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Liu C, Zhou L, Chen Z. Construction of gastric cancer prognostic signature based on the E26 transcription factor and the identification of novel oncogene ELK3. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:1831-1849. [PMID: 38726274 PMCID: PMC11076248 DOI: 10.62347/rvbp7871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the function of 29 E26 (ETS) transcription factor families in gastric cancer (GC) and determine their association with prognosis. Our analysis of the expression of the ETS family revealed that 28 genes were dysregulated in GC, and that their expression was associated with multiple clinicopathological features (P<0.05). Based on the expression signature of the ETS family, consensus clustering was performed to generate two gastric cancer subtypes. These subtypes exhibited differences in overall survival (OS, P = 0.161), disease-free survival (DFS, P<0.05) and GC grade (P<0.01). Functional enrichment analysis of the target genes associated with the ETS family indicated that these genes primarily contribute to functions that facilitate tumor progression. A systematic statistical analysis was used to construct a prognostic model related to OS and DFS in association with the ETS family. This model demonstrated that the maximum area under the curve (AUC) values for predicting OS and DFS were 0.729 and 0.670, respectively, establishing ETS as an independent prognostic factor for GC Furthermore, a nomogram was created from the prognostic signature, and its predictive accuracy was confirmed by a calibration curve. Finally, the expression and prognostic significance of the six genes comprising the model were also examined. Among these, ELK3 was found to be significantly overexpressed in GC clinical samples. Subsequent in vitro and in vivo studies verified that ELK3 regulates GC proliferation and metastasis, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Liu
- School of Optometry, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Liqiang Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P. R. China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqing Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P. R. China
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Chen H, Yang W, Ma L, Li Y, Ji Z. Machine-learning based integrating bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the SLC38A5-CCL5 signaling as a promising target for clear cell renal cell carcinoma treatment. Transl Oncol 2023; 38:101790. [PMID: 37722291 PMCID: PMC10518726 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts paly critical roles in regulating cancer cell biological properties by intricate and dynamic communication networks. But the mechanism of CAFs in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is not clear. In our study, we identified CAFs and malignant cells from the integrated scRNA-seq datasets and establish a CAF-derived communication signature based on the highly activated regulons ETS1 and MEF2C. We stratified the ccRCC TME into two molecular subtypes with distinct prognoses, immune cell infiltration landscapes, and immune-related characteristics. The model derived from signature demonstrated high accuracy and robustness in predicting prognosis and ICIs therapy responses. Subsequently, the SLC38A5 of the model was found upregulated in CAFs and was related to decreased survival probabilities, inflamed TME, and upregulated inhibitory checkpoints. SLC38A5 inhibition could attenuate the pro-tumoral abilities of CAFs in terms of proliferation, migration, and invasion. Mechanically, CCL5 could restore these properties induced by SLC38A5 inhibition. In conclusion, our communication signature and its derived model enabled a more precise selection of ccRCC patients who were potential beneficiaries of ICIs. Besides, the SLC38A5-CCL5 axis may serve as a promising target for ccRCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualin Chen
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, China
| | - Wenjie Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, China
| | - Yingjie Li
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, China
| | - Zhigang Ji
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, China.
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Teng Y, Cang B, Mao F, Chen W, Cheng P, Peng L, Luo P, Lu D, You N, Zou Q, Zhuang Y. Expression of ETS1 in gastric epithelial cells positively regulate inflammatory response in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:498. [PMID: 32612120 PMCID: PMC7329872 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2705-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Gastric epithelial cells (GECs) provide the first point of contact of the host by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), and the interaction between H. pylori and GECs plays a critical role in H. pylori-associated diseases. Aberrant expression of transcription factors (TFs) contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders, including H. pylori-associated gastritis. ETS (E26 transformation specific) transcription factor family is one of the largest families of evolutionarily conserved TFs, regulating critical functions during cell homeostasis. We screened ETS family gene expression in H. pylori-infected mouse and human GECs and found that ETS1 (ETS proto-oncogene 1, transcription factor) expression was highly affected by H. pylori infection. Then, we reported that ETS1 was induced in GECs by H. pylori via cagA activated NF-κB pathway. Notably, we demonstrated that proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNFα have synergistic effects on ETS1 expression during H. pylori infection in an NF-κB-pathway-dependent manner. RNA-seq assay and Gene-ontology functional analysis revealed that ETS1 positively regulate inflammatory response during H. pylori infection. Increased ETS1 is also detected in the gastric mucosa of mice and patients with H. pylori infection. Collectively, these data showed that ETS1 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of H. pylori-associated gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Teng
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Fangyuan Mao
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weisan Chen
- La Trobe Institute of Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Ping Cheng
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liusheng Peng
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Luo
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongshui Lu
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nan You
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Quanming Zou
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Pant N, Rakshit S, Paul S, Saha I. Genome-wide analysis of multi-view data of miRNA-seq to identify miRNA biomarkers for stomach cancer. J Biomed Inform 2019; 97:103254. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2019.103254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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miR‑381 functions as a tumor suppressor by targeting ETS1 in pancreatic cancer. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:593-607. [PMID: 31173154 PMCID: PMC6605709 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that microRNA (miR)-381 is involved in the carcinogenesis and biologic progression of various types of cancer in humans. However, its potential biologic role and mechanism in pancreatic cancer remain to be elucidated. In the present study, the expression and functional role of miR-381 in pancreatic cancer were investigated. It was found that miR-381 was significantly downregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines. The biological functions of miR-381 were examined by measuring cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. The miR-381 target gene and signaling pathway were identified by luciferase activity assay and western blot assay. In vitro experiments confirmed that the enforced expression of miR-381 markedly suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and induced apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. By contrast, silencing the expression of miR-381 had the opposite effect. In addition, miR-381 inhibited xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, ETS1 was identified as a direct target of miR-381, and western blot analysis showed that miR-381 negatively modulated the expression of ETS1. It was also demonstrated that miR-381 serves a key role in pancreatic cancer cells through regulating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. In conclusion, the data obtained suggested that miR-381 mediated cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting ETS1, partly through PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. These results provide novel insights into understanding the potential effects and molecular mechanism of miR-381 on pancreatic cancer. miR-381 may serve as a novel potential marker for pancreatic cancer treatment in the future.
