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Saadah OI, AlAmeel T, Al Sarkhy A, Hasosah M, Al-Hussaini A, Almadi MA, Al-Bawardy B, Altuwaijri TA, AlEdreesi M, Bakkari SA, Alharbi OR, Azzam NA, Almutairdi A, Alenzi KA, Al-Omari BA, Almudaiheem HY, Al-Jedai AH, Mosli MH. Saudi consensus guidance for the diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease in children and adolescents. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2024:00936815-990000000-00101. [PMID: 39215473 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_171_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in children and adolescents is challenging. Clear evidence-based guidelines are required for this population. This article provides recommendations for managing IBD in Saudi children and adolescents aged 6-19 years, developed by the Saudi Ministry of Health in collaboration with the Saudi Society of Clinical Pharmacy and the Saudi Gastroenterology Association. All 57 guideline statements are based on the most up-to-date information for the diagnosis and management of pediatric IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar I Saadah
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki AlAmeel
- Department of Medicine, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Al Sarkhy
- Gastroenterology Unit, Pediatrics Department, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Hasosah
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology Unit, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hussaini
- Children's Specialized Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid A Almadi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badr Al-Bawardy
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Talal A Altuwaijri
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed AlEdreesi
- Gastroenterology Unit, Pediatric Department, Al Habib Medical Group, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakir A Bakkari
- Department of Gastroenterology, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman R Alharbi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahla A Azzam
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulelah Almutairdi
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalidah A Alenzi
- Executive Management of Transformation, Planning, and Business Development, Tabuk Health Cluster, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bedor A Al-Omari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed H Al-Jedai
- Deputyship of Therapeutic Affairs, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Colleges of Medicine and Pharmacy, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud H Mosli
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Wang X, Almetwali O, Wang J, Wright Z, Patton-Tackett ED, Roy S, Tu L, Song G. Enhanced Risk of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Esophageal Complications in the Ulcerative Colitis Population. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4783. [PMID: 39200925 PMCID: PMC11355171 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Although heartburn and reflux are frequently reported in ulcerative colitis [UC], the correlation between UC and gastroesophageal reflux disease [GERD], and its complications, esophageal stricture and Barrett's esophagus [BE], is not well understood. This study aims to examine the prevalence and associated risk of GERD and its complications within the UC population. Methods: We analyzed the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) dataset, consisting of 7,159,694 patients, comparing GERD patients with and without UC to those without GERD. We assessed the degree of colonic involvement in UC and the occurrence of esophageal complications. Bivariate analyses were conducted using the chi-squared test or Fisher exact test (two-tailed). Results: A higher prevalence of GERD (23.0% vs. 16.5%) and GERD phenotypes, such as non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) (22.3% vs. 16%) and erosive esophagitis (EE) (1.2% vs. 0.6%), was found in UC patients (p < 0.01), including pancolitis, proctitis, proctosigmoiditis, left-sided colitis, and indetermined UC (with undefined colonic involvement). UC patients were more likely to develop GERD (1.421), NERD (1.407), and EE (1.681) (p < 0.01). A higher prevalence of esophageal stricture (16.9 vs. 11.4 per 10,000 patients) and BE without dysplasia (94.5 vs. 39.3 per 10,000 patients) was found in UC (p < 0.05). The odds of developing BE without dysplasia were higher (1.892) in patients with UC (p < 0.01), including ulcerative pancolitis, proctitis, and indeterminate UC (OR of 1.657, 3.328, and 1.996, respectively) (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our study demonstrates an increased risk of developing GERD and its complications in UC. This highlights the importance of vigilant monitoring and early intervention to minimize associated GERD-related risks in patients with UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Wang
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Digestive Disease & Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
- Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University Internal Medicine, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (O.A.); (J.W.); (Z.W.); (E.D.P.-T.); (S.R.)
| | - Omar Almetwali
- Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University Internal Medicine, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (O.A.); (J.W.); (Z.W.); (E.D.P.-T.); (S.R.)
| | - Jiayan Wang
- Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University Internal Medicine, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (O.A.); (J.W.); (Z.W.); (E.D.P.-T.); (S.R.)
| | - Zachary Wright
- Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University Internal Medicine, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (O.A.); (J.W.); (Z.W.); (E.D.P.-T.); (S.R.)
| | - Eva D. Patton-Tackett
- Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University Internal Medicine, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (O.A.); (J.W.); (Z.W.); (E.D.P.-T.); (S.R.)
| | - Stephen Roy
- Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University Internal Medicine, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (O.A.); (J.W.); (Z.W.); (E.D.P.-T.); (S.R.)
| | - Lei Tu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Gengqing Song
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Metrohealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
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Sataranatarajan K, Adhikari S, Nguyen N, Narasimhan M, Balani J, Muthukumar A. Performance Evaluation of Open Channel Buhlmann Fecal Calprotectin Turbo Assay on Abbott Alinity C Analyzer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1744. [PMID: 39202232 PMCID: PMC11353904 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14161744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Fecal calprotectin (fCAL) is a noninvasive laboratory test used in the diagnosis and monitoring of IBDs such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The fCAL send-out test that our facility has been offering so far uses an ELISA-based method. In the current study, we sought to validate the performance of a Buhlmann fCAL turbo assay in an automated Abbott Alinity C analyzer (AFCAL) in our core laboratory. Five-day imprecision studies showed good performance for both within-run (5.3%) and between-day (2.5%) measurements. The reportable range was verified as 30-20,000 µg/g. Deming regression and Bland-Altman analysis indicated a strong correlation of r = 0.99 with a low, acceptable bias of 1.8% for AFCAL relative to the predicate Buhlmann fCAL ELISA results. AFCAL's clinical performance was determined retrospectively in 62 patients with ICD codes for IBD. Overall, the implementation of AFCAL in our routine clinical testing has improved our turnaround time, reduced the cost per test, and significantly increased our clinician satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shishir Adhikari
- Core Laboratory, Clements University Hospital, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; (S.A.); (N.N.)
| | - Ngoc Nguyen
- Core Laboratory, Clements University Hospital, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; (S.A.); (N.N.)
| | - Madhusudhanan Narasimhan
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; (K.S.); (M.N.); (J.B.)
| | - Jyoti Balani
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; (K.S.); (M.N.); (J.B.)
| | - Alagarraju Muthukumar
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; (K.S.); (M.N.); (J.B.)
- Core Laboratory, Clements University Hospital, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; (S.A.); (N.N.)
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Wang Y, Abu-Sbeih H, Tang T, Shatila M, Faleck D, Harris J, Dougan M, Olsson-Brown A, Johnson DB, Shi C, Grivas P, Diamantopoulos L, Owen DH, Cassol C, Arnold CA, Warner DE, Alva A, Powell N, Ibraheim H, De Toni EN, Philipp AB, Philpott J, Sleiman J, Lythgoe M, Daniels E, Sandhu S, Weppler AM, Buckle A, Pinato DJ, Thomas A, Qiao W. Novel endoscopic scoring system for immune mediated colitis: a multicenter retrospective study of 674 patients. Gastrointest Endosc 2024; 100:273-282.e4. [PMID: 38272276 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2024.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS No endoscopic scoring system has been established for immune-mediated colitis (IMC). This study aimed to establish such a system for IMC and explore its utility in guiding future selective immunosuppressive therapy (SIT) use compared to clinical symptoms. METHODS This retrospective, international, 14-center study included 674 patients who developed IMC after immunotherapy and underwent endoscopic evaluation. Ten endoscopic features were selected by group consensus and assigned 1 point each to calculate an IMC endoscopic score (IMCES). IMCES cutoffs were chosen to maximize specificity for SIT use. This specificity was compared between IMCESs, and clinical symptoms were graded according to a standardized instrument. RESULTS A total of 309 (45.8%) patients received SIT. IMCES specificity for SIT use was 82.8% with a cutoff of 4. The inclusion of ulceration as a mandatory criterion resulted in higher specificity (85.0% for a cutoff of 4). In comparison, the specificity of a Mayo endoscopic subscore of 3 was 74.6%, and the specificity of clinical symptom grading was much lower at 27.4% and 12.3%, respectively. Early endoscopy was associated with timely SIT use (P < .001; r = 0.4084). CONCLUSIONS This is the largest multicenter study to devise an endoscopic scoring system to guide IMC management. An IMCES cutoff of 4 has a higher specificity for SIT use than clinical symptoms, supporting early endoscopic evaluation for IMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - Hamzah Abu-Sbeih
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Tenglong Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Malek Shatila
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - David Faleck
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jessica Harris
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael Dougan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Douglas B Johnson
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Chanjuan Shi
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Petros Grivas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, University of Washington, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Leonidas Diamantopoulos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, University of Washington, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Dwight H Owen
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Clarissa Cassol
- Division of Renal Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Christina A Arnold
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - David E Warner
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ajjai Alva
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nick Powell
- Royal Marsden Hospital, and Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hajir Ibraheim
- Royal Marsden Hospital, and Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Enrico N De Toni
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander B Philipp
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jessica Philpott
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Joseph Sleiman
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Gastroenterology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mark Lythgoe
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ella Daniels
- Department of Oncology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shahneen Sandhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alison M Weppler
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Buckle
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David J Pinato
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Division of Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Anusha Thomas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wei Qiao
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Chen Y, Chen L, Huang S, Yang L, Wang L, Yang F, Huang J, Ding X. Predicting novel biomarkers for early diagnosis and dynamic severity monitoring of human ulcerative colitis. Front Genet 2024; 15:1429482. [PMID: 39144720 PMCID: PMC11321978 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1429482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ulcerative colitis is an emerging global health concern that poses a significant threat to human health and can progress to colorectal cancer if not diagnosed and treated promptly. Currently, the biomarkers used clinically for diagnosis and dynamic severity monitoring lack disease specificity. Methods Mouse models induced with 2%, 2.5%, and 3% DSS were utilized to simulate human UC with varying severities of inflammation. Transcriptome sequencing technology was employed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the control group and each treatment group. Functional enrichment analysis of the KEGG database was performed for shared DEGs among the three treatment groups. DEGs that were significantly and strongly correlated with DSS concentrations were identified using Spearman correlation analysis. Human homologous genes of the interested DEGs were searched in the HomoloGene database, and their regulation patterns in UC patients were validated using the GSE224758 dataset. These genes were then submitted to the DisGeNET database to identify their known associations with human diseases. Online tools, including SignalP 6.0 and DeepTMHMM 1.0, were used to predict signal peptides and transmembrane helices in the amino acid sequences of human genes homologous to the DEGs of interest. Results A total of 1,230, 995, and 2,214 DEGs were identified in the 2%, 2.5%, and 3% DSS-induced groups, respectively, with 668 DEGs common across all three groups. These shared DEGs were primarily associated with signaling transport, pathogenesis, and immune response. Through extensive screening, LGI2 and PRSS22 were identified as potentially novel biomarkers with higher specificity and ease of detection for the early diagnosis and dynamic severity monitoring of human UC, respectively. Conclusion We have identified two potentially novel biomarkers, LGI2 and PRSS22, which are easy of detection and more specific for human UC. These findings provide new insights into the accurate diagnosis and dynamic monitoring of this persistent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Nutrition and Feed, National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Nutrition and Feed, National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
