis to cirrhosis and hepatocelluar carcinoma. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 15:217-233. [PMID: 33131349 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2021.1842732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Persistent inflammation and hypoxia are strong stimulus for pathological angiogenesis and vascular remodeling, and are also the most important elements resulting in liver fibrosis. Sustained inflammatory process stimulates fibrosis to the end-point of cirrhosis and sinusoidal portal hypertension is an important feature of cirrhosis. Neovascularization plays a pivotal role in collateral circulation formation of portal vein, mesenteric congestion, and high perfusion. Imbalance of hepatic artery and portal vein blood flow leads to the increase of hepatic artery inflow, which is beneficial to the formation of nodules. Angiogenesis contributes to progression from liver fibrosis to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and anti-angiogenesis therapy can improve liver fibrosis, reduce portal pressure, and prolong overall survival of patients with HCC. Areas covers: This paper will try to address the difference of the morphological characteristics and mechanisms of neovascularization in the process from liver fibrosis to cirrhosis and HCC and further compare the different efficacy of anti-angiogenesis therapy in these three stages. Expert opinion: More in-depth understanding of the role of angiogenesis factors and the relationship between angiogenesis and other aspects of the pathogenesis and transformation may be the key to enabling future progress in the treatment of patients with liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Central Laboratory, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P. R. China
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14
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Hu D, Jiang J, Lin Z, Zhang C, Moonasar N, Qian S. Identification of key genes and pathways in scleral extracellular matrix remodeling in glaucoma: Potential therapeutic agents discovered using bioinformatics analysis. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:1554-1565. [PMID: 33746571 PMCID: PMC7976561 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.52846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness. Remodeling of the scleral extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in the development of glaucoma. The aim of this study was to identify the key genes and pathways for the ECM remodeling of sclera in glaucoma by bioinformatics analysis and to explore potential therapeutic agents for glaucoma management. Methods: Genes associated with glaucoma, sclera and ECM remodeling were detected using the text mining tool pubmed2ensembl, and assigned Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways using the GeneCodis program. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by STRING and visualized in Cytoscape, module analysis was performed using the Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) plugin, and GO and KEGG analyses of the gene modules were performed using the Database of Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) platform. The genes that clustered in the significant module were selected as core genes, and functions and pathways of the core genes were visualized using ClueGO and CluePedia. Lastly, the drug-gene interaction database was used to explore drug-gene interactions of the core genes to find drug candidates for glaucoma. Results: We identified 125 genes common to "Glaucoma", "Sclera", and "ECM remodeling" by text mining. Gene functional enrichment analysis yielded 30 enriched GO terms and 20 associated KEGG pathways. A PPI network that included 60 nodes with 249 edges was constructed, and three gene modules were obtained using the MCODE. We selected 13 genes that clustered in module 1 as core candidate genes that were associated mainly with ECM degradation and cell proliferation and division. The HIF-1 signaling pathway, FOXO signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and TGFB signaling pathway were found to be enriched. We found that 11 of the 13 selected genes could be targeted by 26 existing drugs. Conclusions: The results showed that VEGFA, TGFB1, TGFB2, TGFB3, IGF2, IGF1, EGF, FN1, KNG1, TIMP1, SERPINE1, THBS1, and VWF were potential key genes involved to scleral ECM remodeling. Furthermore, 26 drugs were identified as potential therapeutic agents for glaucoma treatment and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junhong Jiang
- The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhong Lin
- The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Shaohong Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Zadorozhna M, Di Gioia S, Conese M, Mangieri D. Neovascularization is a key feature of liver fibrosis progression: anti-angiogenesis as an innovative way of liver fibrosis treatment. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:2279-2288. [PMID: 32040707 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05290-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis affects over 100 million people in the world; it represents a multifactorial, fibro-inflammatory disorder characterized by exacerbated production of extracellular matrix with consequent aberration of hepatic tissue. The aetiology of this disease is very complex and seems to involve a broad spectrum of factors including the lifestyle, environment factors, genes and epigenetic changes. More evidences indicate that angiogenesis, a process consisting in the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels, plays a crucial role in the progression of liver fibrosis. Central to the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis is the hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) which represent a crossroad among inflammation, fibrosis and angiogenesis. Quiescent HSCs can be stimulated by a host of growth factors, pro-inflammatory mediators produced by damaged resident liver cell types, as well as by hypoxia, contributing to neoangiogenesis, which in turn can be a bridge between acute and chronic inflammation. As matter of fact, studies demonstrated that neutralization of vascular endothelial growth factor as well as other proangiogenic agents can attenuate the progression of liver fibrosis. With this review, our intent is to discuss the cause and the role of angiogenesis in liver fibrosis focusing on the current knowledge about the impact of anti-angiogenetic therapies in this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Zadorozhna
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - Sante Di Gioia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - Massimo Conese
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - Domenica Mangieri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122, Foggia, Italy.