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Wang H, Chen W, Yang P, Zhou J, Wang K, Tao Q. Knockdown of linc00152 inhibits the progression of gastric cancer by regulating microRNA-193b-3p/ETS1 axis. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 20:461-473. [PMID: 30404587 PMCID: PMC6422511 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2018.1529124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is a serious threat for public health worldwide. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) linc00152 has been well reported to be an oncogene and a potential biomarker in multiple cancers including GC. However, the molecular mechanisms of linc00152 in GC development need to be further investigated. METHODS RT-qPCR assay was employed to detect the levels of linc00152, microRNA-193b-3p (miR-193b-3p) and ETS1 mRNA. ETS1 protein level was measured by western blot assay. Cell proliferative, migratory and invasive capacities were assessed by colony formation together with CCK-8 assays, transwell migration and invasion assays, respectively. Bioinformatics analyses and luciferase reporter assay were used to explore whether miR-193b-3p could interact with linc00152 or ETS1 3'UTR. The roles and molecular basis of linc00152 silence on the growth of GC xenograft tumors were tested in vivo. RESULTS Linc00152 expression was notably upregulated in GC tissues and cells. The proliferative, migratory and invasive abilities of GC cells were weakened by linc00152 depletion, miR-193b-3p overexpression or ETS1 knockdown. Linc00152 upregulation inhibited miR-193b-3p expression by direct interaction and abolished miR-193b-3p-mediated anti-proliferation, anti-migration and anti-invasion effects in GC cells. ETS1 was a target of miR-193b-3p and linc00152 could promote ETS1 expression by downregulating miR-193b-3p. In vivo experiments further validated that linc00152 knockdown inhibited the growth of GC xenograft tumors by upregulating miR-193b-3p and downregulating ETS1. CONCLUSION Knockdown of linc00152 inhibited GC progression by sequestering miR-193b-3p from ETS1 in vitro and in vivo, elucidating a novel molecular mechanism of linc00152 in promoting GC carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifang Wang
- Department of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine and Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxiang Chen
- Department of Spine Orthopaedics, Liaocheng Traditional Chinese Medicine hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine and Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine and Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiyuan Wang
- Chinese Medical Department of Internal respiration, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qingchun Tao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
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Okabe A, Funata S, Matsusaka K, Namba H, Fukuyo M, Rahmutulla B, Oshima M, Iwama A, Fukayama M, Kaneda A. Regulation of tumour related genes by dynamic epigenetic alteration at enhancer regions in gastric epithelial cells infected by Epstein-Barr virus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7924. [PMID: 28801683 PMCID: PMC5554293 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08370-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is associated with tumours such as Burkitt lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and gastric cancer. We previously showed that EBV(+) gastric cancer presents an extremely high-methylation epigenotype and this aberrant DNA methylation causes silencing of multiple tumour suppressor genes. However, the mechanisms that drive EBV infection-mediated tumorigenesis, including other epigenomic alteration, remain unclear. We analysed epigenetic alterations induced by EBV infection especially at enhancer regions, to elucidate their contribution to tumorigenesis. We performed ChIP sequencing on H3K4me3, H3K4me1, H3K27ac, H3K27me3, and H3K9me3 in gastric epithelial cells infected or not with EBV. We showed that repressive marks were redistributed after EBV infection, resulting in aberrant enhancer activation and repression. Enhancer dysfunction led to the activation of pathways related to cancer hallmarks (e.g., resisting cell death, disrupting cellular energetics, inducing invasion, evading growth suppressors, sustaining proliferative signalling, angiogenesis, and tumour-promoting inflammation) and inactivation of tumour suppressive pathways. Deregulation of cancer-related genes in EBV-infected gastric epithelial cells was also observed in clinical EBV(+) gastric cancer specimens. Our analysis showed that epigenetic alteration associated with EBV-infection may contribute to tumorigenesis through enhancer activation and repression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Okabe
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sayaka Funata
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keisuke Matsusaka
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroe Namba
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masaki Fukuyo
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Bahityar Rahmutulla
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Motohiko Oshima
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iwama
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masashi Fukayama
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kaneda
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