| | - Sheng Huang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Nutrition and Feed, National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Yang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Nutrition and Feed, National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Nutrition and Feed, National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
| | - Feiyun Yang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Nutrition and Feed, National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinxiu Huang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Nutrition and Feed, National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiuliang Ding
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Nutrition and Feed, National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
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Hong SM, Baek DH. Diagnostic Procedures for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Laboratory, Endoscopy, Pathology, Imaging, and Beyond. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1384. [PMID: 39001273 PMCID: PMC11241288 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14131384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Diagnosing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can often be challenging, and differentiating between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis can be particularly difficult. Diagnostic procedures for IBD include laboratory tests, endoscopy, pathological tests, and imaging tests. Serological and stool tests can be easily performed in an outpatient setting and provide critical diagnostic clues. Although endoscopy is an invasive procedure, it offers essential diagnostic information and allows for tissue biopsy and therapeutic procedures. Video capsule endoscopy and device-assisted enteroscopy are endoscopic procedures used to evaluate the small bowel. In addition to endoscopy, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and ultrasound (US) are valuable tools for small bowel assessment. Among these, US is noninvasive and easily utilized, making its use highly practical in daily clinical practice. Endoscopic biopsy aids in the diagnosis of IBD and is crucial for assessing the histological activity of the disease, facilitating a thorough evaluation of disease remission, and aiding in the development of treatment strategies. Recent advances in artificial intelligence hold promise for enhancing various aspects of IBD management, including diagnosis, monitoring, and precision medicine. This review compiles current procedures and promising future tools for the diagnosis of IBD, providing comprehensive insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Min Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Baek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea
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Li L, Cheng R, Wu Y, Lin H, Gan H, Zhang H. Diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease. J Evid Based Med 2024; 17:409-433. [PMID: 38934234 DOI: 10.1111/jebm.12626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and relapsing immune-mediated disease of the gastrointestinal tract with a gradually increasing global incidence and prevalence. A prolonged course of IBD leads to a decline in patient quality of life and the creation of a substantial economic burden on society. Owing to the lack of specific diagnostic markers, the diagnosis of IBD still needs a gold standard based on a combination of clinical manifestations, imaging, laboratory, and endoscopic results. Accordingly, the current goals of IBD treatment are to alleviate clinical symptoms and reduce recurrence rates. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a standard set of procedures to diagnose and treat IBD. In this review, we summarize prominent and emerging studies, outline classical and contemporary approaches to diagnosing and managing IBD, and integrate multiple guidelines. Furthermore, we propose the possibility of establishing an early and comprehensive diagnostic workflow and personalized management strategy in the future. We aim to enhance the quality and standardization of diagnostic and treatment procedures for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yushan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huatian Gan
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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McMillan C, Li DK, Mohamed G, Alsadoun DA, Almohsen LA, Gaidos JKJ, Proctor DD, Al-Bawardy B. Longer Colonoscopy Withdrawal Time Is Associated With the Detection of Visible Dysplasia in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease. CROHN'S & COLITIS 360 2024; 6:otae020. [PMID: 38585555 PMCID: PMC10998460 DOI: 10.1093/crocol/otae020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Colonoscopy withdrawal time (CWT) of at least 6-9 minutes is the minimum time needed for adequate adenoma detection in the general population. The ideal CWT in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been determined. We aimed to identify the optimal CWT associated with the detection of visible dysplasia in patients with IBD. Methods This is a retrospective study from 1/1/2017 to 9/1/2022 of adult patients with IBD in endoscopic healing undergoing surveillance via high-definition white light colonoscopy. The primary outcome was the association of CWT with visible dysplasia detection. Results A total of 259 patients (mean age 56 ± 14.8 years; 51.3% female, 68% with ulcerative colitis; 8.9% with primary sclerosing cholangitis) underwent 330 colonoscopies. Patients with visible dysplasia were more likely to be older (P < .001) and have a personal history of visible dysplasia (P < .001) and invisible dysplasia (P = .023). The mean CWT was significantly longer in the visible dysplasia group at 26 minutes (interquartile range [IQR] 20-38.5) vs. 21 minutes (IQR 15-28) in procedures without visible dysplasia (P < .001). On multivariable analysis, increased age (P < .001), increased CWT (P = .001), and personal history of visible dysplasia (P = .013) were independently associated with the detection of visible dysplasia. A CWT of ≥15 minutes (odds ratio [OR] 2.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-6.6; P = .02] and not ≥9 minutes (OR 2.57; 95% CI, 0.33-20.2; P = .35) is significantly associated with detection of visible dysplasia. Conclusions For patients with IBD undergoing surveillance via high-definition white light colonoscopy, the mean CWT was independently associated with the detection of visible dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Darrick K Li
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gamal Mohamed
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Danah A Alsadoun
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leena A Almohsen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jill K J Gaidos
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Deborah D Proctor
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Badr Al-Bawardy
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Ahmer W, Imtiaz S, Alam DM, Ahmed K, Sajid B, Yousuf J, Asnani S, Fahim MAA, Ali R, Mansoor M, Safdar MT, Anjum MU, Hasanain M, Larik MO. Remimazolam versus propofol for sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy and colonoscopy within elderly patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2024; 80:493-503. [PMID: 38261005 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-024-03624-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Propofol has become the sedative of choice for endoscopy and colonoscopy. However, it has shown associations with various adverse effects, specifically in the geriatric population. In contrast, remimazolam is a novel benzodiazepine, demonstrating a superior clinical safety profile. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to clarify the efficacy and safety of remimazolam versus propofol in elderly patients (≥ 60 years) undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopic and colonoscopy procedures. METHODS Electronic databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar were explored from inception till January 7, 2024. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Controlled Trials (RoB-2) was utilized to evaluate the quality of each included study reported in this meta-analysis. RESULTS Seven randomized control trials were included, resulting in the pooling of 1,466 patients (remimazolam: 731 patients; propofol: 735 patients). Propofol demonstrated a significantly lower time to loss of consciousness (P < 0.00001, 4 studies, 784 patients) and a greater sedation success after first dose (P = 0.05, 5 studies, 1,271 patients). Remimazolam reported a significantly lower risk of bradycardia (P = 0.02, 5 studies, 1,323 patients), hypoxemia (P < 0.00001, 6 studies, 1,389 patients), and pain on injection site (P < 0.00001, 5 studies, 1,184 patients). No statistically significant differences in sedation time, number of supplemental doses, procedural parameters, and other adverse outcomes were reported. CONCLUSION As per the results of our analyses, propofol demonstrated comparatively superior efficacy, however, remimazolam demonstrated comparatively superior safety. The debatable evidence generated from this meta-analysis may not currently be powerful enough to advocate for the use of remimazolam in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal procedures; hence, further comprehensive studies are necessary in order to arrive at a robust conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wania Ahmer
- Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sahar Imtiaz
- Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Khadija Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Barka Sajid
- Department of Medicine, Sindh Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Juvairia Yousuf
- Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sunny Asnani
- Department of Medicine, Sindh Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Rahmeen Ali
- Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Marium Mansoor
- Department of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Talha Safdar
- Department of Medicine, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College Lyari, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Muhammad Omar Larik
- Department of Medicine, Dow International Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan.
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10
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Bhowmik AA, Heikkilä TRH, Polari L, Virta J, Liljenbäck H, Moisio O, Li XG, Viitanen R, Jalkanen S, Koffert J, Toivola DM, Roivainen A. Detection of Intestinal Inflammation by Vascular Adhesion Protein-1-Targeted [ 68Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 Positron Emission Tomography in Murine Models of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Mol Imaging Biol 2024; 26:322-333. [PMID: 38110791 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-023-01885-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can be imaged with positron emission tomography (PET), but existing PET radiopharmaceuticals have limited diagnostic accuracy. Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) is an endothelial cell surface molecule that controls leukocyte extravasation into sites of inflammation. However, the role of inflammation-induced VAP-1 expression in IBD is still unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the utility of VAP-1-targeted [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for assessing inflammation in two mouse models of IBD. PROCEDURES Studies were performed using K8-/- mice that develop a chronic colitis-phenotype and C57Bl/6NCrl mice with acute intestinal inflammation chemically-induced using 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in drinking water. In both diseased and control mice, uptake of the VAP-1-targeting peptide [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 was assessed in intestinal regions of interest using in vivo PET/CT, after which ex vivo gamma counting, digital autoradiography, and histopathological analyses were performed. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to determine VAP-1-expression in the intestine, including in samples from patients with ulcerative colitis. RESULTS Intestinal inflammation could be visualized by [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 PET/CT in two murine models of IBD. In both models, the in vivo PET/CT and ex vivo studies of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 uptake were significantly higher than in control mice. The in vivo uptake was increased on average 1.4-fold in the DSS model and 2.0-fold in the K8-/- model. Immunofluorescence staining revealed strong expression of VAP-1 in the inflamed intestines of both mice and patients. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the VAP-1-targeting [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 PET tracer is a promising tool for non-invasive imaging of intestinal inflammation. Future studies in patients with IBD and evaluation of the potential value of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 in diagnosis and monitoring of the disease are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achol A Bhowmik
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Taina R H Heikkilä
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Lauri Polari
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Jenni Virta
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Heidi Liljenbäck
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
- Turku Center for Disease Modelling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Olli Moisio
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Xiang-Guo Li
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Riikka Viitanen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- InFLAMES Research Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jukka Koffert
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Gastroenterology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Diana M Toivola
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Turku Center for Disease Modelling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anne Roivainen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.