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Liu T, Sun F, Cui J, Zheng S, Li Z, Guo D, Tian X, Zhu Z, Zheng W, Wang Y, Wang W. Morroniside enhances angiogenesis and improves cardiac function following acute myocardial infarction in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 872:172954. [PMID: 31991140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.172954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is critical for re-establishing blood supply to the ischemic myocardium after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study aimed to investigate the effects of morroniside on angiogenesis after AMI and explored associated proangiogenic mechanisms. A rat model of AMI was established by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery followed by administration of three doses of morroniside. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to identify newly generated endothelial cells and arterioles. The protein expression levels associated with angiogenesis were examined by western blots. Echocardiography was used to examine cardiac function. Our data revealed that morroniside promoted angiogenesis and improved cardiac function in rats with AMI. The proangiogenic effect of morroniside might be mediated by the VEGFA/VEGF receptor 2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- Department of Experimental Animal Center, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, PR China
| | - Fangling Sun
- Department of Experimental Animal Center, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, PR China
| | - Jiamin Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, 563000, PR China
| | - Songyang Zheng
- Department of Experimental Animal Center, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, PR China
| | - Zijie Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, 563000, PR China
| | - Deyu Guo
- Department of Experimental Animal Center, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, PR China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Experimental Animal Center, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, PR China
| | - Zixin Zhu
- Department of Experimental Animal Center, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, PR China
| | - Wenrong Zheng
- Department of Experimental Animal Center, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, PR China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Experimental Animal Center, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, PR China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Experimental Animal Center, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, PR China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
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Carvedilol Inhibits Angiotensin II-Induced Proliferation and Contraction in Hepatic Stellate Cells through the RhoA/Rho-Kinase Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:7932046. [PMID: 31828132 PMCID: PMC6885148 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7932046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aim Carvedilol is a nonselective beta-blocker used to reduce portal hypertension. This study investigated the effects and potential mechanisms of carvedilol in angiotensin II- (Ang II-) induced hepatic stellate cell (HSC) proliferation and contraction. Methods The effect of carvedilol on HSC proliferation was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). Cell cycle progression and apoptosis in HSCs were determined by flow cytometry. A collagen gel assay was used to confirm HSC contraction. The extent of liver fibrosis in mice was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Sirius Red staining. Western blot analyses were performed to detect the expression of collagen I, collagen III, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), Ang II type I receptor (AT1R), RhoA, Rho-kinase 2 (ROCK2), and others. Results The results showed that carvedilol inhibited HSC proliferation and arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase in a dose-dependent manner. Carvedilol also modulated Bcl-2 family proteins and increased apoptosis in Ang II-treated HSCs. Furthermore, carvedilol inhibited HSC contraction induced by Ang II, an effect that was associated with AT1R-mediated RhoA/ROCK2 pathway interference. In addition, carvedilol reduced α-SMA expression and collagen deposition and attenuated liver fibrosis in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-treated mice. The in vivo data further confirmed that carvedilol inhibited the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), AT1R, RhoA, and ROCK2. Conclusions The results indicated that carvedilol dose-dependently inhibited Ang II-induced HSC proliferation by impeding cell cycle progression, thus alleviating hepatic fibrosis. Furthermore, carvedilol could inhibit Ang II-induced HSC contraction by interfering with the AT1R-mediated RhoA/ROCK2 pathway.