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Liu L, Liu Y, Zhang X, Chen M, Wu H, Lin M, Zhan Y, Zhuang C, Lin J, Li J, Xu W, Fu X, Zhang Q, Sun X, Zhao G, Huang W. Inhibiting cell migration and cell invasion by silencing the transcription factor ETS-1 in human bladder cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:25125-34. [PMID: 27036016 PMCID: PMC5041893 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the members of the ETS gene family, the transcription factor v-ets avian erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog 1 (ETS-1) plays key role in the regulation of physiological processes in normal cells and tumors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the transcription factor ETS-1 and malignant phenotypes of bladder cancer. We demonstrated that ETS-1 was up-regulated in human bladder cancer tissue compared to paired normal bladder tissue. In order to evaluate the functional role of ETS-1 in human bladder cancer, vectors expressing ETS-1 shRNA and ETS-1 protein were constructed in vitro and transfected into the human bladder cancer T24 and 5637 cells. Our results showed that the transcription factor ETS-1 could promote cell migration and cell invasion in human bladder cancer, without affecting cell proliferation and apoptosis. In conclusion, ETS-1 plays oncogenic roles through inducing cell migration and invasion in human bladder cancer, and it can be used as a therapeutic target for treating human bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Urology Department, Qingyuan People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xintao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingwei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hanwei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Muqi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yonghao Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chengle Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Junhao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jianfa Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xing Fu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiaoxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaojuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guoping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiren Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing, China
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Rui Q, Xu Z, Yang P, He Z. Long noncoding RNA expression patterns in lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer by microarray. Biomed Pharmacother 2015; 75:12-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Chong Y, Mia-Jan K, Ryu H, Abdul-Ghafar J, Munkhdelger J, Lkhagvadorj S, Jung SY, Lee M, Ji SY, Choi E, Cho MY. DNA methylation status of a distinctively different subset of genes is associated with each histologic Lauren classification subtype in early gastric carcinogenesis. Oncol Rep 2014; 31:2535-44. [PMID: 24737029 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation change is known to play a crucial role in early gastric carcinogenesis. The present study aimed to identify and validate the correlation between differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and the subtypes of early gastric cancers (EGCs). Illumina Infinium methylation assay (IIMA; 450K BeadChip kit) was performed on fresh tumor and non‑tumor tissues of 12 EGCs to screen the methylation status of 450,000 CpG sites. To evaluate the significance of DNA methylation in each histologic subtype, pyrosequencing assay (PA) was performed on 38 EGCs (18 intestinal-, 12 mixed- and 8 diffuse-type) using 12 genes selected from the screening. Between tumors of the intestinal-type (n=6), and diffuse- (n=4) plus mixed-types (n=2), 169 regions showed significant differences (intensity>3,000, Δβ>0.2) in IIMA. Hierarchical clustering using the 169 DMRs revealed distinct separation between the two groups. In PA using 12 selected genes from the IIMA results, the aberrant methylation statuses of DVL2 (p=0.0186) and ETS1 (p=0.0222) were significantly related to diffuse- and mixed-types rather than the intestinal-type, while C19orf35 (p=0.019) and CNRIP1 (p=0.0473) were related to the diffuse‑type rather than intestinal‑type, and GAL3ST2 (p=0.0158) and ITGA3 (p=0.0273) were related to the mixed-type rather than the other two types. The methylation of other genes, CLIP4, XKR6, CCDC57, MAML3 and SDC2, was related with age, tumor location, or Helicobacter infection rather than the histologic subtype. Aberrant DNA methylation of certain genes may be independently involved in each histologic subtype of EGC. Furthermore, mixed-type EGCs may be a distinctive histologic subtype based on the different subset of DMRs compared to those of other subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosep Chong
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Khalilullah Mia-Jan
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Ryu
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jamshid Abdul-Ghafar
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jijgee Munkhdelger
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sayamaa Lkhagvadorj
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Jung
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Mira Lee
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Ji
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhee Choi
- Division of Statistics, Institute of Life Style Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee-Yon Cho
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
We detected loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite instabilities (MSI), as well as extron expression of the fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene in gastric carcinoma (GC), in order to evaluate their association with clinicopathological processes in gastric carcinogenesis. LOH and MSI of the FHIT were detected by using PCR at 4 microsatellite loci: D3S 1300, D3S 4103, D3S 1481, D3S 1234 in cancer tissues from 50 patients with primary GC, with normal mucosa acting as matched controls. FHIT transcripts were detected by nested RT-PCR in 30 cases of GC and their products were sequenced. Results show that the average frequencies of LOH and MSI of the FHIT gene in GC were 32.4% and 26.4%, respectively. There was no correlation between LOH and MSI of the FHIT gene in GC and the histological characteristics of gastric carcinoma (Bormann's or Lauren's classification). LOH of the FHIT gene in GC was related to depth invasiveness, and its frequency in GC where serosa was penetrated was significantly higher than that in GC without serosa penetration (73.5% vs 37.5%, P < 0.05). The frequency of MSI in GC without lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that in GC with lymph node metastasis (66.7% vs 34.3%, P < 0.05). Aberrant transcripts were found in 11/30 GC tissues. Sequencing analysis of the aberrant fragments found a RT-PCR product missing exons 5-7 in one case of GC, and another product missing exons 4-7. Four of 10 (40.0%) cases of primary GC showed absent or decreased expression of the FHIT protein as compared to their matched normal tissues. The findings in this study suggest that LOH and MSI of FHIT gene may induce aberrant extron expression, which might play a role in gastric carcinogenesis.