- Turku Center for Disease Modelling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- InFLAMES Research Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
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11
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Amadu M, Soldera J. Duodenal Crohn's disease: Case report and systematic review. World J Methodol 2024; 14:88619. [PMID: 38577197 PMCID: PMC10989410 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v14.i1.88619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis, microscopic colitis, and Crohn's disease (CD), has a global impact. This review focuses on duodenal CD (DCD), a rare subtype affecting the duodenum. DCD's rarity and asymptomatic nature create diagnostic challenges, impacting prognosis and patient well-being. Delayed diagnosis can worsen DCD outcomes. AIM To report a rare case of DCD and to discuss the diagnostic challenges and its implications on prognosis. METHODS A systematic literature search, following the PRISMA statement, was conducted. Relevant studies were identified and analysed using specific Medical Subject Terms (MeSH) from PubMed/MEDLINE, American Journal of Gastroenterology, and the University of South Wales database. Data collection included information from radiology scans, endoscopy procedures, biopsies, and histopathology results. RESULTS The review considered 8 case reports and 1 observational study, involving 44 participants diagnosed with DCD, some of whom developed complications due to delayed diagnosis. Various diagnostic methods were employed, as there is no gold standard workup for DCD. Radiology scans [magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and upper gastrointestinal X-ray], endoscopy procedures (colonoscopy and esophagogastroduodenoscopy), biopsies, and clinical suspicions were utilized. CONCLUSION This review discusses DCD diagnosis challenges and the roles of CT, MRI, and fluoroscopy. It notes their limitations and compares findings with endoscopy and histopathology studies. Further research is needed to improve diagnosis, emphasizing scan interpretation, endoscopy procedures, and biopsies, especially in high-risk patients during routine endoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muniratu Amadu
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of South Wales, Cardiff CF37 1DL, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Soldera
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of South Wales, Cardiff CF37 1DL, United Kingdom
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Saunders R, Calabrese C, Gelli D, Davis J, Torrejon Torres R. Validation of a Model Estimating the Budget Impact of Video Capsule Endoscopy for Surveillance of Crohn's Disease in an Italian Center. JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2024; 11:67-74. [PMID: 38463945 PMCID: PMC10924452 DOI: 10.36469/001c.92880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Background: Crohn's disease is a chronic ailment affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Mucosal healing, a marker of reduced disease activity, is currently assessed in the colonic sections using ileocolonoscopy and magnetic resonance enteroscopy. Video capsule endoscopy (VCE) offers visualization of the entire GI mucosae. Objective: To validate a Crohn's disease model estimating the budget impact of VCE compared with the standard of care (SOC) in Italy. Methods: A patient-level, discrete-event simulation was developed to estimate the budget impact of VCE compared with SOC for Crohn's disease surveillance over 5 years in the Italian setting. Input data were sourced from a physician-initiated study from Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital in Bologna, Italy, and the literature. The care pathway followed hospital clinical practice. Comparators were the current SOC (ileocolonoscopy, with or without magnetic resonance enteroscopy) and VCE. Sensitivity analysis was performed using 500-patient bootstraps. A comparative analysis regarding clinical outcomes (biologics use, surgical interventions, symptom remission) was performed to explore the validity of the model compared with real-world data. Cumulative event incidences were compared annually and semi-annually. Bayesian statistical analysis further validated the model. Results: Implementing VCE yielded an estimated €67 savings per patient per year, with savings in over 55% of patients, compared with SOC. While annual costs are higher up to the second year, VCE becomes cost saving from the third year onward. The real-world validation analysis proved a good agreement between the model and real-world patient records. The highest agreement was found for biologics, where Bayesian analysis estimated an 80.4% probability (95% CI: 72.2%-87.5%) that a decision maker would accept the result as an actual reflection of real-world data. Even where trend data diverged (eg, for surgery [43.1% likelihood of acceptance, 95% CI: 33.7%-52.8%]), the cumulative surgery count over 5 years was within the margin of error of the real-world data. Conclusions: Implementing VCE in the surveillance of patients with Crohn's disease and small bowel involvement may be cost saving in Italy. The congruence between model predictions and real-world patient records supports using this discrete-event simulation to inform healthcare decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlo Calabrese
- IBD UnitIRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Dania Gelli
- IBD UnitIRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jason Davis
- Coreva Scientific GmbH, Königswinter, Germany
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Xu C, Shao J. High-throughput omics technologies in inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 555:117828. [PMID: 38355001 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing intestinal disease. Elucidation of the pathogenic mechanisms of IBD requires high-throughput technologies (HTTs) to effectively obtain and analyze large amounts of data. Recently, HTTs have been widely used in IBD, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, microbiomics, metabolomics and single-cell sequencing. When combined with endoscopy, the application of these technologies can provide an in-depth understanding on the alterations of intestinal microbe diversity and abundance, the abnormalities of signaling pathway-mediated immune responses and functionality, and the evaluation of therapeutic effects, improving the accuracy of early diagnosis and treatment of IBD. This review comprehensively summarizes the development and advancement of HTTs, and also highlights the challenges and future directions of these technologies in IBD research. Although HTTs have made striking breakthrough in IBD, more standardized methods and large-scale dataset processing are still needed to achieve the goal of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- Laboratory of Anti-infection and Immunity, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Zhijing Building, 350 Longzihu Road, Xinzhan District, Hefei 230012, Anhui, PR China
| | - Jing Shao
- Laboratory of Anti-infection and Immunity, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Zhijing Building, 350 Longzihu Road, Xinzhan District, Hefei 230012, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Zhijing Building, 350 Longzihu Road, Xinzhan District, Hefei 230012, Anhui, PR China.
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14
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Kim DS, Ryu JE, Shin J, Koo HS, Lee S, Cho H, Na J, Huh KC. Diagnostic Value of Ileal Lesions Found during Colonoscopy with Reference to Endoscopic Indications and Findings. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1161. [PMID: 38398473 PMCID: PMC10889396 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13041161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The diagnostic value of ileoscopy is not well established, and its routine practice is controversial. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of biopsy for macroscopically abnormal lesions in the terminal ileum and to identify the association between endoscopic indications and findings and the presence of significant disease. This retrospective study included 551 patients who underwent biopsy of abnormal lesions in the terminal ileum (TI) during colonoscopy between February 2000 and June 2019. Biopsy results were analyzed in relation to the endoscopic indications and gross findings. Significant disease was defined as a case in which a specific disease was suspected or confirmed by the biopsy results, requiring additional examination or treatment. Among the 551 biopsies from macroscopically abnormal lesions in the TI, 44 (8.0%) had significant diseases. The frequency of significant disease was high in patients with clinically suspected inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (50.0%), anemia (31.6%), right lower quadrant (RLQ) pain (28.6%), and radiological abnormalities in the TI (27.5%). The frequency of Crohn's disease (CD) was high in patients with clinically suspected IBD. A concurrent abnormality in the ileocecal valve (ICV) (14.3%) and the presence of an ulcer (14.2%), mass, or polyp (25.4%) correlated with a high incidence of significant disease, particularly CD. In cases of suspected IBD, anemia, RLQ pain, and radiologic abnormalities in the TI, there is a high possibility of significant disease. Ulcers, masses, polyps, and concurrent abnormalities in the ICV were also associated with significant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Sung Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Ryu
- Healthcare Center, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Shin
- Konyang Medical Data Research Group-KYMERA, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Sup Koo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyuk Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwanhyi Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongheon Na
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Chan Huh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
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15
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Liu SH, Kang JC, Hu JM, Chen CY, Lin KH, Pu TW. Treatment of benign rectal stricture caused by repeated anal insertion by endoscopy and balloon dilation: A case report. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2024; 16:91-97. [PMID: 38464821 PMCID: PMC10921150 DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v16.i2.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benign rectal strictures can be categorized as primary (disease-related) and secondary (surgical anastomosis-related). Secondary strictures arise from surgical complications, whereas primary strictures have diverse etiologies, including various inflammatory conditions. Benign strictures are usually managed by surgery and endoscopy. We present an unusual etiology of benign rectal stricture caused by the repeated insertion of foreign objects into the rectum for sexual purposes, resulting in rectal injury and subsequent chronic inflammation. CASE SUMMARY A 53-year-old man presented to the outpatient clinic of the Colorectal Surgery Department with symptoms of chronic constipation and bloody stools. The patient previously experienced rectal injury due to foreign object insertion for sexual purposes. Colonoscopy revealed benign circumferential narrowing of the rectum. He underwent treatment by endoscopic argon plasma coagulation and balloon dilation and follow-up as an outpatient for 4 months. A colonoscopy at the end of the follow-up period revealed no evidence of rectal stricture relapse. CONCLUSION A history of rectal injury, followed by chronic inflammation, should be considered in patients with benign rectal strictures. Management with endoscopic argon plasma coagulation and balloon dilation can prevent the need for surgical resection of benign rectal strictures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hung Liu
- Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Cheng Kang
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taiwan Adventist Hospital, Taipei 105, Taiwan
| | - Je-Ming Hu
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yang Chen
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hsun Lin
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Wei Pu
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Songshan Branch, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 105, Taiwan
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Vitello A, Maida M, Shahini E, Macaluso FS, Orlando A, Grova M, Ramai D, Serviddio G, Facciorusso A. Current Approaches for Monitoring of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1008. [PMID: 38398321 PMCID: PMC10888591 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13041008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) require proactive monitoring both during the active phase to evaluate therapeutic response and during the remission phase to evaluate relapse or colorectal cancer surveillance. However, monitoring may vary between patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), with distinct tools and intervals. METHODS This narrative review aims to focus on modern approaches to IBD monitoring, considering international guidelines and expert consensus. RESULTS The most recent European diagnostic guidelines advocate a combination of clinical, laboratory, endoscopic, and radiological parameters to evaluate the disease course of patients with IBD. Unfortunately, the conventional symptom-based therapeutic approach does not improve long-term outcomes and there is no single ideal biomarker available. Endoscopy plays a key role in evaluating response to therapy as well as monitoring disease activity. Recently, bedside intestinal ultrasound (IUS) has gained increasing interest and diffusion as it appears to offer several advantages including the monitoring of therapeutic response. CONCLUSION In light of growing clinical advances, we present a schematic evidence-based monitoring algorithm that can be easily applied in clinical practice which combines all major monitoring modalities, including noninvasive tools such as IUS and video-capsule endoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Vitello
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, S. Elia Hospital, 93100 Caltanissetta, Italy; (A.V.); (M.M.)
| | - Marcello Maida
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, S. Elia Hospital, 93100 Caltanissetta, Italy; (A.V.); (M.M.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna ‘Kore’, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Endrit Shahini
- Gastroenterology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy;
| | - Fabio Salvatore Macaluso
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, A.O.O.R. “Villa Sofia-Cervello” Hospital, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.S.M.); (A.O.); (M.G.)
| | - Ambrogio Orlando
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, A.O.O.R. “Villa Sofia-Cervello” Hospital, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.S.M.); (A.O.); (M.G.)
| | - Mauro Grova
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, Department of Medicine, A.O.O.R. “Villa Sofia-Cervello” Hospital, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.S.M.); (A.O.); (M.G.)