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18
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Adachi M, Watanabe M, Kurata Y, Inoue Y, Notsu T, Yamamoto K, Horie H, Tanno S, Morita M, Miake J, Hamada T, Kuwabara M, Nakasone N, Ninomiya H, Tsuneto M, Shirayoshi Y, Yoshida A, Nishimura M, Yamamoto K, Hisatome I. β-Adrenergic Blocker, Carvedilol, Abolishes Ameliorating Actions of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Sheets on Cardiac Dysfunction and Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction. Circ J 2019; 83:2282-2291. [PMID: 31527337 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-19-0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of myocardial infarction (MI) includes inhibition of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Cell-based therapy using adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) has emerged as a novel therapeutic approach to treat heart failure in MI. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a combination of ASC transplantation and SNS inhibition synergistically improves cardiac functions after MI.Methods and Results:ASCs were isolated from fat tissues of Lewis rats. In in vitro studies using cultured ASC cells, mRNA levels of angiogenic factors under normoxia or hypoxia, and the effects of norepinephrine and a β-blocker, carvedilol, on the mRNA levels were determined. Hypoxia increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA in ASCs. Norepinephrine further increased VEGF mRNA; this effect was unaffected by carvedilol. VEGF promoted VEGF receptor phosphorylation and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, which were inhibited by carvedilol. In in vivo studies using a rat MI model, transplanted ASC sheets improved contractile functions of MI hearts; they also facilitated neovascularization and suppressed fibrosis after MI. These beneficial effects of ASC sheets were abolished by carvedilol. The effects of ASC sheets and carvedilol on MI heart functions were confirmed by Langendorff perfusion experiments using isolated hearts. CONCLUSIONS ASC sheets prevented cardiac dysfunctions and remodeling after MI in a rat model via VEGF secretion. Inhibition of VEGF effects by carvedilol abolished their beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Adachi
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Tottori University Graduate School of Medical Science
| | - Mai Watanabe
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Tottori University Graduate School of Medical Science
| | - Yasutaka Kurata
- Department of Physiology II, Kanazawa Medical University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Yumiko Inoue
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Tottori University Graduate School of Medical Science
| | - Tomomi Notsu
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Tottori University Graduate School of Medical Science
| | - Kenshiro Yamamoto
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Tottori University Graduate School of Medical Science
| | - Hiromu Horie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Shogo Tanno
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Tottori University Graduate School of Medical Science
| | - Maki Morita
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Junichiro Miake
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Toshihiro Hamada
- Department of Community-Based Family Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine
| | | | - Naoe Nakasone
- Department of Biological Regulation, Tottori University
| | | | - Motokazu Tsuneto
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Tottori University Graduate School of Medical Science
| | - Yasuaki Shirayoshi
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Tottori University Graduate School of Medical Science
| | - Akio Yoshida
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Tottori University Graduate School of Medical Science
| | - Motonobu Nishimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Ichiro Hisatome
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Tottori University Graduate School of Medical Science
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Wu Y, Li Z, Xiu AY, Meng DX, Wang SN, Zhang CQ. Carvedilol attenuates carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis and hepatic sinusoidal capillarization in mice. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:2667-2676. [PMID: 31534314 PMCID: PMC6681906 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s210797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aim To investigate the effect of carvedilol on liver fibrosis and hepatic sinusoidal capillarization in mice with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced fibrosis. Methods A liver fibrosis mouse model was induced by intraperitoneal CCl4 injection for 8 weeks. The mice were divided into five experimental groups: the normal group, the oil group, the CCl4 group, the CCl4+carvedilol (5 mg/kg/d) group, and the CCl4+carvedilol (10 mg/kg/d) group. The extent of liver fibrosis was evaluated by histopathological staining, and the changes in fenestrations of hepatic sinus endothelial cells were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and vascular endothelial markers was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot assays. The effect of carvedilol on cell apoptosis was studied via Terminal deoxynucleotidyl Transferase Mediated dUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) assay, and the serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and angiopoietin-2 were detected through a Luminex assay. Results Liver fibrosis in CCl4-treated mice was attenuated by reduced accumulation of collagen and the reaction of inflammation with carvedilol treatment. Carvedilol reduced the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and increased the number of apoptotic cells. The expression of α-SMA, CD31, CD34 and VWF (von Willebrand factor) was significantly decreased after carvedilol treatment. In addition, the number of fenestrae in the hepatic sinusoid showed notable differences between the groups, and the serum levels of MMP-8, VEGF and angiopoietin-2 were increased in the mice with liver fibrosis and reduced by carvedilol treatment. Conclusion The study demonstrated that carvedilol could prevent further development of liver fibrosis and hepatic sinusoidal capillarization in mice with CCl4-induced fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Health Digestion, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Yuan Xiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Xiao Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Ning Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Qing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