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12
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Zheng L, Qi T, Yang D, Qi M, Li D, Xiang X, Huang K, Tong Q. microRNA-9 suppresses the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells through targeting cyclin D1 and Ets1. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55719. [PMID: 23383271 PMCID: PMC3561302 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence shows that altered microRNA-9 (miR-9) expression is implicated in the progression of gastric cancer. However, the exact roles and underlying mechanisms of miR-9 in the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer still remain unknown. In this study, miR-9 was found to be down-regulated and inversely correlated with the expression of cyclin D1 and v-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog 1 (Ets1) in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines. Bioinformatics analysis revealed the putative miR-9 binding sites in the 3′-untranslated regions (3′-UTR) of cyclin D1 and Ets1 mRNA. Ectopic expression or knockdown of miR-9 resulted in responsively altered expression of cyclin D1, Ets1 and their downstream targets phosphorylated retinoblastoma and matrix metalloproteinase 9 in cultured gastric cancer cell lines SGC-7901 and AGS. In the luciferase reporter system, miR-9 directly targeted the 3′-UTR of cyclin D1 and Ets1, and these effects were abolished by mutating the miR-9 binding sites. Over-expression of miR-9 suppressed the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of SGC-7901 and AGS cells in vitro and in vivo. Restoration of miR-9-mediated down-regulation of cyclin D1 and Ets1 by transient transfection, rescued the cancer cells from decrease in proliferation, migration and invasion. Furthermore, anti-miR-9 inhibitor promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells, while knocking down of cyclin D1 or Ets1 partially phenocopied the effects of miR-9 over-expression. These data indicate that miR-9 suppresses the expression of cyclin D1 and Ets1 via the binding sites in their 3′-UTR, thus inhibiting the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liduan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Center of Human Genomic Research, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Teng Qi
- Department of Surgery, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dehua Yang
- Department of Surgery, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Meng Qi
- Department of Surgery, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Surgery, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xuan Xiang
- Department of Surgery, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Clinical Center of Human Genomic Research, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qiangsong Tong
- Clinical Center of Human Genomic Research, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Department of Surgery, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- * E-mail:
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Overexpression of ETS-1 is associated with malignant biological features of prostate cancer. Asian J Androl 2012; 14:860-3. [PMID: 23064684 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2012.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
E26 transformation-specific-1 (ETS-1), an ETS family transcription factor, has been reported to play an important role in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, but clinical implications of ETS-1 expression in prostate cancer (PCa), particularly high-risk cases, including response to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) have yet to be elucidated. We examined the expression of ETS-1 using immunohistochemical staining of paraffin-embedded prostate carcinoma tissue obtained by needle biopsy from 69 mostly advanced PCa patients. ETS-1 expression was compared with the clinicopathological characteristics of the 69 patients, including 25 who underwent ADT as a primary treatment. As a result, PCa patients with higher expression of ETS-1 were significantly more likely to be of high stage and high Gleason score (P<0.05). There was no significant association between ETS-1 expression and the initial prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level. In the 25 patients treated by ADT, the staining score for ETS-1 was significantly associated with rapid development of castration-resistant disease within 24 months (P<0.05), whereas the Gleason score and PSA level were not. In conclusion, increased ETS-1 expression was associated with a higher stage, higher Gleason score and shorter time to castration-resistant progression. These data suggest that immunostaining for ETS-1 could be a molecular marker for predicting a poor clinical outcome for PCa patients, particularly those with high-risk disease.
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Immunohistochemical determination of ETS-1 oncoprotein expression in urothelial carcinomas of the urinary bladder. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2012; 20:153-8. [PMID: 21623185 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0b013e31821ba035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
ETS-1 protooncogene is an important transcription factor that plays a role in the regulation of physiological processes, such as cell proliferation and differentiation. ETS-1 is thought to be related to the growth of carcinoma cells by its regulation of the transcription of matrix metalloproteinases and urokinase-type plasminogen activator. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression pattern of ETS-1 oncoprotein in urothelial carcinomas of the urinary bladder and determine its relationship with histopathologic parameters, including tumor grade and stage. One hundred six specimens of urothelial carcinoma and a total of 14 normal urothelium were analyzed immunohistochemically with anti-ETS-1 monoclonal antibody. The normal urothelium showed positive ETS-1 immunostaining. ETS-1 expression remained high in low-grade and noninvasive tumors, whereas it frequently decreased in high-grade or invasive carcinomas. Interestingly, ETS-1 was highly expressed in the basal cell layer of the noninvasive urothelial carcinomas. ETS-1 expression showed a strong negative correlation with the tumor grade (P<0.001; r, -0.67) and stage (P<0.001; r, -0.75). The nonmuscle-invasive tumors (pTa+pT1) and noninvasive tumors (pTa) had significantly higher ETS-1 expression than the muscle-invasive tumors (pT2; P<0.001) and invasive tumors (pT1+pT2; P<0.001), respectively. Results of our study show that decreased ETS-1 expression is significantly associated with high grade and advanced stage in urothelial carcinomas of the urinary bladder, and that the downregulation of ETS-1 expression may be a marker of the aggressiveness of such malignancies.
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Calli AO, Sari A, Cakalagaoglu F, Altinboga AA, Oncel S. ETS-1 proto-oncogene as a key newcomer molecule to predict invasiveness in laryngeal carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2011; 207:628-33. [PMID: 21940109 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
ETS-1 protein is one of the key regulators in tumor invasion and progression. We aimed to evaluate the role of ETS-1 in the invasiveness and progression of laryngeal squamous carcinoma, as well as to determine the correlations between clinicopathological characteristics and expression of this molecule. We assessed the levels of ETS-1 in a total of 96 laryngeal specimens of varying degrees of dysplasia, microinvasive squamous carcinoma (8), and invasive squamous carcinoma (60), using normal mucosal epithelium (10) as a positive control. The relationship between ETS-1 expression and clinicopathological parameters of laryngeal carcinoma was also analyzed. We found a significantly higher ETS-1 expression in invasive laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas than in dysplasia (P<0.001). A correlation between ETS-1 expression scores and grade was detected - T factor, stage, cartilage invasion, lymph node metastasis, as well as depth of invasion in laryngeal tumors. Our study is the first to demonstrate that ETS-1 expression is significantly increased in invasive carcinoma, but it is absent in low-moderate grade laryngeal dysplasia and non-neoplastic laryngeal mucosa. This data suggest that ETS-1 expression may play an important role in tumor invasion, and may function in the initiation of the invasive process in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aylin Orgen Calli
- Izmir Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Yesilyurt, Turkey.