| | - Daryl Ramai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA;
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Antonio Facciorusso
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
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Kim DS, Hong J, Ryu K, Lee SH, Cho H, Yu J, Lee J, Kim JY. Factors Affecting Adherence to National Colorectal Cancer Screening: A 12-Year Longitudinal Study Using Multi-Institutional Pooled Data in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2024; 39:e36. [PMID: 38288537 PMCID: PMC10825459 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consistent uptake of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is important to reduce the incidence and mortality from advanced-stage CRC and increase the survival rate of the patients. We conducted a longitudinal study to determine the factors affecting CRC screening compliance in Korean adults using individual-level linked data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, Korean National Health Insurance Service, and Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. METHODS We selected 3,464 adults aged 50-79 years as the study population and followed them for 12 years (January 2007-December 2018). The outcome variable was the level of adherence to CRC screening, categorized as nonadherent, intermittently adherent, and consistently adherent. An ordinal logistic regression model was designed to determine the socioeconomic factors, family history of CRC, and medical conditions that could facilitate the consistent uptake of CRC screening. RESULTS The results showed a significant and positive association between consistent uptake of CRC screening and the 100-150% income category (odds ratio [OR], 1.710; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.401-2.088); clerical, sales and service job category (OR, 1.962; 95% CI, 1.582-2.433); residency at medium-sized cities (OR, 1.295; 95% CI, 1.094-1.532); high-school graduation (OR, 1.440; 95% CI, 1.210-1.713); married status (OR, 2.281; 95% CI, 1.946-2.674); use of employment-based national health insurance (OR, 1.820; 95% CI, 1.261-2.626); use of private insurance (OR, 2.259; 95% CI, 1.970-2.589); no disability (OR, 1.428; 95% CI, 1.175-1.737); family history of CRC (OR, 2.027; 95% CI, 1.514-2.714); and history of colorectal neoplasm (OR, 1.216; 95% CI; 1.039-1.422). CONCLUSION The lack of regular participation in CRC screening programs in the Republic of Korea was found to be an issue that requires attention. Policies on CRC screening must place increased emphasis on strengthening educational and public relations initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Sung Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jeeyoung Hong
- Biomedical Research Institute, Konyang University Medical Center, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kihyun Ryu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang Hyuk Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hwanhyi Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jehyeong Yu
- Healthcare Data Science Center, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jieun Lee
- Healthcare Data Science Center, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jong-Yeup Kim
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
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Pei J, Wang G, Li Y, Li L, Li C, Wu Y, Liu J, Tian G. Utility of four machine learning approaches for identifying ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23439. [PMID: 38148824 PMCID: PMC10750181 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Peripheral blood routine parameters (PBRPs) are simple and easily acquired markers to identify ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) and reveal the severity, whereas the diagnostic performance of individual PBRP is limited. We, therefore used four machine learning (ML) models to evaluate the diagnostic and predictive values of PBRPs for UC and CD. Methods A retrospective study was conducted by collecting the PBRPs of 414 inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, 423 healthy controls (HCs), and 344 non-IBD intestinal diseases (non-IBD) patients. We used approximately 70 % of the PBRPs data from both patients and HCs for training, 30 % for testing, and another group for external verification. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the diagnosis and prediction performance of these four ML models. Results Multi-layer perceptron artificial neural network model (MLP-ANN) yielded the highest diagnostic performance than the other three models in six subgroups in the training set, which is helpful for discriminating IBD and HCs, UC and CD, active CD and remissive CD, active UC and remissive UC, non-IBD and HCs, and IBD and non-IBD with the AUC of 1.00, 0.988, 0.942, 1.00, 0.986, and 0.97 in the testing set, as well as the AUC of 1.00, 1.00, 0.773, 0.904, 1.00 and 0.992 in the external validation set. Conclusion PBRPs-based MLP-ANN model exhibited good performance in discriminating between UC and CD and revealing the disease activity; however, a larger sample size and more models need to be considered for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Pei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases, Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Guobing Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases, Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases, Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Lan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases, Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Chang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases, Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases, Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases, Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Gang Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases, Molecular Diagnosis of Clinical Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
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Ott A, Tutdibi E, Goedicke-Fritz S, Schöpe J, Zemlin M, Nourkami-Tutdibi N. Serum cytokines MCP-1 and GCS-F as potential biomarkers in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288147. [PMID: 37922289 PMCID: PMC10624322 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) with the subtypes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn disease (CD), are chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Cytokines are associated with the development and progression in pediatric IBD. We measured cytokine levels in pediatric IBD patients to assess their potential function as biomarkers in disease assessment. METHOD In this prospective cohort study, we enrolled 33 children with IBD. All patients were in stable remission for 3 months on enrollment. Patients who developed a relapse within six months after enrollment were classified as relapsers. Blood sampling was performed at enrolment and for relapsers in relapse and post-relapse. Serum concentrations of 14 cytokines, chemokines and growth factors (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12p40, IP-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-8, MIP-1α, MCP-1, MCP-3, G-CSF, GM-CSF) were measured simultaneously using multiplex bead-based sandwich immunoassay on Luminex 100 system. RESULTS MCP-1 was significantly higher in CD patients compared to UC patients at each disease stage: stable remission (P<0.048), unstable remission (P<0.013), relapse (P<0.026) and post-relapse (P<0.024). G-CSF was significantly increased in UC patients developing a relapse and in post-relapse stage compared to UC patients in remission (P<0.02 and p<0.03, respectively). CONCLUSION MCP-1 showed potential as a diagnostic biomarker in CD patients independent of disease activity as it was able to discriminate between subtypes of pediatric IBD. In UC patients, G-CSF was significantly elevated in relapsers indicating its use and role as a potential prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ott
- Hospital for General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Erol Tutdibi
- Hospital for General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Sybelle Goedicke-Fritz
- Hospital for General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Jakob Schöpe
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Michael Zemlin
- Hospital for General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Nasenien Nourkami-Tutdibi
- Hospital for General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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20
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Rezazadeh F, Ramos N, Saliganan AD, Al-Hallak N, Chen K, Mohamad B, Wiesend WN, Viola NT. Detection of IL12/23p40 via PET Visualizes Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Nucl Med 2023; 64:1806-1814. [PMID: 37474270 PMCID: PMC10626378 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.265649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes both Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis, is a relapsing inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Long-term chronic inflammatory conditions elevate the patient's risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Currently, diagnosis requires endoscopy with biopsy. This procedure is invasive and requires a bowel-preparatory regimen, adding to patient burden. Interleukin 12 (IL12) and interleukin 23 (IL23) play key roles in inflammation, especially in the pathogenesis of IBD, and are established therapeutic targets. We propose that imaging of IL12/23 and its p40 subunit in IBD via immuno-PET potentially provides a new noninvasive diagnostic approach. Methods: Our aim was to investigate the potential of immuno-PET to image inflammation in a chemically induced mouse model of colitis using dextran sodium sulfate by targeting IL12/23p40 with a 89Zr-radiolabeled anti-IL12/23p40 antibody. Results: High uptake of the IL12/23p40 immuno-PET agent was exhibited by dextran sodium sulfate-administered mice, and this uptake correlated with increased IL12/23p40 present in the sera. Competitive binding studies confirmed the specificity of the radiotracer for IL12/23p40 in the gastrointestinal tract. Conclusion: These promising results demonstrate the utility of this radiotracer as an imaging biomarker of IBD. Moreover, IL12/23p40 immuno-PET can potentially guide treatment decisions for IBD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Rezazadeh
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Nicholas Ramos
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Allen-Dexter Saliganan
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Najeeb Al-Hallak
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Kang Chen
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Bashar Mohamad
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; and
| | - Wendy N Wiesend
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan
| | - Nerissa T Viola
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan;
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Pasternak G, Chrzanowski G, Aebisher D, Myśliwiec A, Dynarowicz K, Bartusik-Aebisher D, Sosna B, Cieślar G, Kawczyk-Krupka A, Filip R. Crohn's Disease: Basic Characteristics of the Disease, Diagnostic Methods, the Role of Biomarkers, and Analysis of Metalloproteinases: A Review. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2062. [PMID: 37895443 PMCID: PMC10608618 DOI: 10.3390/life13102062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the ileum and/or large intestine. At the same time, it can also affect any other part of the human body, i.e., from the mouth to the anus. In Crohn's disease, the physiology and functioning of the epithelial barrier are inhibited due to the correlation of various factors, such as the environment, genetic susceptibility or intestinal microbiota. The symptoms are very troublesome and cause a significant reduction in quality of life, sometimes occurring with paralyzing permanent damage to the digestive tract, requiring enteral or parenteral nutrition throughout life. In order to make a proper and accurate diagnosis, an appropriately selected diagnostic path in a given clinical entity is necessary. Standard diagnostic methods are: laboratory examination, histopathological examination, endoscopic examination, X-ray, computed tomography, ultrasound examination and magnetic resonance imaging. Medical biology and the analysis of metalloproteinases have also proved helpful in diagnosing changes occurring as a result of Crohn's disease. Here we provide a thorough review of the latest reports on Crohn's disease and its genetic conditions, symptoms, morphology, diagnosis (including the analysis of Crohn's disease biomarkers, i.e., metalloproteinases) and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Pasternak
- Department of General Surgery, Provincial Clinical Hospital No. 2 in Rzeszów, 35-301 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Chrzanowski
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - David Aebisher
- Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Angelika Myśliwiec
- Center for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland; (A.M.); (K.D.)
| | - Klaudia Dynarowicz
- Center for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland; (A.M.); (K.D.)
| | - Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Barbara Sosna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland; (B.S.); (G.C.); (A.K.-K.)
| | - Grzegorz Cieślar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland; (B.S.); (G.C.); (A.K.-K.)
| | - Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland; (B.S.); (G.C.); (A.K.-K.)