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20
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Ling L, Li G, Wang G, Meng D, Li Z, Zhang C. Carvedilol improves liver cirrhosis in rats by inhibiting hepatic stellate cell activation, proliferation, invasion and collagen synthesis. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1605-1612. [PMID: 31257490 PMCID: PMC6625452 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Portal hypertension (PHT) is one of the most severe consequences of liver cirrhosis. Carvedilol is a first-line pharmacological treatment of PHT. However, the antifibrogenic effects of carvedilol on liver cirrhosis and the intrinsic mechanisms underlying these effects have not been thoroughly investigated. The present study aimed to investigate the antifibrogenic effects of carvedilol on liver cirrhosis in vivo and in vitro. Liver cirrhosis was induced in rats by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) administration for 9 weeks; carvedilol was administered simultaneously in the experimental group. Blood samples were collected for serum biochemistry. Liver tissues were used for fibrosis evaluation, histological examination, immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. The human hepatic stellate cell (HSC) line LX-2 was used for in vitro studies. The effects of carvedilol on LX-2 cell proliferation and invasion were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and Transwell invasion assays, respectively. The effect of carvedilol on transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1)-induced collagen synthesis in LX-2 cells and the molecular mechanisms were examined by western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that carvedilol improved CCl4-induced structural distortion and fibrosis in the liver. Carvedilol inhibited HSC activation, proliferation and invasion. Carvedilol inhibited HSC collagen synthesis through the TGFβ1/SMAD pathway. In conclusion, carvedilol may alleviate liver cirrhosis in rats by inhibiting HSC activation, proliferation, invasion and collagen synthesis. Carvedilol may be a potential treatment of early-stage liver cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Ling
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Guangqi Li
- Department of Oncology, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, P.R. China
| | - Guangchuan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Dongxiao Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Chunqing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
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Han Y, Pan L, Ran S, Song Y, Sun FF, Wang YZ, Hong Y. Rhizoma Paridis saponins ameliorates hepatic fibrosis in rats by downregulating expression of angiogenesis‑associated growth factors. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:3548-3554. [PMID: 30864692 PMCID: PMC6471138 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we demonstrated that Rhizoma Paridis saponins (RPS), the major active component of Rhizoma Paridis, may exhibit hepatoprotective effects. The present study aimed to identify the potential mechanism of RPS on hepatic injury and improvement in hepatic fibrosis (HF). A HF model was created in Sprague-Dawley rats by administration of carbon tetrachloride. RPS was administered for treatment following creation of the HF model. The protein and mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) was detected by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. RPS was demonstrated to improve hepatic inflammation and decrease HF severity according to hematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome staining. Following RPS treatment, the level of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and malondialdehyde, and expression levels of the mRNA and protein of VEGF, ERK1/2, PDGF and α-SMA in the model group was decreased. By contrast, the content of glutathione-PX and superoxide dismutase was increased. These data suggest that RPS may treat HF primarily through downregulation of the expression levels of the mRNA and phosphorylated VEGF, ERK1/2, PDGF and α-SMA proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanquan Han
- Grade 3 Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Lingyu Pan
- Grade 3 Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Shan Ran
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Yan Song
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Fang Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Zhong Wang
- Grade 3 Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Yan Hong
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