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Yamaguchi E, Nakayama T, Nanashima A, Matsumoto K, Yasutake T, Sekine I, Nagayasu T. Ets-1 proto-oncogene as a potential predictor for poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2007; 213:41-50. [PMID: 17785952 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.213.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The proto-oncogene Ets-1 is a transcription factor that is known to regulate certain matrix metalloproteinases and plasminogen activator, which have been associated with malignant behaviors in solid carcinomas. We hypothesized that Ets-1 expression is also associated with tumor progression and a worse prognosis in lung carcinoma patients. To clarify the role of the Ets-1 proto-oncogene, the expression of Ets-1 in non-small cell lung carcinomas using 156 paraffin-embedded specimens was determined in surgically resected tissue samples. Immunohistochemical staining showed Ets-1 expression in 82 cases of 156 carcinomas (53%): 36 of 52 (69%) squamous cell carcinomas, 41 of 96 (43%) adenocarcinomas, and 5 of 8 (63%) other carcinomas. In adenocarcinomas, a higher proportion of acinar type expressed Ets-1 compared to papillary or alveolar type (p < 0.05). The proportion of adenocarcinoma that expressed Ets-1 increased with poorer histologic differentiation of the adenocarcinoma (p < 0.05). Ets-1 positive adenocarcinomas had a larger mean size than Ets-1 negative adenocarcinomas (p < 0.01). In adenocarcinoma patients, expression of Ets-1 was associated with disease-free (p = 0.09) and overall survivals (p < 0.05) after lung resection. Such relationship was not observed among squamous cell carcinoma patients. Our findings indicate that Ets-1 expression is related to histopathological differentiation, morphogenesis, and tumor progression of lung adenocarcinomas. Ets-1 appears to be a useful predictor of poor prognosis after surgical resection in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Ets-1 expression could be used to evaluate the malignant behaviors of lung adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiichiro Yamaguchi
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki852-8501, Japan
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de Krijger RR, Claessen SMH, van der Ham F, van Unnik AJM, Hulsbergen-van de Kaa CA, van Leuven L, van Noesel M, Speel EJM. Gain of chromosome 8q is a frequent finding in pleuropulmonary blastoma. Mod Pathol 2007; 20:1191-9. [PMID: 17873899 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.3800953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Pleuropulmonary blastomas are rare malignant intrathoracic tumors of early childhood. They appear as a pulmonary- and/or pleural-based mass and their pathogenesis and relationship to other pediatric solid tumors is not well understood. In this study, paraffin-embedded material of five cases of pleuropulmonary blastoma was analyzed for genetic alterations by comparative genomic hybridization and five genetic loci by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Comparative genomic hybridization identified aberrations in all pleuropulmonary blastomas, including four amplifications in three tumors at chromosomes 5q33-34, 11q22.2-ter, 15q25-ter, and 19q11-13.2. The most frequent DNA gains involved 8q11-22.2 (four cases) and 20q (two cases), whereas the most common losses included 9p21-24 (two cases) and 11p14 (three cases). Chromosome 8 gains were confirmed by fluorescent in situ hybridization, resulting in the detection of up to five copies of chromosome 8 centromeres per nucleus. In the two surviving patients, chromosome 8 gains were the only genetic abnormality, suggesting that this might be an early event in pleuropulmonary blastoma carcinogenesis. The identification of new genetic alterations as well as the confirmation of previously reported ones (especially 8q gains) in pleuropulmonary blastoma should help to improve our understanding of both the molecular mechanisms underlying the tumorigenesis of pleuropulmonary blastoma and the relationship of pleuropulmonary blastoma with other pediatric tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald R de Krijger
- Department of Pathology, Josephine Nefkens Institute, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Multipoint interphase FISH in childhood T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia detects subpopulations that carry different chromosome 3 aberrations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 172:54-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2006.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2006] [Revised: 08/07/2006] [Accepted: 08/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Xiao YP, Wu DY, Xu L, Xin Y. Loss of heterozygosity and microsatellite instabilities of fragile histidine triad gene in gastric carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12:3766-9. [PMID: 16773697 PMCID: PMC4087473 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i23.3766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To detect the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite instabilities (MSI) of fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene in gastric carcinoma and to study their association with the clinical pathological characteristics of gastric carcinoma.
METHODS: LOH and MSI of FHIT gene were detected at four microsatellite loci D3Sl3H, D3S4l03, D3Sl48l and D3S1234 using PCR in matched normal and cancerous tissues from 50 patients with primary gastric cancer.