| | - Rafał Filip
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland;
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Yan J, Deng F, Tan Y, Zhou B, Liu D. Systemic immune-inflammation index as a potential biomarker to monitor ulcerative colitis. Curr Med Res Opin 2023; 39:1321-1328. [PMID: 37691449 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2023.2257599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The treat-to-target strategy is recommended by Selecting Therapeutic Targets in Inflammatory Bowel Disease II (STRIDE-II) for treating ulcerative colitis (UC), and monitoring remission status is crucial during this management. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), defined as platelet * neutrophil/lymphocyte, is a complete blood count-based index reflecting the balance of immune and inflammatory status. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of SII for diagnosing UC and monitoring UC disease activity. METHODS This study retrospectively analyzed patients with UC and controls. Relationships between SII and Mayo clinical score, Mayo Endoscopic Score (MES), and Nancy Histological Index (NHI) were evaluated. RESULTS 167 patients with UC and 106 controls were included. SII significantly increased in patients with UC and was closely correlated with the Mayo clinical score, MES, and NHI. SII diagnosed UC with a cut-off value of 619.1 × 109/L (area under the curve = 0.861, p < 0.0001, sensitivity 79.64%, specificity 77.36%), evaluated clinical remission status with a cut-off value of 1068 × 109/L (area under the curve = 0.691, p < 0.05, sensitivity 55.71%, specificity 81.48%), endoscopic improvement with a cut-off value of 981.3 × 109/L (area under the curve = 0.819, p < 0.0001, sensitivity 65.22%, specificity 89.66%), and histological healing with a cut-off value of 689.3 × 109/L (area under the curve = 0.898, p < 0.0001, sensitivity 88.89%, specificity 95.83%). CONCLUSION SII is a potential biomarker for diagnosing UC and monitoring UC disease severity, especially in evaluating mucosal and histological healing during the long-term management in treat-to-target strategy. However, further research is needed to confirm its usefulness and optimize its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feihong Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuyong Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bingyi Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Deliang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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23
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Yang MM, Usiskin K, Ahmad HA, Ather S, Sreih A, Canavan JB, Farraye FA, Ma C. Considerations for Colorectal Neoplasia Detection in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical Trials. Dig Dis 2023; 42:12-24. [PMID: 37757769 PMCID: PMC10836758 DOI: 10.1159/000533395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-quality colonoscopic surveillance can lead to earlier and increased detection of colorectal neoplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In IBD clinical trials, endoscopy is used to assess mucosal disease activity before and after treatment but also provides an opportunity to surveil for colorectal neoplasia during follow-up. SUMMARY Best practices for colorectal cancer identification in IBD clinical trials require engagement and collaboration between the clinical trial sponsor, site endoscopist and/or principal investigator, and central read team. Each team member has unique responsibilities for maximizing dysplasia detection in IBD trials. KEY MESSAGES Sponsors should work in accordance with scientific guidelines to standardize imaging procedures, design the protocol to ensure the trial population is safeguarded, and oversee trial conduct. The site endoscopist should remain updated on best practices to tailor sponsor protocol-required procedures to patient needs, examine the mucosa for disease activity and potential dysplasia during all procedures, and provide optimal procedure videos for central read analysis. Central readers may detect dysplasia or colorectal cancer and a framework to report these findings to trial sponsors is essential. Synergistic relationships between all team members in IBD clinical trials provide an important opportunity for extended endoscopic evaluation and colorectal neoplasia identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira M Yang
- Division of Immunology and Fibrosis Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Keith Usiskin
- Division of Immunology and Fibrosis Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Harris A Ahmad
- Division of Immunology and Fibrosis Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Shabana Ather
- Division of Immunology and Fibrosis Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Antoine Sreih
- Division of Immunology and Fibrosis Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - James B Canavan
- Division of Immunology and Fibrosis Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Francis A Farraye
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Christopher Ma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Medical Research and Development, Alimentiv Inc (formerly Robarts Clinical Trials, Inc.), London, Ontario, Canada
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24
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Yang Y, Ji H, Lu Y, Hong J, Yang G, Kong X, Liu J, Ma X. Sedative-sparing effect of acupuncture in gastrointestinal endoscopy: systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1189429. [PMID: 37396891 PMCID: PMC10311963 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1189429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify the efficacy of acupuncture therapy (including manual acupuncture and electroacupuncture) performed before or during gastrointestinal endoscopy with propofol as the main sedative, compared with placebo, sham acupuncture, or no additional treatment other than the same sedation. Methods A systematic search was performed through PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Databases (CBM), Wanfang database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), SinoMed, and Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP) to collect randomized controlled trials published before 5 November 2022. Bias assessment of the included RCTs was performed according to Version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2). Stata16.0 software was used to perform statistical analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias analysis. The primary outcome was sedative consumption, and the secondary outcomes included the incidence of adverse events and wake-up time. Results A total of 10 studies with 1331 participants were included. The results showed that sedative consumption [mean difference (MD) = -29.32, 95% CI (-36.13, -22.50), P < 0.001], wake-up time [MD = -3.87, 95% CI (-5.43, -2.31), P < 0.001] and the incidence of adverse events including hypotension, nausea and vomiting, and coughing (P < 0.05) were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group. Conclusion Acupuncture combined with sedation reduces sedative consumption and wake-up time compared with sedation alone in gastrointestinal endoscopy; this combined approach allows patients to regain consciousness more quickly after examination and lower the risk of adverse effects. However, with the limited quantity and quality of relevant clinical studies, caution must be applied until more high-quality clinical studies verify and refine the conclusions. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?, identifier: CRD42022370422.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyang Ji
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunqiong Lu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jue Hong
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiehe Kong
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaopeng Ma
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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25
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Dan S, Ungar B, Ben-Moshe S, Halpern KB, Yavzori M, Fudim E, Picard O, Abitbol CM, Harnik S, Barshack I, Kopylov U, Ben-Horin S, Itzkovitz S. Distal Fecal Wash Host Transcriptomics Identifies Inflammation Throughout the Colon and Terminal Ileum. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 16:1-15. [PMID: 36791991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Noninvasive modalities for assessing active endoscopic and histologic inflammation in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients are critically needed. Fecal wash host shed-cell transcriptomics has been shown to be a robust classifier of endoscopic and histologic inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease patients with distal colitis. Whether such fecal washes can inform on inflammatory processes occurring in more proximal intestinal segments is currently unknown. METHODS Fifty-nine inflammatory bowel disease patients and 50 controls were prospectively enrolled. Biopsy specimens and fecal washes from the distal colon, proximal colon, and terminal ileum were compared. Host transcriptomics were performed on the biopsy specimens and fecal washes obtained during colonoscopy at predefined locations throughout the colon and terminal ileum and results were associated with concurrent clinical, endoscopic, and histologic parameters. RESULTS We found that host transcriptomics of distal fecal washes robustly classify histologic inflammation in ileal and proximal colonic Crohn's disease, even without distal colonic involvement (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.94 ± 0.09). We further found that fecal washes consist of modules of co-expressed genes of immune, stromal, and epithelial origin that are indicative of endoscopic disease severity. Fecal wash host transcriptomics also capture expression of gene modules previously associated with a lack of response to biological therapies. CONCLUSIONS Our study establishes the accuracy of distal colonic fecal washes for identifying and scoring inflammatory processes throughout the entire ileal-colonic axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stav Dan
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Bella Ungar
- Gastroenterology Institute, Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shani Ben-Moshe
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Keren Bahar Halpern
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Miri Yavzori
- Gastroenterology Institute, Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ella Fudim
- Gastroenterology Institute, Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Orit Picard
- Gastroenterology Institute, Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chaya Mushka Abitbol
- Gastroenterology Institute, Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sivan Harnik
- Gastroenterology Institute, Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Iris Barshack
- Department of Pathology, Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Uri Kopylov
- Gastroenterology Institute, Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shomron Ben-Horin
- Gastroenterology Institute, Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shalev Itzkovitz
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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26
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Wang Z, Yang L, Sun S. Effect of Intestinal Microbiota Transplantation on Intestinal Flora and Inflammatory Factor Levels in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:1183-1191. [PMID: 36879853 PMCID: PMC9985455 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s394614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The present study was performed to evaluate the effect of intestinal microbiota transplantation (IMT) on intestinal flora and inflammatory factor levels in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods In this study, 94 UC patients who attended the Department of Proctology or the Department of Gastroenterology departments of Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital between April 2021 and April 2022 were identified as research participants and were assigned to the control or Research Groups via the random number table method, with 47 cases in each group. Interventions included oral mesalamine for patients in the control group and oral mesalamine plus IMT for those in the research group. Outcome measures included clinical efficacy, intestinal microbiota score, enteroscopy score, Sutherland index, inflammatory factor level, intestinal mucosal barrier function level, and adverse reactions. Results Mesalamine plus IMT was associated with significantly higher treatment efficiency (97.8%) versus mesalamine alone (80.85%) (P<0.05). Mesalamine plus IMT provided a better intestinal microbiota balance and milder disease symptoms versus mesalamine, as evidenced by the significantly lower intestinal microbiota scores, colonoscopy scores, and Sutherland index (P<0.05). In post-treatment, patients with IMT exhibited more mitigated inflammatory responses than those without, as shown by the higher levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and interleukin-23 (IL-23) (P<0.05). Significantly lower D-lactate and serum diamine oxidase (DAO) levels were observed after IMT intervention than those with mesalamine alone (P<0.05). IMT features no significant increase in adverse effects than the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion IMT efficiently ameliorates the intestinal microbiota conditions of UC patients, mitigates inflammatory responses in the body, and facilitates the restoration of intestinal mucosal barrier function with no significant increase in adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wang
- Pediatric Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Gastroenterology, Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Sun
- Gastroenterology, Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, People's Republic of China
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Hu Q, Tang XZ, Liu F, Liu DW, Cao B. Vedolizumab subcutaneous formulation maintenance therapy for patients with IBD: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2023; 16:17562848231166227. [PMID: 37124368 PMCID: PMC10141260 DOI: 10.1177/17562848231166227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The application of vedolizumab (VDZ) subcutaneous (SC) formulation has brought more convenience and hope to patients with moderate-to-severe inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) in the coronavirus disease 2019 context. Objective This study aimed to systematically evaluate all previous studies that used VDZ SC formulation for maintenance therapy in patients with IBD. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data Sources and Methods The search was conducted using the subject and free terms related to 'Vedolizumab', 'Subcutaneous', and 'IBD', in Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and at ClinicalTrials.gov databases between 2008 and 2022. The methodological quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, respectively. The endpoints included efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity. Results A total of 60 studies and 2 completed clinical registry trials were retrieved, of which 3 RCTs with high methodological quality, and 3 cohort studies with large heterogeneity were included in the meta-analysis. In the RCT study design, patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) under different conditions after treated with VDZ SC were significantly distinct than those for placebo (PBO) in clinical remission, endoscopic remission, and biochemical remission. In Crohn's disease (CD), the aforementioned parameters were slightly higher than those for PBO, but there was not statistically significant in endoscopic remission and the efficacy of anti-tumor necrosis factor-naive patients. The clinical remission, endoscopic remission, and biochemical remission in patients with UC after VDZ SC treatment were similar to those after intravenous (IV) treatment. The risk ratios in patients experiencing adverse events (AEs) and serious AEs after VDZ SC and PBO treatments were 86% and 89% in UC, and 96% and 80% in CD, respectively. Compared with IV, safety was not statistically different. The risk of developing anti-VDZ antibody after VDZ SC treatment was only 20% of that after PBO in patients with UC, but it was 9.38 times in CD. Conclusion VDZ SC treatment maintained the clinical efficacy of IV induction in patients with IBD without increasing the safety risk, and the efficacy was more pronounced in patients with UC. Immunogenicity might be a potential factor for the decrease in efficacy rate in patients with IBD. Registration INPLASY 2022120115.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fang Liu
- AnoRectal Surgery, Sixth affiliated hospital of
Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
| | - De-wu Liu
- AnoRectal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital
of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, Guiyang,
China
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28
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Calabrese C, Gelli D, Rizzello F, Gionchetti P, Torrejon Torres R, Saunders R, Davis J. Capsule endoscopy in Crohn's disease surveillance: A monocentric, retrospective analysis in Italy. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 4:1038087. [DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2022.1038087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundCrohn's disease (CD) is a potentially debilitating condition that burdens Italian healthcare substantially. The symptomatic management relies on prompt therapy adjustment to reduce flares and follow-up diagnostic inputs to maximise remission. Capsule endoscopy (CE) has introduced advantages in CD diagnostics, allowing the direct inspection of the entire gastrointestinal mucosa. The diagnostic procedure is comparable in effort to standard ileocolonoscopy (IC) but requires no anaesthesia. Whether CE follow-up improves clinical outcomes remains to be defined.ObjectivesTo provide a preliminary evaluation of CE in terms of clinical outcomes with respect to the standard of care ileocolonoscopy/MRE in Italy.MethodsThis retrospective analysis utilises anonymised, monocentric data from the S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital IBD database in Bologna, Italy, collected between 1999 and 2019. Out of 421 adult patient records, 100 were included in the analysis (50 per arm, matched per demographic and clinical characteristics). The CE represented the intervention arm, whereas ileocolonoscopy/magnetic resonance enterography was the standard of care. The use of biologics, symptomatology course, and surgery were the outcomes.ResultsThe two techniques performed similarly overall. In general, no significant difference emerged in the use of biologics. The use of biologics appears reduced in the CE group, only in L4 patients after the first follow-up year. Similarly, surgery was seemingly less frequent among L4 patients in the CE group. No difference was found between groups in flare occurrence and duration. CE patients might have experienced longer and earlier first remissions, but no long-term difference persisted.ConclusionsThe CE group showed an apparent reduction in biologics and surgery, limiting to L4 diagnoses. More extensive, prospective, multicentre, randomised studies must corroborate these preliminary findings.