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Carvedilol attenuates liver fibrosis by suppressing autophagy and promoting apoptosis in hepatic stellate cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:1617-1627. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Ling L, Li G, Meng D, Wang S, Zhang C. Carvedilol Ameliorates Intrahepatic Angiogenesis, Sinusoidal Remodeling and Portal Pressure in Cirrhotic Rats. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:8290-8297. [PMID: 30448852 PMCID: PMC6253986 DOI: 10.12659/msm.913118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carvedilol is the first-line drug for the primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding due to portal hypertension (PHT) in liver cirrhosis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of carvedilol on intrahepatic angiogenesis and sinusoidal remodeling in cirrhotic rats and explore the underlying mechanisms of carvedilol in PHT. MATERIAL AND METHODS For in vivo experiments, carbon tetrachloride was used to induce liver cirrhosis in rats, and carvedilol was simultaneously administered by gavage. The portal pressure was measured in rats, and liver tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry. Sinusoidal remodeling was observed by transmission electron microscopy. For in vitro experiments, the effects of carvedilol on fibronectin (FN) synthesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were explored by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. RESULTS Portal vein pressure measurements showed that carvedilol reduced portal pressure in cirrhotic rats. Immunohistochemistry assays indicated that carvedilol ameliorated intrahepatic angiogenesis. Transmission electron microscopy examination demonstrated that carvedilol improved sinusoidal remodeling. In the in vitro experiments, carvedilol suppressed transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1)-induced FN synthesis in HUVECs by inhibition of the TGFβ1/Smads pathway. CONCLUSIONS Carvedilol ameliorated intrahepatic angiogenesis, sinusoidal remodeling and portal pressure in cirrhotic rats. Carvedilol improved sinusoidal remodeling by suppressing FN synthesis in endothelial cells. Carvedilol has potential utility for treating early-stage liver cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Ling
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Guangqi Li
- Department of Oncology, Binzhou People’s Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Dongxiao Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Sining Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Chunqing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
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Erturk I, Saglam K, Elasan S, Aykan MB, Acar R, Yesildal F, Aydin FN, Ozgurtas T. Evaluation of the effects of different treatment modalities on angiogenesis in heart failure patients with reduced/mid-range ejection fraction via VEGF and sVEGFR-1. Saudi Med J 2018; 39:1028-1034. [PMID: 30284587 PMCID: PMC6201020 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2018.10.22946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the clinical significance of VEGF, sVEGFR-1 in heart failure reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and heart failure mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) patients. Methods: A total of 104 people consisting of HFrEF and HFmrEF patients (n=54) and healthy (n=50) subjects were included in this comparative cross-sectional study. The study took place in Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey, between 2011 and 2013. Serum VEGF, sVEGFR-1, plasma pro-BNP analysis and transthoracic echocardiography were performed. Results: The average sVEGFR-1 level of the HFrEF and HFmrEF patients was significantly higher than the control group (0.185±0.122; 0.141±0.120; p=0.013). The average sVEGFR-1 level of the HFrEF and HFmrEF patients using beta-blocker was significantly higher than the HFrEF and HFmrEF patients not using it (p=0.015). There was a significant and positive correlation between sVEGFR-1 and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP) levels in the group with HF (r=0.211, p=0.044). Conclusion: It increases awareness about the role of sVEGFR-1 in HFrEF anf HFmrEF patients and the need for further studies. Beta-blocker may have a negative effect on angiogenesis in HFrEF and HFmrEF via increasing sVEGFR-1 levels. Additionally, Pro-BNP may contribute to inhibiting angiogenesis by increasing sVEGFR-1 levels and sVEGFR-1 may be an important biomarker in HFrEF and HFmrEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Erturk
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Gulhane School of Medicine, Etlik, Ankara, Turkey. E-mail.
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25
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Li P, Chen D, Cui Y, Zhang W, Weng J, Yu L, Chen L, Chen Z, Su H, Yu S, Wu J, Huang Q, Guo X. Src Plays an Important Role in AGE-Induced Endothelial Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Tubulogenesis. Front Physiol 2018; 9:765. [PMID: 29977209 PMCID: PMC6021521 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), produced by the non-enzymatic glycation of proteins and lipids under hyperglycemia or oxidative stress conditions, has been implicated to be pivotal in the development of diabetic vascular complications, including diabetic retinopathy. We previously demonstrated that Src kinase played a causative role in AGE-induced hyper-permeability and barrier dysfunction in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). While the increase of vascular permeability is the early event of angiogenesis, the effect of Src in AGE-induced angiogenesis and the mechanism has not been completely revealed. Here, we investigated the impact of Src on AGE-induced HUVECs proliferation, migration, and tubulogenesis. Inhibition of Src with inhibitor PP2 or siRNA decreased AGE-induced migration and tubulogenesis of HUVECs. The inactivation of Src with pcDNA3/flag-SrcK298M also restrained AGE-induced HUVECs proliferation, migration, and tube formation, while the activation of Src with pcDNA3/flag-SrcY530F enhanced HUVECs angiogenesis alone and exacerbated AGE-induced angiogenesis. AGE-enhanced HUVECs angiogenesis in vitro was accompanied with the phosphorylation of ERK in HUVECs. The inhibition of ERK with its inhibitor PD98059 decreased AGE-induced HUVECs angiogenesis. Furthermore, the inhibition and silencing of Src suppressed the AGE-induced ERK activation. And the silencing of AGEs receptor (RAGE) inhibited the AGE-induced ERK activation and angiogenesis as well. In conclusions, this study demonstrated that Src plays a pivotal role in AGE-promoted HUVECs angiogenesis by phosphorylating ERK, and very likely through RAGE-Src-ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Li
- Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Deshu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Cui
- Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Weng
- Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixian Chen
- Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenfeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiying Su
- Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengxiang Yu
- Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaobing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Guo
- Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Ding Q, Li Z, Liu B, Ling L, Tian X, Zhang C. Propranolol prevents liver cirrhosis by inhibiting hepatic stellate cell activation mediated by the PDGFR/Akt pathway. Hum Pathol 2018. [PMID: 29514109 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Propranolol is known to reduce portal pressure by decreasing blood flow to the splanchnic circulation and the liver. However, it is unknown if propranolol improves fibrogenesis and sinusoidal remodeling in the cirrhotic liver. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of propranolol on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis in a mouse model and the intrinsic mechanisms underlying those effects. In this study, a hepatic cirrhosis mouse model was induced by CCl4 administration for 6 weeks. Propranolol was simultaneously administered orally in the experimental group. Liver tissue and blood samples were collected for histological and molecular analyses. LX-2 cells induced by platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) were used to evaluate the anti-fibrogenic effect of propranolol in vitro. The results showed that treatment of mice with CCl4 induced hepatic fibrosis, as evidenced by inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen deposition and abnormal vascular formation in the liver tissue. All these changes were significantly attenuated by propranolol treatment. Furthermore, we also found that propranolol inhibited PDGF-BB-induced hepatic stellate cell migration, fibrogenesis, and PDGFR/Akt phosphorylation. Taken together, propranolol might prevent CCl4-induced liver injury and fibrosis at least partially through inhibiting the PDGF-BB-induced PDGFR/Akt pathway. The anti-fibrogenic effect of propranolol may support its status as a first-line treatment in patients with chronic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Liver Diseases Prevention and Control, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507 Japan
| | - Liping Ling
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Liver Diseases Prevention and Control, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangguo Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Chunqing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China.
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27
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Zhu R, Wang Z, Liang P, He X, Zhuang X, Huang R, Wang M, Wang Q, Qian Y, Wang S. Efficient VEGF targeting delivery of DOX using Bevacizumab conjugated SiO 2@LDH for anti-neuroblastoma therapy. Acta Biomater 2017; 63:163-180. [PMID: 28923539 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in angiogenesis and is highly expressed in carcinoma, which make it an important target for tumor targeting therapy. Neuroblastoma is the main cause for cancer-related death in children. Like most solid tumors, it is also accompanied with the overexpression of VEGF. Doxorubicin Hydrochloride (DOX), a typical chemotherapeutic agent, exhibits efficient anticancer activities for various cancers. However, DOX, without targeting ability, usually causes severe damage to normal tissues. To overcome the shortages, we designed a novel nano-composite, which is Bevacizumab (Bev) modified SiO2@LDH nanoparticles (SiO2@LDH-Bev), loading with DOX to achieve targeting ability and curative efficiency. SiO2@LDH-DOX and SiO2@LDH-Bev-DOX nanoparticles were synthesized and the physicochemical properties were characterized by TEM detection, Zeta potential analysis, FTIR, Raman and XPS analysis. Then in vitro and in vivo anti-neuroblastoma efficiency, targeting ability and mechanisms of anti-carcinoma and anti-angiogenesis of SiO2@LDH-Bev-DOX were explored. Our results indicated that we obtained the core-shell structure SiO2@LDH-Bev with an average diameter of 253±10nm and the amount of conjugated Bev was 4.59±0.38μg/mg SiO2@LDH-Bev. SiO2@LDH-Bev-DOX could improve the cellular uptake and the targeting effect of DOX to brain and tumor, enhance the anti-neuroblastoma and anti-angiogenesis efficiency both in vitro and in vivo, and alleviate side effects of DOX sharply, especially hepatic injury. In addition, we also demonstrated that angiogenesis inhibitory effect was mediated by DOX and VEGF triggered signal pathways, including PI3K/Akt, Raf/MEK/ERK, and adhesion related pathways. In summary, SiO2@LDH-Bev could be a potential VEGF targeting nanocarrier applied in VEGF positive cancer therapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This paper explored that a novel core-shell structure nanomaterial SiO2@LDH and modified SiO2@LDH with Bevacizumab (Bev) to form a new tumor vasculature targeting nanocarrier SiO2@LDH-Bev as vector of DOX, which was not reported before. The results indicated that SiO2@LDH-Bev could improve the VEGF targeting ability, anti-neuroblastoma and anti-angiogenesis efficiency of DOX. At the same time, SiO2@LDH-Bev-DOX could erase the cardiac toxicity and hepatic injury coming from DOX. Tube formation showed SiO2@LDH-Bev-DOX had the strongest effect on inhibiting angiogenesis among all the four formulations. SiO2@LDH-Bev-DOX could downregulate expression of p-VEGFR and inhibit activation of the Raf/MEK/ERK, p38MAPK, PI3K/Akt and FAK signaling pathways to achieve the goal of anti-angiogenesis. This work provides a novel system for the safe and efficient use of Bev and DOX on Neuroblastoma and explores the mechanism of the function of nano carrier in cancer therapy both in vitro and in vivo.