RESULTS: The average frequency of LOH and MSI of FHIT gene in gastric cancer was 32.4% and 26.4% respectively. LOH and MSI of FHIT gene in gastric cancer had no association with histological, Borrmann, and Lauren’s classification. LOH of FHIT gene in gastric cancer was related to invasive depth. The frequency of FHIT LOH in gastric cancer with serosa-penetration was obviously higher than that in gastric cancer without serosa-penetration (73.5% vs 37.5%, P < 0.05). MSI of FHIT gene in gastric cancer was associated with the lymph node metastasis. The frequency of MSI in gastric cancer without lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that in gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis (66.7% vs 34.3%, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: LOH of FHIT gene is correlated with invasive depth of gastric carcinoma. MSI of FHIT gene is correlated with lymph node metastases. LOH and MSI of FHIT gene play an important role in carcinogenesis of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ping Xiao
- Cancer Insititute, No.1 Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province
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Abstract
Cancer can be defined as a genetic disease, resulting as a consequence of multiple events associated with initiation, promotion and metastatic growth. Cancer results from the loss of control of cellular homeostasis. Cell homeostasis is the result of the balance between proliferation and cell death, while cellular transformation can be viewed as a loss of relationship between these events. Oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes act as modulators of cell proliferation, while the balance of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes controls cell death. All cancer cells acquire similar sets of functional capacities: (1) independence from mitogenic/growth signals; (2) loss of sensitivity to "anti-growth" signals; (3) evade apoptosis; (4) Neo-angiogenic conversion; (5) release from senescence; and (6) invasiveness and metastasis. One of the goals of molecular biology is to elucidate the mechanisms that contribute to the development and progression of cancer. Such understanding of the molecular basis of cancer will provide new possibilities for: (1) earlier detection as well as better diagnosis and staging of disease with detection of minimal residual disease recurrences and evaluation of response to therapy; (2) prevention; and (3) novel treatment strategies. We feel that increased understanding of ETS-regulated biological pathways will directly impact these areas. ETS proteins are transcription factors that activate or repress the expression of genes that are involved in various biological processes, including cellular proliferation, differentiation, development, transformation and apoptosis. Identification of target genes that are regulated by a specific transcription factor is one of the most critical areas in understanding the molecular mechanisms that control transcription. Furthermore, identification of target gene promoters for normal and oncogenic transcription factors provides insight into the regulation of genes that are involved in control of normal cell growth, and differentiation, as well as provide information critical to understanding cancer development. This review will highlight the current understanding of ETS genes and their role in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Seth
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Research, Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Sunnybrook and Women's College Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4N 3M5.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Identification of a disease-specific H pylori virulence factors predictive of the outcome of infection remains unachieved. METHODS We used the polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot to compare the presence of 14 vir homologue genes with clinical presentation of H pylori infection, mucosal histology, and mucosal interleukin (IL)-8 levels. RESULTS We examined 500 H pylori strains from East Asia and South America, including 120 with gastritis, 140 with duodenal ulcer (DU), 110 with gastric ulcer (GU), and 130 with gastric cancer. Only 1 gene that encompassed both jhp0917 and jhp0918 called dupA (duodenal ulcer promoting gene) was associated with a specific clinical outcome. dupA was present in 42% of DU vs. 21% of gastritis (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 3.1, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.7-5.7). Its presence was also associated with more intense antral neutrophil infiltration and IL-8 levels and was a marker for protection against gastric atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric cancer (OR for gastric cancer = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.2-0.9 compared with gastritis). In vitro studies in gastric epithelial cells using dupA -deleted and -complemented mutants showed that the dupA plays roles in IL-8 production, in activation of transcription factors responsible for IL-8 promoter activity, and in increased survivability at low pH. CONCLUSIONS dupA is a novel marker associated with an increased risk for DU and reduced risk for gastric atrophy and cancer. Its association with DU-promoting and -protective effects against atrophy/cancer was evident in both Asian and Western countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Lu
- Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Chen YF, Shin SJ, Lin SR. Ets1 was significantly activated by ERK1/2 in mutant K-ras stably transfected human adrenocortical cells. DNA Cell Biol 2005; 24:126-32. [PMID: 15699632 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2005.24.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study on the tumorigenesis of human functional adrenal tumors, we observed a high frequency of point mutation in the K-ras gene in clinical adrenal tumors. Therefore, we analyzed gene profiles of mutant K-ras transfected adrenocortical cells by DNA microarray to determine the expression pattern of genes related to cell cycle, signal transduction, apoptosis, tumorigenesis, steroidogenesis, and other expressed sequence tags (ESTs). Then we analyzed all of the significant differentially expressed genes by bioinformatics tools, "Matchminer" and "Gominer." The results revealed that expression of mutant K-ras gene induced by IPTG upregulated Ets1, which was mainly related to cell proliferation. After carefully being analyzed by software "DAVID" and "Pathart," Ets1 was found to be activated by being phosphorylated at theronine 38 by ERK1/2, and in turn, to regulate the following genes: uPA, MMP-3, and prolactin (Ling et al., 2003; Duffy and Daggan, 2004; Maupas-Schwalm et al., 2004; van Themsche et al., 2004). The result of Western blotting analysis confirmed that Ets1 was really phosphorylated when mutant K-ras was activated. On the other hand, the membrane blotting analyses indicated that the expression levels of uPA, MMP-3, and prolactin in human adrenocortical cells stably transfected with the mutant K-ras gene were significantly higher than those in normal control cells. Compared to control cells, the level of prolactin raised 1.4-fold, the level of MMP-3 raised 1.8-fold, and the level of uPA raised 2.1-fold in the transfected cells. From the results of this study, we proposed a mechanism of Ets1 in human adrenocortical cells expressing a mutated K-ras gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-F Chen
- MedicoGenomic Research Center, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Gao YJ, Mao XY, Wu DY, Zhang SM, Xin Y. Protein expression of fragile histidine triad and non-metastasis 23-H 1 and their clinicopathological significance in gastric cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2004; 12:2534-2538. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v12.i11.2534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the expression of fragile histidine triad (FHIT) and non-metastasis 23-H1 (nm23-H1) and to investigate their relations with clinicopathological behaviors of gastric cancer.
METHODS: PV9000 two-step immunohistochemical method was employed to detect the expression of FHIT and nm23-H1 in 98 cases of gastric cancer.