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29
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Mosli MH, Almudaiheem HY, AlAmeel T, Bakkari SA, Alharbi OR, Alenzi KA, Khardaly AM, AlMolaiki MA, Al-Omari BA, Albarakati RG, Al-Jedai AH, Saadah OI, Almadi MA, Al-Bawardy B. Saudi Arabia consensus guidance for the diagnosis and management of adults with inflammatory bowel disease. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2022; 29:361671. [PMID: 36412460 PMCID: PMC10540981 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_277_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Optimal management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) relies on a clear understanding and tailoring evidence-based interventions by clinicians in partnership with patients. This article provides concise guidelines for the management of IBD in adults, based on the most up-to-date information at the time of writing and will be regularly updated. These guidelines were developed by the Saudi Ministry of Health in collaboration with the Saudi Gastroenterology Association and the Saudi Society of Clinical Pharmacy. After an extensive literature review, 78 evidence-and expert opinion-based recommendations for diagnosing and treating ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in adults were proposed and further refined by a voting process. The consensus guidelines include the finally agreed on statements with their level of evidence covering different aspects of IBD diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud H. Mosli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Turki AlAmeel
- Department of Medicine, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakir A. Bakkari
- Division of Gastroenterology, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman R. Alharbi
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalidah A. Alenzi
- Regional Drug Information and Pharmacovigilance Center, Ministry of Health, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Maha A. AlMolaiki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bedor A. Al-Omari
- Pharmaceutical Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayan G. Albarakati
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Majmaah University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed H. Al-Jedai
- Deputyship of Therapeutic Affairs, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar I. Saadah
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid A. Almadi
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badr Al-Bawardy
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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30
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Qi J, Ruan G, Liu J, Yang Y, Cao Q, Wei Y, Nian Y. PHF 3 Technique: A Pyramid Hybrid Feature Fusion Framework for Severity Classification of Ulcerative Colitis Using Endoscopic Images. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:632. [PMID: 36354543 PMCID: PMC9687195 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9110632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 08/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Evaluating the severity of ulcerative colitis (UC) through the Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES) is crucial for understanding patient conditions and providing effective treatment. However, UC lesions present different characteristics in endoscopic images, exacerbating interclass similarities and intraclass differences in MES classification. In addition, inexperience and review fatigue in endoscopists introduces nontrivial challenges to the reliability and repeatability of MES evaluations. In this paper, we propose a pyramid hybrid feature fusion framework (PHF3) as an auxiliary diagnostic tool for clinical UC severity classification. Specifically, the PHF3 model has a dual-branch hybrid architecture with ResNet50 and a pyramid vision Transformer (PvT), where the local features extracted by ResNet50 represent the relationship between the intestinal wall at the near-shot point and its depth, and the global representations modeled by the PvT capture similar information in the cross-section of the intestinal cavity. Furthermore, a feature fusion module (FFM) is designed to combine local features with global representations, while second-order pooling (SOP) is applied to enhance discriminative information in the classification process. The experimental results show that, compared with existing methods, the proposed PHF3 model has competitive performance. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of MES 0, MES 1, MES 2, and MES 3 reached 0.996, 0.972, 0.967, and 0.990, respectively, and the overall accuracy reached 88.91%. Thus, our proposed method is valuable for developing an auxiliary assessment system for UC severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qi
- Department of Digital Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Guangcong Ruan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Digital Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Digital Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qian Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Yanling Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yongjian Nian
- Department of Digital Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
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31
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Agrawal LS, Acharya S, Shukla S, Parekh YC. Future of Endoscopy in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs). Cureus 2022; 14:e29567. [PMID: 36312686 PMCID: PMC9596090 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy has transformed over the years in scope, safety, accuracy, acceptability, and cost effectiveness of the clinical practice. There has been a reduction in the superiority of the endoscopic devices as innovations have taken place and increased the diagnostic values with certain limitations. There are particular difficulties in striking a balance between the development of new technology and the device's acceptance. The wide use of endoscopy for investigating GI lesions and diagnosis has led to an increase in more advanced methods and their broad application. It can simultaneously diagnose pre-malignant and malignant lesions, and newer interventions have made the biopsy specimen uptake possible. In this review article, we focus on the more recent roles, indications, applications, and usage of the innovative methods of endoscopy.
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Liu D, Saikam V, Skrada KA, Merlin D, Iyer SS. Inflammatory bowel disease biomarkers. Med Res Rev 2022; 42:1856-1887. [PMID: 35603998 PMCID: PMC10321231 DOI: 10.1002/med.21893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized as chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, which includes two main subtypes, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Endoscopy combined with biopsy is the most effective way to establish IBD diagnosis and disease management. Imaging techniques have also been developed to monitor IBD. Although effective, the methods are expensive and invasive, which leads to pain and discomfort. Alternative noninvasive biomarkers are being explored as tools for IBD prognosis and disease management. This review focuses on novel biomarkers that have emerged in recent years. These serological biomarkers and microRNAs could potentially be used for disease management in IBD, thereby decreasing patient discomfort and morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, 788 Petit Science Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Varma Saikam
- Department of Chemistry, 788 Petit Science Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Katie A Skrada
- Department of Chemistry, 788 Petit Science Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Didier Merlin
- 790 Petit Science Center, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Atlanta Veterans Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA
| | - Suri S Iyer
- Department of Chemistry, 788 Petit Science Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Malik A, Nadeem M, Javaid S, Malik MI, Enofe I, Abegunde AT. Estimating the optimum number of colon biopsies for diagnosing microscopic colitis: a systematic review. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 34:733-738. [PMID: 35170530 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Microscopic colitis (MC) is an inflammatory disease of the colon characterized by persistent watery, nonbloody diarrhea. Subtypes of MC include collagenous and lymphocytic MC. Microscopic examination of colon tissue is crucial to confirming the diagnosis because the colonic mucosa often appears normal during flexible sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy. We aim to determine the optimal sites and minimum number of colon biopsies required to diagnose MC from published studies. We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane databases from inception until October 2020 using the following keywords: microscopic, lymphocytic, collagenous, colitis, biopsy, and biopsies. We screened the search results for eligibility and extracted data from the included studies. We pooled the numbers of biopsies provided by each study to calculate the mean number of biopsies, SD, and SEM. We included three retrospective cohort studies with 356 patients (148 collagenous, 192 lymphocytic, and 16 mixed), and the total number of biopsies were 1854. The mean number of biopsies that were recommended by the included studies are 4, 4, and 9, respectively. The pooled mean ± SD is 5.67 ± 2.89. The included studies reported that biopsies from the ascending colon (AC) and descending colon (DC) had the highest diagnostic rates. To ensure a high level of certainty in diagnosing MC, a total of six biopsies should be taken from the AC and DC (3 AC and 3 DC). However, special care should be directed toward differentiating MC from other forms of colitis. In addition, detailed and comparative studies are needed to provide stronger recommendations to diagnose MC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Malik
- Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Mahum Nadeem
- Department of1 Medicine, Oklahoma University Medical Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Sadia Javaid
- Department of Medicine, Nishtar Hospital, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran Malik
- Department of Hematology Specialty, Airedale General Hospital, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Ikponmwosa Enofe
- Division of Gastroenterology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Ayokunle T Abegunde
- Division of Gastroenterology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
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Massironi S, Fanetti I, Viganò C, Pirola L, Fichera M, Cristoferi L, Capurso G, Invernizzi P, Danese S. Systematic review-pancreatic involvement in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2022; 55:1478-1491. [PMID: 35505465 PMCID: PMC9322673 DOI: 10.1111/apt.16949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory immune-mediated disorder of the gut with frequent extra-intestinal complications. Pancreatic involvement in IBD is not uncommon and comprises a heterogeneous group of conditions, including acute pancreatitis (AP), chronic pancreatitis (CP), autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) and pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI); however, data on such an association remain sparse and heterogeneous. METHOD PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for studies investigating pancreatic involvement in patients with IBD. RESULTS Four thousand one hundred and twenty-one records were identified and 547 screened; finally, 124 studies were included in the review. AP is the most frequent pancreatic manifestation in IBD; the majority of AP cases in IBD are due to gallstones and drugs but cases of idiopathic AP are increasingly reported. AIP is a rare disease, but a strong association with IBD has been demonstrated, especially for type 2 and ulcerative colitis. The pathogenetic link between IBD and AIP remains unclear, but an immune-mediated pathway seems plausible. An association between CP and PEI with IBD has also been suggested, but data are to date scarce and conflicting. CONCLUSION This is the first systematic review of the association between IBD and pancreatic diseases. Gallstones and drugs should be considered the most probable causes of AP in IBD, with type 2 AIP also being possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Massironi
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Milano‐BicoccaMonzaItaly
- Division of Gastroenterology and Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE‐LIVER)San Gerardo HospitalMonzaItaly
| | - Ilaria Fanetti
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, ASST Ovest MilaneseLegnano HospitalLegnanoItaly
| | - Chiara Viganò
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Milano‐BicoccaMonzaItaly
- Division of Gastroenterology and Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE‐LIVER)San Gerardo HospitalMonzaItaly
| | - Lorena Pirola
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Milano‐BicoccaMonzaItaly
- Division of Gastroenterology and Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE‐LIVER)San Gerardo HospitalMonzaItaly
| | - Maria Fichera
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Milano‐BicoccaMonzaItaly
- Division of Gastroenterology and Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE‐LIVER)San Gerardo HospitalMonzaItaly
| | - Laura Cristoferi
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Milano‐BicoccaMonzaItaly
- Division of Gastroenterology and Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE‐LIVER)San Gerardo HospitalMonzaItaly
| | - Gabriele Capurso
- Pancreas Translational & Clinical Research Center, Pancreato‐Biliary Endoscopy & Endosonography DivisionSan Raffaele Scientific Institute IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Pietro Invernizzi
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Milano‐BicoccaMonzaItaly
- Division of Gastroenterology and Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE‐LIVER)San Gerardo HospitalMonzaItaly
| | - Silvio Danese
- Gastroenterology and EndoscopyIRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele and Vita‐Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly
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Jin RF, Chen YM, Chen RP, Ye HJ. Endoscopic ultrasonography in the evaluation of condition and prognosis of ulcerative colitis. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:4818-4826. [PMID: 35801033 PMCID: PMC9198867 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i15.4818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) is usually diagnosed through histopathology, enteroscopy, clinical symptoms, and physical findings; however, it is difficult to accurately evaluate disease severity.
AIM To investigate the value of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in the evaluation of the severity and prognosis of UC.
METHODS Patients with UC who were seen in our hospital from March 2019 to December 2020 were eligible, and disease severity was evaluated according to the modified Truelove and Witts and Mayo scores. We performed EUS, calculated the UC endoscopic index of severity (UCEIS) and EUS-UC scores, and administered appropriate treatment. The UCEIS and EUS-UC scores of patients were assessed in relation to disease severity, and the correlations between UCEIS and EUS-UC scores and disease severity was also analyzed. The UCEIS and EUS-UC scores before and after treatment were also compared.