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Li Y, Xiong L, Gong J. Lyn kinase enhanced hepatic fibrosis by modulating the activation of hepatic stellate cells. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:2865-2877. [PMID: 28670375 PMCID: PMC5489887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The non-selectivity of tyrosine kinase inhibitors is the leading cause of drug withdrawals, and limits their application in anti-fibrosis. The role of Src tyrosine kinase Lyn in hepatic fibrosis remains elusive. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the role of Lyn kinase in the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis. Through examining Lyn-transgenic (Lyn TG) mice treated with CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride), we determined whether Lyn kinase is involved in the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis. On top of that, we also investigated the role of Lyn in the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in vitro. Here, we showed that Lyn kinase was highly expressed in liver fibrosis upon CCl4 treatment. Meanwhile, Lyn TG mice showed that perivascular infiltration of mononuclear cells, and the markers of liver injury and hepatocytes apoptosis were significantly increased in liver tissue after CCl4 treatment. In comparison with wild-type (WT) mice after CCl4 treatment, we found that the fibrotic score in liver tissues of Lyn TG mice with the same treatment went up dramatically, so did the gene expression of fibrotic markers. In addition, over-expression of Lyn kinase drastically promoted the expression of HSCs activation markers in vivo or in vitro. Additionally, the Src-specific inhibitor PP2 significantly suppressed the increased expression of integrin αvβ3 in TGF-β1-induced HSCs, and PP2 further induced HSC apoptosis in TGF-β1-treated cells. These results collectively indicated that Lyn kinase is implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis through the modulating of HSC activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Li
- The First Clinic College, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 401331, China
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400010, China
| | - Lin Xiong
- The School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016, China
| | - Jianping Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400010, China
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29
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Zhang WJ, Li PX, Guo XH, Huang QB. Role of moesin, Src, and ROS in advanced glycation end product-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction. Microcirculation 2017; 24. [DOI: 10.1111/micc.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-jin Zhang
- First Clinical College of Medicine; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou China
| | - Pei-xin Li
- First Clinical College of Medicine; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou China
| | - Xiao-hua Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology; Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong Province; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou China
| | - Qiao-bing Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology; Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong Province; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou China
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30
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Potential Role of Carvedilol in the Cardiac Immune Response Induced by Experimental Infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:9205062. [PMID: 28377930 PMCID: PMC5362721 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9205062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi causes a cardiac infection characterized by an inflammatory imbalance that could become the inciting factor of the illness. To this end, we evaluated the role of carvedilol, a beta-blocker with potential immunomodulatory properties, on the immune response in C57BL/6 mice infected with VL-10 strain of T. cruzi in the acute phase. Animals (n = 40) were grouped: (i) not infected, (ii) infected, (iii) infected + carvedilol, and (iv) not infected + carvedilol. We analyzed parameters related to parasitemia, plasma levels of TNF, IL-10, and CCL2, and cardiac histopathology after the administration of carvedilol for 30 days. We did not observe differences in the maximum peaks of parasitemia in the day of their detection among the groups. The plasma TNF was elevated at 60 days of infection in mice treated or not with carvedilol. However, we observed a decreased CCL2 level and increased IL-10 levels in those infected animals treated with carvedilol, which impacted the reduction of the inflammatory infiltration in cardiac tissue. For this experimental model, carvedilol therapy was not able to alter the levels of circulating parasites but modulates the pattern of CCL2 and IL-10 mediators when the VL10 strain of T. cruzi was used in C57BL6 mice.