RESULTS: The positive rates of FHIT and nm23-H1 expression were 38.8% (38/98) and 33% (28/87) respectively. The FHIT expression related to the histological classification, Lauren classification and lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer (P < 0.05). The positive rate of FHIT protein expression became higher with the development of gastric cancer, but there was no significance (P > 0.05). The nm23-H1 expression was negatively related to clinical staging and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: FHIT may be an important candidate of tumor suppressor gene in gastric cancer. The expression of FHIT and nm23-H1 protein has close relations with lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer, and they may work synergistically and can be important markers for predicting metastasis and evaluating prognosis of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jia Gao
- Fourth Laboratory of Cancer Institute, First Affilitated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Mao
- Fourth Laboratory of Cancer Institute, First Affilitated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dong-Ying Wu
- Fourth Laboratory of Cancer Institute, First Affilitated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shu-Ming Zhang
- Fourth Laboratory of Cancer Institute, First Affilitated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yan Xin
- Fourth Laboratory of Cancer Institute, First Affilitated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
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Chen FM, Yi CQ, Chen T, Ye JM, Qian W. Effect of fatty acid synthase inhibitor on growth and apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2004; 12:2024-2027. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v12.i9.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of fatty acid synthase inhibitor- cerulenin on the growth and apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells.
METHODS: The inhibitory effect of cerulenin was observed at 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/L on the growth of MKN28, SGC7901 and MKN45 cell lines in medium containing 100 mL/L fetal bovine serum and serum-free medium for 24 h by MTT assays. Flow cytometry (FCM) analysis and agarose gel electrophoresis were used to study the changes of cell apoptosis.
RESULTS: Cerulenin caused dose-dependent inhibition on the growth of human gastric cancer cells MKN28, SGC7901 and MKN45; Inhibition was much greater in serum-free medium than in medium with 100mL/L fetal bovine serum. The inhibitory rates of MKN28 after 24 h exposure to cerulenin at 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/L in medium with fetal bovine serum medium and serum-free were 3.2±0.6%, 7.3±0.5%, 11.3±0.7%, 17.7±1.2%, 41.7±1.0% and 5.1±1.3%, 11.1±1.7%, 20.9±1.3%, 31.3±2.3%, 60.2±3.9%, respectively (1.4±1.3%, 3.3±2.0%, 6.2±3.2%, 8.1±1.1%, 10.1±1.7% and 2.8±1.1%, 6.1±0.8%, 8.5±1.3%, 11.5±0.9%, 17.2±2.2%, P <0.05 vs controls, respectively). The inhibitory rates of SGC7901 after 24 h exposure to cerulenin at 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/L in medium with fetal bovine serum and serum-free medium were 3.4±0.8%, 9.5±1.2%, 23.3±1.7%, 38.5±1.8%, 65.2±2.1% and 6.6±0.9%, 14.3±2.1%, 33.0±1.8%, 56.9±2.2%, 78.2±1.4%, respectively (2.3±1.0%, 5.0±1.2%, 7.3±1.0%, 9.7±1.9%, 13.4±1.3% and 3.9±1.2%, 8.7±1.5%, 10.5±1.9%, 13.8±1.6%, 19.5±1.7%, P <0.05 vs controls, respectively).The inhibitory rates of MKN45 after 24 h exposure to cerulenin at 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/L in medium with fetal bovine serum medium and serum-free were 5.9±1.1%, 13.5±0.9%, 30.5±1.9%, 49.1±1.5%, 71.7±2.0% and 8.4±1.1%, 19.6±1.4%, 40.4±1.4%, 67.0±1.3%, 83.8±2.0%, respectively (2.7±1.4%, 7.4±1.1%, 9.6±1.3%, 12.6±1.1%, 16.7±2.2% and 4.4±1.6%, 9.5±0.9%, 13.7±0.7%, 18.4±1.6%, 26.6±2.1%, P <0.05 vs controls, respectively). After 24 h exposure to cerulenin, the IC50 of MKN28, SGC7901 and MKN45 cells in serum-free medium(13.3 mg/L, 16.7 mg/L, 32.3 mg/L, respectively) were lower than those of serum-medium group (20.1 mg/L, 26.6 mg/L, 46.3 mg/L, P <0.01). When MKN28, SGC7901 and MKN45 cells were treated for 12 h with 40 mg/L of cerulenin, the apoptotic rate revealed 10.1±0.7%, 12.5±0.4% and 14.9±0.8%, respectively (P <0.01 vs controls)and resulted in a block in G2/M phase of the cell cycle of gastric cancer cells. DNA agarose gel electrophoresis showed the typical DNA ladder of apoptosis.
CONCLUSION: Fatty acid synthase inhibitor- cerulenin inhibits the growth of human gastric cancer cells and induces apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells. Fatty acid synthase might be a potential target for anti-gastric cancer.