RESULTS A total of 79 patients were included in this study. According to the Mayo Index, 23, 32, and 24 patients had mild, moderate and severe UC, respectively. The UCEIS and EUS-UC scores were higher in moderate cases (4.98 ± 1.04 and 5.01 ± 0.99, respectively) than in mild cases (1.56 ± 0.82 and 1.64 ± 0.91, respectively, P < 0.05). Furthermore, the UCEIS and EUS-UC scores (7.31 ± 1.10 and 7.59 ± 1.02, respectively) were higher in severe cases than in moderate cases (P < 0.05). According to the modified Truelove and Witts scores, 21, 36, and 22 patients were classified as having mild, moderate and severe disease, respectively. The UCEIS and EUS-UC scores were significantly higher in moderate disease (4.79 ± 1.11 and 4.96 ± 1.23, respectively) than in mild disease (1.71 ± 0.78 and 1.69 ± 0.88, respectively, P < 0.05). Additionally, the UCEIS and EUS-UC scores in severe disease (7.68 ± 1.22 and 7.81 ± 0.90, respectively) were significantly higher than in moderate disease (P < 0.05). The UCEIS and EUS-UC scores were significantly and positively correlated with disease severity according to the modified Truelove and Witts score and Mayo score (P < 0.05). The UCEIS and EUS-UC scores after 2 mo of treatment (3.88 ± 0.95 and 4.01 ± 1.14, respectively) and after 6 mo of treatment (1.59 ± 0.63 and 1.64 ± 0.59, respectively) were lower than the respective scores before treatment (5.93 ± 1.79 and 6.04 ± 2.01) (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION EUS can clarify the status of UC and accurately evaluate the treatment response, providing an objective basis for formulation and adjustment of the treatment plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Fang Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Man Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ren-Pin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hua-Jun Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
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Jiang F, Fu X, Kuang K, Fan D. Artificial Intelligence Algorithm-Based Differential Diagnosis of Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis by CT Image. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3871994. [PMID: 35419083 PMCID: PMC9001074 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3871994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of low-dose CT enterography (CTE) based on modified guided image filtering (GIF) algorithm in the differential diagnosis of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Methods. One hundred and twenty patients with suspected diagnosis of IBD were studied. They were randomly divided into control group (routine CT examination) and observation group (low-dose CTE examination based on improved GIF algorithm), with 60 cases in each group. Comprehensive diagnosis was used as the standard to assess the diagnostic effect. Results. (1) The peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) (26.02 dB) and structural similarity (SSIM) (0.8921) of the algorithm were higher than those of GIF (17.22 dB/0.8491), weighted guided image filtering (WGIF) (23.78 dB/0.8489), and gradient domain guided image filtering (GGIF) (23.77 dB/0.7567) (P < 0.05); (2) the diagnostic sensitivity (91.49%), specificity (92.31%), accuracy (91.67%), positive predictive value (97.73%), and negative predictive value (75%) of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05); the sensitivity and specificity of CTE in the diagnosis of UD and CD were 96.77% and 81.25% and 98.33% and 93.33%, respectively (P < 0.05); there were significant differences in symmetrical intestinal wall thickening and smooth serosal surface between UD and CD (P < 0.05). Conclusion. (1) The improved GIF algorithm has a more effective application value in the denoising processing of low-dose CT images and can better improve the image quality; (2) the accuracy of CTE in the diagnosis of IBD is high, and CTE is of great value in the differential diagnosis of UD and CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyun Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiaoping Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Kai Kuang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Dan Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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Yan W, Meihao W, Zihan S, Lingjie H, Haotian C, Qian C, Lianli S. Correlation Between Crohn Disease Activity and Serum Selenium Concentration. Clin Ther 2022; 44:736-743.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chen Y, Shen J. Core indicators of an evaluation and guidance system for quality of care in inflammatory bowel disease centers: A critical review. EClinicalMedicine 2022; 46:101382. [PMID: 35434585 PMCID: PMC9011022 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mission of the IBD Quality Care Evaluation Center (IBDQCC) is to establish indicators of quality of care (QoC), certify IBD units to generate a network of IBD quality care, and eventually improve the national level of IBD healthcare. The final list of 28 core and 13 secondary IBD QoC indicators suitable for the healthcare system in China were selected using a Delphi consensus methodology. Units that met all core indicators were qualified as "regional"; units that met all core indicators together with more than 50% of the secondary indicators received a rating of "excellence." Using the selected QoC core indicators for certifying IBD units, a network of IBD quality care units covering the majority of IBD patients in China was established. Funding This work was financially supported by Cultivation Funding for Clinical Scientific Research Innovation, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University (RJPY-LX-004), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81,770,545), Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Initiative (21SQBS02302), and Cultivated Funding for Clinical Research Innovation, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University (RJPY-LX-004).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueying Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 160# Pu Jian Ave, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 160# Pu Jian Ave, Shanghai 200127, China
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Plevris N, Lees CW. Disease Monitoring in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Evolving Principles and Possibilities. Gastroenterology 2022; 162:1456-1475.e1. [PMID: 35101422 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is a progressive and debilitating condition. Early and effective treatment using a treat-to-target approach is key to improving patient outcomes. Therefore, proactive monitoring is essential to ensure that treatment strategies are working and targets are being met. In this review we discuss the current monitoring tools available to us and how they can be used. We also discuss the importance of monitoring during key phases of the disease and propose an optimum treat-to-target monitoring strategy for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Regarding the advent of new technology, we discuss how this may improve our monitoring capabilities and how we envisage future monitoring strategies of inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolas Plevris
- The Edinburgh IBD Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Genomics and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Charlie W Lees
- The Edinburgh IBD Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Genomics and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom.
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Ruan G, Qi J, Cheng Y, Liu R, Zhang B, Zhi M, Chen J, Xiao F, Shen X, Fan L, Li Q, Li N, Qiu Z, Xiao Z, Xu F, Lv L, Chen M, Ying S, Chen L, Tian Y, Li G, Zhang Z, He M, Qiao L, Zhang Z, Chen D, Cao Q, Nian Y, Wei Y. Development and Validation of a Deep Neural Network for Accurate Identification of Endoscopic Images From Patients With Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:854677. [PMID: 35372443 PMCID: PMC8974241 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.854677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim The identification of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) is a key element interfering with therapeutic response, but it is often difficult for less experienced endoscopists to identify UC and CD. Therefore, we aimed to develop and validate a deep learning diagnostic system trained on a large number of colonoscopy images to distinguish UC and CD. Methods This multicenter, diagnostic study was performed in 5 hospitals in China. Normal individuals and active patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were enrolled. A dataset of 1,772 participants with 49,154 colonoscopy images was obtained between January 2018 and November 2020. We developed a deep learning model based on a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) in the examination. To generalize the applicability of the deep learning model in clinical practice, we compared the deep model with 10 endoscopists and applied it in 3 hospitals across China. Results The identification accuracy obtained by the deep model was superior to that of experienced endoscopists per patient (deep model vs. trainee endoscopist, 99.1% vs. 78.0%; deep model vs. competent endoscopist, 99.1% vs. 92.2%, P < 0.001) and per lesion (deep model vs. trainee endoscopist, 90.4% vs. 59.7%; deep model vs. competent endoscopist 90.4% vs. 69.9%, P < 0.001). In addition, the mean reading time was reduced by the deep model (deep model vs. endoscopists, 6.20 s vs. 2,425.00 s, P < 0.001). Conclusion We developed a deep model to assist with the clinical diagnosis of IBD. This provides a diagnostic device for medical education and clinicians to improve the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangcong Ruan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Qi
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Rongbei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingqiang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Zhi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junrong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaochun Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhujing Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhifeng Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Fenghua Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Linling Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Minjia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Senhong Ying
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yuting Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Guanhu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mi He
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Qiao
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhu Zhang
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Cao
| | - Yongjian Nian
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Yongjian Nian
| | - Yanling Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Yanling Wei
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Qian L, Gu Y, Zheng L, Xia T. Diagnostic value of capsule endoscopy and double-balloon enteroscopy in small bowel diseases. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:328-335. [PMID: 35173850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 09/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the diagnostic value of capsule endoscopy (CE) and double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) in small bowel diseases. METHODS The clinical data of 134 cases of CE and 109 cases of DBE examined in our gastroscopy room from January 2016 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The two groups of patients were compared as to disease diagnostic rate, examination time, examination tolerance, and incidence of adverse reactions. RESULTS The two groups showed no significant difference in general data (all P>0.05). The DBE group showed a higher disease diagnostic rate than the CE group (P<0.05). Significantly higher rates of suspected intestinal bleeding were observed in the DBE group than those of the CE group (P<0.05), but no significant differences were found in the diagnosis of unexplained abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and others (all P>0.05). The DBE group required a longer examination time, and had a higher incidence of adverse reactions, and a lower examination tolerance than the CE group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Both DBE and CE are effective in small bowel diseases diagnoses, but DBE demonstrated greater potential in diagnosing small bowel bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University No. 188 Shizi Street, Gusu District, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yijie Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University No. 188 Shizi Street, Gusu District, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University No. 188 Shizi Street, Gusu District, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingting Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University No. 188 Shizi Street, Gusu District, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China
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Relevancia y necesidades del Síndrome del Intestino Irritable (SII): comparación con la Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal (EII).(Por favor, si no te interesa el SII léelo). GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2022; 45:789-798. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Nejati S, Wang J, Heredia-Rivera U, Sedaghat S, Woodhouse I, Johnson JS, Verma M, Rahimi R. Small intestinal sampling capsule for inflammatory bowel disease type detection and management. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 22:57-70. [PMID: 34826326 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00451d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although serum and fecal biomarkers (e.g., lactoferrin, and calprotectin) have been used in management and distinction between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), none are proven to be a differential diagnostic tool between Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The main challenge with laboratory-based biomarkers in the stool test is the inability to indicate the location of the disease/inflammation in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract due to the homogenous nature of the collected fecal sample. For the first time, we have designed and developed a battery-free smart capsule that will allow targeted sampling of inflammatory biomarkers inside the gut lumen of the small intestine. The capsule is designed to provide a simple and non-invasive complementary tool to fecal biomarker analysis to differentiate the type of IBD by pinpointing the site of inflammatory biomarkers secretion (e.g., small or large bowel) throughout the GI tract. The capsule takes advantage of the rapid change from an acidic environment in the stomach to higher pH levels in the small intestine to dissolve a pH-sensitive polymeric coating as a means to activate the sampling process of the capsule within the small intestine. A swelling polyacrylamide hydrogel is placed inside the capsule as a milieu to collect the sampled GI fluid while also providing the required mechanical actuation to close the capsule once the sampling is completed. The hydrogel component along with the collected GI fluid can be easily obtained from the capsule through the screw-cap design for further extraction and analysis. As a proof of concept, the capsule's performance in sampling and extraction of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and calprotectin - a key biomarker of inflammation - was assessed within the physiologically relevant ranges. The ratio of extracted biomarkers relative to that in the initial sampling environment remained constant (∼3%) and independent of the sampling matrix in both in vitro and ex vivo studies. It is believed that the demonstrated technology will provide immediate impact in more effective IBD type differential diagnostic and treatment strategies by providing a non-invasive assessment of inflammation biomarkers profile throughout the digestive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Nejati
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Jiangshan Wang
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Ulisses Heredia-Rivera
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Sotoudeh Sedaghat
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Ian Woodhouse
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Jay S Johnson
- USDA-ARS Livestock Behavior Research Unit, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Mohit Verma
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Rahim Rahimi
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
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Ogata N, Ohtsuka K, Ogawa M, Maeda Y, Ishida F, Kudo SE. Image-Enhanced Capsule Endoscopy Improves the Identification of Small Intestinal Lesions. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11112122. [PMID: 34829469 PMCID: PMC8621083 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11112122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Image-enhanced endoscopy is useful for diagnosing and identifying lesions in the gastrointestinal tract. Recently, image-enhanced endoscopy has become a breakthrough technology that has attracted significant attention. This image enhancing technology is available for capsule endoscopy, which is an effective tool for small intestinal lesions and has been applied in flexible spectral color enhancement technology and in contrast capsule like narrow-band imaging. In this field, most researchers focus on improving the visibility and detection of small intestinal lesions. This review summarizes previous studies on image-enhanced capsule endoscopy and aims to evaluate the efficacy of this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Ogata
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama 224-8503, Japan; (K.O.); (M.O.); (Y.M.); (F.I.); (S.-e.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Kazuo Ohtsuka
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama 224-8503, Japan; (K.O.); (M.O.); (Y.M.); (F.I.); (S.-e.K.)