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Sun YH, Zhang XY, Xie WQ, Liu GJ, He XX, Huang YL, Zhang GX, Wang J, Kuang ZY, Zhang R. Identification of UQCRB as an oxymatrine recognizing protein using a T7 phage display screen. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 193:133-139. [PMID: 27497639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sophora flavescens Aiton (Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, Kushen) is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and has the ability to clear heat and dampness from the body. Oxymatrine is one of the major bioactive compounds extracted from Sophora flavescens Aiton and constitutes more than 90% of the oxymatrine injection commonly used for CHB treatment in clinics in China. AIM OF THE STUDY We aim to analyze the protein binding target of oxymatrine in treating CHB by screening a T7 phage display cDNA library of human CHB and examine the biochemistry of protein-ligand binding between oxymatrine and its ligands. MATERIALS AND METHODS A T7 phage cDNA library of human CHB was biopanned by affinity selection using oxymatrine as bait. The interaction of oxymatrine with its candidate binding protein was investigated by affinity assay, molecular docking, Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). RESULTS A library of potential oxymatrine binding peptides was generated. Ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase binding protein (UQCRB) was one of the candidate binding proteins of oxymatrine. UQCRB-displaying T7 phage binding numbers in the oxymatrine group were significantly higher than that in the control group, biotin group, and matrine group (p<0.05 or p<0.01). Three-dimensional structure modeling of the UQCRB with oxymatrine showed that their binding interfaces matched and oxymatrine inserted into a deeper pocket of UQCRB, which mainly involved amino acid residues Tyr21, Arg33, Tyr83, Glu84, Asp86, Pro88, and Glu91. The binding affinity constant (Kb) from SPR was 4.2mM. The Kb from ITC experiment was 3.9mM and stoichiometry was fixed as 1, which fit very well with the result of SPR. The binding of oxymatrine to UQCRB was driven by strong enthalpy forces such as hydrogen bonds and polar interactions as the heat released was about 157kcal/mol and ΔG was less than zero. CONCLUSIONS In this study, using the T7 phage display system, we have identified UQCRB as a direct binding protein of oxymatrine. Furthermore, the specificity and molecular interaction of oxymatrine with UQCRB were also determined. The binding of UQCRB to oxymatrine suggests that UQCRB is a potential target of oxymatrine in treating CHB. These results provide new understanding into the mechanism of oxymatrine and insights into the strategy on the treatment of CHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hui Sun
- College of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Yuan Zhang
- College of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Wei-Qun Xie
- College of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Guang-Jian Liu
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510010, PR China.
| | - Xi-Xin He
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Ya-Li Huang
- College of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Guang-Xian Zhang
- College of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Zao-Yuan Kuang
- College of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Ren Zhang
- College of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Chiu WC, Chiou TJ, Chung MJ, Chiang AN. β2-Glycoprotein I Inhibits Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Induced Angiogenesis by Suppressing the Phosphorylation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2, Akt, and Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161950. [PMID: 27579889 PMCID: PMC5006999 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the process of new blood vessel formation, and it plays a key role in various physiological and pathological conditions. The β2-glycoprotein I (β2-GPI) is a plasma glycoprotein with multiple biological functions, some of which remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to identify the contribution of 2-GPI on the angiogenesis induced by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a pro-angiogenic factor that may regulate endothelial remodeling, and its underlying mechanism. Our results revealed that β2-GPI dose-dependently decreased the VEGF-induced increase in endothelial cell proliferation, using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and the bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assays. Furthermore, incubation with both β2-GPI and deglycosylated β2-GPI inhibited the VEGF-induced tube formation. Our results suggest that the carbohydrate residues of β2-GPI do not participate in the function of anti-angiogenesis. Using in vivo Matrigel plug and angioreactor assays, we show that β2-GPI remarkably inhibited the VEGF-induced angiogenesis at a physiological concentration. Moreover, β2-GPI inhibited the VEGF-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), Akt, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). In summary, our in vitro and in vivo data reveal for the first time that β2-GPI inhibits the VEGF-induced angiogenesis and highlights the potential for β2-GPI in anti-angiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chin Chiu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzeon-Jye Chiou
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ju Chung
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - An-Na Chiang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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