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Qiao J, Cree J, Kang J, Kim S, Evers BM, Chung DH. Ets transcriptional regulation of gastrin-releasing peptide receptor in neuroblastomas. Surgery 2004; 136:489-94. [PMID: 15300220 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2004.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have demonstrated that gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) binds specifically to its cell surface receptor, GRP-R, to act as an autocrine/paracrine growth factor for neuroblastomas (NBs); an increased expression of GRP-R was found in more advanced-stage NBs. Ets family proteins are nuclear targets for intracellular kinase pathways that can lead to cell proliferation; however, a potential role of Ets in the expression of GRP-R in NBs is unknown. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to determine whether Ets regulates transcriptional activity of GRP-R in NBs. METHODS We identified multiple DNA-binding sites for various nuclear transcription factors in the proximal (ie, 263 bp) GRP-R promoter. Luciferase assay was performed to measure GRP-R promoter activity that contained site-specific mutations of various binding elements. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay was performed to determine transcription factor-binding activity. RESULTS Mutation of a consensus Ets-binding site in the GRP-R promoter significantly decreased GRP-R promoter activity. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay demonstrated a decrease in Ets nuclear protein-binding activity. Furthermore, overexpression of Ets1 resulted in upregulation of GRP-R promoter activity. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that Ets is a transcription factor that significantly contributes to the GRP-R transcription in NBs. This finding may allow us to develop novel molecular tools to downregulate expression of GRP-R and hence inhibit mitogenic effects of GRP in NBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Qiao
- Department of Surgery and the Sealy Center for Cancer Cell Biology, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0353, USA
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Xue XC, Fang GE, Wang XH, Liu F, Bi JW, Cao GS, Qian QJ. Therapeutic effect of replication-competent adenovirus-mediated transfer of interleukin-12 gene on the mouse transplanted gastric cancer in vivo. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2004; 12:1522-1526. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v12.i7.1522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To study the treatment of the replication-competent adenovirus-mediated transfer of interleukin-12 gene in the mouse transplanted with gastric cancer in vivo, and to explore the new therapeutic approach of gastric cancer.
METHODS: The efficacy of CNHK200-mIL-12, ONYX-015, Ad-mIL-12 was tested in nude mice and 615 mice with subcutaneous human SGC-7901 and MFC 615 mice carcinomas. The immunological mechanism in xenografts gastric tumor of mice was further analyzed.
RESULTS: The replication-competent adenovirus-mediated transfer of interleukin-12 gene slowed down the tumor progress. This might be caused by the proliferation of the replication-competent adenovirus. Ad-mIL-12 had little effect on the transplanted tumor in nude mice. While 615 mice bearing MFC gastric cancer presented the best anticancer effects. Administration of Ad-mIL-12 was showed to delay the growth of transplanted MFC tumor markedly(P < 0.001), and mediate complete regression of 3/10 established tumor. In the setting of CNHK200-mIL-12, the regression ratio was 4/10. Significantly prolonged survival was observed in both Ad-mIL-12 and CNHK200-mIL-12 experimental groups of MFC gastric tumor bearing mice. The analysis of the immunological mechanism in xenografts gastric tumor of mice 615 showed that the expression of IL-12 by CNHK200-mIL-12 and Ad-mIL-12 could greatly stimulate the immune response against the transplanted gastric tumor. It was found that these therapies could enhance the natural killer cell activity and specific cytotoxic T cell activity. The CD4+ and CD8+ T cell infiltrated into the tumor more significantly than that in the group of ONYX-015 and control (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: The replication-competent adenovirus can specifically replicate in tumor cells and kill the tumor cells. IL-12 is an effective cytokine stimulating anticancer immune responses. When combined, it is complementary resulting in a significantly improved treatment outcome.
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N/A. N/A. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2004; 12:1380-1383. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v12.i6.1380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Zheng LD, Tong QS, Liu J, Wang L, Qian W. Effects of BAK gene over-expression on apoptosis in gastric cancer cells and its molecular mechanisms. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2004; 12:1025-1029. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v12.i5.1025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the apoptosis-inducing effects of extrinsic BAK gene transfer and its over-expression on gastric cancer cells and its molecular mechanisms.
METHODS: The eukaryotic expression for BAK gene was constructed and transferred into gastric cancer MKN-45 cell line. After being transferred for 1 to 5 d, cellular BAK gene expression was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting methods. The growth activities of cancer cells were detected by cell count and MTT colorimetry. Cell cycle changes were assayed by flow cytometry. Cellular apoptosis was assayed by electronic microscopy and in situ terminally labeled transferase technique (TUNEL). Cellular caspase-3 activities were observed by colorimetric method.
RESULTS: After being transferred for 1 to 5 d, cellular BAK mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly increased (P < 0.01). In vitro growth of gastric cancer cells was inhibited by 11.6-35.3% (P < 0.01). The cellular proliferation activities were decreased by 10.2-32.4% (P < 0.01), with cell cycle being blocked at G0/G1 phase. Partial cancer cells presented the characteristic morphological changes of apoptosis, with the apoptotic rates being 21.4% (P < 0.01). The cellular caspase-3 activities were enhanced by 4.45 times (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: Transfection of extrinsic BAK gene, resulting in its over-expression, can significantly induce apoptosis of gastric cancer MKN-45 cells through activating caspase-3, which is a potential strategy for gene therapy of gastric cancer.
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Han CB, Li F, Yang XF, Mao XY, Wu DY, Xin Y. Alterations of mtDNA copy number in gastric carcinoma. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2004; 12:258-261. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v12.i2.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the relationship between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and gastric cancer by comparing the difference of mtDNA copy number in gastric cancers and paracancerous tissues.
METHODS: Hypervariable reigon (HV)1 and HV2 of mitochondrial D-loop region from 20 cases of gastric cancer and 20 paracancerous tissues were amplified by PCR; meantime b-actin was served as a quantitative standard marker, followed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and silver staining, in which the difference of mtDNA copy number was compared between gastric cancers and paracancerous tissues.
RESULTS: There existed significantly quantitative difference in HV1, HV2 (standardized with b-actin) between gastric cancers and paracancerous tissues (P < 0.01). mtDNA copy number was associated with important enzymes in nucleus such as AKP, cAMP-PDE and cGMP-PDE (P < 0.05), although not with tumor histological type and invasive depth (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The occurrence of gastric cancer is closely associated with decreased mtDNA copy number, which may be a new tumor marker.
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