- Department of Endoscopy, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Medical Hospital, Tokyo 113-0034, Japan
| | - Masataka Ogawa
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama 224-8503, Japan; (K.O.); (M.O.); (Y.M.); (F.I.); (S.-e.K.)
| | - Yasuharu Maeda
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama 224-8503, Japan; (K.O.); (M.O.); (Y.M.); (F.I.); (S.-e.K.)
| | - Fumio Ishida
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama 224-8503, Japan; (K.O.); (M.O.); (Y.M.); (F.I.); (S.-e.K.)
| | - Shin-ei Kudo
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama 224-8503, Japan; (K.O.); (M.O.); (Y.M.); (F.I.); (S.-e.K.)
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Bots S, De Voogd F, De Jong M, Ligtvoet V, Löwenberg M, Duijvestein M, Ponsioen CY, D’Haens G, Gecse KB. Point-of-care Intestinal Ultrasound in IBD Patients: Disease Management and Diagnostic Yield in a Real-world Cohort and Proposal of a Point-of-care Algorithm. J Crohns Colitis 2021; 16:606-615. [PMID: 34636839 PMCID: PMC9089417 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intestinal ultrasound [IUS] is useful for assessment of inflammation, complications, and treatment follow-up in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] patients. We aimed to study outcomes and impact on disease management for point-of-care [POC] IUS in IBD patients. METHODS Two patient cohorts undergoing POC IUS [January 2016-July 2018 and October 2019-December 2019] were included retrospectively. Disease management after IUS was analysed and IUS outcomes were compared with symptoms, biomarkers, and additional imaging within 8 weeks from IUS. To study differences in use of IUS over time, cohorts were compared. RESULTS In total, 345 examinations (280 in Crohn's disease [CD]/65 in ulcerative colitis [UC]) were performed. Present inflammation on IUS was comparable between symptomatic and asymptomatic CD [67.6% vs 60.5%; p = 0.291]. In 60%, IUS had impact on disease management with change in medication in 47.8%. Additional endoscopy/magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] was planned after 32.8% examinations, showing good correlation with IUS in 86.3% [ρ = 0.70, p <0.0001] and 80.0% [ρ = 0.75, p <0.0001] of cases, respectively. Faecal calprotectin was higher in active versus inactive disease on IUS [664 µg/g vs 79 µg/g; p <0.001]. Over the years, IUS was performed more frequently to monitor treatment response and the use of MRI was reduced within the cohort. CONCLUSIONS POC IUS affects clinical decision making and could detect preclinical relapse in CD patients, with potential to reduce additional endoscopy or MRI. In addition, the paradigm expands towards monitoring treatment and close follow-up for IUS. Based on our results, we propose a POC IUS algorithm for follow-up of IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M De Jong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - V Ligtvoet
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Löwenberg
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Duijvestein
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Y Ponsioen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G D’Haens
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K B Gecse
- Corresponding author: Dr. K.B. Gecse, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Tel.: +31 20 5664401; fax: +31 20 6917033;
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Soriano CR, Powell CR, Chiorean MV, Simianu VV. Role of hospitalization for inflammatory bowel disease in the post-biologic era. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:7632-7642. [PMID: 34621815 PMCID: PMC8462259 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i26.7632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) often requires specialized care. While much of IBD care has shifted to the outpatient setting, hospitalizations remain a major site of healthcare utilization and a sizable proportion of patients with inflammatory bowel disease require hospitalization or surgery during their lifetime. In this review, we approach IBD care from the population-level with a specific focus on hospitalization for IBD, including the shifts from inpatient to outpatient care, the balance of emergency and elective hospitalizations, regionalization of specialty IBD care, and contribution of surgery and endoscopy to hospitalized care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine R Soriano
- Department of Surgery, Virginia Mason Franciscan Health, Seattle, WA 98101, United States
| | - Charleston R Powell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA 98431, United States
| | - Michael V Chiorean
- Department of Gastroenterology, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98109, United States
| | - Vlad V Simianu
- Department of Surgery, Virginia Mason Franciscan Health, Seattle, WA 98101, United States
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Charernsuk M, Tunruttanakul S, Tunruttanakul R, Chareonsil B. Colonic actinomycosis presenting as a palpable colonic mass with normal colonic mucosa. J Surg Case Rep 2021; 2021:rjab381. [PMID: 34512947 PMCID: PMC8427729 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjab381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Colonic actinomycosis is rare and can present as an ill-defined intra-abdominal mass that can be difficult to differentiate from colon cancer. This case report aims to share the details of this case and provide diagnostic clues. A 63-year-old female presented with a palpable right-sided abdominal mass. Computed tomography (CT) revealed irregular thickening of the colonic hepatic flexure, and colonoscopy detected no abnormalities. Five months later, the patient returned with an increase in the mass size. Repeat CT revealed lesion expansion, with suspected abdominal wall invasion. Extended right-hemicolectomy with abdominal wall wedge resection was performed, and the histological results were compatible with actinomycosis infection. Colonic actinomycosis is a rare chronic inflammatory disease. Normal colonic mucosa during colonoscopy, with clinical and imaging findings, may help physicians diagnose the condition preoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Charernsuk
- Department of Surgery, Sawanpracharak Hospital, Nakhon Sawan, Thailand
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The Role of T Follicular Helper Cells and Interleukin-21 in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2021; 2021:9621738. [PMID: 34471409 PMCID: PMC8405314 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9621738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells represent a novel subset of CD4+ T cells which can provide critical help for germinal center (GC) formation and antibody production. The Tfh cells are characterized by the expression of CXC chemokine receptor 5 (CXCR5), programmed death 1 (PD-1), inducible costimulatory molecule (ICOS), B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL-6), and the secretion of interleukin-21 (IL-21). Given the important role of Tfh cells in B cell activation and high-affinity antibody production, Tfh cells are involved in the pathogenesis of many human diseases. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are the most studied types of IBD. Dysregulated mucosal immune response plays an important role in the pathogenesis of IBD. In recent years, many studies have identified the critical role of Tfh cells and IL-21 in the pathogenic process IBD. In this paper, we will discuss the role of Tfh cells and IL-21 in IBD pathogenesis.
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Targeted 1H NMR metabolomics and immunological phenotyping of human fresh blood and serum samples discriminate between healthy individuals and inflammatory bowel disease patients treated with anti-TNF. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1251-1264. [PMID: 34021361 PMCID: PMC8367886 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02094-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease is a multifactorial etiology, associated with environmental factors that can trigger both debut and relapses. A high level of tumor necrosis factor-α in the gut is the main consequence of immune system imbalance. The aim of treatment is to restore gut homeostasis. In this study, fresh blood and serum samples were used to identify biomarkers and to discriminate between Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis patients under remission treated with anti-TNF. Metabolomics based on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR) was used to detect unique biomarkers for each class of patients. Blood T lymphocyte repertories were characterized, as well as cytokine and transcription factor profiling, to complement the metabolomics data. Higher levels of homoserine-methionine and isobutyrate were identified as biomarkers of Crohn’s disease with ileocolic localization. For ulcerative colitis, lower levels of creatine-creatinine, proline, and tryptophan were found that reflect a deficit in the absorption of essential amino acids in the gut. T lymphocyte phenotyping and its functional profiling revealed that the overall inflammation was lower in Crohn’s disease patients than in those with ulcerative colitis. These results demonstrated that NMR metabolomics could be introduced as a high-throughput evaluation method in routine clinical practice to stratify both types of patients related to their pathology. Key messages NMR metabolomics is a non-invasive tool that could be implemented in the normal clinical practice for IBD to assess beneficial effect of the treatment. NMR metabolomics is a useful tool for precision medicine, in order to sew a specific treatment to a specific group of patients. Finding predictors of response to IFX would be desirable to select patients affected by IBD. Immunological status of inflammations correlates with NMR metabolomics biomarkers.
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00109-021-02094-y.
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Clinicopathologic Features and Diagnostic Implications of Pyloric Gland Metaplasia in Intestinal Specimens. Am J Surg Pathol 2021; 45:365-373. [PMID: 33105158 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Pyloric gland metaplasia (PGM) is a histopathologic change usually seen after inflammatory injury and, although described in association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and particularly Crohn disease (CD), its significance is still debated. We evaluated long-term correlates of PGM in a large cohort of 601 intestinal specimens, 227 (37.8%) biopsies, and 374 (62.2%) resections, from 567 different patients, 328 (57.8%) male and 239 (42.2%) female, with a mean age of 43.4±15.8 years. During mean clinical follow-up of 83.5±48.1 months, 511 (90.1%) patients were diagnosed with IBD, 457 (89.4%) with CD, and 53 (10.4%) with ulcerative colitis. In multivariate analysis, IBD patients with PGM were younger (P<0.001) and more often had severely active inflammation (P=0.002) compared with non-IBD patients, whereas, among IBD patients, those with ulcerative colitis were more likely to have PGM in a biopsy (P<0.001) or in the colorectum (P=0.009), compared with CD patients. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that incidental PGM in a biopsy was more likely to predict IBD in patients younger than 50 years (P<0.001) and those without a history of bowel surgery (P<0.001) and also more likely to signify CD in patients younger than 50 years (P=0.004), those without a history of bowel surgery (P=0.020), and when identified in the small intestine (P=0.032). In conclusion, intestinal PGM warrants a high suspicion for IBD and specifically CD, however, it should be interpreted with caution, especially in older patients or those with a history of prior intestinal surgery and in colorectal biopsies or specimens lacking severely active inflammation.
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